人教版英語八年級下冊完整講義-10講次

目錄TOC\o"11"\h\u第一講Unit1＋情態(tài)動詞、反身代詞、完型精講第二講Unit2＋非謂語動詞、動詞不定式、閱讀精講第三講Unit3＋could等詞的要求與允許第四講Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?第五講Unit5＋連詞when，while＋過去進行時第六講Unit6＋連詞unless,assoonas,so...that第七講Unit7＋形容詞副詞的比較級和最高級第八講Unit8＋現(xiàn)在完成時初階第九講Unit9＋現(xiàn)在完成時進階第十講Unit10＋現(xiàn)在完成時高階

第一講Unit1＋情態(tài)動詞、反身代詞、完型精講一.你了解的電影臺詞！1.Fishoutofwater 人生地不熟（宋體）2.Holdyourhorses 耐心點二.核心詞匯拓展1.lie→(pt.)__________ 默寫：2.she→(反身代詞)__________3.knife→(pl.)__________4.breathe→(n.)__________5.climber→(V.)__________6.death→(v.)__________7.decision→(v.)__________8.importance→(adj.)__________三.核心短語歸納1.__________________牙疼 2._______________說得太多3._______________喝足夠的水 4._______________受涼;感冒5.__________________胃疼 6.___________________背疼7.________________躺下 8.______________________量體溫9._________________以同樣的方式 10.putsomemedicine_____sth.在……上面敷藥11.________________大聲呼救 12.___________________使驚訝的13.__________多虧了；由于 14.______________及時15.___________挽救生命 16._____________感到惡心17.haveproblemsin_________呼吸困難 18.______________. 習慣做某事19._____________用完;用盡 20.___________掌管;管理21.___________在困境中 22.___________doingsth.繼續(xù)或堅持做某事23.__________________做出決定 24.______________冒險25.______________放棄；____________________放棄做某事四.重難點、易考點解析（每個知識點配一個題）【解析1】toomuch/toomany/muchtoo★★★短語含義用法toomuch太多后接不可數(shù)名詞修飾動詞，放在動詞之后toomany太多后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)muchtoo太修飾形容詞或副詞(2020年工大附中八年級下學期第一次月考)()1.Thereis____________snowhere.It’s____________cold.A.muchtoo;toomuch B.toomany;muchtooC.toomuch;toomuch D.toomuch;muchtoo【解析2】enough的用法:★★Eg.enoughtimeEg.expensiveenoughbe+adj.+enoughtodosth.Eg.bestrongenoughtocarrythebox.()1.—WhatdoyouthinkofthelectureofLiYang’sCrazyEnglish?—Ithinkit’s_____,butsomeonethinksit’smuchtoo_____.A.wonderfulenough;bored B.enoughwonderful;boringC.wonderfulenough;boring D.enoughwonderful;bored【解析3】need作實義動詞用法：★★人做主語:sb.needtodosth.某人需要做某事 Ex.Doyouneedtodrinkmorewater?物做主語:sth.needdoingsth.=sth.needtobedone(用主動變被動)Eg.MyTVsetneedsrepairing.1.Ineed___________________(e)totheofficequicklybecausesomeworkneed______________(finish)atonce.()2.Davidneeds___________agoodrest.A.has B.tohave C.have D.having【拓展】need作情態(tài)動詞，意為“需要，必須”，無人稱和數(shù)的變化，否定式為needn’t,后面一般接動作原形。★★★NeedIfinishtheworktoday?我需要今天完成這項工作嗎？Yes,youneed./No,youneedn’t.是的，你必須。/不，你不必?！窘馕?】see（saw,seen）v.看見（hear同類）seesb.dosth.看見某人做某事（看到動作發(fā)生的全過程或經?？吹絼幼靼l(fā)生）seesb.doingsth.看見某人正在做某事（強調動作正在發(fā)生）【魔法記憶】v.＋sb＋doing/do的常見動詞：一感(feel)，二聽(listento，hear)，四看(see，lookat,watch,notice)()1.【2017湖北黃石】Seeingtheirteacher___intotheclassroom,theystopped___atonce.A.walk;telling B.entering;tospeak C.enter;totell D.walking;talking【解析5】surprise★★(1)v.使吃驚→surprisingadj.令人吃驚的(修飾物)→surprisedadj.吃驚的(修飾物)surprisesb.使某人吃驚Eg.Thebadnewssurprisedme.besurprisedat對……感到吃驚n.驚訝常見搭配有：toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是insurprise吃驚地(2020年工大附中八年級下學期第一次月考)1.