2024屆上海市黃浦區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷

黃浦區(qū)2024年高考模擬考英語試卷（完成試卷時(shí)間：120分鐘總分：140分）2024年4月第I卷（共100分）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1. A.Doctorandpatient. B.Teacherandstudent.C.Policemanandthief. D.Husbandandwife.2. A.Attheairport. B.Atasubwaystation.C.Attheschoolgate. D.Atabusstop. 3. A.Cleaningthesquare. B.Drinkingatoast.C.Movingthetable. D.Takingphotos.4. A.Excited. B.Satisfied. C.Shocked. D.Uninterested.5. A.It’stinyandwarm. B.Itexcitesherwhenevershewalksin. C.It’stoobigforoneperson. D.Itisnotthatsatisfactory.6. A.Hewantedtohaveamoreprofitablecareer.B.Hewasnotfitenoughasabasketballerthen.C.Abasketballcareertypicallydidnotlastlong.D.Itwascommonforbasketballerstochangecareers.7. A.Hermanagersatnexttoheratthemeeting.B.Hermanagerdidn’tpraiseheratthemeeting.C.Themanself-evaluatedhisannualperformance.D.Themandidn’tattendtheevaluationmeetingatall.8. A.Themanfeelsenergeticaftertheinterview.B.Themanregardsthewomanasagoodlistener.C.Thewomanwantstotrysomethingbeyondhercapacity.D.Thewomaniswillingtobeginfromtheentry-levelposition.9. A.Towitnessthedevelopmentofacity. B.Totapherpotentialwell.C.Tocontributenoticeablytoacity. D.Todoresearchonmaterials.10. A.Whichcountriesaresimilar? B.Howtofixthings?C.Howtokeepfit? D.Whoarefacingtheseproblems?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearonelongerconversationandtwoshortpassages.Aftereachconversationorpassage,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Theconversationandthepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through14arebasedonthefollowingconversation.11. A.Healthydiets. B.Goodsleepquality.C.Costefficiency. D.Senseofsafety.12. A.Theyareequippedwithcomputers. B.Theyaretechnology-supported.C.Theycankeepweatherrecords. D.Theyhaveseveralelectricitypanels.13. A.Deliveringfoodtothosewhoneedit.B.Takingfriendsanywhereintheworld.C.Streamingvideosoftheirnewwayoflife.D.Meetingthebasicneedsofpeopleinremoteareas.14. A.Itisacceptable. B.Itisexpensive.C.Itisoutofdate. D.Itisproblematic.Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.15. A.Beinggenerous. B.Listinghouseholdduties.C.Followingtheroommate’sadvice. D.Establishingrules.16. A.Topushhimorhertocleanitnexttime. B.Topreventfriction.C.Togothroughahardtimegracefully. D.Toshowyourkindness.17. A.Doingtimemachineexperimentsisunsafe. B.Nobodycanbeartheloudsoundatlatenight. C.Communicationiskeytolivingtogetherinpeace. D.Itisbettertokeepawkwardexperiencesasasecret.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.18. A.Whyweneedtowritedownourplans. B.Whysometasksorresponsibilitiesmatter. C.Whyitisnecessarytosparetimeforhandwriting. D.Whyweshouldletgoofsomeunimportantthings.19. A.Bemoremotivatedatwork. B.Reconsiderthevalueofatask. C.Fulfillourcommitmenttothecommunity. D.Raiseourawarenessofsocialresponsibility.20. A.Givingthemup. B.Assigningthemtoothers. C.Typingthemdown. D.Addingtotheirmeaningfulness.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WalkingandUsingaPhoneisBadforYourHealthSpendtimeonanycrowdedsidewalkandyou’llseeheadsbentoverandeyescastdownward.Onerecentstudyofcollegestudentsfoundthataquarterofpeoplecrossingintersections__21__(absorb)inadevice.Thatscreeninyourhandisn’tjustdistractingyourattention.Italsochangesyourmood,yourmannerofwalkingandetc.