完整的語(yǔ)音課程

Phonetics

語(yǔ)音課程Lesson1英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)共有48個(gè)，其中元音20個(gè)，輔音28個(gè)國(guó)內(nèi)的英文字典里最常見的音標(biāo)為英式發(fā)音的國(guó)際音標(biāo)(DJ)和美式發(fā)音的KK音標(biāo)音素：字母在單詞中的讀音（音標(biāo)是其標(biāo)寫符號(hào),“//”）音節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~中有一個(gè)元音就有一個(gè)音節(jié)單詞按照音節(jié)劃分：?jiǎn)我艄?jié)詞，雙音節(jié)詞，多音節(jié)詞英語(yǔ)中共有五個(gè)元音字母：a,e,i,o,u單音節(jié)詞：由一個(gè)音節(jié)構(gòu)成的單詞。we重讀開音節(jié)：

1.結(jié)尾3個(gè)字母以元音+輔音+不發(fā)音e構(gòu)成。make

2.直接以元音字母結(jié)尾。she

重讀閉音節(jié)：

元音字母后面加一個(gè)或若干個(gè)輔音字母（r除外）構(gòu)成的音節(jié)。findExercise：區(qū)分一下單詞是開音節(jié)詞還是 閉音節(jié)詞。Drink hi hat handPick rule by gateBack bad ice popBit joke ride heSize lamp apple bike雙音節(jié)詞:由兩個(gè)音節(jié)構(gòu)成的單詞。hello

多音節(jié)詞：由三個(gè)或者三個(gè)以上的音節(jié)構(gòu)成的單詞。grandfather音節(jié)的劃分：1. 一個(gè)音節(jié)至少有一個(gè)元音字母或一個(gè)字母組合。 元音字母a，e，i，o，u，或半元音y；也可以是ea,er,ar,or,oi等字母組合。 re-fuse，un-com-for-ta-ble，jum-ping，a-void-ed，gar-lic，for-ty兩音節(jié)處有兩個(gè)輔音字組，則一個(gè)輔音字組屬于前面音節(jié)，一個(gè)屬于后面音節(jié)

let-ter

mem-ber

daugh-ter3. 兩音節(jié)處只有一個(gè)輔音字組，若前面重讀音節(jié)為長(zhǎng)音，則屬于后面一個(gè)音節(jié)；若重讀音節(jié)的元音是短音，則屬重讀音節(jié)。

pa-per stu-dent mod-le

sev-en moth-er

字組：一個(gè)輔音或一個(gè)輔音字母組合就是一個(gè)字組輔音字母組合構(gòu)成發(fā)音的輔音連綴，劃分音節(jié)時(shí)，也不能將其

分開。例如：

ex-pli-cit,pre-scribe,in-struc-tion若是以字母-le結(jié)尾，并且輔音-le前面還有一個(gè)輔音字母，那么這個(gè)輔音字母通常劃分在右邊這個(gè)音節(jié)里。（發(fā)音時(shí)是一個(gè)音節(jié)）。如：

ta-ble,un-cle,mar-ble,peo-ple,hur-dle,sta-ble

注意：以-ckle結(jié)尾的單詞例外。輔音字母-c不發(fā)音，所以輔音字母-ck劃分在左邊的音節(jié)里。 例如：pick-le,buck-le,sick-le前綴單獨(dú)劃為一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的音節(jié)

dis-like in-ac-tive air-craft

加后綴時(shí)，后綴不影響其他音節(jié)的劃分，單獨(dú)劃分音節(jié) paint-er print-er

后綴-ed加在以-t或-d結(jié)尾的單詞后面，發(fā)/-id/構(gòu)成一個(gè)獨(dú)立音節(jié)，其他情況下不構(gòu)成獨(dú)立音節(jié)。

pre-dict-ed test-ed passed worked

后綴是-es加在以-s,-x,-ch,-sh結(jié)尾的單詞后面，發(fā)/iz/構(gòu)成獨(dú)立音節(jié)，其他情況不構(gòu)成獨(dú)立音節(jié)。