________________(使我吃驚的是），thedisabledgirlhasmadesomuchprogressinmusic.2.Weare_______________atthe______________news.(surprise)【解析6】beusedto(doing)習慣于（做）；適應于（做）★★【用法】(1)usev.使用→usefuladj.有用的uselessadj.無用的常用詞組：useup用完(2)usesth.todosth.用某物做某事Eg.WeuseInternet_______________(find)information.(3)usedtodosth.過去常常做某事，表示過去做過的事現(xiàn)在已經不做，只用于過去時態(tài)。Eg.Iusedtogetupatsix.(4)be/getusedtodoingsth.習慣于做某事Eg.Mygrandpaisused_______________(live)incountry.(5)beusedtodosth.被用來做某事=beusedfordoingsth.Eg.Stampsareused(post)letters.【記】Heusedtowearglasses.Butnowheisusedtowearingcontactlenses.他以前常戴（框架）眼鏡，但現(xiàn)在習慣戴隱形眼鏡。(2020年工大附中八年級下學期第一次月考)()2.Myfatherusedto_________uplate,butnowheisusedto__________________upearly.A.stay;get B.stayed;getting C.stay;getting D.staying;get【解析7】decidev.決定→decisionn.決定★(1)decidetodosth,=makeupone’smindtodosth.決定做某事(2)makeadecision做決定1.Tomdecided____________(study)Englishwell.2.ThenextmorningAlicemadea____________(decide).Shewouldtellhermotherthetruth.()3.【四川南充】Theclassroomwassodirty.Idecided____.A.cleanitup B.tocleanitup C.cleanupit五．考點檢測一．選擇題()1.ItoldMarythenewsjustnowandshewas_________tohearthe_______news.(2020年高新一中月考)A.surprised;surprising B.surprised;surprisedC.surprising;surprising D.surprising;surprised()2.____________doyouknowthatshelikessinging?－Ioftenhearher__________afterclass.(2020年高新一中月考)A.How;sang B.What;sang C.How;sing D.What;singing()3.—Hi,John.________?—It’sLucy,mydog.Herlegishurt. A.Howareyou B.What’sthematter C.Who’sthat D.What’sLucylike()4.________thedriver,wegottothestationintime. A.Thanksfor B.Thanksto C.Thanks D.Thankyou()5.Thelittlegirlisonlyfouryearsold,butshecanwashherface________. A.she B.her C.hers D.herself()6.Whathappened?Iaskedmymotherin______whenIgothome.(2020年高新一中月考)A.Surprising B.surprise C.surprised D.surprisingly()7.Anniehasa________,andsheisgoingtoseeherdentisttoday. A.cold B.fever C.cough D.toothache()8.Couldyougivemeahand?Ican’tpletethetaskontime________yourhelp. A.without B.under C.with D.for()9.—Where’syourbrothernow,Bob? —Isawhim________inthestreetamomentagoandItoldhim________. A.playing；don’tdoso B.playing；nottodoso C.play；todoso()10.Whynot________yourfatherforhelpwhenyouhavetrouble________theproblem? A.toask；solve B.toask；solving C.ask；solving D.ask；tosolve六．語法突破1.情態(tài)動詞should的用法(1)should是情態(tài)動詞，意為“應該；應當”，否定式為shouldn’t，其后接動詞原形，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。shouldnot=shouldn’t不應該主語+should/shouldn’t+動詞原形Youshouldliedownandrest.你應該躺下來休息一會兒。Youshouldn’tgooutatnight.你晚上不應該出去。(2)should用于主語為第一人稱的疑問句，表示征詢意見。ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?我應當給它敷上藥嗎？Shouldwetellheraboutit?我們應該告訴她這件事嗎？()1.－Shehasasoreback.What___shedo?(2020年高新一中月考)－She'dbetterseeadoctor.A.Need B.should C.may D.must()2.Mustwecleanourbedroomnow?