高考英語一輪復習代詞講義

第五節(jié)代詞〔真題演練〕1.[2022全國乙]TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled（揭幕）attheceremony，openingits（it）firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.2.[2021全國新高考Ⅰ]Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesinmine（I）.3.[2021全國乙]Ecotourismhasits（it）originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.[必備知識]代詞可以代替名詞或起名詞作用的短語、分句或句子。代詞可分為九類：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞、連接代詞、關系代詞和相互代詞。一、人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞類別功能第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主格作主語Iweyouyouhesheitthey賓格作賓語meusyouyouhimheritthem物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞作定語myouryouryourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞作主語、賓語或表語mineoursyoursyourshishers/theirs反身代詞作賓語、表語或同位語myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves特別提醒人稱代詞的主格多作句子主語；賓格用在及物動詞或介詞后作賓語。在口語中，常用人稱代詞的賓格作表語。特別注意：人稱代詞指代的數(shù)前后要一致形容詞性物主代詞用作限定詞，在句中只能作名詞或動名詞的前置定語，不能單獨使用。名詞性物主代詞相當于“形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞”，可單獨作主語、表語或賓語，也可與of連用作后置定語，但不能單獨作定語二、不定代詞each指“（兩個或兩個以上的人或物中）每個”，可與of搭配all/bothboth表示“兩者都”；all指“（三個或三個以上的人或物）所有，全部”either/neithereither表示“（兩者中的）任何一個”；neither表示“兩者都不”none/nothing/noone/nobodynone指人或物，表特指，表示“（三者或三者以上中）無一個，沒有一點”，可與of連用；nothing指物，表泛指，表示“沒有任何東西，沒有事”，不與of連用;noone/nobody指人，表泛指，不與of連用another表示不定數(shù)目中的“另一個”other/othersother泛指“另外一些”，常與可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)連用；others泛指“其余的人或物”，相當于“other+復數(shù)名詞”theother/theotherstheother特指“（兩者之中的）另一個”；theothers=theother+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)few/afewfew表示“很少（人/事物）”,afew表示“有些（人/事物）；一些”，修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)little/alittlelittle表示“不多的”,alittle表示“少量的，一些”，修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞many/muchmany表示“許多”，修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)；much表示“許多”，修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞不定代詞用于習慣搭配中nothingbut只有；只不過somethingof有幾分；略微orsomething諸如此類的人或物everyotherday每隔一天eachother（兩者）相互oneanother（三者或三者以上）相互one...another...（三者或三者以上）一個……另一個……one...theother...（兩者中）一個……另一個……some...others...一些……另一些……三、it的用法指代前面所提到過的事物、想法等，也可指代不清楚或沒必要知道性別的說話對象。還可以指代時間、地點、距離、天氣、季節(jié)等Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincreaseit.由于當?shù)卣μ岣呔蜆I(yè)率，大城市的就業(yè)率不斷上升。it作形式主語①It＋is＋adj.＋for/ofsb.＋todo...②Itisnogood/usedoingsth.③It’s（well）worthdoing④It＋is＋名詞詞組（apity/afact/nowonder...）＋that從句⑤It＋seems/appears/turnsout/occurstosb./...＋that從句⑥It＋is＋過去分詞＋that從句⑦Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.it作形式賓語①主語＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/...＋it＋adj.＋（for/ofsb.）todo/that從句②主語＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/...＋it＋nouse/nogood/awasteoftime/money/energy/...＋doing...含有it的?？季湫蛅akeitforgrantedthat...認為……是理所當然的assomeoneputsit正如某人所說Whenitesto...當涉及/談到……It’s（high）timethatsb.shoulddo/didsth.是某人該做某事的時候了。It’sthefirst/second/...timethatsb.have/hasdonesth.這是某人第一/二/……次做某事。Itis/hasbeen...since...自從……多久了。Itwillbe/was...before...要過/過了多長時間才……Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who...（強調(diào)句型）〔技巧點撥〕典例1Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reuseisisanother.典例2Surprisingly,Susan’sbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmadeitself（it）almostanovercoatforher.典例3Newtechnologieshavemadeitpossiblepossibletoturnoutnewproductsfasterandatalowercost.〔分層特訓〕Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.[2022廣東廣州天河區(qū)綜合測試三]Then,Itookaplasticbottleandfilleditwithmilk.2.[2022河北衡水中學高考押題卷]Wheninterviewedlastweek,BostonUniversityprofessorofpsychologicalandbrainsciencesDonnaPincustoldHuffPostthatthereis“astressreliefthatpeoplegetfromawaytoexpressthemselves（them）.”3.[2022福建南平市高級中學月考]Itisbelievedthatwashingjeanslessoftencouldhelpreducethepollutioneffectively.4.Itindicatedthat,ratherthanaddingextraclassroomtime,“schoolsmayfindfinditmoreproductivetoconsidercarefullytherangeandqualityofactivitiesprovided”.5.[2022江蘇徐州高三期中抽測]AdramaseriesnamedMedaloftheRepublichasappealedtoalargeaudienceonChinesesocialmediainthelastfewweeks.IttellsheartwarmingstoriesaboutthefirstgroupofeightChinesepeoplewhowereawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic.6.[2021浙江6月]Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionofherself（she），everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.7.Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgiveitatry.8.Hopefully,thehandsometurnoverwillbeusedappropriatelytobetterprotecttheForbiddenCityandimproveits（it）internationalimageofbeingpartoftheworld’sculturalheritage.9.InthedeafcultureofNorthAmerica,manylistenersshowapplausenotbyclappingtheirhandsbutbywavingthem（they）intheair.10.SaintPatrick’sDayisamajorholidayinIreland,buttherestoftheworldhasinfluenceditscelebrationasmuchastheIrishthemselves（they）.Ⅱ.語法填空[2022廣東六校高三第六次聯(lián)考]Chinahasformallymadean1announce（announce）ofitsfirstfivenationalparksof230,000squarekilometersfromTibettoHainan,focusingonpreservationofitsmostvaluablebioresources.TheGiantPandaNationalParkwillsurelybe2ahitwiththeswelloftouristswhoeyearlyforsomeoftheworld’scutestanimals.3Covering（cover）threeprovinces（Sichuan,ShaanxiandGansu）,theregionisthepanda’snaturalhabitat.Theintersection（交點）ofJilinandHeilongjiangprovincesishometotheNortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalPark,which4hasset（set）outtoprotectthehabitatsofthosetwospeciessinceitsstart.Itistheuniquearea5wherelivebothwildSiberiantigersandAmurleopards.China’sbestpreservedrainforestisinHainan,theonlyplaceintheworld6tofind（find）