山東省濟(jì)南萊州市高三英語上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題（含解析）

山東省濟(jì)南萊州市2021屆高三英語上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題（含解析）

注意事項(xiàng)：

L答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，只交答題卡。

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

BookYourFieldTriptoPacificScienceCenter

AfieldtriptoPacificScienceCenterisatimehonoredtraditionforstudents

ofallagesacrossWashingtonState.Ourhandsonexhibitsshows,andcreativeprograms

inspirestudents,curiosityforscienceinadayofexplorationmeanttostrengthen

yourcurriculumandfuellifelongenthusiasmforscience,math,engineeringand

technology.

Schedule（安排）YourFieldTrip

Toscheduleyourfieldtrip,pletetheregistrationrequestformavailableat

thelinkpacificsciencecenter,org/fieldtripsl/,orcall（206）4432925Monday-

Fridayfrom8:30a.m.to4:30p.m.notlessthantwoweeksaheadofyourvisitdate.

Wewillcontactyouwithintwobusinessdaystosetupyourfieldtrip.

NewFall/winterHours

StartingSeptember3,2019PacSciwillbeclosedonMondaysandTuesdaysexcept

forholidaysandweeksduringSeattlePublicSchoolbreaks.Wewillnolongerbe

bookingfieldtripsonthosedays,aswell.

Pricing

FieldTrip

PricePerStudent

Package

ExhibitsOnly$9

Package1Exhibitspluschoiceofoneexperiences$11

Package2Exhibitspluschoiceoftwoexperiences$13

Package3Exhibitspluschoiceofthreeexperiences$15

Onefreeadultgeneraladmissioniscoveredforevery10paidstudents.Freeadult

admissiondoesn,tincludeIMAXdocumentary.Theseadultswillbechargeda$4IMAX

documentaryadmission.Additionaladultsoutsideoftheratio（比例）willbecharged

thestudentadmissionrate.PacificScienceCenterMembershipscannotbeappliedto

fieldtrips.Paymentisdueoneweekbeforeyouvisit.

AvailableExperiences

■PlanetariumShows

■IMAXDocumentaries

■ScienceonaSphereShows

■LaserShows

1.WhatcanweknowaboutPacificScienceCenter?

A.Itisfamousforitstypicalarchitecture.

B.Itoffersstudentschancesforfreeclasses.

C.It'swherestudentscanlearnaboutscience.

D.ItisonlyaccessibletostudentsinWashington.

2.If2teachersand10studentswatchexhibitsandIMAXDocumentaries,howmuchwill

theyatleastpay?

A.$118,B.$125.

C.$127.D.$134.

3.Whencanwereserveafieldtripbyphone?

A.Onweekends.

B.AnyMondayorTuesday.

C.Twoworkdaysaheadofthevisittime.

D.Atleast14daysbeforetheactualvisit.

【答案】1.C2.B3.D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了預(yù)定到太平洋科學(xué)中心實(shí)地考察旅行的相關(guān)事項(xiàng)。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Ourhandsonexhibits,shows,andcreativeprogramsinspire

students'curiosityforscienceinadayofexplorationmeanttostrengthenyour

curriculumandfuellifelongenthusiasmforscience,math,engineeringandtechnology.

我們的手工展覽、表演和創(chuàng)意項(xiàng)目激發(fā)了學(xué)生對(duì)科學(xué)的好奇心，在這一天的探索意味著加強(qiáng)

您的課程和推動(dòng)對(duì)科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、工程和技術(shù)的終身熱情。可知，學(xué)生們可以在太平洋科學(xué)中

心這里學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)知識(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。

2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Pricing中Package1：Exhibitspluschoiceofoneexperiences$11

可知，10個(gè)學(xué)生的費(fèi)用是11*10=110美元；再根據(jù)Onefreeadultgeneraladmissionis

coveredforevery10paidstudents.Freeadultadmissiondoesn,tincludeIMAX

documentary.Theseadultswillbechargeda$4IMAXdocumentaryadmission.Additional

adultsoutsideoftheratio(比例J)willbechargedthestudentadmissionrate.每

10名付費(fèi)學(xué)生可免費(fèi)獲得一次成人普通入場(chǎng)券。免費(fèi)成人門票不包括IMAX紀(jì)錄片。這些成年

人將收取4美元的IMAX紀(jì)錄片門票。超出這一比例的成人將按學(xué)生入場(chǎng)價(jià)格收費(fèi)。可知，兩

名教師的費(fèi)用是4+11=15美元。因此全部?jī)r(jià)格是125美元。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Schedule(安排)YourFieldTrip中…orcall(206)4432925Monday—

Fridayfrom8:30a.m.to4:30p.m.notlessthantwoweeksaheadofyourvisitdate.

