Unit4AdversityandCouragePeriod3Usinglanguage（學(xué)案）-高二英語(yǔ)學(xué)與練（人教選擇性）

選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit4AdversityandCouragePeriod3Usinglanguage001預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)Ⅰ單詞認(rèn)讀關(guān)(先填后記誦)一、基礎(chǔ)詞匯記其形1.

______________

adj.

洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的2.

______________

n.

領(lǐng)航員；（飛機(jī)、船舶等上的）航行者3.

______________

adj.

忠誠(chéng)的；忠實(shí)的4.

______________

生火5.

______________

放出（熱、光、氣味或氣體）6.

______________

n.

承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)1.

rough

adj.

洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的2.

navigator

n.

領(lǐng)航員；（飛機(jī)、船舶等上的）航行者3.

loyal

adj.

忠誠(chéng)的；忠實(shí)的4.

makefire

生火5.

giveoff

放出（熱、光、氣味或氣體）6.

mitment

n.

承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)二、核心詞匯記中變1.roughadj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的；崎嶇的；艱難的；粗魯?shù)摹鷂___________adv.粗略地；大約2.navigatev.導(dǎo)航；航行；航海；橫渡→____________n.領(lǐng)航員；(飛機(jī)、船舶等上的)航行者3.loyaladj.忠誠(chéng)的；忠實(shí)的→____________n.忠誠(chéng)；忠實(shí)4mitvt.犯(錯(cuò)誤、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)承擔(dān)義務(wù)；(使)作出保證→____________adj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的→____________n.承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)1.roughadj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的；崎嶇的；艱難的；粗魯?shù)摹鷕oughlyadv.粗略地；大約2.navigatev.導(dǎo)航；航行；航海；橫渡→navigatorn.領(lǐng)航員；(飛機(jī)、船舶等上的)航行者3.loyaladj.忠誠(chéng)的；忠實(shí)的→loyaltyn.忠誠(chéng)；忠實(shí)4mitvt.犯(錯(cuò)誤、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)承擔(dān)義務(wù)；(使)作出保證→mittedadj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的→mitmentn.承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)閱讀詞匯識(shí)其義1.

motor

______________2.

candidate

______________3.

episode

______________4.

motive

______________5.

Confucianism

______________1.

motor

n.

發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)；馬達(dá)

adj.

有引擎的；機(jī)動(dòng)車的2.candidaten.候選人，應(yīng)試者3.

episode

n.

（人生的）一段經(jīng)歷；（小說(shuō)的）片段；插曲4.

motive

n.

動(dòng)機(jī)；原因；目的5.

Confucianism

n.

孔子學(xué)說(shuō)；儒家（學(xué)說(shuō)）Ⅱ語(yǔ)塊記誦關(guān)(先填后記誦)