pass-es box-es cats pigs Exercise：區(qū)分以下單詞是單音節(jié)詞， 雙音節(jié)詞還是多音節(jié)詞。Heavy teacher likeCulture favorite palacePerson short captainPopular application hobbyYesterday responsibility curly元音字母Aa在單詞中的發(fā)音重讀開音節(jié)：/ei/Kate blade cake gamePlate snake face shake重讀閉音節(jié)：/?/That stand plan bandBlack lamp crab flathaveExtension:英語(yǔ)中常發(fā)/ei/的字母組合：ai: wait☆grain☆rain☆trainay: pay☆say☆stay☆mayey: they ☆hey☆obey ei(gh): eight☆rein☆weigh☆weightea: steak☆break☆greata: haste☆waste☆pastesayssaida在ste前Exercise:Readthefollowing.Words:tail△lady△payment△stamp△thanklack△away△lamb△mass△act△papermain△break△catch△snail△map△capfact△salary△carry△neighbor△matePhrases:sameway

arailwaystation

cameagainpayday

toactionandback

getmadSentences:Nopains,nogains.Apennysavedisapennygained.Hastemakeswaste.Callaspadeaspade.Afactisafact.Don’tletthecatoutofthebag.Handsomeisashandsomedoes.Lesson2元音字母Ee在單詞中的發(fā)音重讀開音節(jié)：/i:/Be she he weMe 重讀閉音節(jié)：/e/Desk pet met tentWest check tell spellExtension:英語(yǔ)中常發(fā)/i:/的字母組合：ea: sea☆wheat☆beat☆eastee: see☆week☆need☆speedei: receive☆deceitie: piece☆field☆priestfriendly英語(yǔ)中常發(fā)/e/的字母組合ea: weather☆head☆heavy feather☆bread☆sweat wealth☆breath health

ea在d,lth,ther,th前，常發(fā)/e/Plosiveconsonants/p/(清輔音)pick☆peace☆pay☆top☆lip☆tape/b/(濁輔音)bat☆bake☆bell☆web☆cab☆bribe/sp/（重讀音節(jié)需要濁化成對(duì)應(yīng)的濁輔音）spend☆spring☆spider☆spotspade☆spin☆sportdebtreceiptReadforfun.Words:Pat—bat park—bark mop—mobcup—cub tap—tab pea—bePhrases:Thetopofthetube hopetostopAbigweb boughtabikeThebottomofthecup stepbystepSentences:Peterispickingplumsandapples.Therobberbrokeintothebank,butwascaughtbythepolice.Theblack-birdbroughtbackabeautifulbigwormforhisbabies.Good,better,best,neverletitrest;Tillgoodisbetter,andbetterbest.Abloke’sbackbikebrakeblockbroke.Exercise:Readthefollowing.Words:speech△sweat△sweet△bend△beeseem△fresh△bell△health△deadvest△cell△keep△heel△hell△sleetPhrases:ateamleader

theEastSeaFleetRedhead-dress

terribleweatherWetwithsweat

pressthebellReadforfun!FieldseedswheatWheatfeedssheepSheepmeetscheatCheatneedsmeatHeeatssheepSheseesfeetWekeepreadingSentences:Well,let’sgeteverythingready.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Alliswellthatendswell.Eastorwest,homeisbest.Doyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield?Bettertodowellthantosaywell.Lesson3字母Ii在單詞中的讀音重讀開音節(jié)/ai/Wide mile Friday likelyRide mike final silent重讀閉音節(jié)/i/Sit kick miss richCity wish fish pillExtension:英語(yǔ)中常發(fā)/ai/的字母組合ie: tie☆pie☆lie☆dieei: neither☆eithery: by☆reply☆why☆flyi（非開音節(jié)）: sign☆find☆child☆light 重讀音節(jié)末尾重讀閉音節(jié)在gh,-gn,-ld,-nd前英語(yǔ)中字母或字母組合發(fā)/i/的情況a在非重讀音節(jié)中;i,y在非重讀閉音節(jié)中;ui部分單詞orange☆army☆enemy☆besidebiscuit☆build☆circuit☆villageExercise:Words:Mighty△kindly△invite△divide△trybusy△belong△return△pretty△littlePhrases:Abitchilly