(2020年交大附中月考)－No,you_______.You_______doitafleryoufinishyourhomework.A.mustn't;canB.mustn't;mightC.needn't;mightD.needn't;can2.反身代詞（1）反身代詞的意義：表示反射或強調自己的代詞叫反身代詞，意為“自己，本身”；為加強語氣，常譯為“親自”。（2）反身代詞的構成：第一人稱、第二人稱的反身代詞：形容詞性物主代詞+self/selves構成單數(shù)myselfyourself復數(shù)ourselvesyourselves第三人稱的反身代詞：第三人稱賓格+self/selves單數(shù)：himselfherselfitself復數(shù)：themselves（3）反身代詞常見搭配：(需要背誦哦)enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高興teachoneself=learn…byoneself自學byoneself=alone獨自helponeselfto隨便吃introduceoneselfto自我介紹（5）注意：反身代詞必須與人稱保持一致。1.Thelittlegirlusuallyfinishesherhomeworkby______（her)anddoesn'tneedothers'help.2.Weareoldenoughtocontrol______（we)well.(2020年高新一中月考)()3.Idon'twanttobe_____else.Ijustwanttobe______.(2020年交大附中月考)A.someone;myself B.anyone;myself C.everybody;me D.anyone;me七．中考語法訓練完形填空（2020年某工大附中八年級第一次月考英語真題）"I'mreallythankfultoourgovernment,foritprovidesuswithsuchagoodtrainingprogram.Thetraininggreatlyhelpsuslivewell.Iwillcertainlystudyhardandlearntheskills.ThenIcan1myfamilydifficultiesanddogoodtootherpeople."alearneronthejobtrainingprogramsaid,feelingexcited.Thelearner'sgrandfatherisnearly80yearsold,andhismotheris2inbed.Sohisfather,whoisafarmer,isthemainsupportofthefamily.Thefamilyispoor.Thelearnergraduatedfromhighschoolanddidnot3thecollegeentranceexam.Thejobtrainingprogramhelpshimlearntheskillsthathe'll4intheworkplace.Thestoryremindsmeofanother5.Itgoeslikethis:Onceuponatime,therewasamanwholikedfishingverymuch,andwas6tocatchlotsoffisheveryday.Themanwasakindheartedperson,sohealwayssharedhisfishwithhisneighborswhodidnotknowhowtofish.Oneday,hethoughtthatitwouldbemore7ifhetaughtthemhowtofish.Sohecalledhisneighborstogetherandshowedthemhowtofish.Everybodywasveryhappythattheycould8thefishtheythemselvescaught.Atpresent,therearestillalotofpoorpeopleallovertheworld.Butit'snotgoodifwegiveonlyfoodtothem.9,weshouldgivethemachancetolearnnewskills.Atechnicaltrainingisveryimportanttopeopleinneed,andtheywilllearntheabilityto10money.Peoplecanlearnalotofusefulthingsinthetrainingprogramandwhattheylearncanhelpthemonthewaytofindjobs.()1.A.solve B.change C.study D.find()2.A.alone B.ill C.silent D.dangerous()3.A.pass B.fail C.know D.copy()4.A.repeat B.forget C.need D.test() B.learner C.family D.story()6.A.afraid B.sad C.sorry D.able() B.helpful C.useless D.difficult() B.touch C.drink D.eat()9.A.Next B.Finally C.Instead D.Luckily()10.A.make B.give C.pay D.cost拓展單詞certainly[?s??rtnli]筆記：adv.當然；行（用于回答）；必定筆記：support[s??p??rt]v.支持；幫助；支撐；維持n.支持；幫助；支撐物graduate[?gr?d?u?t]n.大學畢業(yè)生；畢業(yè)生v.（尤指學士）獲得學位，畢業(yè)adj.（攻讀）研究生的；畢業(yè)的share[?er]v.分享，共用；分配；n.份，份額；股份；責任，貢獻neighbor[?ne?b?r]n.鄰居adj.鄰近的vi.友好；毗鄰而居vt.鄰接technical[?tekn?kl]adj.工藝的，科技的；技術上的八．課本夯實What'sthematter?HeLostHisArmButIsStillClimbingAronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.Asamountainclimber,Aron1.（習慣了冒險）.Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmost2.