—andaffectsyourabilitytogetfrompointAtopointB__22__runningintotrouble.Whenyouwalkanduseaphoneatthesametime,youautomaticallyadjust__23__youmove.Videofootageofwalkershasshownthatpeopleonphoneswalkabout10percentslowerthanthoseundistractedones.Thesechangescanblocktrafficonthesidewalk.And__24__walkingmakesupabigportionofyourdailyphysicalactivity,walkingmoreslowlymayhaveimpactsforyourfitness.Lookingdownatasmartphonewhilewalkingcanalsoincreasetheamountofforce__25__(place)ontheneckandupperbackmuscles,whichcouldreducebalanceandincreasetheriskoffalls.It’snowwidelyacceptedthatwalkinginnaturalspacesisgoodforyourmentalhealth.Itappearsthat__26__(get)thesebenefits,it’simportantthatyourattentionisontheenvironment,ratherthanonyourphone.Mostofusunderstandthatwalkingandusingaphonecanberisky.Somecities,likeHonolulu,__27__(pass)lawstocontroldistractedwalkers.Butresearchonthosedangershasturnedupsomesurprises.Onestudyhaslookedattheconnectionbetween“phone-relateddistractedwalking”andemergencydepartmentvisits.Usinggovernmentdata__28__(extend)overtheyears2011to2019,theresearchersturnedupnearly30,000walkinginjuriesoccasionedbyphones.Ifyou’redistractedbyaphone,you’redefinitelyputting__29__atsomerisk.Sohowdoyoustaysafe?Ifyoudowalkanduseyourdeviceatthesametime,stopwhenyou’rearoundstairs,crosswalksandmessyorunevenground,__30__accidentsaremorelikelytooccur.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.convincingB.disinformationC.hazardsD.illogicalE.maintainF.previewG.publiclyH.racingI.responseJ.speedK.seeminglyOpenAIUnveilsA.I.thatInstantlyGeneratesEye-PoppingVideosLastApril,aNewYorkstart-upcalledRunwayAIrevealedtechnologythatletpeoplegeneratevideos.Thefour-secondvideoswereshadowyanddisturbing.Buttheywereaclearsignthatartificialintelligencetechnologieswouldgenerateincreasingly__31__videossooner.Just10monthslater,OpenAIhasrevealedasimilarsystem,Sora,thatcreatesvideosthatlookasiftheywereliftedfromaHollywoodmovie.OpenAIisamongthemanycompanies__32__toimprovethiskindofinstantvideogenerator.Thetechnologycould__33__theworkofexperiencedmoviemakers.Itcouldalsobecomeaquickandinexpensivewayofcreatingonline__34__,makingitevenhardertotellwhat’srealontheinternet.Inaninterview,theteambehindthetechnologysaidthecompanywasnotyetreleasingSoratothepublicbecauseitwasstillworkingtounderstandthesystem’s__35__.Theintentionhereistogivea(n)__36__ofwhatislikelytohappensoon,sothatpeoplecanseethecapabilitiesofthistechnology.LikeothergenerativeA.I.technologies,OpenAI’ssystemlearnsbyanalyzingdigitaldata—inthiscase,videosandsubtitlesdescribingwhatthosevideoscontain.OpenAIdeclinedtosayhowmanyvideosthesystemlearnedfromorwheretheycamefrom,excepttosaythetrainingincludedboth__37__availablevideosandvideosthatwerelicensedfromcopyrightholders.Thecompanysayslittleaboutthedatausedtotrainitstechnologies,mostlikelybecauseitwantsto__38__anadvantageovercompetitors.Sorageneratesvideosin__39__toshortdescriptions.Thoughthevideoscanbeimpressive,theymayincludestrangeand__40__images.Thesystem,forexample,recentlygeneratedavideoofsomeoneeatingacookie—butthecookienevergotanysmaller.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.MyfatherdecidedtostartlearningFrenchwhenhewas57.Onthesurface,hisretirementhobbyseemsalittlerandom—ourfamilyhasnoconnectiontoFrench-speakingcountries—buthis__41__randeeperthanapassionforcakes.MygrandmotherdevelopedsignsofAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茲海默癥)inherearly70s,andstudiessuggestthatbeingbilingual,thatis,beingabletospeaktwolanguagesequallywell,can__42__thestartoftheconditionbyuptofiveyears.Drawnbythat__43__benefit,manypeoplehaveattemptedtopickupanewlanguageinadulthood.Lotsofactivitiesarelinkedtobetterbrainhealthinoldage,likegettingmoreeducationwhenyou’reyoungerandphysicalactivity.Expertssayregularlyspeakingmultiplelanguagesmaybeespecially__44__though.