finishitquickly

whysighAbigclinic

timeandtide

rightsideSentences:Strikewhiletheironishot.Greatmindsthinkalike.Miketriedfivetimestogettheprize.Timasthinasapin.WhyisSisterLilysittingthereknittinginsilence?Lesson4字母Oo在單詞中的發(fā)音開音節(jié)/?u/Broke rose go helloWoke joke coke hero重讀閉音節(jié)/?/Clock hotdog frog bottleCloth hotpot body boss Extension:英語(yǔ)中常發(fā)/?u/的字母組合o: most☆postcard☆old☆coldoa: coat☆boat☆goat☆goalou/ow: know☆row☆throw☆thougho在st,ld前非重讀音節(jié)中ow也常發(fā)/?u/例如:yellow,window,elbowDon’tforgetus!Plateau,bureau英語(yǔ)中發(fā)/?/的字母或字母組合a: want☆wash☆what☆swamp quality☆quantity☆qualification什么規(guī)律？a在wh,w,qu后Plosiveconsonants:/k/kind☆kick☆keepcake☆picture☆coat☆musiccock☆pocket☆black☆knock school☆headache☆chemistryc不在e,i/y前-ckchPlosiveconsonants:/g/bag☆garden☆go☆graceghost☆spaghettiguess☆guitar☆dialogue☆league LANGUAGEggu-,-guegh/sk/skate☆ski☆skip☆skin☆skirtschool☆sketch☆schedule☆scholarshipscore☆scare☆scale☆ScotlandExercises:Words:Told phone known lowSorry offer coffee copyQuality policy what modelPhrases:Aslowcoach abrokenbowlAholeinthecoat anoldsoldierAmodelhospital qualityandquantitySentences:Lotsandlotsofclocksandwatcheshavegonewrong.Arollingstonegathersnomoss.Asyousowyoushallmow.Littlestrokesfellgreatoaks./k//g/Exercises:king☆kept☆Kate☆cold☆costlock☆guard☆gate☆guide☆begbag☆league☆vague☆clockBag-back league-leakCountthecoins killtheduckGoodlucktoDickCutyourcoataccordingtoyourcloth.Takecareofthepenceandthepoundswilltakecareofthemselves.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.Everycountryhasitscustoms.I’mbeginningtofeelhungry.Givemesomeeggsandabigjugofbeer.Lesson5字母Uu在單詞中的發(fā)音重讀開音節(jié)/ju:/Student excuse duty hugeUse cute fume pupil重讀閉音節(jié)/Λ/Mug must number jumpLunch cut gun duckAttention: /u:/June JulyGlue influence flute LucyRuler rude rule rumorSuper superior(BrE) issueWhatisUafterinthe4groups?補(bǔ)充：在開音節(jié)中單詞中發(fā)/ju://u:/的情況ewNew nephew knewuiannuityueavenuepursuecontinueew在j,l,r,ch后Flew chew jewelrythrewui在j,l,r,s后Juice fruitsluicesuitue在l,r后Blue glue clue 英語(yǔ)中發(fā)/u:/的字母組合（除以上幾種情況）oo broom☆tooth☆school☆noodleou group☆soup☆througho whose☆lose☆move☆whooe shoe不在k,d前哦！但是food是特別的哦！英語(yǔ)單詞中發(fā)/u/的情況u在部分單詞中pull☆bull☆full☆push☆bushoul在重讀音節(jié)中should☆could☆wouldoo在k,d前wood☆book☆cookFoot我也是短音/u/哦！單詞中發(fā)/Λ/的字母或字母組合o在m,n,v,th前co_e☆mo_key☆glo_e☆mo__erou young☆country☆enough☆coupleoo blood☆floodExercises:Words:took

bullet

put

childhood

goodmoon

soon

true

food

ruleother

cover

double

touch

somenone

thunder

blood

music

reviewProduce

opportunity

shoe

spoonPhrases:anewschool whoseshoesausefulrule beautifulmusiclooksgood tooksomesugaragood-lookingman justforfunbloodforblood asuddenjumpatoughson afunnycoupleCut-cot rug-rag hut-hatCup-cap suck-sack full-foolPool-pull foot-food wood-wooedHelookslikeagoodcook.TryasIwould,Icoulddonothing.SoItookabroomandlefttheroom.Don’tlosetheopportunity.Asarule,theskiesareblueinJune.ItookmybookandlookedatitaslongasIcould.Yourspoonwon’tbeusefulfornoodles.Weshouldloveifwecouldgotothewood