請(qǐng)?jiān)谠L問日期前不少于兩周，在周一至周五上午8:30至下午4:30,可以打(206)4432925

預(yù)定您的實(shí)地考察?？芍?，至少在實(shí)地考察前2周，也就是至少14天前打預(yù)定。故選D

項(xiàng)。

B

Anairlinepassengerensureda20yearoldmanwasreunitedwithhislost

walletalongwithalittleextrasomethingtomakeupfortheirtimeapart.

HunterShamattfirstlosthiswalletwhilehewasonaFrontierAirlinesflight

fromOmahatoattendhissister，sweddinginLasVegasearlierthismonth.Onrealizing

hiswalletwaslost,hecontactedtheairlinetoseeifanyonehadturneditin—but

tonoavail.SincethewalletcontainedhisID,asignedpaycheck,hisdebitcard

and$60incash,heafearedtheworst”.

Shortlyaftertheflight,however,Hunterwasshockedtoreceiveapackagein

themailfromanunknownsender.Insidewashiswalletalongwithanadditional$40

incash.

“FoundthisonaFrontierflightfromOmahatoDenverrow12,seatFstuckbetween

theseatandwall,“readaletterinthepackage."Thoughtyoumightwantithack.

Allthebest.PS:Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100soyoucouldcelebrategetting

yourwallethack.Havefun!”

Hunter'smother,Jeannie,postedaphotoofthelettertosocialmediainhopes

thattheywouldbeabletotrackdownthesenderandthankthemfortheirkindness.

AlltheyhadtogoonwasthattheletterwassentfromAppliedUnderwritersinOmaha

andthesender，sinitialsweresigned:〃T.B〃.

TheGoodManwaslateridentifiedasToddBrown,afatheroffivewhowasdelighted

atthechanceto"havealittlefun〃withhelpingoutahardworkingstranger.Brown

saysthatheoftentriestodogooddeedswithoutanyrecognition,thuswhyhedidn，t

signhisfullnameontheletter,butJeannielaterinsistedonpraisingtheNebraska

nativeonsocialmedia.

“Itrytoteachmychildrentodotherightthingsinlife,helppeoplewhen

youcandespitetheoute,“shewroteonFacebook."Thisstoryismoreaboutrestoring

faithinpeoplethananything”.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tonoavail"inparagraph2mean?

A.Underdiscussion.B.Invain.C.Beyondbelief.D.Ata

loss.

5.WhydidJeannieuploadapictureofthelettertosocialmedia?

A.Tothrowlightonthetruth.

B.TodrawattentiontoHunter'slostwallet.

C.Tofindoutthesendertoexpressgratefulness.

D.Tosinghighpraiseforthesender*sgenerosity.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBrown?

A.Innocent.B.Warmhearted.C.Romantic.D.

Easygoing.

7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HunterShamattaLuckyManB.YoungPassengerReuniteswith

Sister

C.HelpingNeedyPeopleIsaGreatVirtueD.StrangerReturnsLostWalletwith

MoreCashInside

【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D

【解析】

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講敘了Hunter在一次乘坐飛機(jī)時(shí)，丟失了自己的錢包，聯(lián)系航空

公司也沒有找到，后來卻收到了一個(gè)未知寄件人的包裹，里面有Hunter的錢包，還有另外的

40美元現(xiàn)金。他的母親在社交媒體上發(fā)布了包裹的信息，希望找到這個(gè)好心人，最后找到了

熱心的寄件人ToddBrown,

"題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段Shortlyaftertheflight,however,Hunterwasshockedtoreceive

apackageinthemailfromanunknownsender.Insidewashiswalletalongwithan

additional$40incash.可知然而,在這次飛行后不久,Hunter震驚地收到了一個(gè)來自未知

寄件人的包裹。里面是他的錢包，還有另外的40美元現(xiàn)金。由此可知，當(dāng)Hunter意識(shí)到自

己的錢包丟失時(shí)，他聯(lián)系了航空公司，看是否有人歸還了錢包，結(jié)果是徒勞的，錢包沒有找

到，是不久之后有人寄給了他錢包的。即，劃線短語意思為“徒勞地”。A.Underdiscussion.