1．想象他們面前的危險(xiǎn)2．感到如此孤獨(dú)和絕望3．讓我們高興4．花費(fèi)我們所有的時(shí)間和精力5．釋放出油乎乎的黑煙6．試著使食物多樣化7．經(jīng)常出去8．穿太多衣服9．損害我們的眼睛，灼傷我們的肺10．使我們保持樂(lè)觀11．以一種積極和成功的方式12．關(guān)心我們的家人和朋友答案imaginethedangeraheadofthemfeelsoaloneanddesperatecheerusuptakeallourtimeandenergygiveoffoily,blacksmoketrytovarythemealsgooutsidetoooftenweartoomanyclothesdamageoureyesandburnourlungskeepusoptimisticinapositiveandsuccessfulway12．thecareofourfamilyandfriendsⅢ佳句賞析關(guān)Ifitwerenotforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.要不是有海洋生物，我們都得挨餓。ThiswasanepisodeinmylifethatIwouldneverforget.這是我一生中永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記的一段時(shí)光。Whenwewerefinallyrescued,wefeltsuchreliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.最終獲救時(shí)，我們感到如釋重負(fù)，喜極而泣。002語(yǔ)篇理解Step1Pre-readingCanyoupredictwhathappenednextandwhattheendingofitis?Step2While-readingTask1:ReadandFind(wordsandlexicalchunks)THEREWARDFORPERSEVERANCEWewatched⑴_(tái)_____ShackletonandtheboatsailedawayfromElephantIsland.Itwaseasytoimaginethedangeraheadofthem.Wouldtheyeverreturntofindus?Whatmighthappentothem?Whatiftheyweredelayed?Wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.Butitwasnotforlong.①_______________________________________________(沒(méi)有什么比一頓豐盛的晚餐和一點(diǎn)音樂(lè)更能讓我們振作起來(lái)了).Lifefellintoaregularpattern.Stayingalivetookallourtimeandenergy.⑵___________,weneededwater,andElephantIslandhadnone.Wefoundthatwecouldmelticefromtheoceananddrinkthewaterfromit.Buthowcouldwemakefire?TherewerenotreesgrowingonAntarcticaandnooil,sotheonlyfuelwecouldusewasanimalfat.Thisgaveoffoilyblacksmoke,butitstayedburningeveninstrongwinds.Foodwas⑶_________aproblem,aswedidnotfindanyvegetablesorfruitontheisland.Oneofourgroupmembers,LionelGreenstreet,notedinhisdiaryabouthowboredhewaswiththemeals:“Thefoodnowisprettywellallmeatofseacreatures.”②_____________________________________________________________(要不是有海洋生物，我們都得挨餓).Asachef,itwasmydutytocook,soItriedtovarythemealsinwhateverwayIcould.Butitwasdifficult.Wehadtobecarefulnottogooutsidetoooften,⑷_________thechangingtemperaturescouldmakeusill.Itwasalmostasdangeroustobeetoohotfromwearingtoomanyclothesastobeetoocoldfromwearingtoofew.Thesweatcouldfreezeveryquickly.Manyofusalsobecameillfromtheblacksmokeoftheanimalfatweburntforourfires.Itdamagedoureyesandburntourlungs.Thetwentytwoofuslivedlikethisinthecoldforfourmonths.③________________________________________________________________________________________________________(紀(jì)律和團(tuán)隊(duì)精神使我們保持樂(lè)觀，幫助我們積極、成功地應(yīng)對(duì)恐懼感).We⑸_________celebratedourbirthdays,festivals,andeventhetimeswhenwecaughtaseaanimal.ThiswasanepisodeinmylifethatIwouldneverforget.⑹__________________,wefeltsuchreliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.Wewereatlastfreetogohometowarmbeds,goodfood,andthecareofourfamilyandfriends.④________________________________________________________________________(我們的樂(lè)觀和對(duì)Shackleton的信任讓我們頑強(qiáng)地活了下來(lái)).Andhepaidusbackbyhismitmenttosaveusfromaslowbutpainfuldeath.答案as①TherewasnothinglikeagooddinnerandsomemusictocheerusupForexamplealso②Ifitweren’tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarveas③Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsonapositiveandsuccessfulway.alsoWhenwewerefinallyrescued④OuroptimismandfaithinShackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.Task2:ReadandThinkGoodSentences2.LinkingWords3.SummaryThememoirmainlydescribes__________________________________.