（失去她的生命）becauseofaccidents.OnApril26,2003,hefoundhimselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah.Onthatday,Aron'sarm3.（被抓住）undera360kilorockthatfellonhimwhenhewasclimbing4.（獨自）inthemountains.Becausehecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.Butwhenhiswater5.（用光）,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingto6.（挽救他自己的生命）.Hewasnotreadytodiethatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.Afterthat,heclimbeddownthemountaintofindhelp.After7.（失去）hisarm,hewroteabook8.（叫做）BetweenaRockandaHardPlace.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceof9.（做出好的決定）,andofbeingincontrolofone'slife.Hisloseformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.DowehavethesamespiritasAron?Let'sthinkaboutitbeforewefindourselves“betweenarockandahardplace”,andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeor10.（死亡）.九．中考拓展訓練一．單項選擇。(共10小題，計10分)（2020年某工大附中八年級第一次月考英語真題）()1.What's,Tony?Ihaveasorethroat.A.matter B.amatter C.thematter D.this()2.It’s10o’clocknow.Imustgo.It’srainingoutside.Don’tleaveitsops.A.when B.where C.that D.until()3.Hecan’tseeclearly.Somethingiawrongwithhis.A.legs B.eyes C.ears D.stomach()4.Thewedoforotherpeople,thewewillbe. A.much;happier B.more;happyC.more;happier D.most;happiest()5.Myfatheroftenlistenstotheradioheisdriving. A.until B.because C.while D.where()6.Mysisterdidn’tsweepthefloor..A.SodidI B.SowasI C.NeitherdidI D.NeitherwasI()7.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasy.Therearenewwordsinit. A.alittle B.little C.afew D.few()8.Thereissnowhere.It'scold.A.toomuch；muchtoo B.muchtoo；toomuchC.toomany；toomuch D.toomuch；toomuch()9.Ithinkisnotnecessaryforthekidssomanyafterschoolclasses.A.It;having B.it;tohave C.that;having D.that;tohave()10.five,Jimcoulddresshimself.A.Fortheageof B.IntheageofC.Totheageof D.Attheageof二．短文填空。(共10小題，計10分)（2020年某工大附中八年級第一次月考英語真題）用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文完整正確。(每個單詞限用一次,每空只填一個單詞)happenhappenIluckywinhobbysolveyoungtravelpossiblebeIamXuLiuyang,amiddleschoolstudentfromJiangsuProvince.Iamgoodat11allkindsofstrangemathproblems.I12theMentalCalculationWorldCup12fouryearsago.Asamemberofourschoolmathteam,Iusuallytrainaloteveryday.Besidesmath,SuperBrain3Ihavemanyother13aswell,suchasbikeriding,paintingand14,butmathisstillmyfavorite.Lastyear,Ijoined.Iworkedhardtoprepareforit.Infact,mycoachandI15stressedandwethoughtitwas16forustowinbecausealltheotherplayerswerethebestones.What'smore,Iwasthe17player,justa12yearoldboy.Butoverandoveragain,Itold18tobebrave.19,Ibeattheothersonebyone,andgotthefirstprizefinally.Mycoachandmyparentswereproudofme.Sincethen,Ihaveknownthatnomatterwhat20tous,weshouldholdontoourdream,andnevergiveup.任務型閱讀：閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內容，完成下面各題。