湖北省高考英語一輪復習基礎知識課件-Unit4-Earthquakes-新人教版必修1

2013屆湖北高考英語一輪復習基礎知識課件：Unit4Earthquakes（新人教版必修1）作佳誦讀注意：1．短文標題與開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2．可根據(jù)圖片提示適當發(fā)揮；3．詞數(shù)：120左右。點考鎖定Ⅰ.重點詞匯1．________n.&v．爆裂；爆發(fā)2．________v．破壞；毀壞；消滅3．________v．(使)震驚；震動n．休克；打擊；震驚4．________n.&v．援救；營救5．________v．埋葬；掩埋；隱藏6．________n．裁判員；法官v．斷定；判斷；判決7．_______adj.發(fā)臭的；有臭味的→_____v．聞到；嗅到8．________n．民族；國家；國民→________adj.國家的9．________n．苦難；痛苦→________v．遭受痛苦10．________adj.極度的________adv.極其地11．________v．損害；傷害→________n．受傷；傷害12．________n．幸存者；殘存物→______v．幸存；生還13．________adj.無用的；無效的→________adj.有用的14．______n．電；電流；電學→_____adj.電的；用電的15．________n．災難；災禍→________adj.災難性的16．________n．記者→________v．報道17．________v．使驚嚇；嚇?！鷂_______adj.受驚嚇的18．________n．祝賀；賀詞→________v．祝賀19．________adv.真誠地；真摯地→________adj.真誠的20．________v．表示；表達→________n．表達；表情答案1．burst

2.destroy

3.shock

4.rescue

5.bury6．judge

7.smelly;smell

8.nation；national9．suffering;suffer

10.extreme;extremely11．injure;injury

12.survivor;survive13．useless;useful

14.electricity;electric15．disaster;disastrous

16.reporter;report17．frighten;frightened

18.congratulation;congratulate19．sincerely;sincere

20.express;expressionⅡ.短語回顧1．right________立刻；馬上2．thinklittle________評價很低；不重視3．________anend終結(jié)；結(jié)束4．cut________橫穿；橫跨5．________ruins嚴重受損；破敗不堪6．________gone不見；不復存在7．________ofthousandsof成千上萬8．be________in陷入……9．soon________在……之后不久10．dig________挖掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)答案1．a(chǎn)way

2.of

3.at

4.across

5.in

6.be7．tens

8.trapped

9.after

10.outⅢ.句式填空1．too...to...太……而不能……Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigswere______________(太緊張而不敢吃東西)．2．a(chǎn)sif引導方式狀語從句______________(仿佛)theworldwasatanend!3．leave＋賓語復合結(jié)構(gòu)Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildren______________(成了孤兒)．4．部分否定____________________(不是所有的希望都破滅了)．5．定語從句及“the＋adj.”表示集合概念Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose______________(被困的)andtobury________________(死者)．

答案1．toonervoustoeat2．Itseemedasif3．wereleftwithoutparents4．Allhopewasnotlost5．whoweretrapped;thedead頻高考點考點單詞

1．burstvi.爆裂；爆發(fā)n．突然破裂；爆發(fā)Thepipeiseasytoburstincoldwinter.在寒冷的冬季管道很容易爆裂。Thepoliceburstinandarrestedthedrugdealer.警察突然闖進來，逮捕了這名毒犯。burstout突然迸發(fā)；爆發(fā)burstoutdoingsth.＝burstinto＋n．突然……起來burstin/into闖進；突然破門而入burstwithanger/grief/joy勃然大怒/悲痛欲絕/樂不可支即境活用1

(2012·遼寧康杰中學月考)Hissudden________ofviolentangerputanunpleasantendtothemeeting.A．break