正在討論中；B.Invain.徒勞，無效；C.Beyondbelief.難以置信；D.Ataloss.茫然。

故選Bo

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中Hunter'smother,Jeannie,postedaphotooftheletterto

socialmediainhopesthattheywouldbeabletotrackdownthesenderandthankthem

fortheirkindness.可知Hunter的母親Jeannie在社交媒體上發(fā)布了這封信的照片，希望

他們能找到寄件人，并感謝他們的好意。由此可知，Jeannie要把這封信的照片上傳到社交媒

體上，是為了找出寄件人，并表達(dá)感激。故選C。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Brownsaysthatheoftentriestodogooddeedswithout

anyrecognition,thuswhyhedidn'tsignhisfullnameontheletter,butJeannie

laterinsistedonpraisingtheNebraskanativeonsocialmedia.可知Brown說，他經(jīng)

常試圖做一些沒有得到任何認(rèn)可的好事，因此他沒有在信上簽下自己的全名，但Jeannie后

來堅(jiān)持在社交媒體上稱贊這位內(nèi)布拉斯加人。由此可推知，Brown是個(gè)熱心的人。故選B。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Anairlinepassengerensureda20yearoldmanwasreunitedwith

hislostwalletalongwithalittleextrasomethingtomakeupfortheirtimeapart.

可知一名航空乘客幫助一名20歲的男子找回了丟失的錢包，還捎帶了一些額外的東西來彌補(bǔ)

他們分開的時(shí)間。結(jié)合文章主要講敘了Hunter在一次乘坐飛機(jī)時(shí)，丟失了自己的錢包，聯(lián)系

航空公司也沒有找到，后來卻收到了一個(gè)未知寄件人的包裹，里面有Hunter的錢包，還有另

外的40美元現(xiàn)金。他的母親在社交媒體上發(fā)布了包裹的信息，希望找到這個(gè)好心人，最后找

到了熱心的寄件人ToddBrown。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“陌生人歸還丟失的錢包，里面有更多的

現(xiàn)金”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。

C

Beesareessentialforthepollinationofflowers,fruitsandvegetables.Sadly,

overthepast15years,theglobalpopulationofthehardworkinginsectshasbeen

droppingworldwideatalarmingratesduetolossoffoodandhabitat.Now,Dutchcities

areingupwithcreativeideastohelpstemthepopulationdecreaseofthese

allimportantinsects.

InAmsterdam,beescanliveforfreeinspeciallybuilt“hotels“一tallwooden

structures-acrossthecity.Whiletheymaynotlooklikemuchtotheuntrained

eye,theyprovideperfecthomesformembersoftheover200knownspeciesofsolitary

bees.Asthenameindicates,theinsectsspendtheirlivesalone.Thesmartinsects

nestinsideholesliketheonesprovidedbytheinsecthotels,markingtheiroccupancy

bycoveringtheentrancewithamud"door”.Thoughunabletoproducehoney,solitary

beesareexcellentpollinatorsandperformanessentialroleinmanyecosystems.

Additionally,cityofficialsarealsoeducatingpeopleontheuseofharmful

chemicalsandareprovidingprizemoneytoencouragedeveloperstobuildgreenroofs

andpopulatethemwithlocalplants.In2015,theysetagoaltochangesomeplants

inpublicgreenspacestonativeplants.Geert,oneofeightecologistsworkingfor

thecity,says,“Ourideaiswhenwedesignapark,weusenativespeciesbutalso

thespeciesthatgivealotoffloweringandfruitforbees."Manypeople,withhelp

fromthegovernment,arereplacingthesidewalksoutsidetheirhomeswithsmall

gardensfeaturingflowers.

InUtrecht,busstoproofsaregraduallybeingturnedintobeautiful,living

gardensdesignedtoattractvarietiesofbeespecies.Thegreenroofs,whichnaturally

collectbothrainwateranddust,arealsobeneficialfortheenvironment.

Thesecities'collectiveeffortsseemtobeworking.Arecentstudyfoundthat

thevarietyofbeespeciestherehasincreasedbyanastonishing45percentsince

2000.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"stem”inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Review.B.Stop.C.Monitor.D.Improve.

9.WhatysspecialaboutthebeesinAmsterdam?

A.They'renotsocialinsects.

B.Theymakehighqualityhoney.

C.Theyliketonesttogetherinwoods.

D.They'rescaredofotherspeciesofbees.

10.Whatarebusstopgreenroofsmainlymeanttodo?

A.Collectrainwaterforfutureuse.

B.Plantflowersforenjoyment.