（共5小題，計10分）（2020年某交大附中八年級第一次月考英語真卷）Itseemsthateverybodytellslieswell,notbiglies,but"whitelies".Tellingwhiteliesisn'treallythatbad.Actually,It'sagoodwaytohelppeopleout.Mostofthetime,peopledoitbecausetheywanttoprotectfriendshiportheydon'twanttohurtsomeone.Herearesomewaystheydoit.★Lyingtohidesomething.Peopleoftenliebecausetheywanttohidesomethingfromsomeone.Forexample,Jackwantstogoouttoplaysoccer,buthetellsalietohisparentstosaythathewillgotothelibrarytostudy.★Givingfalseexcuses.Sometimespeopleliebecausetheydon'twanttodosomething.Forexample,someoneinvitesyoutoaparty.Youthinkitwillbeboring,soyousayyou'rebusy.★Lyingtomakesomeonefeelgood.Oftenwedon'ttellthetruthtomakesomeonefeelgood.Forexample,yourfriendcooksdinnerforyou,butittastesterrible.Doyousayso?No!Youprobablysay,“Hmm,thisisdelicious!”★Lyingtohidebadnews.Sometimes,wedon'twanttotellsomeonebadnews.Forexample,youhavejusthadaterribledayatwork,butyoudon'twantyourfamilytoworryaboutyou.Soifyourparentsaskyouaboutyourday,youwilljustsayeverythingisfine.Howmanykindsof“whitelies"arementionedinthepassage?______________________________________________.22.WhatwillJackdoinsteadofstudyinginthelibrary?He_____________________________.Whatifyousaythedishisterrible?Thepersonwhomadeitwillfeel_________________________.24.Whydoyoutellyourparentseverythingisfinewhenyouhaveaterribledayatwork?BecauseIdon'twanttolet______________________________.25.What'sthereasonwhypeopletell“whitelies"mostofthetime?Peopletell“whitelies"to___________________.第二講Unit2＋非謂語動詞、動詞不定式、閱讀精講一.你了解的電影臺詞！1.Youarewayoutofline 你欺人太甚2.Apromiseisapromise 一言既出駟馬難追核心詞匯拓展1. volunteer→(v.)_______________ 2. notice→(n.)_______________3. strong→(adv.)_______________ 4.imagine→(n.)_______________5.difficulty→(adj.)_______________ 6.carry→(pt.)_______________7.training→(v.)_______________ 8.kindness→(adj.)_______________9.understand→(pt.)_______________ 10.interest→(adj)_______________11.repair→(n.)_______________ 12.broken→(v.)_______________13.disabled→(v.)_______________三.核心短語歸納1.______________清潔日2.______________養(yǎng)老院3.______________快樂的表情 4.______________在歲時______________打掃(或清除)干凈 6.______________(使)變得更高興;振雀7.______________分發(fā);散發(fā) 8.______________想出;提出9.______________制訂計劃 10.______________做些公告牌11.______________試用;試行 12.______________建造;舉起;張貼13.______________分發(fā);散發(fā);發(fā)給 14.______________打;召集15.______________推遲;延遲 16.______________比如;例如17.______________籌錢;募捐 18.______________與相像;像19.______________贈送;捐贈 20.______________修理;修補;解決21.______________與……相似 22.______________建立;設立23.______________殘疾人 24.______________影響;有作用四.重難點、易考點解析【解析1】helpv.→helpfuladj.→helplessadj.★(1).helpsb.todosth.幫助某人做某事。(2).helponeself(to)自用（食物等）。(3).helpsb.out幫助某人克服困難，渡過難關、解決問題、完成工作。(4).withthehelpof=withone’shelp在……幫助下。(5).helpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事。(6).can’thelp\stopdoing情不自禁做;can’tstanddoing不能忍受做...;can'twaittodo迫不及待做...(2020高新一中月考)1.這個男孩經常幫助打掃城市公園Theboyoften__________thecityparks.【解析2】cleanup把……打掃干凈（v.