B．burstC．a(chǎn)ttack D．express[解析]burst爆發(fā)。break休息；attack攻擊；express快車。[答案]B2．ruinn．[U]毀滅；毀壞；崩潰；[常用復數(shù)]廢墟；遺跡vt.(使)毀壞；毀滅；成為廢墟；使破產(chǎn)Theoldfarmhaslongbeenabandonedandcometoruin.這家農(nóng)場很早就已廢棄了，成了廢墟。Thebadweatherhadruinedallmypleasurefortheholiday.糟糕的天氣毀掉了我度假的好心情。

(1)lie/beinruins成為廢墟come/go/falltoruin毀滅；滅亡；崩潰bring...toruin使……毀滅；使……沒落；使……破產(chǎn)(2)ruinoneself毀掉自己，自取滅亡ruinone'shealth/fame/future毀壞某人的健康/聲譽/前途即境活用2

(2012·沈陽二中月考)WehadintendedtovisitourrelativesinSichuan,buttheearthquakehappeningthere________ourplan.A．damaged B．disturbedC．interrupted D．ruined[解析]ruin在一定過程中逐漸對某物體進行破壞，使其毀滅，通常用于抽象意義。[答案]D3．injurevt.損害；傷害；使受傷Luckilyhewasonlyslightlyinjuredintheearthquake.幸運的是，他只是在地震中受了點輕傷?！舅季S拓展】(1)injuredadj.受傷的theinjured受傷的人(集合概念)(2)injuryn.傷；傷口；傷害dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb.傷害某人【易混辨析】injure特指意外事故中造成的傷害。hurt作及物動詞時，表示“受傷”；既可以指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上、情感上的傷害；作不及物動詞時，表示“(身體某個部分)疼痛”。wound通常指由武器造成的傷害，如刀、槍等的傷害，尤其是指在戰(zhàn)場上造成的傷害。harm用于表示精神或肉體上的傷害均可，有時也可指引起不安或不便。還可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。即境活用3

(2012·沈陽二中月考)Fivepassengerswere________inthetrafficaccidentandtheyhaveallbeentakentothenearesthospital.A．injured B．damagedC．destroyed D．ruined[解析]injure在意外事故中受傷。句意：五位乘客在交通事故中受傷并被送往最近的醫(yī)院。[答案]A4．buryvt.掩埋；埋葬；使專心，使沉浸；隱藏Hewalkedslowly,hishandsburiedinhispockets.他走得很慢，兩手插在衣袋里。Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,buryingherheadinthebookinherhands.女孩坐在公園的長凳上，埋頭讀著手里的那本書。bury...in...把……埋到/插到……里bury...alive將……活埋buryoneselfin/beburiedin埋頭于，專注于【思維拓展】表示“專注于某事”的動詞短語還有以下幾個：beabsorbedin,bedevotedto,belostin,focuson,concentrateon等。即境活用4

(2012·沈陽二中月考)________intherumoraboutprivatelife,theactresshadnochoicebuttocommitsuicide.A．Addicted B．BuriedC．Absorbed D．Devoted[解析]buriedinsth.埋頭于；專注于……，在句中作狀語。addicted和devoted后跟介詞to；absorbedin聚精會神做……。[答案]B5．judgen．法官；裁判v．審判；評判；判斷AsfarasIcanjudge,I'mafraidyou'rewrong.以我判斷，恐怕你錯了。Judgingfromwhathesaid,hemustbeanhonestman.從他所說的判斷，他一定是一位誠實的人。actasajudge擔任裁判judgeacase審判案子judgeaspeechcontest擔任演講比賽的評委judgesb.by...根據(jù)……判斷某人judgingfrom/by...根據(jù)……判斷(作狀語)即境活用5

