福建省三明市第一中學英語高考話題復習話題八科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)

話題八：科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)24.puters電腦(Unit3puters,Book2)Thegoalofearlycalculatingmachineswastosimplifydifficultsums.Butwiththehelpofnewtechnology,electronicchipsreplacedtubesandarevolutionofartificialintelligencehasarisen.Fromthenon,theappearanceofputerstotallychangedourlives.Theycannotonlydownloadinformationfromthewetwhenconnectedbythenetworkormobilephonesignals,butalsosolvedifferenttypesoflogicalproblems.Withoperatorsastheircoaches,theycanevencontrolrocketstoexplorethemoonandinstructandroidswiththehumanrace’scharacterstomopfloorsandwatchoveryournaughtyniece.Anyhow,putersaresohelpfulthattheydobringhappiness. However,putersareeasilyattackedbyviruses.Thisrealityhasbeeahardtodealwithproblem.Asaresult,putersaredangerousinaway.So,personally,Iworryabouttheiruniversalapplicationsinsomefields,suchasfinance.早期計算機器的目的是簡化比較難的計算。但是在新技術(shù)的幫助下，電子芯片代替了電子管，一場人工智能革命由此掀起。從那時起，電腦的出現(xiàn)完全改變了我們的生活，它們不僅能在網(wǎng)絡或移動信號的連接下從網(wǎng)上信息，而且可以解決各種類型的邏輯問題。在操作員的教練下，它們甚至還可以控制火箭探索月球，指導具有人類性格的機器人擦洗地板和照顧你調(diào)皮的侄女。不管怎么說，電腦都是如此的有用，以致的確給人們帶來了快樂。然而，電腦很容易受到病毒的攻擊，這一現(xiàn)實已經(jīng)成為一個難以處理的難題，結(jié)果，電腦在某種程度上是很危險的。因此，就個人而言，我很擔心電腦在某些領域，例如金融方面的廣泛應用。25.ExploreMKII探測MKII行星(Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofstars,Book3)MKII,aplanetbillionsofkilometersaway,istheoriginoflifeinmanyreligions.Physicistshaveprovedthetheorythatitsgentleclimateandthepullofitsgravityaresimilartotheearth’s.Andastronomershavefoundthatoxygenatomsandcarbondioxide,whicharefundamentaltolife,existinitsatmospherethroughsatellites.Cheeredupbythisnews,biologists,intheirturn,begantodosomeresearchtoremovepeople’spuzzles—Nowthattherearesomesuitableconditions,doeslifereallyexistonthisglobe?Dotheymultiplybylayingeggsorgivingbirthtobabies?Lastmonth,aspaceshipwassentthere.It’sapitythatthismissionfailed.Unliketheearth,MKIIisamuchyoungerplanet.Thus,massesofharmfulacidcloudsfloateverywherecausingviolentchainreactionstobreakout.Thesecloudsnotonlyblockedoutthepilots’sightbutalsodamagedtheenginesystem.Luckily,thepilotswatchedoutcarefullyandpreventedthespaceshipfromcrashingintime. MK二號是一顆幾十億公里外的行星，它在許多宗教里都是生命起源的地方。物理學家已經(jīng)證明了它溫和的氣候和重力的牽引都和地球相似的理論；天文學家也通過衛(wèi)星，在它的大氣層里發(fā)現(xiàn)了氧原子和二氧化碳的存在，這些都是對生命來說，都是基本的。受到這一消息的鼓舞，生物學家們接著開始了研究以解開人們的迷惑——既然有了適合的條件，生命真的存在于這個星球嗎？他們是通過下蛋，還是產(chǎn)仔來繁殖后代的呢？ 上個月，一艘太空飛船被派到了那兒?？上У氖牵@次任務失敗了。不像地球，MK二號是一顆年輕得多的行星。因此，大團大團的有害酸云到處漂浮，引起猛烈的連鎖反應的爆發(fā)。這些云團不僅阻擋了飛行員的視線，而且還損壞了發(fā)動機系統(tǒng)。幸運的是，飛行員小心注意，才及時阻止了飛船的墜毀。26.HappyMarriageNeedsFightingFor幸福的婚姻需要爭取(Unit2Robots,Book7)Asatalentednavyofficer,hewasboundtobebusy.Whenhiswiferanghimuptodeclareherdivorcealarm,hewasstillscanningadigitalcountertocheckthedatasoastogiveanassessmentofthetheoreticalframeworkforabiochemicalweapon.Hisjuniorstaff’ssympathymadehimfeelembarrassed.Hiswifewasaparttimeclerk.Withhishighbonus,shelivedinagrandhousewithelegantcushionsandbedding.Herfavourwasreadingstars’biographiesorabsurdfictionswithendlesschaptersinherarmchair.Peopleenviedherleisurelifeverymuch.Butinfact,shewastiredofbeingleftalone.Shesentemailstohismailboxeveryweektostateherthinkingandaskforhisacpaniment,butneverreceivedreplyofsatisfaction.Tiredofhisexplanationthathemustobeytheorders,shefiledfordivorce.Becausehedesiredtogettheirholyaffectionback,hesetotheraffairsaside.Hetrimmedhisfingernailsshortandchangedhisoverweightfigureaswellashisawfulhaircut.Heworeanaprontopreparedeliciouscuisineforher.Healsoboughtheranecklaceandpilesofflowershopingthattheirreceivercouldturnaround.Afterbeingtestedoutfor3monthsinall,heeventuallysucceeded.