適用于新高考新教材備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)教材知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)Unit6Disasterandhope課件外研版必修第三冊(cè)

Unit6

Disasterandhope主題語(yǔ)境:人與自然——自然災(zāi)害及其防范和應(yīng)對(duì)措施

1強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)基自測(cè)2研考點(diǎn)核心突破目錄索引

3測(cè)效果課堂評(píng)價(jià)4研真題鏈接高考1強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)基自測(cè)默寫(xiě)查驗(yàn)一、核心單詞1.

n.災(zāi)難,災(zāi)禍

2.

v.預(yù)測(cè),預(yù)報(bào)n.預(yù)測(cè),預(yù)報(bào)

3.

v.攫取,抓住

4.

v.營(yíng)救,解救n.營(yíng)救,解救

5.

n.緊急情況,不測(cè)事件

6.

v.(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、事故等)奪去(生命)

v.&n.聲稱;認(rèn)領(lǐng);索要,索賠7.

n.危機(jī)

8.

adv.否則,要不然disaster

forecast

grab

rescue

emergencyclaim

crisis

otherwise語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用Ⅰ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Uponarrival,Edmonquicklyjumpedoffthetruckand

(grab)alongthickrope.

2.Itis

(forecast)tobewindyandcoldtomorrow,soyouhadbetterputonacoatbecausewehavetowaitinlineforsometime.

3.Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimberwas

(rescue).

4.Theearthquakehassofar

(claim)over3,000lives.

grabbed

forecast

rescued

claimed默寫(xiě)查驗(yàn)二、派生單詞1.

v.(火山)爆發(fā),噴發(fā)→

n.火山爆發(fā);(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等)爆發(fā)

2.

adj.立即的,立刻的→

adv.即刻,馬上

3.

v.發(fā)生→

n.發(fā)生

4.

vt.宣布;通告→

n.通告,公告→

n.播音員;廣播員

5.

vi.依靠;依賴→

adj.可信賴的,可靠的

6.

n.威脅,可能會(huì)帶來(lái)危險(xiǎn)的人(事)→

v.威脅到,危及→

adj.威脅的

7.

adj.足夠的,充足的→

n.足量,充足

erupteruption

immediateimmediately

occuroccurrence

announceannouncementannouncer

relyreliable

threatthreatenthreatening

sufficientsufficiency語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thechild

toleave,whichwasabig

tohisparents.(threat)

2.Mary

toherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy,whose

oftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspaperthenextweek.(announce)

3.Myfriendisa

person,andyoucancompletely

onitthathewillcometomeetyouontime.(rely)

threatenedthreat

announcedannouncement

reliablerely

4.Assoonasthefloodhitthearea,thecentralgovernmenttook__________

measuresandalargenumberofvolunteersarrivedtoaidthevictims

.(immediate)

5.Thevolcano

in1980.The

hasleftathinveilofdustintheupperatmosphere.(erupt)

immediateimmediately

eruptederuption默寫(xiě)查驗(yàn)三、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.

拿起,拾起;接電話;(偶然)學(xué)會(huì);(開(kāi)車(chē))接人;改善,好轉(zhuǎn)

2.

與……相比

3.

瀏覽,迅速查看

4.

遺漏,不包括

5.

突然,忽然

6.

來(lái)來(lái)回回,上上下下

7.

還沒(méi)有

8.

畢竟,終究

pickup

comparedto/with

lookthrough

leaveoutallofasudden

upanddown

haveyetto

afterall語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用Ⅲ.用左欄所給短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空1.Butthey

convinceeveryone,especiallypeoplelivinginthearea.

2.

,thethiefwalkingbehindayoungandbeautifulwomanseizedherhandbag,rushingintothecrowd.

3.Iclimbed

thestairseverymorningtokeepfit.

4.Ihave

allmypapersbutIstillcan’tfindmynotes.

haveyetto

Allofasudden

upanddown

lookedthrough默寫(xiě)查驗(yàn)四、典型句式1.現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)教材原句:Whenithitthecoast,hugetidalwavescausedsevereflood,costing

the

lives

of

up

to

300,000

citizens.2.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)教材原句:Oneveryhotsummer,thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparked

below!3.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)教材原句:NowwehaveanotherchancetolookupatthestarsofNewOrleans,their

beauty

inspiring

us

and

giving

us

confidence

to

move

on.語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用Ⅳ.微寫(xiě)作1.通過(guò)定期鍛煉,我們會(huì)保持精神煥發(fā),從而提高我們的學(xué)習(xí)效率。Byworkingoutregularly,we’llkeeprefreshed,

.

2.這本書(shū)是用淺顯的英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的,適合初學(xué)者。Thisbook,

,issuitableforbeginners.