Anyway,thecrowdaroundmewereobviouslyenjoyingtheirdayoutattheraces,________bytheirhappyfacesandthesenseofexcitement.A．observing B．judgingC．considering D．inferring[解析]judgingby通過……判斷，在句中通常作狀語。[答案]B6．honourn.&v.榮譽；贊譽It'sagreathonourtoreceivethatprize.能得到那個獎是無上的榮耀。Sheisanhonourtoourschool.她是我校的光榮。behonouredfor因……受到尊敬behonouredas被尊為feelhonouredtodo因做……而感到榮耀behonouredwith給……以榮譽dosb.anhonour使某人有特殊的榮幸havethehonourofdoingsth.有幸做saveone'shonour保全名譽inhonourof向……表示敬意It'sanhonourtodo...很榮幸做……【易錯提示】honour用作名詞，在表示“榮譽”的意思時為不可數(shù)名詞，在表示“令人感到榮幸的事或人”時，為可數(shù)名詞。即境活用6

Thestreetwasnamedafteragreatman________hisgreatcontributionstothecity.A．inhonourof B．insteadofC．incaseof D．inneedof[解析]inhonourof為了紀念。insteadof而不是；incaseof以防萬一；inneedof需要。[答案]A7．preparevt.準備TheForeignMinisterwasnotpreparedforsuchquestions.外交部長對這樣的問題沒有思想準備。Theadvertisingcampaignisstillinpreparation.廣告宣傳攻勢仍在準備中。preparesth.準備某事(物)preparesth.for...為……準備某事(物)preparefor...為……做準備preparetodosth.準備做某事preparesb./oneselffor.../todosth.使某人/自己做好……的準備be/get(well)preparedforsth./todosth.為……做好了準備；愿意做某事inpreparationfor為……準備makepreparationsfor為……做好準備即境活用7

—Areyou________theexam?—No,Ineedafewmorehours.Istillcan'trememberallthenewwords.A．preparingfor B．preparingC．preparedfor D．prepared[解析]preparefor為……作準備；bepreparedfor為……做好準備的。[答案]C8．shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動n．休克；打擊；震驚Itshocksuswhensomethinglikethathappens.發(fā)生這樣的事使我們感到難以置信。Thenewsofhisdeathcameasashocktousall.他的死訊傳來，大家都感到震驚。Wewereallshockedatthenewsofhisguilty.聽到他的罪行，我們深感震驚。beshockedat...對……感到震驚beshockedtodosth.做某事很震驚beshockedthat...對……很震驚【易錯提示】shock意為“令人震驚的人或事”時為可數(shù)名詞，其前可以與不定冠詞連用。即境活用8

Youcouldeasilyrecognizethathedidn'texpectyourcomingherefromthe________expressiononhisface.A．shocking B．curiousC．shocked D．a(chǎn)ngry[解析]修飾人的表情用shocked,表示“震驚的”。[答案]C9．rescuen.&vt.援救；營救Wehadgivenuphopeofrescue.我們那時已經(jīng)放棄了獲救的希望。Theywereeventuallyrescuedbyhelicopter.他們最后被直升機救走了。come/gotoone'srescue援救某人rescuesb.from...將某人從……中解救出來即境活用9

Theymanagedto________thesailorsfromthesinkingship.A．rescue B．preventC．protect D．keep[解析]rescuesb.from...將某人從……中解救出來。[答案]A10．trapvt.儲存；設陷阱捕捉；使陷入困境n．陷阱，圈套；詭計；埋伏Hewascaughtinatrapofpoverty.他陷入了貧困的窘境。Wesettrapsintheatticforthemice.我們在閣樓里設下了老鼠夾子。betrappedin...被困在……becaughtinatrap陷入困境set/layatrapfor設下圈套trapsb.into(doing)sth.用計捕捉某人或使某人上當即境活用10

Thepoliceman________thethiefintoaplacewherehecouldnotescapeandcaughthim.A．led B．broughtC．caught D．trapped[解析]trap使……陷入困境。[答案]D考點短語

1．a(chǎn)sif仿佛；好像TheoldmantreatsTomasifhewerehisownson.老人對待湯姆就像待他親生兒子一樣?！疽族e提示】asif(＝asthough)引導的從句，謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣。即當從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的動作時，從句用一般過去時態(tài)；當表示與過去事實相反的動作時，用過去完成時態(tài)。Hewalksasifheweredrunk.他走起路來好像醉了。Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.天看起來要下雨了。即境活用11