+adv.）Eg.cleanupthetable=cleanthetableup.=cleanitup(代詞放中間)★★★相似的代詞放中間的詞組有：lookup,giveout,givethemaway,cheerup等()IfeveryonepourslesspollutedwaterintoDianchiLake,itwillbe_____.A.deeperanddeeperB.cleanerandcleanerC.dirtieranddirtierD.widerandwider【解析3】giveout=handout分發(fā)(v.+adv)Eg.give/handoutbananas.★giveoutsth.tosb.分….給某人【短語】：與give相關的短語：★★giveback=return歸還giveaspeech發(fā)表givesb.acall給……打giveaway贈送givesb.ahand=helpsb.幫助某人giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.放棄做某事giveupsmoking放棄吸煙givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.給某人某物givememoney給我錢=givemoneytome給我線(2020年工大附中月考)( ).I someclothestohomelesspeoplebecausetheyaretoosmallforme.A.takeafter B.hangout C.giveaway D.putoff【解析4】putoff意為＂推遲;拖延＂，是由＂動詞+副詞＂構成的短語動詞，其后可接名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式作賓語。?Wecan’tputoffhavingthemeeting.我們不能推遲召開這次會議?！局R拓展】常見put構成的短語因為大雨他們不得不推遲舉行運動會。Theyhadto_____________________________thesportsmeetingbecauseoftheheavyrain【解析5】alone/lonely辨析：★(1)alone=byoneselfadj.單獨的，指無人陪伴的客觀事實，不帶感情色彩。Heoftenwalksalonetohome.lonely①指人孤獨的，寂寞的，強調主觀感受;②也可指某個地方是荒涼的(2020年工大附中月考)()1.theoldmanis,heneverfeels.Though;lonely;alone B.Though;alone;lonelyC.Because;lonely;alone D.If;alone;lonely【解析6】“疑問詞+不定式”作及物動詞的賓語?！居洝浚篒don’tknowwhattodo.Idon’tknowhowtodoit.【拓展】“特殊疑問詞+不定式”的轉換。轉換時只需在疑問詞后加主語（與主句主語一致），并將不定式改成“should+v原形”做謂語。Idon’tknowhowtosolvetheproblem.=Idon’tknowhowIshouldsolvetheproblem.(2020年交大附中月考)()1.－Whichcrayondoyoulikebest?－Ican'tdecidenow.Ireallydon'tknow_________.A.tochoosewhichone B.choosewhichoneC.whichonetochoose D.whichoneIshouldchooseit.【解析7】such...that詞條詞性用法常用結構such形容詞修飾名詞sucha/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)such+除many/few之外的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)such+除much/little之外的形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞so程度副詞修飾形容詞或副詞so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)so+many/few+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞(2020年高新一中月考)()1.Thestudentshave_____manyexercisesthattheycan'tfinish_____ontime.A.so;it B.so;them C.such;them D.such;it【解析8】make（1）句中make是使役動詞，意為＂使;使成為＂，后常跟復合結構，即＂make+賓語+賓語補足語(形容詞)＂。?putersmakeiteasytolearnEnglish.電腦使英語學習變得容易。（2）句中it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后置的動詞不定式復合結構formetohaveLucky。【知識拓展】it作形式賓語的用法（1）當不定式作賓語，且其后有賓語補足語時，常用it作形式賓語，而將動詞不定式置于句末。?WefinditimportanttolearnEnglishwell.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)學好英語很重要。（2）常跟it作形式賓語的動詞有：make/find/feel/consider/think等?；ヂ?lián)網使人們購物更加容易。TheInternet__________________________easierforpeople__________________________【解析9】(1)takeafter=besimilarto在（外貌、性格等方面）與（父母）相像（v.+adv）【拓展】與take相關的短語：takedown寫下takeoff脫下;起飛takeup占去（時間或空間）takecare小心takecareof照顧takeplace發(fā)生takeout拿出takeaway拿走(2)looklike只指在外貌上與…..