作為一名才華出眾的海軍軍官，他注定是要忙碌的。當他的妻子打來宣布和他離婚的警告時，他還在查看一臺數(shù)碼計數(shù)器核對數(shù)據(jù)，以對一種生物化學武器的理論框架做出評估。他的下級職員表現(xiàn)出的同情使他很尷尬。他的妻子是一位非全日性工作的職員，有了他的高津貼，她住在一所裝飾有優(yōu)雅墊子和寢具的富麗堂皇的屋子里。她的愛好是坐在扶手椅上讀讀明星們的傳記或一些有沒完沒了章節(jié)的荒謬小說。別人都很妒忌她安逸的生活，但是實際上，她厭透了被獨自丟下。她每周都給他的郵箱發(fā)電子郵件陳述她的想法，要求他的陪伴，但卻從未收到滿意答復。受夠了他總是必須服從命令的解釋，她提出了離婚。因為渴望重新獲得這份神圣的愛，他把別的事務都放在一邊。他剪短了指甲，改變了超重的身材和糟糕的發(fā)型，還穿上圍裙為她做可口的菜肴，他甚至還給她買了項鏈和成堆的鮮花，希望它們的接受者能夠回心轉(zhuǎn)意。在經(jīng)受考驗了總共3個月后，他最終成功了。27.BeCarefulaboutCloning謹慎對待克隆(Unit2Cloning,Book8)Afteraseriesofinitialexperimentsandcorrections,thescientist’shardworkpaidoffwhenthetwincloneturkeyswerehatchedwithnormalfeatherandclaws.Thisbreakthroughpossiblyenabledpeopletobringtheiradoredpetsbacktolife.However,itbotheredhimfromtimetotimethattheirhealthwasinpoorconditionbecausetheywereunabletoresistillnesses.Thisdrawbackcasthimdown.Merely2weekslater,theclonesandtheircarrierdied,whichstruckfrustrationintohisheart.Heretiredbeforeheattainedhisambitionandbecameamemberofanoperachorustorelievehisdepression.Shortlyafterwards,themediapublishedaconservativeargumentobjectingtocloningowingtomoralproblems,andsuggestedtheconstitutionincludepulsoryregulationstoforbidobtainingmercialprofitsfromcloning.Wheninterviewed,thescientiststaredatthedecorationsontheceiling,thinkingforawhile,andthensaid,“I’mnotinfavourofanyarbitraryassumption,butundertakingcloningdoesdifferfromthestraightforwardprocedureofmakingloafsoutofflour.Untilweaccumulateenoughexactknowledge,anypracticeisinvainandisboundtofail.Altogether,beingmorecarefulisreasonableorwemaywalkintoasideroad.”在最初一系列的實驗和修正之后，科學家的辛苦工作終于取得了成功，一對雙生的克隆火雞孵化出來，羽毛和爪子都很正常。這一突破或許能讓人們使他們喜愛的寵物死而復生。然而，使他不時地煩惱的是，因為它們無法抵抗疾病，使得它們的健康狀況極差。這個缺點讓他很沮喪。僅僅過了2個星期，克隆體和母體都死亡了，這使他內(nèi)心里充滿了挫折，他也因此在達到自己目標前就退休了，并選擇加入歌劇合唱團來減輕消沉的感覺。之后不久，媒體就因為道德問題而發(fā)表了反對克隆的保守論點，并且建議憲法應該包括強制性的法規(guī)禁止通過克隆獲得商業(yè)利益。當被采訪時，科學家盯著天花板上的裝飾物思考了一會兒，說：“我不贊成任何任意的假設，但是從事克隆與用面粉制作面包的簡單過程確實不大相同。在我們積累了足夠的準確知識前，任何實際操作都是徒勞無功的，注定會失敗?？偠灾?，更加謹慎地對待克隆是合理的，否則我們或許會誤入歧途?！?8.StrangePatentApplications奇怪的專利申請(Unit3Inventorsandinventions,Book8)Withtheexpectationofdistinguishingtheirownimportance,somepeopleleavethebeatentrackandfilestrangeproductswithusnowandthen,forexample,lanternthatcanbeattachedonyourforehead,cubicwalnuts,refrigeratormadeofstrawandglue,perfumethatnobodycanbeartosmell,andsoon.IsetaboutworkinginthecurrentPatentOfficeafterresigningfromthecourtpersonnel.petentanddynamic,Ineverfeelpassivewhiledivingintotheidentificationsofwhetherapplicationsarevalidandpracticalaccordingtothenewversionofthecriteria.。Once,amanmadeatrianglehelicopteroutofstainlesswiresandstring.Hecalledusupandmerrilyclaimeditwasstableandconvenienttouse,andneveroutoforder.Iaskedhimtohangon,butthisinnocentmanjustrangoffandsetouttoflyfromhiscourtyard.Idialedhisnumberinthedirectorytryingtoringhimback,butnevergotthrough.Merciful