Andlookforthecrookedmay,

Wherethecuckootookthewood-lark’snest

Andpushedhereggsaway.Tonguetwister:HowmuchwoodcouldChuckWoods'woodchuckchuck,ifChuckWoods'woodchuckcouldandwouldchuckwood?IfChuckWoods'woodchuckcouldandwouldchuckwood,howmuchwoodcouldandwouldChuckWoods'woodchuckchuck?ChuckWoods'woodchuckwouldchuck,hewould,asmuchashecould,andchuckasmuchwoodasanywoodchuckwould,ifawoodchuckcouldandwoodchuckwood.Lesson6Reviewlesson:Vowels:

/?//e//i//?//?//ei//i://ai//?u//u://ju://u/Consonants:

/p//b//sp//k//g//sk/標(biāo)出下列元音字母的音標(biāo)Abigblackbugbitthebackofabigblackrat.Andthebigblackratbitthebackofthebigblackbug.Thenthebigblackbugbitthebigblackrat.Anditletthebigblackratjumpanddropblood.區(qū)別以下單詞并朗讀sheep-ship sleep-slip neat-knit

eel-ill bit-bite fill-fell

lip-lap hit-hot live-leave pan-pen I’ll-ill sad-said

bag-beg coat-cot note-nut

woke-wake lime-lamb bike-back

while-will write-rat wrong-ringReadforfun! Afoxkilledafatant.Tenants’brothersgotonabustokillthefox.Butabigdropstoppedtheirway.Tenantsleftthebus,andranontheirtrip.Theymetthefox,andgaveitagift.Thefoxcutthegift,whenabignetputitin.theantskilledthefoxandputitonadeskastheirsixmonths’lunchesandsuppers.Lesson7Learnedlongvowels:/i:/ /u:/New:/?:/(BrE)/?r/(AmE)arwar☆wharf☆dwarf☆quarter☆quartzWhen?Afterw,wh,quor notafter/w/Examples: ________ _______ ________ _______ ore Examples: more score store before ________ _______

fortymorningordershortshoreboredal/?:/small☆ball☆fall☆talk☆wall☆chalkal/?:l/always☆also☆salt☆almostau/?:/autumn☆daughter☆author☆naughtyaw/?:/draw☆straw☆law☆saw☆awfulReadcarefully,andtrytofindsomedifferences.leave☆lock☆learn☆line☆lamemeal☆mill☆bell☆doll☆pull☆rulefield☆built☆milk☆help☆elbowcalm☆talk☆walk☆could☆shouldHigh-frequencywords:brought☆bought☆thought☆foughtboard☆broad☆soar☆roarfloor☆door☆course☆your☆fourExercises:Cock-cork chock-chalkNot-naught stock-stalkOdd-awed cot-caughtPridegoesbeforeafall.Georgesawasawhangingonthewall.Billhadbillboard

Billalsohadaboardbill

TheboardbillboredBill

SoBillsoldthebillboardtopayhisboardbill

AndtheboardbillnolongerboredBill. Onawarmmorning,ahawkwassoaringinthesky.Iwantedtotalktothehawk,butIwasnottallenough.Ihadtoorderthehawktofalldownonthefloor.Whilethehawkmoaned,‘‘Idon’tliketoberegardedasman’sfriend,althoughI’mahawk.’’Ithoughtandthought,andthenopenedthedoortoletthehawksoar.Iknewmore.Readforfun!Lesson8Learnedlongvowels:/i://u://?:/Newone:/a:/Review:ar在w,wh,qu后的發(fā)音al的發(fā)音英語(yǔ)中發(fā)/a:/的字母或字母組合ar apartment☆garden☆guardal half☆palm☆calm☆behalfa usedbeforef,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st, th

Words:

after☆plant☆graph☆ask☆grasp

glass☆fast☆fatherDon’tforgetme!HEARTal在m,f前Exercises:pardon

regard

depart

chancelast

advance

rather

marchgarlic

participate

scarf

barkAlargeparcel abasketofbananasPasstheglass can’tdanceHard-hearted mastersofartsReadthesentences.Thepartystoppedathalfpastfive.Thepartisanfastenedtheparceltothebasket.Alargearmymarchedpastthefarmyard.FarmerBarnesisahardmanforabargain,butheisn’thard-hearted.Drawapicture. Abananaisinabasket.Abasketisinacar.Acarisinaclass.Aclassisinagarden.Agardenisinayard.Ayardisinafarm.Afarmisinastar.Singasong.Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar,HowIwonderwhatyouare!Upabovetheworldsohigh,Likeadiamondinthesky;Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar,HowIwonderwhatyouare!一閃一閃亮晶晶滿天都是小星星掛在天上放光明好像許多小眼睛一閃一閃亮晶晶滿天都是小星星