答案1.GoodSentencesTherewasnothinglike…Ifitweren’tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsonapositiveandsuccessfulway.OuroptimismandfaithinShackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.2.LinkingWordsthechallengescrewmembersfacedandwhytheywererescuedStep3SummaryThestoryisaboutthe_____________expeditionby_______________tomakethefirstlandcrossingof____________.Afterlookingfor_________crews,theyusedtheship,__________.Duringthejourney,theshipgotstuckandtheyhadtoabandonit.Theycampedon______________,andShackletonleftthemtofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland.Dueto_________________________,spiritofteamwork,_____________and_________ofShackleton,theywerefinallyrescuedandall___________despite________________circumstancesand__________challenges.Expressions:Thestorywritesabout…./describes…Themainideaofthestoryisthat...Ittellsastoryconcernedwith...…19141916,ErnestShackleton,Antarctica,qualified,Endurance,ElephantIsland,perseverance,positiveattitude,reliability,survived,extremelychallenging,mentalStep4WritingWriteaReviewofTheEndurance:Shackleton’sLegendaryAntarcticExpeditionI.WritingTaskInconjunctionofschool’s“ReadingMonth”activity,theWeChatofficialaccountofschool’sEnglishclubishostingawritingpetitionthemed“Let’sRead”.Theparticipantsarerequiredtochooseonebookfromwhatthey’vereadandremendittotheirschoolmatesbasedontheirpersonalreadingexperience.Youarenowinvitedtotakepart.Submittedarticleshouldinclude:1.Introductiontoyourremendedbook(whatittellsusandgiveyouropinionsoncharacters)2.ThereasonsforyourremendationBrainstorm(DiscussandShare)—Whatdoyouthinkofthecharacters(Shackleton,crews...)andtheirrelationship?ShareopinionsonShackletonShackletonisdescribedas______,______,_________________________________,thinkingofothersand_______othersandshowedhis_____________________infaceoftoughchallenges.Evidence(examples):Heis______,whenheallowedtostayontheshipandgaveBlackborrowajob;Heis______,whenheaskedthecrewtocollectessentials;Heis________________________________________,whenhelefthisgoldbehindhimself;Heisthinkingofothersand______others,whenheallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo;Whenhesetofftofindhelp,heshowedhis______________________.kind,calm,unselfishandsetanexamplebyhisownaction,respect,braveryandperseverancekindcalmunselfishandsetanexamplebyhisownactionrespect,braveryandperseverance(2)ShareopinionsoncrewsPersonally,thecrewswereworriedand________abouttheirsituationssometimes,but________________overall.Theytrustand__________eachotherandhaveaspiritof__________.Evidence(examples):InBlackborrow’sdiary,thereweredescriptionsofthe_________________,hisfeelingsandpsychologicaldescriptions,like“ourheartssankwithit”,“theicewillsoonbegintomelt”,“miserableplaces”,“Ifeellow.It’scoldandwindy.Noplants…Nofood”,“asuddencoldrushofair”,“Ishouted…”“…selfishandbadtempered…”.Inthememoir,“wouldtheyeverreturntofindus?...wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.”“ElephantIslandhadnone…notrees…nooil”,“…h(huán)owboredhewaswiththemeals”,“manyofusbecameillfrom…”.Actually,theywere________________________sometimes.Despitethese___________________struggles,Blackborrowstill“trytothinkofhappierthings:decentfood,…”,positively.Also,FrankWild,cheeredhimup,“holdonnow…it’spenguinsouptonight”.They“celebratedourbirthdays,…eventhetimes…”.Theyheld___________attitudeandspiritofcollectivism.desperate,positiveandbrave,encourage,collectivismdangeroussituations,worriedanddesperatephysicalandmental,optimistic(3)ShareopinionsontheirrelationshipTomymind,Shackletonhadagoodrelationshipwithhiscrewwho