高考英語寫作之定語和定語從句的運(yùn)用講義

高考英語寫作——定語和定語從句一、什么是定語定語就是修飾名（代）詞的成分。二、定語的成分1.形容詞作定語Sheisreallyagracefullady.Aninnocentgirlislookingatyouwhenyouarehavingdinner.2.名詞作定語Hedroppedthecoffeecupandbrokeit.他把咖啡杯打碎了。Thepolicemanconductedussafelytotherailwaystation.警察把我們安全地護(hù)送到火車站。3.介詞短語作定語Thenightingaleoutofthewindowheardthesighsoftheyoungman.窗外的夜鶯聽到了年經(jīng)人的感嘆。Ineverfallinlovewiththeboyinfrontofme.我從來都不會愛上我前面的那個男生。4.分詞、不定式（非謂語）作定語Intheend,thesingingnightingalediedbecauseoflove.唱歌的夜鶯最終因愛死了。Theinnocentnightingalemustlovethestudentdeceivedbythegirl.單純的夜鶯一定愛那個被女孩欺騙的學(xué)生。5.從句作定語Therosewhichthebirdexchangedwithherlifefailedtohelptheman.鳥兒用生命換來的玫瑰花并沒有幫助到那個人。Thegirlwholookssoinnocentisactuallyacheater.那個看起來很單純的女孩事實(shí)上是個騙子。三、定語的位置前小后大——當(dāng)一個單詞修飾名詞時，通常放在名詞前面：當(dāng)兩個以上的單詞修飾名詞時，通常放在名詞的后面。但是，注意過去分詞作定語時，即使是一個單詞也通常放在名詞后。比如：他是一個被拋棄的男人。Heisamanabandoned.四、定語在寫作中的使用1.每當(dāng)出現(xiàn)名詞都可以試圖加定語成分，把句子拉長并且使語言生動比如：①養(yǎng)寵物可以緩解孤獨(dú)感。Keepingpetscanreduceloneliness.加上定語的效果是：Keepingpetswhichlooksocuteandlovelycanreducelonelinessofsomeoldcitizensamchildrenwhostayathomealone.②盲目追星會浪費(fèi)時間。Pursuingstarsblindlywillwastetime.加上定語的效果是：Pursuingstarslookingsohandsomeorbeautifulblindlywillwastetimeofyoungmenwhoshouldspendmoretimeandenergyontheirstudies.作文中只要見到名詞就試圖給它加定語，第一段描述圖畫,時通常都要加定語，這樣可以使語言更生動。2.使用非限制性定語從句，補(bǔ)充說明前面的內(nèi)容1)...whichhasbeenwidelyacceptedbythepublic.2)...whichleavesreadersquiteadeepimpression.3)...whichhasprovokedthepublic'swidespreadattention.4)...whichmighthavebroughtusunexpectedtrouble.5)...whichmaygiverisetoevenmoredreadfulconsequences.CulturalexchangemayleadChinesetoamorebrilliantfuture,whichhasbeenwidelyacceptedbythepublic.Parentshavespentyearsofenergyandtimebringingtheirkidsup,whichleavesreadersquiteadeepimpression.本句型推薦用在第二段某個比較短的原因的后面，補(bǔ)充前面內(nèi)容，并且拉長句子。課后練習(xí)1.外表看起來非常邋遢的他其實(shí)內(nèi)心很高尚。___________________________________________________________2.人生最大的精神財(cái)富是笑容、優(yōu)雅、自信，擁有了它們你就擁有了一切。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.《孤兒》是我看過的最恐怖的一部電影。___________________________________________________________4.繼父經(jīng)常在假期里帶她出國旅游，這讓她的朋友羨慕不已。___________________________________________________________5.足球是一項(xiàng)培養(yǎng)孩子跟別人合作的團(tuán)隊(duì)活動。___________________________________________________________6.這個世界上，沒有一個人可以讓你一直依靠，路需要自己走。___________________________________________________________7.曾經(jīng)全力以赴實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想的人即使最終沒有成功也不會感到遺憾，這很重要。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.課堂上不集中精力、希望通過自己的課下努力通過考試的學(xué)生，常常會發(fā)現(xiàn)事倍功半。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.孩子能選擇學(xué)習(xí)的科目越多，家長就越能發(fā)現(xiàn)他們感興趣和擅長的領(lǐng)域。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.能澄清我觀點(diǎn)的例子有很多，但是下面的這個是最合理的。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11.追那些帥氣而年輕的明星浪費(fèi)了年輕人很多寶貴的時間，而這些時間可以花費(fèi)在他們的學(xué)習(xí)上。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12.一只肥胖又驕傲的老母雞正在給自己剛下的蛋打廣告。___________________________________________________________參考答案1.Theonewholooksextremelyindecentisreallynobleinnature.2.Thegreatestspiritualwealthinone'slifeissmile,eleganceandselfconfidence.Ifyoupossessthem,youwillhaveall.3.OrphanisthemosthorriblemoviethatIhaveeverseen.4.Thestepfatheroftentakeshertotravelabroadduringtheholidays,whichmakesherfriendsenvyher.5.Footballkeepsateamworkwhichtrainschildrentocooperatewithoneanother.6.Intheworld,thereexistsnoonewhoyoucancountonallthetime.Soyouneedtowalkyourownwayalone.7.Thosewhosparenoeffortstorealizetheirdreamswillneverfeelregretfuleveniftheyfailfinally,whichisquitesignificant.8.Thosewhofailtoconcentrateinclassbuthopetopasstheexaminationbytheirownendeavorsafterclassoftenfindthattheyjustgethalftheresultwithtwicetheeffort.9.Themoresubjectskidscanchoose,thebetterchancesparentswillhaveofdiscoveringthefieldwhichtheirkidshaveinterestinandaregoodat.10.Thereexistabundantcaseswhichcanbeusedtoclarifymypoint.Nevertheless,thefollowingoneisthemostsound.11.Pursuings