3.黛西馬上被放開(kāi)了,孩子們圍過(guò)來(lái)?yè)崦@只寵物,他們的心里充滿了喜悅。Daisywasatoncesetfree,andthechildrengatheredroundandtouchedthepet,

.

thusimprovingourstudyefficiency

writteninsimpleEnglish

theirheartsfilledwithjoy2研考點(diǎn)核心突破核心詞匯突破1.occur

v.(occurred;occurred;occurring)發(fā)生;出現(xiàn);(想法)產(chǎn)生→occurrence

n.出現(xiàn),發(fā)生【練會(huì)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)twasatthecrucialmomentthatanexcellentideaoccurred

me.

②Itoccurredtome

(go)downtowntobuysomesouvenirsafterthemission.

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

totogo【寫(xiě)美】一句多譯·背誦③我突然想到,這只熊可能被我們的大蒜面包的氣味吸引住了?！?/p>

thatthebearmightbeattractedbythesmellofourgarlicbread.(occur)

→

thatthebearmightbeattractedbythesmellofourgarlicbread.(strike)

→

thatthebearmightbeattractedbythesmellofourgarlicbread.(hit)

ItoccurredtomeItstruckmeIthitme歸納

sth

occur(s)

to

sb某人突然想起某事It

occurs

to

sb

that...某人突然想起……It

occurs

to

sb

to

do

sth.某人突然想到要做某事。點(diǎn)津

①occur沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。occur作謂語(yǔ)時(shí),主語(yǔ)不能是人。②表示“某人突然想到……”還常用下列句型:It

strikes

sb

that.../It

hits

sb

that...2.reliable

adj.可信賴的;可依賴的;可靠的→rely

v.依靠;依賴

【練會(huì)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)anypeoplenowwouldrelyon

(surf)theInternetratherthanreadnewspapersfornews.

②Bobbyquicklygainedareputationasa

(rely)andkindhelper.

surfing

reliable

【寫(xiě)美】一句多譯·背誦③你可以相信當(dāng)你在困難時(shí)我會(huì)幫助你。→Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.

→Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.

→Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.

relyonmetohelpyourelyonitthatIwillhelpyourelyonmyhelpingyou歸納

rely

on依賴;依靠;信賴rely

on

sb

to

do

sth指望/相信某人會(huì)做某事rely

on

(doing)

sth依賴/信任/指望(做)某事rely

on

it

that...相信……;指望……點(diǎn)津

當(dāng)depend/rely

on,appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like等詞后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),一般先加形式賓語(yǔ)it,再接賓語(yǔ)從句。3.claim

v.(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、事故等)奪去(生命)

v.&

n.聲稱;認(rèn)領(lǐng);索要,索賠

【練會(huì)】單句語(yǔ)法填空/寫(xiě)出句中claim的詞性和詞義①Thescientistclaimed

(discover)anewkindofmedicine.

②Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller,claiming180,000livesayear.

③Becausetheaccidenthadnotbeenherfault,Barbarawasabletoclaimdamages.

tohavediscoveredv.奪去(生命)v.索要,索賠

【寫(xiě)美】微寫(xiě)作·背誦④據(jù)稱,幽默不僅會(huì)影響患者的情緒,還能幫助他們更快地康復(fù)。

humournotonlyaffectspatients’moods,butalsoithelpsthemrecoverfaster.

Itisclaimedthat歸納

claim

to

do

sth/that...主張做某事/聲稱……claim

to

have

done

sth聲稱做過(guò)某事claim

that...聲稱……It

is

claimed

that...有人主張……;據(jù)說(shuō)……佳句

A

great

many

people

claim

that

health

is

the

key

to

their

sense

of

happiness.許多人聲稱健康是他們幸福感的關(guān)鍵。4.threaten

v.威脅到,危及→threat

n.威脅,可能會(huì)帶來(lái)危險(xiǎn)的人(事)→threatening

adj.威脅的

【練會(huì)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Davidthreatened

(report)hisneighbortothepoliceifhisdamageswerenotpaid.

②Itisanillegalacttothreatenothers

violence.

【寫(xiě)美】微寫(xiě)作·背誦③首先,盡一切努力與全球變暖作斗爭(zhēng),全球變暖已成為對(duì)海洋生物的巨大威脅。(應(yīng)用文之倡議書(shū))First,tryeverymeanstofightagainstglobalwarming,whichhas

.

toreportwith

becomeagreatthreattoseacreatures歸納

(1)threaten

sb

with...用……威脅某人threaten

to

do

sth威脅要做某事threaten

that...威脅……(2)a

threat

to

sb/sth對(duì)某人或某事的威脅佳句

Water

is

one

of

our

most

critical

resources,but

it

is

under

threat

around

the

world.(應(yīng)用文之倡議書(shū))水是我們最重要的資源之一,但它在全世界都受到了威脅。5.keep

on

(doing

sth)

繼續(xù)(做某事)【練會(huì)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Neverkeepon

(exercise)ifyouhaveeventheslightestchestpain.