_________himandknewhewould____________________.Evidence(examples):ThecrewtrustedShackleton,basingonhisactionsandhonesty.He’salwaysthinkingofothersandrespectthecrews,“allowingHusseyto____________tokeeptheirspiritsup”.Also,hehimself“l(fā)efthisgoldbehind”.WhentrappedonElephantIsland,hedidn’tquitandbravely“setofftofindhelp”andkepthis____________tothecrewsthatallshouldsurvivetoreturn.Andhiscrew’smotivewasto_____untilhefoundhelpandrescuedthem.Itwastheiroptimismand_________ofShackletonthathelpedthemallsurvive.trusted,dohisbesttosavethemkeephisbanjo,mitment,last,reliabilityIV.Brainstorm(DiscussandShare)—Wouldyouremendittoothersandwhy?WhatIlikemostaboutthisstoryisthatalthoughtheirexpeditionfailedinachievingitsgoal,itwasnotthedisasteritcouldhavebeen.ThiswasduetoShackleton’s____________ingettinghelpandthecrew’s_______insurvivingforsolong.Myimpressionofthemisvery________astheymusthavestruggledgreatlyinsuchapositionof_________.IfeltveryhappywhenIlearntthat____________________.Expressions：Inmyopinion/Asforme,Ilikethestorybecause...Inaword/Allinall,thisstoryiswellworthreading/veryinstructive/amustread…perseverance,bravery,positive,adversity,thewholecrewsurvived2.SampleWritingAReviewofTheEndurance:Shackleton’sLegendaryAntarcticExpeditionTheEndurance:Shackleton’sLegendaryAntarcticExpeditionwrittenbyCarolineAlexandertellsusastoryaboutanexpeditiontoAntarcticain19141916ledbyShackletonwithhiscrewsonEndurance.Duringthejourney,theshipwasstuckandtheyweretrappedonElephantIsland.__________,theydidn’tquit.Shackletonlefttofindhelpwhileotherssurvivedtoughchallengesuntiltheywererescued.__________theirperseverance,discipline,teamwork,__________andtrusteachother,allofthemsurvivedandcreateda__________.Whentheyweretrappedandhadtocampontheice,theyhadtofacetheextreme_______________aswellasadangerousenvironmentandwithlimitedsupplies.Allofthisaddedtothe__________challenge,sotheyhadtomaintaina________stateofmind.Shackleton’s_________wastorescueallofthemfromdangerandthecrew’swastokeepuntilhereturnedtohelp.Theyreachedtheirgoalsuccessfullyinthisway.Shackletonisdescribedascalm,brave,kind,thinkingofothersandrespectothersandshowedhisbraveryandperseveranceinfaceofphysicalandmentalchallenges._________thecrewswereworriedanddesperateabouttheirsituationssometimes,theywere________________overall.Theytrustandencourageeachotherandhaveaspiritofcollectivism._______,Shackletonhadagoodrelationshipwithhiscrewwhohadfaithinhimandknewhewould___________________tosavethemfromdeath.Whatimpressesmemostisthelessonthestoryconveys:never_______nomatterhowtoughthesituationswere.JustlikeSamuelJohnsonsays,“______________________________________________________”O(jiān)nlythosewhoshowedgreatperseverance,positivity,andcourageto________________canachievealotandneverbedefeated.Sointhisaspect,thoughtheexpeditionfailedinachievingitsgoal,thespirititshowsstrikesallofusandwecallit“________________”.ThisiswhyIstronglyremendit.However,Owingto,optimism,wonderweatherandcold,mental,positive,motiveThough,positiveandbrave,Besides,keephismitmentgiveup,Greatworksareperformednotbystrength,butperseverance.,faceanyadversity,asuccessfulfailureStep4HomeworkRecitethesamplewritingandwriteyourownessayaboutthestory.003語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)Part1核心詞匯1.reliefn.(焦慮、痛苦的)減輕或消除；(不快過(guò)后的)寬慰、輕松或解脫Whenwewerefinallyrescued，wefeltsuchreliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.當(dāng)我們終于獲救時(shí)，我們感到如釋重負(fù)，喜極而泣?！居梅w納】withrelief寬慰地toone’srelief令某人感到欣慰的是Itis/wasarelieftodosth做某事是一種解脫【學(xué)以致用】①_______________，heryoungerbrotherrecoveredquicklyafteroperation.