Helooks________heisangry.A．a(chǎn)sif B．evenifC．eventhough D．if[解析]asif好像。evenif即使；eventhough即使；if如果。[答案]A2．digout挖掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明；取出(不易找到的東西)Thesoldierdugoutthepeopletrappedinruins.戰(zhàn)士們挖出被困在廢墟中的人。digdown挖下去；掏腰包digin掘土以摻進(肥料等)；專心干起來；貪婪地吃diginto...掘到……里面；鉆研……digoneselfin挖壕固守；使自己站住腳digup掘出；挖出；(經(jīng)調(diào)查)發(fā)現(xiàn)；開墾(荒地)即境活用12

I________anoldphotofromthedraweryesterday,whichremindedmeofthedayswespenttogetheronthefarm.A．dugout B．dugintoC．dugin D．dugdown[解析]digout發(fā)現(xiàn)。句意：我昨天從抽屜里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張舊照片，這張照片使我想起了我們在農(nóng)場一起度過的日子。[答案]A3．a(chǎn)(great)numberof許多；大量的(后跟可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù))Thethemeparkattractsagreatnumberofvisitors.主題公園吸引了許多游客?！疽族e提示】thenumberof后接可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)，意為“……的數(shù)目”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。anumberof后接可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)，作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)?！舅季S拓展】表示“數(shù)量”的詞語還有：alotof/lotsof許多；大量(修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞)agreat/bigdealof許多；很多(修飾不可數(shù)名詞)anamountof/amountsof大量的(修飾不可數(shù)名詞)aquantityof/quantitiesof很多；大量(修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞)alittle一些(修飾不可數(shù)名詞)abitof一些(修飾不可數(shù)名詞)agreatmany很多(修飾復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)manya許多(修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)即境活用13

Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,________intheclothesindustry.A．isworking B．worksC．work D．worked[解析]alargenumberof...作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。[答案]C4．a(chǎn)tanend結(jié)束，終結(jié)Theyearisatanend.這一年已到年終了。Themeetingcametoanend.會議結(jié)束了。即境活用14

Itsnowedheavilyforthreedays________andwewereseparatedfromtheoutsideworld.A．intheend B．bytheendC．onend D．a(chǎn)ttheend[解析]onend連續(xù)，符合句意。intheend最終；bytheend到……末；attheend在……末。[答案]C5．bringin帶來；引進Heintendstobringinsomereforms.他打算提出一些改革措施。Hedoesoddjobsthatbringhiminabout￡30aweek.他做零工每周可賺約30英鎊。bringsth.in帶進bringinalotofmoney賺取許多錢bringinsomenewideas提出一些新觀點bringinsb.請某人來即境活用15

Herevisitedhishometownlastmonth,andeverythingthere________hissweetmemoryofhisearlychildhood.A．broughtabout B．broughtupC．broughtback D．broughtin[解析]bringback使回憶起，符合句意。bringabout引起；bringup養(yǎng)大；bringin引進。[答案]C6．giveout發(fā)出；耗盡；分發(fā)Thesungivesoutlightandheattotheearth.太陽向地球發(fā)出光和熱。Boththemanandthehorsegaveoutafterthelongride.趕了很長一段路后，人馬俱乏。Theteachergaveouttheexaminationpapers.教師發(fā)了考卷。即境活用16

(2012·四川南充市月考)ThelocalgovernmentinShenzhenhasrecentlypassedanewregulationforbiddingsupermarketsandstoresto________freeplasticbagstoshoppers,inordertoprotecttheenvironment.A．giveoff B．giveinC．giveup D．giveout[解析]giveout分發(fā)，符合句意。giveoff散發(fā)氣味；givein屈服；giveup放棄。[答案]D7．insteadof代替……，而不是……insteadof后接名詞、代詞、動名詞等。insteadadv.代替，而不是；可置于句首或句末，在句首時常用逗號與后面的句子隔開。Let'splaycardsinsteadofwatchingTV.咱們玩撲克牌吧，別看電視了。Itwilltakedaysbycar.Instead,I'llfly.開車去需要好幾天呢。相反地，我要乘飛機去。