②Shedidnotbothertokeepup

allthechanges.

【寫(xiě)美】詞匯升級(jí)·背誦③Alwaysrememberthatyoucan’tbetootalkativewhenyouareeating.→Always

youcan’tbetootalkativewhenyouareeating.

exercising

with

keepinmindthat歸納

keep

up堅(jiān)持;維持;沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)keep

up

with趕上;不落在后面keep

away

from

(使)不接近;(使)遠(yuǎn)離keep

in

mind

that記住★補(bǔ)遺缺

微點(diǎn)練全Ⅰ.一詞多義shelterA.v.保護(hù);掩蔽B.n.遮蔽,庇護(hù)C.n.居所;住處D.v.躲避

①Humanbeingsneedfood,clothingandshelter.

②Peopleweredesperatelyseekingshelterfromthegunfire.

③Treesshelterthehousefromthewind.

④You’dmostlikelyspendthedaytryingtofindsomewheretoshelterfromthefreezingcold.

CBADⅡ.教材熟詞生義lap項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義n.

Shenursedthecryingchildonherlap.生義n.

Shewaspassedbyseveralrunnersinthelastlap.(坐著時(shí)的)大腿部(跑道的)一圈重點(diǎn)句型透視1.現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

[教材原句]Whenithitthecoast,hugetidalwavescausedsevereflood,costing

the

lives

of

up

to

300,000

citizens.當(dāng)它襲擊海岸時(shí),巨大的海嘯引發(fā)了嚴(yán)重的洪水,造成了多達(dá)30萬(wàn)市民死亡。【練會(huì)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)jumpedintothehousewithjoy,only

(find)thehouseempty.

②Forthesakeofconvenience,peopleuseplasticintheirdailylife,_________

(leave)alargeamountofwaste.

動(dòng)作+情感描寫(xiě)

為了方便起見(jiàn)

tofindleaving

【寫(xiě)美】句式升級(jí)·背誦③Firstofall,IspeakEnglishfluently.Itallowsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.→Firstofall,IspeakEnglishfluently,________________________________

.(定語(yǔ)從句)

whichallowsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty歸納

(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示意料、情理之中的結(jié)果;(2)動(dòng)詞不定式可以作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),一般放在句子后面,且常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果,常與only,just等詞連用。佳句

Let’s

join

hands

to

make

the

campus

safer,creating

a

peaceful

and

harmonious

environment.(應(yīng)用文之倡議書(shū))讓我們攜起手來(lái),讓校園更安全,創(chuàng)造一個(gè)和平和諧的環(huán)境。2.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)

[教材原句]Oneveryhotsummer,thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparked

below!一個(gè)非常炎熱的夏天,太陽(yáng)光反射過(guò)來(lái),熔化了停在下面的汽車(chē)!【練會(huì)】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thesuggestion

(send)tothecommitteewasadopted.

②Themeeting

(attend)byoverfivethousandpeoplewelcomedthegreathero.

sent

attended

【寫(xiě)美】句式升級(jí)·背誦③Theceremonystartedwithseriesofenergeticshowspresentedbystudentsfromdifferentschoolclubs.→Theceremonystartedwithseriesofenergeticshows

.(定語(yǔ)從句)

whichwerepresentedbystudentsfromdifferentschoolclubs歸納

(1)單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞及由過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),通常置于被修飾詞之前,但修飾代詞時(shí),需要置于被修飾詞之后。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)要后置,放在被修飾詞之后。(2)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,但它比定語(yǔ)從句更簡(jiǎn)短。(3)一些不及物動(dòng)詞也有過(guò)去分詞形式,由于不及物動(dòng)詞不可以直接跟賓語(yǔ),所以不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作的完成,而沒(méi)有被動(dòng)意義。3測(cè)效果課堂評(píng)價(jià)Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空——分層級(jí)強(qiáng)化高頻考點(diǎn)A組

基礎(chǔ)必練1.Fishstocksarealready

threatfromoverfishingandhabitatloss.

2.Theballetschooloffersfreeplacestochildrenwhoare_______________

(exception)talented.

3.Thenewspaper

(forecast)thattheywouldbetotallybeateninthecominggeneralelection.

4.Heartpoundingwildly,hekepton

(run)asfastashecould,andfinallyherecamethechance!