讓她感到欣慰的是，她弟弟手術(shù)后恢復(fù)得很快。②HearingmysonhadbeenadmittedbyTsinghuaUniversity，Ismiled_______relief.聽說(shuō)我的兒子被清華大學(xué)錄取了，我如釋重負(fù)地笑了。③______isagreatrelieftoknowyouareoutofdanger.知道你已脫離危險(xiǎn)，真是一大寬慰。④EverytimeIencounterwhetherclassicalmusicorjazz，_______________________arisesspontaneously，makingmybodyrefreshandofferingthecouragetokeepon.每當(dāng)我遇到古典音樂(lè)或爵士樂(lè)，一種娛樂(lè)和放松的感覺(jué)就會(huì)油然而生，讓我的身體煥然一新，給我堅(jiān)持下去的勇氣。答案Toherrelief,with,It,asenseofentertainmentandrelief2mitmentn.承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)Andhepaidusbackbyhismitmenttosaveusfromaslowbutpainfuldeath.他回報(bào)了我們，他承諾要把我們從緩慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救出來(lái)?！居梅w納】makeamitment(todosth)做出承諾(做某事)mitvt.犯罪；做錯(cuò)事；保證，承諾mitanerror/acrime/suicide做錯(cuò)事/犯罪/自殺mitoneselfto(doing)sth專心致志于；承諾/保證(做)某事mittedadj.盡心盡力的；盡責(zé)的；效忠的；堅(jiān)定的bemittedto(doing)sth承諾/全身心地投入(做)某事【學(xué)以致用】①Hedidn’t__________himselftoanythingonthatmatter.他沒(méi)有對(duì)那件事做出任何承諾。②IfeltIdidnothavetomakesucha___________(mit)tothem.我覺(jué)得我沒(méi)有必要對(duì)他們做出這樣的承諾。③Thegovernmentismittedtogreatly____________(develop)educationinthecountry.政府決心要大力發(fā)展本國(guó)的教育事業(yè)。④Asformymajor，IwillchooseMedicine，which，Iknow，is___________________________andadecisionthatshouldn’tbetakenlightly.至于我的專業(yè)，我將選擇醫(yī)學(xué)，我知道，這是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的承諾，一個(gè)不應(yīng)該輕易做出的決定。答案mit,mitment,developing,alongtermmitment3.giveoff發(fā)出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)Thisgaveoffoily，blacksmoke，butitstayedburningeveninstrongwinds.這釋放出油乎乎的黑煙，但即使在強(qiáng)風(fēng)中它仍在燃燒?！居梅w納】giveup戒除；放棄；讓出givein(to...)(向……)屈服；投降；讓步；提出；遞交giveaway不小心透露；贈(zèng)送，免費(fèi)給予giveout分配；分發(fā)；(食物、燃料、力氣等)用光；精疲力竭【學(xué)以致用】①Themachinecan__________light.這臺(tái)機(jī)器會(huì)發(fā)光。②Theargumentwentonforhoursbecauseneithersidewouldgive_______.因?yàn)殡p方都不肯讓步，爭(zhēng)論持續(xù)了幾個(gè)小時(shí)。③Therewerepeopleattheentrancegiving_______leaflets.有人在入口處分發(fā)傳單。④Iwasafraidthekidswouldgivethewholething________.我恐怕孩子們會(huì)把這整件事說(shuō)出去。⑤___________________________andconvincedthemtoacceptmysuggestion，whichturnedouttobeaneffectiveone.我沒(méi)有放棄我的意見，并說(shuō)服他們接受了我的建議，結(jié)果是一個(gè)有效的建議。答案giveoff,in,out,away,Ididn’tgiveupmyopinionPart2核心句型1.Whatiftheyweredelayed?如果他們被耽擱了怎么辦？【句式分析】Whatif...？常用來(lái)提出假設(shè)、建議、邀請(qǐng)、要求等，意為“倘若……將會(huì)怎樣？”“如果……將會(huì)怎樣？”后面經(jīng)常跟一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，有時(shí)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境也可以跟虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Howe？怎么會(huì)這樣？怎么搞的？Whatfor？為了什么目的？為何目的？Sowhat？那又怎樣？What’sup？怎么了？發(fā)生什么事了？【學(xué)以致用】①____________shefindsoutthatyou’velostherbook?如果她發(fā)現(xiàn)你把她的書丟了怎么辦？②—Susanisabsentfromtoday’swritingclass.—____________?AsfarasIknow，shehasnevermissedaclass.——蘇珊缺席了今天的寫作課?！趺磿?huì)這樣？據(jù)我所知，她從未缺課。③—Tommissedtheearlybusthismorningandmissedtheexam.—____________?Hefailedtheexamanyway.——湯姆今天早上錯(cuò)過(guò)了早班車，誤了考試?！怯衷趺礃?？反正他也考不及格。答案Whatif,Howe,Sowhat2.Ifitweren’tforseaanimals，wewouldallstarve.如果沒(méi)有海洋動(dòng)物，我們都會(huì)餓死?！揪涫椒治觥烤渲惺褂昧颂摂M條件句。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中的用法虛擬情況從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反一般過(guò)去時(shí)(be用were)would/should/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反過(guò)去完成時(shí)would/should/could/might＋have＋過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反一般過(guò)去時(shí)(be用were)/should＋動(dòng)詞原形/wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形would/should/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形【名師提醒】在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有were/should/had時(shí)，可以省略if，把它們提到主語(yǔ)前面，條件從句變?yōu)椴糠值寡b句?！