C.Drawbeestothem.

D.Cleardustaway.

11.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Protectingtheenvironment.

B.Importanceofbeesinecosystems.

C.Designideasofinsecthotelsandbeestops.

D.Dutchcities'attemptstorestorebeepopulation.

【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述近年來蜜蜂數(shù)量正在以驚人的速度下降?，F(xiàn)在荷蘭的一些城

市采取了多種措施努力增加蜜蜂的數(shù)量，并取得了可喜的成果。

【8題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段utheglobalpopulationofthehardworkinginsectshasbeen

droppingworldwideatalarmingratesduetolossoffoodandhabitat.”由于食物

和棲息地的喪失，全球勤勞昆蟲的數(shù)量以驚人的速度下降可知，荷蘭的城市要做的是幫助阻

止這些非常重要的昆蟲的數(shù)量減少。故此處“stem”意為“阻止”。故選B項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Asthenameindicates,theinsectsspendtheirlivesalone.v

顧名思義，昆蟲獨(dú)自生活。由此判斷出，阿姆斯特丹的蜜蜂不是群居昆蟲。故選A項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“InUtrecht,busstoproofsaregraduallybeingturnedinto

beautiful,livinggardensdesignedtoattractvarietiesofbeespecies.”在Utrecht,

公共汽車站的屋頂正逐漸變成美麗的、有活力的花園，旨在吸引各種蜜蜂。由此判斷出，公

交車站綠化屋頂?shù)闹饕康氖前衙鄯湮^來。故選C項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Now,Dutchcitiesareingupwithcreativeideastohelpstem

thepopulationdecreaseoftheseallimportantinsects.現(xiàn)在，荷蘭的城市正在想一

些有創(chuàng)意的想法來幫助阻止這些非常重要的昆蟲的數(shù)量減少；和最后一段“Thesecities'

collectiveeffortsseemtobeworking.這些城市的集體努力似乎奏效了可知,文章主

要講荷蘭城市試圖恢復(fù)蜜蜂數(shù)量。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Overthelast25years,psychologistshavefoundthatpersonalitiescenteron

fivebasictraits（特性）一theBigFive:agreeableness,conscientiousness（責(zé)任心），

neuroticism,extroversionandopenness.Contrarytomonbelief,peoplejustaren,t

organizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.Everytraitisacontinuousdimensionand

everyonecanbedescribedashavingvaryinglevelsofeachtrait.Anewresearchhas

alsofoundanimalsfromantstoapesallhavetheBigFiveandthattheuniversality

ofpersonalitypointstoanevolutionary（進(jìn)化）origin.

Animalsandhumanshavemonproblemsofsurvival,whicharespelledout

beautifullyintheBigFive,andthat'swhythereyssomuchcontinuityinhuman

personalityandanimalpersonality.Forexample,conscientiousnessinvolves

behaviors1ikeplanningandconsideration,whichareimportantamonganimalsfor

takingcareoftheiryoung,selectingmatesandlivingingroups.Beingneatand

orderly—aspectsofconscientiousnessalsohasevolutionarysuperiority.Beesthat

liketokeepcleanandremovemoredeadgroupmembersreduceriskofdisease,gain

moreweightandreproducemoreSpidersthatmaketidywebscatchmoreinsects.Birds

thatbuildneaterandsolidernestsattractmoremates.

Thesebehaviorsmayseemprimitive,butthey'reneverthelessindicationsof

personality.Personalityistheexpressionofallofthebehaviorsthathumansand

animalsexhibitthatallowthemtofunctionadaptivelyintheworld.

Evolutioncanalsoexplainwhypersonalitiesvarysomuch.Dependingonthe

situation,eachoftheBigFivecanbeadvantageous.Forexample,agreeablenessis

greatforrelationships.Butifalionwerechargingatyou,you'dbebetteroff

withalessagreeableandmoreaggressivepersonality.Becausetheworldisso

unpredictable,everyaspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferent

times,soinsteadofevolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythatJsbestforevery

situation,we'releftwithawidevariety.

12.Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes?

A.Differentpersonalitytypeshaverespectivestrengths.

B.Everyonefallsintoaparticularpersonalitytype.

C.Peoplewithmonpersonalitytypesgather,

D.Everyonehasmixedpersonalitytypes.

13.What'sthepurposeofmentioningsomeanimalsinParagraph2?

A.Toillustratetheadvantagesofbeingconscientious.

B.Toanalyzesurvivalchancesofcooperativeanimals.