“Weuselanguageinallaspectsofdailylife,soabilingualbrainis__45__working,”saidMarkAntoniou,aprofessoratWesternSydneyUniversitywhospecializesinbilingualism.Theageatwhichyoulearnanotherlanguageappearstobelessimportantthanhow__46__youspeakit.Thecognitive(認(rèn)知的)benefitisfromhavingto__47__yourmothertongue,whichyourbrainisforcedtodoifyou’retryingtorecalltherightwordsinanotherlanguage.Soifthesecondlanguageisusedalot,you’regettingthatcognitive__48__.Thatprocessiscalledcognitiveinhibition.Intheory,byimprovingthesetypesofprocesses,thebrainbecomesstrongertothe__49__causedbydiseaseslikedementia.Thestrongeryourmentalpower,thethinkinggoes,thelongeryoucanfunctionnormally,evenifyourbrainhealthstartsto__50__.However,evidenceforthebenefitsoflearningasecondlanguageasahobbyinyour60sis__51__.ResearchbyDr.AntoniouandcolleaguesfoundthatwhileChineseadults60andupimprovedoncognitiontestsafterasix-monthlanguagelearningprogram,peoplewhoplayedgameslikeSudokudidaswell.Twomorerecentstudiesonthetopicfoundvirtuallyno__52__incognitiveperformanceafterpeopletookpartinlanguage-learningprograms.Thescientistswhoconductedthosestudiesofferedafewpotential__53__.Oneisthattheparticipantswerehighlymotivatedvolunteers,whomayhavealreadybeenatpeakperformancefortheirage,makingithardtoseeany__54__.Anotheristhatthelanguageinterventionswereperhapstooshort.Thehandfulofstudieslookingintotheissuehaveusedlanguagelessonsthatwereverydifferentintheir__55__andfrequency.Somestudiestaughtparticipantsforeightmonths,othersforjustoneveryintenseweek.41. A.affection B.contribution C.motivation D.struggle42. A.delay B.prevent C.signal D.stimulate43. A.additional B.educational C.lasting D.potential44. A.beneficial B.common C.impractical D.rare45. A.carelessly B.constantly C.creatively D.delicately46. A.long B.often C.soon D.well47. A.command B.practice C.restrict D.spread48. A.function B.psychology C.system D.training49. A.damages B.operations C.pains D.signs50. A.decline B.improve C.matter D.restore51. A.available B.mounting C.stronger D.weaker52. A.difference B.involvement C.point D.reduction53. A.applications B.explanations C.findings D.suggestions54. A.diversities B.improvements C.outcomes D.possibilities55. A.content B.intention C.length D.requirementSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)Myson,Ben,diedwhenhewas23.Theyearafterhisdeath,Ihiked48ofthestate’stallestmountainsinhismemory.Everystep,pathandpeakhasbeenawaytorestore.Aboutamonthafterhisdeath,myhusbandandIhikedCarterDomeandMountHight,sorrowweighingheavyinourheartsandlegs.Standingonthepeak,Ilookedoutacrossthemountainsmysonloved.Foramoment,theheavyblowbroughtaboutbyBen’sdeathfadedintothetimelessexpanse,andIcouldbreathe.ThenextweekendfoundusonMountMoosilauke.ThenMountCannon,MountFlume,MountLibertyandsoon.Itwasaseriesoffirsts,ofstrugglesandovercomingthem—climbingatnight,climbingslidesandrocks,campingalone,findingpathsandplanningroutes.SixdaysbeforetheanniversaryofBen’sdeath,Ihikedmy48thandfinalpeak:MountCarrigain.AsIstoodontheobservationplatformatthepeak,IfoundtheessentialtruthIhadbeengraspingtoexpressformonths:Theonlyplacethatfeelsvastenoughtoholdsorrowthisdeepandwideisthetopofamountain,lookingoutintoforever.Thesedays,Ihikenottohide,buttoseek.IfindBen,butIalsofindmyself:someonebroken,nowbraverandmorecapable.Theforcedisolationofsorrowbecomesthewelcomelonelinessofthepath;thepeaceofnaturereplacesthepainofloss.Hikingisbothexhaustingandexciting,anditteachesusthatsorrowandjoycancoexist.Butthere’sanother,possiblymoreimportanttruth:Ahikeisnottheonlywaytofindthepeaceofthenaturalworld;asimplewalkalongaparkpathcanhaveasimilareffect.Theinternaljourneyofsorrowmixeswithoursteps,andwefindcomfortalongtheway.56. HowdidthewriterfeelafterclimbingCarterDomeandMountHight?A.Doubtful. B.Relieved. C.Sad. D.Terrified.57. Afterhikingthe48peaks,thewriterlearnedthat__________.A.itwaspossibletolivewithbothsorrowandjoyB.itwastheisolationofsorrowthatexhaustedherC.onlybyovercomingstrugglescouldonesurviveD.thepeakswereproperplacestoremembersomeone58. Whatdoesthewriterimplyinthelastparagraph? A.Walkingworksbestforthoseinsorrow. B.Wecanplanourinternaljourneyasintended. C.Whatcountsistomakepeacewithourselves. D.Peopletendtohikeinparkstoseekcomfort.59. Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheHeavyStepsThatLedMeToPeaks B.TheMountainsThatHeldMySorrowC.TheJourneysThatFrustratedMe D.TheFirstStrugglesThatEmpoweredMe(B)FAQsonpreparingyourApplicationQ:ShouldItargetmyApplicationtoaspecificJobOpening(JO)?A:Yes.Naturally,acustomizedcovernotewillalsohelpyoufocusonthekeyaspectsofyourApplicationthatrelatetotheJO,butitisalsoinyourinteresttotargettheApplicationaccordingtotheresponsibilitiesandcompetenciesoftheposition.Q:What’sthedifferencebetweendutiesandachievements?A:Dutiesdescribethespecificresponsibilitiesofyourjob.Theyaccuratelyreflectwhatyouaredoingorhavedoneineachofyourpreviousjobs.Inotherwords,itisthe“whatyoudo”ofyourjob.Achievementsdescribeinspecificterms“howwell”youdidinyourjob.Q:Manyofmyachievementsareteam-based,howdoIdrafttheminmyApplication?A:Youshouldincludeyourteam-basedachievementsinyourApplication.Indicatethatyouwerepartofateam,anddescribeyourspecificroleinreachingthegoal.FAQsongeneralApplicationguidelinesQ:CanIsavemyApplication?A:Yes.YoushouldsaveyourApplicationwhenyoumakechangesand/orupdateit.ItisrecommendedthatyousavedifferentversionsofyourApplicationinWordformatandthenedittheApplicationonlineaccordingtothepostforwhichyouareapplying.Q:CanIupdatemyApplicationtoapplyforanewJO?A:Yes.EachtimeyouapplyforanewJO,werecommendthatyoureviewyourApplicationandupdateit,ifappropriate,ortargetittobetterreflectyoursuitabilityforthenewJO.YourupdateswillnotaffectthecontentofApplicationspreviouslysubmittedagainstotherJOs.Q:MustIuseupalltheavailablecharactersineachsectionofmyApplication?A:No.Infact,doingsomayresultinanunnecessarylengthyApplication.Unlessyouhaveanenormousrangeofexperiences,thereisnoreasontouseupallthespacegiven.Applicantsareencouragedtolisttheirdutiesandachievementsinaclearandbriefmanner.60. Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsbestshowsyourachievements? A.I’vedevelopedvariousinterests,rangingfromoilpaintingtodesigningmodel. B.I’mgoodatcreatingproposalsfornewproductideasaimedataspecificmarket. C.I’minchargeoftheclearance,productionanddistributionofinformationmaterial. D.Isucceededindirectingavideopresentation,assistingourgrouptowinthefirstprize.61. IfyouwanttoapplyforanotherJO,you’dbetter__________. A.targetyourfocusonyourinterestintheJO B.saveyourlatestapplicationinWordformat C.prepareoneapplicationwithallyourcompetencies D.updateyourapplicationtomatchnewrequirements62. Applicantsareexpectedto__________intheirapplications.A.introducewhatJOstheyhavepreviouslyappliedtoB.listthegreatestachievementstheyhavemadeindetailC.givekeyinformationabouttheirexperiencesandachievementsD.providetheresultsoftheirtests,assessmentsandexaminations(C)Inthepast,jobswereaboutmuscles.Nowthey’reaboutbrains,butinthefuture,they’llbeabouttheheart.–MinoucheShafik,thepresidentofColumbiaUniversityLinkedInresearchersrecentlylookedatwhichskillsanygivenjobrequiresandthenidentifiedover500likelytobeaffectedbygenerativeA.I.technologies.Theythenestimatedthat96percentofasoftwareengineer’scurrentskills—mainlyinprogramminglanguages—caneventuallybepossessedbyA.I.Skillsassociatedwithjobslikelegalassociatesandfinanceofficerswillalsobehighlyexposed.Infact,giventhebroadimpactA.I.issettohave,itisquitelikelytoaffectallofourworktosomedegreeoranother.CirclingaroundthisresearchisthebigquestionemergingacrosssomanyconversationsaboutA.I.andwork,namely:Whatareourcorecapabilitiesashumans?Ifweanswerthisquestionfromaplaceoffearaboutwhat’sleftforpeopleintheageofA.I.,