相像【拓展】：lookafter照顧lookup向上看，查找lookfor尋找lookout小心()1.Thegirl_____thewoman.Maybesheisherdaughter.takecareB.takesafterC.takesoffD.lookafter【解析10】fixup意為＂修理;修補＂，是由＂動詞+副詞＂構成的短語動詞，名詞作賓語可放在短語中間或短語后面。代詞作賓語時應置于fix與up之間。?Theputerdoesn’twork.Canyoufixitup?這臺電腦壞了，你會修理嗎?【易混辨析】repair表示使受到一定損壞或失靈的東西恢復其性能或機能，其對象范圍很廣，從道路、機器到日常用品等mend常表示修補破損的東西，使其恢復原樣，一般指較小的物品。如：mendtheshoes/thewindows等約翰叔叔業(yè)余時間修理舊電腦。UncleJohn__________________________oldputersinhissparetime.【解析11】【易混辨析】bring/take/carry/fetch/get（1）bring意為＂帶來;拿來＂，指把人或物從別處帶到說話人所在的地方。?Pleasebringthehomeworktometomorrow.明天請把作業(yè)給我?guī)?。?）take意為＂拿走;?。?，指把人或物從說話人所在地帶到別處去。?Takeanumbrellawithyou,please.請隨身帶把傘。（3）carry無方向性，含＂負重＂之意，一般指隨身攜帶，如手提、肩扛等。（4）fetch指從說話者所在地到別處去把人或物帶回來。（5）get與fetch同義，但更口語化?！緢D解助記】(2020年師大附中月考)1.Canyou_______yourumbrellatome?I_______mineinthelibrary.A.borrow;forgot B.lend;left C.borrow;left D.lend;forgot考點檢測.一．單項選擇題。()1.HanHong______plentyofmoneytothepeopleintrouble_________.(2020年高新一中期中)A.gaveout;helpoutthem B.putaway;helpthemoutC.putout;tohelpthemout D.gaveaway;tohelpthemout()2.－CanI______yourbike?(2020年鐵一中期中)－Withpleasure.Butyoumustn't_____ittoothers.A.lend;borrow B.borrow;lend C.lend;lend D.borrow;borrow()3.Whichdressdoyoulikebest,Madam?—Sorry,Ican’tdecide_____now.tobuywhichoneB.buywhichonewhichonetobuyD.whichIshouldbuyit.()4.—Mom,canIdo________muchworkin________ashorttime?—Dear,Ithinkyoucan.A.so;so B.such;so C.so;such D.such;such()5.Heoffered _valuableadvicethat peopledisagreed.A.such;afew B.such;few C.so;afew D.so;few()6.Thiscoatdoesn'tfithimwell，ashehas____ahugebodyandthecoatis___small．A．so;such B．so;soC．such;such D．such;so()7.Whenyoufeelhelplessand__________,justrememberyouarenot________inthe worldbecauseyourfriendsarearoundyou.A.alone;alone B.alone;lonely C.lonely;alone()8.Theboylookssad.Let's.(2020年西工大月考)A.cheerhimupB.cheeruphim C.puthimupD.putuphim()9.Ben,thephoneisringing.Couldyouplease____________?－Yes,sure.(2020年師大附中月考)A.takeitup B.takeupit C.pickitup D.pickupit()10.Myfatherdecidedto__________smoking.(2020年工大附中期中)A.giveto B.giveout C.givein D.giveup二．從方框內選詞并用其適當形式完成句子carefor，etrue，tryout，helpout，makeaplan，cheerup，callup，putup，usedto，giveup1.Let’s__________________Lucy.Shelostthegametoday.2.LiMeifinallydecided__________________(not)forChina’sGotTalent（《中國達人秀》）.3.Weshouldlearn__________________ourselveswhenourparentsareout.4.How__________________thepoorpeopleisveryimportant.5.Ifyouworkhard,yourdreamwill__________________inthefuture.6.Youcan__________________yourpenfriendforsomeadvice.7.Wecan__________________someposterstomakepeopleknowthelatestmovieSuperSpiderman.8.Iwant__________________forthenewterm.9.Yououghtto__________________smoking.10.Myfather__________________gotoworkbycar,butnowbybus.六．語法突破.動詞不定式(1)動詞不定式結構：to+動詞原形，有時不帶to。to為動詞不定式的符號，本身無意義，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。(2)動詞不定式在句中充當主語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語等。初中要掌握的用法如下：句法作用例句做賓語Hewantstobuyacar.