緦W(xué)以致用】①Ifitshouldrain/weretorain/rainedtomorrow，we______________putoffthesportsmeeting.如果明天下雨的話，我們就得推遲運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。(與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反)②Ifyouhadgotupearlier，you_______________(catch)thetrain.如果你早點(diǎn)起床，你就會(huì)趕上火車了。(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)③Ifmybrother_______(be)here，everythingwouldbeallright.要是我哥哥在這兒，一切就都沒(méi)問(wèn)題了。(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)④WereIatschoolagain，I____________(study)harder.如果我可以再上學(xué)，我會(huì)更努力地學(xué)習(xí)。答案wouldhaveto,wouldhavecaught,were,wouldstudy3.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsinapositiveandsuccessfulway.我們的紀(jì)律和團(tuán)隊(duì)精神使我們保持樂(lè)觀，并幫助我們以積極和成功的方式處理我們的恐懼?！揪涫椒治觥縦eep常跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成“keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋補(bǔ)語(yǔ)”形式。用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常見的詞有現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、形容詞、副詞以及介詞短語(yǔ)。【學(xué)以致用】①Shekeptthechildren__________(amuse)forhours.她陪孩子們玩了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。②Healwayskeepshisbooks_____goodorder.他總是把書放得整整齊齊。③Thequestionkeptme__________(wonder)fortherestofthenight.這個(gè)問(wèn)題讓我整晚都在想。④Howtoprotectoureyes?It’snotrighttokeepyoureyes_____________________.如何保護(hù)我們的眼睛？讓你的眼睛長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作是不對(duì)的。答案amused,in,wondering,workingforalongtime004隨堂小練Part1動(dòng)詞的形式變化和詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1..Hemittedhimselftoworkingdayandnight.Hismitmentwonhimagreatreputation.(mit)2.Ittookthecityroughly(rough)2weekstorestorethegardentoitsformerbeauty.3.Thefactisthatthenewtoygives_________aterriblesmell.4.youwillreachyourfinalgoalunderthe___________(guide)ofthewiseman.5.whenthegirlsawadog_________(bark)there,shedaren’tentertheyard.6.thisisanewinventionthatwillhaveawiderangeof__________(apply)inindustry.7.theworkhadn’tbeendonevery__________(thorough),whichmadehimangry.8.theywereagroupofearly___________(navigator).mitment,roughly,off,guidance,barking,applications,thoroughly,navigatorsPart2課文語(yǔ)法填空THEREWARDFORPERSEVERANCEWewatchedasShackletonandtheboatsailedawayfromElephantIsland.__________waseasytoimaginethedangeraheadofthem.Wouldtheyeverreturntofindus?Whatmighthappentothem?Whatiftheyweredelayed?Wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.Butitwasnotforlong.Therewasnothinglikeagooddinnerandsomemusictocheerusup.Lifefellintoaregularpattern.__________(stay)alivetookallourtimeandenergy.Forexample,weneededwater,andElephantIslandhadnone.Wefoundthatwecouldmelticefromtheoceananddrinkthewaterfromit.Buthowcouldwemakefire?Therewerenotrees__________(grow)onAntarcticaandnooil,sotheonlyfuelwecouldusewasanimalfat.Thisgaveoffoily,blacksmoke,butitstayed__________(burn)eveninstrongwinds.Foodwasalsoaproblem,aswedidnotfindanyvegetables__________fruitontheisland.Oneofourgroupmembers,LionelGreenstreet,notedinhisdiaryabouthowboredhewaswiththemeals:“Thefoodnowisprettywellallmeatofseacreatures.”Ifit__________(be)notforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.Asachef,itwasmydutytocook,soItriedtovarythemeals__________whateverwayIcould.Butitwasdifficult.Wehadtobecarefulnottogooutsidetoooften,asthe__________(change)temperaturescouldmakeusill.Itwasalmost__________dangeroustobeetoohotfromwearingtoomanyclothesastobeetoocoldfromwearingtoofew.Thesweatcouldfreezeveryquickly.Manyofusalsobecameillfromtheblacksmokeoftheanimalfatweburntforourfires.