Plosiveconsonants:/t//d//t/:tip☆tool☆tune☆cart☆foot☆boot/d/:deep☆dark☆die☆date☆read☆ride/st/stand☆stamp☆star☆stairBet-bed late-laid feet-feedBrought-broad at-add eight-aidPronunciationinpastforms/t/ed在清輔音之后/p/,/k/,/f/,/s/,/?/,/t?/ washed☆watched☆looked☆helped passed☆/d/ed在濁輔音和元音之后（除以上6個(gè)清輔音） lived☆listened☆played☆watered/id/ed在/t/,/d/后面 started☆wanted☆handed☆plantedReadthepastforms.polluted

predicted

dressedhappened

seemed

surprisedpushed

included

sharedmurdered

destroyed

pulledsupposed

copied

openedgraduated

shouted

arguedcalled

failed

returnedExercises:Tellthetime agoodfriendAredcart readthecardSomehotbread wentonfootThecartgotstuckinthemud.Toomanyteenagerstendtowastetheirtimewatchingtelevision.Dick’sdaughterDianadoesn’tlikedancing.Lesson9LearnedRisingdiphthongs: /ei//ai//?u/Newone:/au//?i/ou mouse☆mouth☆cloud☆south house☆round☆ground☆loudow crowd☆cow☆town☆how

crown☆vow☆brown☆mountain/au?/Flour☆flower☆power☆towerour☆hourDowntown aroundthehouseAbrowntower foundacowAthousandmountainsAroundtheflowerhouse/?i/oi boil☆join☆point☆voice☆avoidoy enjoy☆annoy☆Joyce☆oysterchoice

oil

spoil

loyal

royalAll-oil tall-toil corn-coinJaw-joy spoilthechoiceFricativeconsonants:/s/s sit☆see☆sleep☆sock☆super class☆glass☆pass☆grassc space☆price☆rice☆recite city☆circus☆celery☆cellc在i,e/y前c在兩個(gè)元音中間/z/z zero☆zebra☆zip☆zoom☆prize zone☆realize☆recognizes please☆raise☆rise☆rose字母s在兩個(gè)元音之間名詞復(fù)數(shù)，第三人稱單數(shù)和人稱所有格在以/p/,/k/,/f/清輔音結(jié)尾的單詞后， 讀音/s/ cups☆cakes☆roofs☆proofs cliffs☆looks☆helps☆Jack’s在以/s/,/z/,/t?/,/d?/結(jié)尾的詞后，讀音/iz/

glasses☆classes☆matches☆watches bridges☆A(yù)lice’s☆Grace’s在以/t/,/d/結(jié)尾的單詞后，讀音/ts/,/dz/ hands☆beats☆meets☆cats☆kinds writes☆kids☆nods☆hates在其他情況下(元音和除上面提到的其他輔音)，讀音/z/ knives☆lives☆tomatoes☆videos heroes☆days☆bags☆gamesNowteachmehowtoplough.Openyourmouthandroundyourlips.Roundandroundthehousewentthecrowd.Heshoutedlouderandloudertothecrowdgatheredaround.Hisonlywayofenjoyinghimselfistomakeanoise.Thespoiltboydestroyedthetoys.It’sajoytowatchtheboyplayingwithhistoys.Asoftvoice lostthekeysThesamehouse housesandhorsesThesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Samcollectshorse-grassesandallsortsofglasses.Sallyalwayssuffersfromsea-sicknesswhensheisatsea.Lesson10Learnedlongvowels:/i://u://?://a:/Newone:/?:/or word☆worker☆worse☆worker certainly☆term☆serviceir bird☆sir☆birth☆first☆girlur church☆nurse☆fur☆hurtear earth☆learn☆early☆heardAfterw重讀/?/a,e,i,o,u在非重讀音節(jié)中

Christmas☆second☆autumn student☆holidayer,or在非重讀音節(jié)中

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