C.Toexplainwhytheyaretidyandorderly.

D.Tothrownewlightontheirbehavior.

14.Whydowedisplayacertainpersonalityinaspecificsituation?

A.Tobefreeoftrouble.

B.Tobeadaptivetocircumstances.

C.Topeteforequalrights.

D.Togainadvantagesoverothers.

15.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?

A.Personalityandbehavior.

B.CategoriesofBigFive.

C.Contradictoryfactsonpersonality.

D.Diversityandvariabilityofpersonality.

【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D

【解析】

【分析】

本文是說明文。在過去的25年里，心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，人格主要集中在五種基本特征上一一大五

類人格：宜人性、盡責(zé)性、神經(jīng)質(zhì)、外向性和開放性。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，從螞蟻到猿類，所有動(dòng)

物都有大五人格，這種個(gè)性的普遍性指向了一個(gè)進(jìn)化起源。每種人格特征的每個(gè)方面都可能

在不同的時(shí)間有用，所以我們沒有進(jìn)化出一種適合每種情況的單一人格類型，而是留下了多

種多樣的個(gè)性。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Contrarytomonbelief,peoplejustaren'torganizedinto

certainpersonalitytypes.（與普遍的看法相反，人們并不是按照特定的性格類型組織起

來的）可推知，人們通常認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都屬于某種特定的性格類型。故選B。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Animalsandhumanshavemonproblemsofsurvival,which

arespelledoutbeautifullyintheBigFive,andthat'swhythere?ssomuch

continuityinhumanpersonalityandanimalpersonality.（動(dòng)物和人類都有共同的生存

問題，這在大五類人格中被完美地闡述了出來，這就是為什么人類和動(dòng)物的人格具有如此多

的連續(xù)性）及隨后提到了一些動(dòng)物的例子可推知，在第二段中提到一些動(dòng)物的目的是為了對(duì)它

們的行為進(jìn)行新的解釋。故選A。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Dependingonthesituation,eachoftheBigFivecanbe

advantageous.Forexample,agreeablenessisgreatforrelationships.Butifalion

werechargingatyou,you,dbebetteroffwithalessagreeableandmoreaggressive

personality.（視情況而定，大五類人格中的每一個(gè)都可能是有利的。例如，宜人性對(duì)人際

關(guān)系很重要。但如果獅子向你沖來，你最好選擇一個(gè)不那么隨和、更具攻擊性的個(gè)性）可推知，

我們表現(xiàn)出特定的個(gè)性是為了適應(yīng)特定的環(huán)境。故選B。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的Overthelast25years,psychologistshavefoundthat

personalitiescenteronfivebasictraits（特性）一theBigFive:agreeableness,

conscientiousness（責(zé)任心），neuroticism,extroversionandopenness.（在過去的25年

里，心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，人格主要集中在五種基本特征上一一大五類人格：宜人性、盡責(zé)性、神

經(jīng)質(zhì)、外向性和開放性）及最后一段中的Becausetheworldissounpredictable,every

aspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferenttimes,soinsteadof

evolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythat'sbestforeverysituation,we'releft

withawidevariety.（因?yàn)槭澜缡侨绱瞬豢深A(yù)測(cè)，每種人格特征的每個(gè)方面都可能在不同

的時(shí)間有用，所以我們沒有進(jìn)化出一種適合每種情況的單一人格類型，而是留下了多種多樣

的個(gè)性）可知，文章主要論述了人格的多樣性和可變性。故選D。

【點(diǎn)睛】在做推理判斷題時(shí)不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合

乎邏輯的推理判斷。如第1小題,Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes?

要求判斷出人們通常怎么看待性格類型。根據(jù)第一段中的Contrarytomonbelief,people

justaren,torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.（與普遍的看法相反，人們并

不是按照特定的性格類型組織起來的）可推知，人們通常認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都屬于某種特定的性格類

型。故選B

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Cultureshockistheemotionalandmentalreactiontobeinginapletelynew

culturalenvironment.16itgenerallyconsistsofseveralstagesoffeelings.

The“honeymoonstagewisusually,thefirststagethatpeoplegothroughwhen

surroundedbydifferentculturalvaluesandlifestyles.Duringthisstage,people

havepositiveimagesoftheirnewculturalsurroundings.Theytendtoviewthesein

anidealisticwayandignoreproblems.17Thisstageisusuallyquiteshort

andquicklyreplacedbythesecondstagecalled“thefrustrationstage

Duringthefrustrationstage”,newersbegintoactnegatively.18

Visitorstendtoexaggerate（夸大）problemsinthenewculture.Theymayfeelisolated

（孤立）duringthisstage.Dependingonone'ssituation,thisstagecanlastdays,

months,orevenyears.