__________damagedoureyesandburntourlungs.Thetwentytwoofuslivedlikethisinthecoldforfourmonths.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptus__________(optimist)andhelpedusdealwithourfearsinapositiveandsuccessfulway.Wealsocelebratedourbirthdays,festivals,andeventhetimes__________wecaughtaseaanimal.ThiswasanepisodeinmylifethatIwouldneverforget.Whenwewerefinallyrescued,wefelt__________reliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.Wewereatlastfreetogohometowarmbeds,goodfood,__________thecareofourfamilyandfriends.Ouroptimismandfaith__________Shackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.Andhepaidusbackbyhis__________(mit)tosaveusfromaslowbutpainfuldeath.It,Staying,growing,burning,or,were,in,changing,as,It,optimistic,when,such,and,in,mitment005培優(yōu)提升一、閱讀理解AHelenThayer,oneofthegreatestexplorersofthe20thcentury,loveschallenges.Shesays,“Iliketoseewhat’sontheothersideofthehill.”Shehasgonealmosteverywheretodothat.In1988,attheageof50,shebecamethefirstwomantotravelalonetotheNorthPole.Shepulledherownsledpiledwith160poundsofsupplies,andduringhertripnoonebroughtherfreshsupplies.AcpaniedonlybyherdogCharlie,shesurvivedcoldweatherandmeetingswithpolarbears.Infact,Charliesavedherlifewhenoneofthemattackedher.Neartheendofhertrip,aforcefulwindblewawaythemajorityofhersupplies.Thelastweekofthetrip,shesurvivedonahandfulofnutsandalittlewatereachday.Helengoestochallengingplacesnotonlyforadventure,butalsoforeducation.BeforeherArcticjourney,shestartedawebsitecalledAdventureClassroom.Onthesite,shesharesheradventuresinordertomotivate(激發(fā))students.Sheexplains,“Althoughkidsoftenseetheworldinanegativeway,withouthopefortheirfuture,weworktoinspirethemtosetgoals,planforsuccessandnevergiveup.”HelengrewupinNewZealand.Herparentswereathletesandmountainclimbers.Followingherparents’example,sheclimbedherfirstmountainat9.Later,sheclimbedthehighestmountainsinNorthandSouthAmerica,theformerUSSRandNewZealand.In1996,shetookonanotherchallenge—theSaharaDesert.Sheandherhusband,Bill,walked2,400milesacrossit!In2001,sheandBilltraveledonfootfromwesttoeastthroughtheGobiDesertinMongolia.TheyhopetotraveltoSichuanandTibetinChinatostudypandasthisyear.Helenplanstocontinuetakingtrips.She’lluseherexplorations,writing,photographyandenvironmentalworktocreateprogramsforherAdventureClassroomwebsite.Shewantstoinspireherstudentsnevertostopfacingchallenges!1．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．HelenThayeristhefirstpersontoreachtheNorthPole.B．HelenThayeratenothingduringthelastweekofhertrip.C．CharliepreventedHelenfrombeingattackedbyapolarbear.D．HelenThayertraveledtotheNorthPoletogetherwithherhusband.2．WhydoesHelentraveltodifferentplacesworldwide?A．Foreducation. B．Forfun. C．Formoney. D．Forfame.3．WhichofthefollowingplaceshasHelennotvisitedyet?A．TheNorthPole. B．TheSaharaDesert.C．TheGobiDesert. D．SichuanandTibet.4．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheOwnerofAdventureClassroom B．AFamousWomanC．AWomanMountainClimber D．AWomanWhoLovesAdventure【答案】1．C2．A3．D4．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了HelenThayer喜愛(ài)挑戰(zhàn)，并且進(jìn)行了許多探險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AcpaniedonlybyherdogCharlie,shesurvivedcoldweatherandmeetingswithpolarbears.Infact,Charliesavedherlifewhenoneofthemattackedher.