【思維拓展】“代替”的表達方法還有：(1)inplaceofsb.副詞短語，指“代替某人”時還可以用insb'splace。(2)taketheplaceofsb.＝takesb'splace代替某人的職務。(3)giveplaceto讓位于……；被……所代替。即境活用17

(2012·大連二十四中期中考試)______treatingthehomelessmanasashametosociety,Mrs.Wangprovidedhimwithfoodandwater.A．Insteadof B．AsaresultofC．Intheeventof D．Regardlessof[解析]句意：王女士給這個無家可歸的人提供食物和水而不是把他看作社會的羞恥。

insteadof“代替……，而不是……”，其后接名詞、動名詞等；asaresultof由于；intheeventof在……關頭；regardlessof不顧，不管。[答案]A8．thinklittleof輕視；看不起；不重視；認為……沒價值Shethoughtlittleofmywork.她看不起我的工作。Hethoughtlittleofmysuggestion.他不重視我的建議。【思維拓展】thinkalot/much/highlyof...對……評價高thinknotmuch/poorly/littleof對……評價不高thinkbetterofsb.對某人有較高的評價thinknothingofit別在意；沒什么；別客氣thinknothingofsth./doingsth.不把……當回事thinktwiceaboutsth./doingsth.三思而后行thinkaloud自言自語thinkforyourself獨立思考thinkof...as...把……看做……thinkabout考慮thinkof考慮；想出；建議thinkup想出；設計出即境活用18

Thepopularsong________bymostyoungpeople.A．iswellthoughtof B．isthoughthighofC．thinkswellof D．ispoorlythoughtof[解析]thinkwellofsb.的被動形式為bewellthoughtof，意為“高度評價”。[答案]A重點句型1．Inthefarmyard,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.在農(nóng)場里，雞甚至豬都緊張得不吃食。too...to...通常表示“太……而不能……”。Thehouseistoosmalltoholdsomanypeople.

房子太小不能容納這么多人。Hewastootiredtowalkanyfarther.他太疲憊了不能再往前走了?！舅季S拓展】beonlytooglad/pleasedto...求之不得；當然非常愿意can'tbetoo...再……也不過分即境活用19

Lilyhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas________tocarryallthewayhome.A．toomuchheavy B．tooheavymuchC．muchtooheavy D．heavytoomuch[解析]muchtooheavytocarry表示“太重以至于拿不動”。[答案]C2．Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.千萬個家庭死于地震，很多孩子成為孤兒。leave在此句中的意義為“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”，后面用復合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語補足語可以用形容詞、副詞、分詞、不定式或者介詞短語充當。

Sheleftmetotakecareofherbaby.她托我照顧她的嬰兒。Alwaysleavethingswhereyoucanfindthemagain.把東西放到您能找到的地方。Youranswerleavesmuchtobedesired.您的答案很不完善。I'veleftbehindmyhatonthechair.我把帽子忘在椅子上了?！舅季S拓展】leaveabout亂丟；亂放leavefor動身去某地leaveout省略；丟掉leaveover留下，剩下；使延期leave...alone不理會leavebehind忘帶，留下即境活用20

(2012·山東曲阜師大附中期中考試)MostofusdoreadalotinEnglish,butourspeakingandwritingskillsleavemuch________.A．toimprove B．tobeimprovedC．improved D．improved[解析]ourspeakingandwritingskillsleavemuchtobeimproved我們的說寫能力有待于極大提高。[答案]B3．Itseemedasiftheworldwasattheend!世界似乎到了末日！seem可用作連系動詞或不及物動詞，意為“似乎；好像”，用以說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)。ItseemsasifKenwillwintherace.看上去肯定要贏賽跑了。Sheseemedtohaveforgottenherpromise.她似乎已忘記了自己的諾言。【思維拓展】Itseems(tosb.)that/asif...(對某人來說)似乎……seemlike＋n.似乎……；好像……seemtobedoingsth./tohavedonesth.好像正在做/已經(jīng)做了某事seem(tobe)＋n．/adj.似乎是……Thereseems/seemedtobe...好像有……即境活用21