做狀語Shewenttoseeherteacher.做賓語補足語Lilyhelpsmetofinishthework.【注意】在want,like,agree,hope,wish,learn,begin,start,seem,decide,hate,choose,forget,remember等動詞后面，可以接不定式作賓語。在ask,teach,expect,tell,allow等動詞可接不定式作賓語補足語。在go,e,try,do/tryone'sbest等動詞或短語動詞作謂語時，其后常常可以接不定式作目的狀語。"be+形容詞+todosth"結構中的不定式作狀語，常表示原因或方式。(3)動詞不定式的否定形式：nottodoEx.WedecidednottovisitBeijing.Ex.Mymotherasksmenottoplayputergameseveryday.(4)動詞不定式可以喝特殊疑問詞連用（what/which/how/where/when/which等）。Ex.Idon’tknowhowtosolvetheproblem.=Idon’tknowhowIshouldsolvetheproblem.(5)不帶to的情況：感官動詞和使役動詞后用作賓語補足語的不定式通常不帶to.①感官動詞：see/hear/watch/feel/notice+do②使役動詞：let/make/have+doEx.Iseehimeintothehouse.Iheardthebirdsing.練習：()1.Hefounditverydifficult______.A.sleeping B.sleeps C.slept D.tofallasleep()2.I'msorry______that.A.hears B.hearing C.hear D.tohear()3.ItriedtomakeAlice____________hermind,butIfounditdifficult.(2020年工大附中月考)Well,Isawyou__________whenIwentpast.A.changed;talkwithherB.changes;talkingwithherC.change;totalkwithherD.change;talkingwithher非謂語動詞非謂語動詞指不能單獨作謂語，但同時仍保留動詞某些特征的動詞形式。非謂語動詞主要包括不定式、動名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）。構成：to+動詞原形動詞不定式作用：作除謂語外的任何成分構成：v.ing/v.ed(規(guī)則動詞)動詞的非謂語形式分詞作用：表、定、狀、補構成：v.ing動名詞作用：主、賓、表、定動詞不定式（上面已講解）動名詞（一）動名詞的構成動名詞是由＂動詞+ing＂構成，和現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，兼有動詞和名詞的特點。動名詞作用句法作用例句作主語單個動名詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實。作表語放在系動詞后面作表語Herjobislookingafterthechildren.做賓語用動名詞作賓語，不能用不定式作賓語的詞有：finish,giveup,can’thelp,allow,imagine,keep,mind,practicebeusedtodo,lookforwardto,enjoy,bebusy。（初三學習）consider,avoid,,suggest,succeedin,Nomatterwhathappened,Iwon’tgiveupachievingmydream.作定語用于名詞前，起修飾說明作用Thereisaswimmingpoolinherhome.她家有個游泳池。三、分詞（一）現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的構成現(xiàn)在分詞由v.+ing構成，過去分詞v.+ed(規(guī)則動詞)構成。（二）分詞的用法句法作用例句作定語現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行，有主動的含義，過去分詞表示已經完成，有被動的含義。hecryingboyannoyedusalot.那個哭泣的男孩使我們很煩惱。作表語放在系動詞后作表語Thestoryisinteresting.Iaminterestedinit.作賓語補足語用于補充說明賓語的動作和狀態(tài)Hecouldhearhisheartbeatingfast.作狀語通常表示主語正在進行的另一動作，來對主語的主要動作加以修飾。Igothome,feelingverytired.我疲憊地回到家里。()1.(2018﹒廣東)Afterlongyearsofwar,manypeopleinSyriaarehomeless.Ithinkitimportantapeacefulworld. A.build B.notbuild C.tobuild D.nottobuild()2.（2018﹒海南）Thepolicemanwarnedtheman______afterdrinking. A.nottodrive B.todrive C.driving()3.（2018﹒貴州黔南)Parentsshouldalwaystelltheirkids________withstrangers. A.nottotalk B.nottalking C.tonottalk D.nottalk()4.（2018﹒廣西貴港)—Sam,don’tforgetthebooktothelibrarytomorrow. —OK,Iwon’t. A.return B.returning C.returned D.toreturn()5.（2018?山東臨沂）Ididn’tseeyou________in.Youmusthavebeenveryquiet.A.es B.toe C.e D.havee()6.（2018?成都中考）Igotupearlythismorning________mygrandmaattheairport.A.topickup B.pickingup C.pickedup()7.（2018?天津中考）Harryinvitedme________withhimwhenhisparentswereoutoftown.A.stay B.staved C.staying D.tostay(