wecanendupadmittingadiminishedviewofhumancapability.Instead,it’scriticalforusalltostartfromaplacethatimagineswhat’spossibleforhumansintheageofA.I.Whenwedothat,wefindourselvesfocusingquicklyonpeopleskillsthatallowustocooperateandinnovateinwaystechnologycanintensifybutneverreplace.ArecentJobsfortheFuturesurveyfoundthat78percentofthe10top-employingoccupationsclassifieduniquelyhumanskillsandtasksas“important”or“veryimportant.”These,commonlyreferredtoassoftskills,includebuildinginterpersonalrelationships,negotiatingbetweenpartiesandguidingandmotivatingteams.Nowisthetimeforleaders,acrossdepartments,todevelopnewwaysforstudentstolearnthataremoredirectlytiedtowhereoureconomyisgoing,notwhereithasbeen.Critically,thatinvolvesbringingthesamelevelofprecisenesstotrainingaroundpeopleskillsthatwehavebroughttotechnicalskills.Ultimately,foroursociety,thiscomesdowntowhetherwebelieveinthepotentialofhumanswithasmuchbeliefaswebelieveinthepotentialofA.I.Ifwedo,itisentirelypossibletobuildaworldofworkthatnotonlyismorehumanbutalsoisaplacewhereallpeoplearevaluedfortheuniqueskillswehave,enablingustodelivernewlevelsofhumanachievementacrosssomanyareasthataffectallofourlives.63. AccordingtoLinkedIn’srecentresearch,__________.A.softengineersarerequiredtoidentify500languagesB.A.I.willreplacehumansinjobsrequiringcertainskillsC.wehumansunderestimatetheimpactA.I.issettohaveD.A.I.technologiesaretoinfluenceresearchtosomedegree64. Whichofthefollowingis“adiminishedviewofhumancapability”(paragraph3)? A.Humansarelosingcontroloftheworld. B.Technologyintensifieshumans’cooperation. C.HumansoutsmartA.Iintermsofcriticalthinking. D.A.I.andhumansaresimilarintheirabilitytoinnovate.65. Leadersindifferentdepartmentsareadvisedto__________. A.teachstudentsuniquetechnicalskills B.developstudents’softskillsfortheirfuture C.remindstudentswhereoureconomyisgoing D.buildhealthyinterpersonalrelationshipswithstudents66. Accordingtothewriter,whatisthecorefactorofhumandevelopment? A.Practicalvaluesetonskills. B.FirmbeliefaboutA.I.technologies. C.DecisiveeffectsbroughtbyA.I. D.Confidenceinourpotential. SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A. Thenumberofvisitorshit100,000forthefirsttimethistouristseason,a40%jumpoverthepreviousrecord.B. TheAntarcticisatrisknotjustbecauseofthebreakabilityofitsenvironment,butduetothelackofasinglegoverningbody.C. Shouldlandingsbemadeatalargernumberofsitesforinstance,orshouldweaimtokeepthehumanfootprintassmallaspossible?D. Ifwhatyoureallywantistoconnectwithsnowandiceandyou’reinthenorthernhalf,canyoucatchatraintothenearestsnowregioninstead?E. Theaverageper-personcarbonemissionsforanAntarctictouristare3.76tonnes–aboutthetotalsumthatanindividualtypicallygeneratesinanentireyear.F. Thereissolittleregulationnowthatalmostanythingthatwillprotecttheareasbyanofficiallegalsourceratherthanself-regulatedwouldbereallypositive.AntarcticTourism:ShouldWeJustSayNo?MorepeoplearevisitingAntarctic,thefrozencontinentthaneverbefore.__67__Thishasbroughtanewurgencytothequestionofhowmuch,ifany,tourismshouldbeallowedontheicycontinent.ThedistancemostvisitorstraveltoreachAntarcticamakescarbonemissionsaseriousproblem.__68__Onestudycalculatedthateachtouristbetween2016and2020waseffectivelymeltingaround83tonnesofsnow,duelargelytoemissionsfromvacationships.__69__TheAntarcticTreaty,establishedin1961toprovidegovernanceforthecontinent,operatesonaconsultativebasis,whichmeansall56partieshavetoagreebeforeachangecanbeputintoaction.Thelastmajordecisionontourismwasameasurepassedin2009thatprohibitsvacationshipscarryingmorethan500passengersfrommakinglandings.Thatregulationhasstillnotofficiallybeencarriedoutasnoteverysignatorycountryhasaccepteditdomestically.Thereisclearagreementthats