(在她的狗查理的陪伴下，她度過(guò)了寒冷的天氣和與北極熊的相遇。事實(shí)上，查理在一只熊襲擊她時(shí)救了她的命)”可推知，她的狗查理阻止了海倫被北極熊襲擊。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Helengoestochallengingplacesnotonlyforadventure,butalsoforeducation.(海倫去充滿挑戰(zhàn)的地方不僅是為了冒險(xiǎn)，也是為了接受教育)”可知，海倫在世界各地旅行不僅是為了探險(xiǎn)，而且是為了教育。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In1988,attheageof50,shebecamethefirstwomantotravelalonetotheNorthPole.(1988年，50歲的她成為第一位獨(dú)自前往北極的女性)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“In1996,shetookonanotherchallenge—theSaharaDesert.Sheandherhusband,Bill,walked2,400milesacrossit!In2001,sheandBilltraveledonfootfromwesttoeastthroughtheGobiDesertinMongolia.TheyhopetotraveltoSichuanandTibetinChinatostudypandasthisyear.(1996年，她接受了另一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)——撒哈拉沙漠。她和她的丈夫比爾走過(guò)了2400英里的長(zhǎng)城！2001年，她和比爾徒步從西向東穿越蒙古戈壁沙漠。他們希望今年能去中國(guó)的四川和西藏研究大熊貓)”可知，四川和西藏她沒(méi)去過(guò)。故選D。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“HelenThayer,oneofthegreatestexplorersofthe20thcentury,loveschallenges.Shesays,“Iliketoseewhat’sontheothersideofthehill.”Shehasgonealmosteverywheretodothat.(海倫·塞耶是20世紀(jì)最偉大的探險(xiǎn)家之一，她喜歡挑戰(zhàn)。她說(shuō)：“我想看看山的另一邊是什么?！彼龓缀醯竭^(guò)所有地方去做這件事)”結(jié)合文章講述了HelenThayer喜愛(ài)挑戰(zhàn)，并且進(jìn)行了許多探險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的女人”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。BIn1880,fourteenyearoldMatthewHensonlovedtohearsailorstelltalesoftheirexcitinglivesatsea.Thetravel,theadventure,thedanger,andthesteadypaywereallattractivetoyoungHenson.Onedayhemadeuphismind.Baltimorewasthenearestlargeseaport.Thenextmorninghesetoutonthefortymilejourneytoseekworkonasailingship.InBaltimore,HensonfoundajobasacabinboyonabeautifulshipcalledtheKatieHinds.Forthenextfiveyears,Hensonsailedaroundtheworld.BythetimehelefttheKatieHindsin1885,Hensonwaswelleducatedandhadbeeanexcellentseaman.Unabletofindworkanywhereelse,HensontookajobinahatshopinWashington,D．C．Onedayin1887,amancameintobuyahat.Theman,LieutenantRobertPeary,askedtheownerifheknewanyonewithexperienceatsea.PearywouldsoontraveltoSouthAmericafortheU.S.government.Heneededexperiencedmentoacpanyhim.Theshopownerknewabouthisyoungemployee’sskillsandexperienceonoceanvoyages,soheintroducedPearytoHenson.HensonandPearysoonfoundtheyhadagreatdealinmon,includingtheirloveofthesea.Usinghismapreadingandsailingskills,Hensonprovedhimselftobeaworthyandintelligentseaman.OnedayPearytoldHensonabouthisrealdream:tobethefirstmantostandon“thetopoftheworld”attheNorthPole.HeaskedHensontohelphimmakehisdreametrue.Overthenextfiveyears,thetwoexplorersmadetwotripstogethertotheArctic.However,theywerenotabletoreachthepoleeithertime.In1908,PearyandHensonwerereadytomaketheirfinalattemptatreachingtheNorthPole.Bothmenwereoverfortyyearsold.Theyearsofhardshipandsufferinginthearcticcoldhadtakentheirtollonbothmen.Thiswouldbetheirlastchance.InApril1909,Henson’sinstrumentsshowedtheywerestandingattheNorthPole.TogetherHensonandPearyplantedtheAmericanflaginthesnow.Inlateryears,RobertPearyandHensonweregreatlyhonoredfortheirachievement.Today,thetwofriendsandfellowexplorerslieinheroes’gravesnotfarapartintheArlingtonNationalCemetery.5．WhatcanweknowaboutHensonfromParagraph1?A．Hewashighlyeducated. B．Hewasskilledinsailing.C．Heusedtotravelatsea. D．Hewasinterestedinseaexploring.6．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlystate?A．WhyMatthewHensonwenttothehatshop.B．HowMatthewHensonmetRobertPeary.C．WhyMatthewHensonstoppedworkingontheKatieHinds.D．How