賓語從句(同名16869)

PAGEPAGE5賓語從句(要決：語序正常，時態(tài)一致)一、明確三種類型

賓語從句根據(jù)其引導(dǎo)詞的不同可分為三種類型：

1.由連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，如：Hesaid(that)itwasSundayyesterday.

2.由連詞if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，如：Couldyoutellmeif/whethertherewillbeatestnextweek?

3.由which,when等連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，如：Idon’tknowhowIcangetthere.

二、理順轉(zhuǎn)換步驟把兩個單句組成含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句時，合并變化應(yīng)遵循以下四大要素：確定引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）根據(jù)從句的句子類型選擇正確的引導(dǎo)詞。若從句為陳述句，則引導(dǎo)詞為that(that在口語中常省略)；若從句是一般疑問句、選擇疑問句或反意疑問句，則引導(dǎo)詞為if或whether；若從句是特殊疑問句，則引導(dǎo)詞由疑問詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來的疑問代詞/副詞。

2.調(diào)整語序賓語從句永遠是陳述句語序。若原句是疑問句式，則應(yīng)將它調(diào)整為陳述句語序。(追蹤練習(xí))1)Ishegoingtotheshop?

Iwanttoknow.(改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句)

2)Whendoeshegetup?

Doyouknow?

(改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句)

3.變換時態(tài)A.若主句謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，賓語從句可根據(jù)實際情況選用所需要的任何時態(tài)。

1)Hesays(that)hewillfinishtheworktomorrow.

2)Ithink(that)theyhavealreadygonetoBeijing.

B.若主句謂語動詞是一般過去時，則賓語從句動詞的時態(tài)用過去時的某種形式(時態(tài)變化規(guī)律：一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時，現(xiàn)在進行時→過去進行時，一般將來時→過去將來時，一般過去時→過去完成時，現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時，過去完成時→過去完成時。)(追蹤練習(xí))1)“AreyouleavingforShanghaisoon?”Sheaskedhim.2)“Whatdidyoudolastnight?”IaskedMary.

4.變化人稱(要訣為：一從主，二從賓，三不變)賓語從句的句子的主語如果是第一人稱，則隨主句的主語變（主句主語是第幾人稱，則賓語從句的主語變?yōu)榈趲兹朔Q）；如果是第二人稱，則隨主句的賓語變（主句賓語是第幾人稱，則賓語從句的主語變?yōu)榈趲兹朔Q）；如果是第三人稱，則不要變（賓語從句的主語仍用第三人稱）。(追蹤練習(xí))1)ShallIgothere?Heaskedme.

(改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句)

2)Willyougothere?Heaskedme.(改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句)

3)Willshegotheretoo?Heaskedme.(改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句)

三、加強三點注意

1.時態(tài)不變當(dāng)賓語從句的內(nèi)容是客觀事實或科學(xué)真理等時，不論主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。(追蹤練習(xí))“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”

Theteachersaidtothestudents.

(改為賓語從句)“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”Myfathertoldme.(改為賓語從句)

2.“兩副面孔”if和when等既能引導(dǎo)賓語從句，又能引導(dǎo)狀語從句。若引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，它們的時態(tài)常用一般將來時；若引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句，它們的時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(主將從現(xiàn))。(追蹤練習(xí))

1)Idon’tknowif/whenhe_____________tomorrow.(come)(__________從句)

2)If/Whenhe______________,he’lltellyouaboutit.(come)(__________從句)

3.從句的簡化當(dāng)主句謂語動詞為hope,wish,decide,choose,agree等，且主句與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu),如decidetodosth.。

B.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞為hear,see,watch等感官動詞時，從句常簡化為如seesb.dosth./doingsth.

C.在連接代/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語相一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“wh-+todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。

(追蹤練習(xí))1)HeagreedthathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.2)Iheardthatsomechildrenweresingingsomesongs.16.IfeltreallysorryforwhatI______________.(do)17.Hetoldmethathe_____________________snakesbefore.(nevereat)18.Thesalesmanaskedmewhathe_______________forme.(cando)19.Iaskedhimifheusually_________morningexercises.(do)20.Hesaidhe_________________today,butwehaven’tseenhimyet.(come)二．單項選擇：1.Iheardyourbrother_____________toEngland.A.goesB.hadgoneC.togoD.go2.Hesaidhe_________athomeifit__________.A.wouldstay,rainsB.willstay,rainsC.wouldstay,rainedD.stayed,rained3.A:“Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?”B:Whatdidheask?C:Heaskedme___________thewaytothehospital.A.ifIcantellhimB.whethercouldItellhimC.ifIcouldtellhimD.ifItellhim4.Hetoldmehe__________careofmypetdogwhileIwasaway.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takesD.hastaken5.Wewonder______________.A,whenwillshecomebackB.whenshecomesbackC.whenshewillcomebackD.whendidshecomeback6.Shesaidtomethatthey__________uswiththeworkthenextmorning.A.willhelpB.helpsC.ishelpingD.wouldhelp7.Heaskedmewhat__________Englishfor.A.doIstudyB.didIstudyC.IstudiedD.Iamstudying8.Shetoldmethatshe__________herhomeworkthedaybefore.A.finishesB.finishedC.hasfinishedD.hadfinished9.Theteachertoldus___________lateforschool.