________seemstobeastrongcompetitioninChinaforseniorhighstudentstoentercollegeoruniversity.A．There B．WhatC．That D．It[解析]Thereseemstobe...似乎有……。[答案]A4．Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。句中all...not...意為“并非全部”，表示部分否定。not與表示全部意義的代詞或副詞連用，表示部分否定。這樣的詞有both,all,every,everyone,everybody,everything,everywhere等。not可以放在這些詞的前面，也可以否定動詞。Thewholeplandoesn'twantchanging.并非全部計劃都需要改變。【思維拓展】英語中表示全部否定的詞有neither,none,noone,nobody,nothing,nowhere。Mybrotherhasanicecar,butIhavenone.我哥哥有一輛漂亮的車，但是我沒有。即境活用22

—Theexamwaseasy,wasn'tit?—Yes,butIdon'tthink________couldpassit.A．somebody B．a(chǎn)nybodyC．nobody D．everybody[解析]not...everybody并非每個人都。[答案]D【思維拓展】havesb.dosth.讓某人做某事havesb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事havesb./sth.done使某人/物被……；某人/物遭受……getsb.todosth.讓某人做某事getsth.done讓某事被……getsb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事即境活用23

(2012·沈陽二中月考)Getthepaper________tomakeitsmallerandputitinyourpocket.A．fold B．foldedC．folding D．tofold[解析]thepaper與fold之間為被動關系，故用過去分詞形式作賓補。[答案]B堂課雙基Ⅰ.詞義辨析1．TheSecondWorldWarbroughtgreat________tothepeopleofEuropeandtheworld.A．steam

B．sufferingC．power D．flame[解析]suffering苦難。steam蒸汽；power力量；flame火焰。[答案]B2．Themountainclimbers________inthestormwerefinallyrescuedbyhelicopter.A．ruined B．transportedC．trapped D．sheltered[解析]trap圍困。ruin毀壞；transport運輸；shelter庇護。[答案]C3．I________hopethatyou'llmakeanexcellentengineerinthefuture.A．extremely B．fluentlyC．officially D．sincerely[解析]sincerely真誠地。extremely極其；fluently流利地；officially正式地。[答案]D4．Morethantwentyminerswerereportedtobe________alivewhenthetunnelfellin.A．buried B．damagedC．expressed D．frightened[解析]bury埋，埋葬。damage破壞；express表達；frighten嚇唬。[答案]A5．Don'tyourealizethe________thesechemicalsaredoingtoourenvironment?A．shelter B．trackC．damage D．outline[解析]dodamageto破壞。[答案]C6．Hedefeatedtheothercompetitorsandwontheworld________forthehighjump.A．track B．titleC．judge D．headline[解析]title冠軍。track蹤跡；judge裁判；headline大字標題。[答案]B7．(2012·沈陽二中月考)TheRedCrossturnedtheschoolintoa________forvictimsoftheearthquake.A．kindergarten B．coverC．shelter D．hotel[解析]shelter避難所。cover封面，蓋子；kindergarten幼兒園；hotel旅館。[答案]C8．Heractions________herloveforherchildrenmorethananywordscoulddo.A．commanded B．scheduledC．burst D．expressed[解析]express表達。command指揮；burst爆發(fā)；schedule制定計劃。[答案]D9．Thecaraccidentseemedtohavecompletely________hisconfidence.A．shocked B．requestedC．determined D．destroyed[解析]destroy完全摧毀。shock使震驚；request請求；determine決定。