5.Seeingthevolcanic

(erupt)inthedistance,IhadtoadmitIwas

(scare)todeathbythatscene.

under

exceptionally

forecast/forecasted

running

eruptionscared

B組

高考鏈接6.(2023全國(guó)甲卷)IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneed

(immediate)andrightatourfingertips.

7.(2023浙江1月卷)Memorieswiththehummingbird

(occur)tomewhenIwalkedtotheblackberry-linedpath.

8.(2022全國(guó)乙卷)First

(announce)inApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).

9.(2022全國(guó)乙卷)Theycoulddo

(precise)thesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructure.

immediately

occurred

announcedprecisely

10.(2021全國(guó)乙卷)Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonly

theirsmartphones.

onⅡ.語(yǔ)篇填空——語(yǔ)境中應(yīng)用單元要點(diǎn)Thehurricanewas1.

(exceptional)strongyesterday,2.

(cause)significantdamagetopeople’sproperties.It’s3.

(announce)thatanumberoflives4.________________

(claim)bythedisaster.Peoplewhosurvivedthedisasterhadnowheretogo.Drinkingwaterwashardtogetandtherewasnosufficientfood.Thegovernment5.

(immediate)tookactionandsent6.__________

(helicopter)torescuethetrappedpeople.7.

theywouldhavestarvedtodeath.Atmidnight,mosquitoscircledtheshelterandbitpreciselyatpeople’slaps.People’slivesandpropertyarestill8.

threat,becausenooneknowswhetherthehurricanewillstriketheareaagain.

exceptionally

causing

announced

havebeenclaimedimmediately

helicopters

Otherwise

underⅢ.話題微寫(xiě)作——場(chǎng)景中提升寫(xiě)作技能(黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá))應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作——新聞報(bào)道第一步

單句寫(xiě)作1.昨天的颶風(fēng)特別大。(exceptionally)Thehurricane

yesterday.

2.它給人們的財(cái)產(chǎn)造成了嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。(property)It

.

3.據(jù)報(bào)道這次災(zāi)害奪去了一些人的生命。(claim)

anumberoflives

.

wasexceptionallystrong

causedsignificantdamagetopeople’sproperty

It’sannouncedthathavebeenclaimedbythedisaster

4.一些人沒(méi)有地方可去,只能住庇護(hù)所。(nowhere,shelter)Somepeople

but

.

5.他們不僅沒(méi)有飲用水而且也沒(méi)有足夠的食物。(sufficient)Notonlydotheyhavenodrinkingwaterbutalsothey

.

6.我們應(yīng)該立刻營(yíng)救他們。(rescue,immediately)Weshould

.

havenowheretogoliveintheshelter

donothavesufficientfood

rescuethemimmediately第二步

句式升級(jí)7.用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)合并句1和句2Thehurricanewasexceptionallystrongyesterday,causingsignificantdamagetopeople’sproperty.第三步

連句成篇(注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯釉~)Thehurricanewasexceptionallystrongyesterday,causingsignificantdamagetopeople’sproperty.It’sannouncedthatanumberofliveshavebeenclaimedbythedisaster.Somepeoplehavenowheretogobutliveintheshelter.Notonlydotheyhavenodrinkingwaterbutalsotheydonothavesufficientfood.Soweshouldrescuethemimmediately.4研真題鏈接高考(2022新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,閱讀B)——呼吁減少食物浪費(fèi)Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it’smorelike12boxesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon’tthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat,”Curtinsays.一、理清脈絡(luò)

二、真題再做24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.答案

B

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Then

friends

called

with

a

dinner

invitation.I

stuck

the

chicken

in

the

freezer.But

as

days

passed,the

arugula

went

bad.”可知,朋友邀請(qǐng)作者就餐,作者把雞肉放進(jìn)冰柜里,但隨著日子一天天過(guò)去,芝麻菜變壞了。由此猜測(cè),作者提到芝麻菜是為了說(shuō)明有時(shí)我們會(huì)無(wú)意識(shí)地浪費(fèi)食物。故選B項(xiàng)。25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.答案

B

解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“That

makes

food

waste

an

environmental

problem.”和“‘...

it

would

be

the

third

largest

producer

of

greenhouse

gases

in

the

world.’”可知,食物浪費(fèi)會(huì)造成環(huán)境危害。故選B項(xiàng)。26.WhatdoesCurtin’scompanydo?A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.答案

D

解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Curtin

is

CEO

of

DC

Central

Kitchen

in

Washington,D.C.,which

recovers

food

and

turns

it

into

healthy

meals.”可知,該公司回收食物并把它制成更健康的食物。故選D項(xiàng)。27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?A.Buyonlywhatisne