Withthefrustrationstageending,theadjustmentstagebegins.Thismarksthe

timewhennewerstrytheirbesttoacceptthedifferencesofthenewcultureandthe

challengesofeverydaylife.

19Somenewersentertheamasterystage”andarepletelyaccustomedto

thevaluesandbeliefsofthenewculture.Theyareabletohandlethenewculture

likeanativewhilekeepingsomeoftheirownoriginalculturalvalues.Somechoose

therejectionstage“anddecideagainstfittinginwiththenewculture.20

Othernewerspletelyadopttheidentityofthenewcultureandgiveupthevalues

andbeliefsoftheirhomeculture.

A.Meetingnewpeopleisseenasfascinating.

B.Thenewculturalsurroundingsarenolongernovel.

C.Theyregaintheirsenseofbalanceandbeeconfident.

D.Thisprocessopensthedoortothreepossibleoutes.

E.Formanypeoplethisisoftenaverydifficultexperience.

F.Apersonexperiencingcultureshockmaydisplaymanysymptoms.

G.Theyusuallypermanentlywithdrawfromtheculturethroughisolationorreturning

home.

【答案】16.E17.A18.B19.C20.G

【解析】

【16題詳解】

本文開篇提到了“文化休克”這一現(xiàn)象。E選項(xiàng)Formanypeoplethisisoftenavery

difficultexperience.“對(duì)于很多人來說這是一個(gè)很困難的經(jīng)歷”，切題。句中this代指

Cultureshocko故E選項(xiàng)正確。

【17題詳解】

本段主要是關(guān)于“文化休克”中的蜜月期。在這個(gè)階段人們對(duì)于周圍的新事物反應(yīng)會(huì)很積極，

肯定。故A項(xiàng)Meetingnewpeopleisseenasfascinating.”遇見新的面孔是令人著迷的。”

切題。

【18題詳解】

文章第三段主要是關(guān)于“文化休克”中的“挫折期”。在這一階段，新人們會(huì)變的消極。B選

項(xiàng)Thenewculturalsurroundingsarenolongernovel.”新的文化環(huán)境不再新穎”切題。

【19題詳解】

本段主要是關(guān)于“文化休克”中的“精通階段”。后句Somenewersenterthe"mastery

stage“andarepletelyaccustomedtothevaluesandbeliefsofthenewculture.

提到新來者會(huì)完全習(xí)慣于新文化的價(jià)值觀和信念。故C選項(xiàng)Theyregaintheirsenseof

balanceandbeeconfident.“他們會(huì)重獲平衡并建立自信”切題。

【20題詳解】

前句Somechoosethe“rejectionstage“anddecideagainstfittinginwiththenew

culture.提到有些人選擇“排斥期”，在這個(gè)階段他們會(huì)反對(duì)融入新的文化。故G選項(xiàng)They

usuallypermanentlywithdrawfromtheculturethroughisolationorreturning

home.“他們會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)通過自我孤立和返回原籍來逃避新的文化”切題。

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳

選項(xiàng)。

13yearoldMadisonwasstudyingathomewhenhermotherburstin.Shesaidaboy

hadfallenintoaseptictank（化糞池）andmadeanurgent21forMadison's

help.

Theyrantoaneighbor'syard,wheretheanxiousadultssurroundedtheseptic

tankopening22widerthanabasketball.Theboy,agedonly2,hadslippedin

andwasdrowning.

Madisonquickly23thesituation.Shewastheonlyonewhocould24

throughthesmal1opening.Withouthesitation,shegotclosetotheopeningandsaid,

“25mein,”

Somepeopleheldherwaistand26.Shewiggled（扭動(dòng)）armsandshoulders

untilshe27theopening.Inside,thetankwasdarkandtheairsmelly.When

shestuckherarmsintothedirtywater,shejammedherleftwristagainstahidden

stick,28itseverely.

29tendtoherinjury,Madisonscannedthesurfaceofthedirtywater,hoping

tofeeltheunderwaterboy.Suddenlyshesawhislittletoesstickout.Whenspotting

thevague30ofhisfootagain,Madisonshotouther31hand,grasped

thefoottightlyandshouted,“Pullmeup!”

Astheynearlyreachedthesurface,theboy'sotherfootgotstuck.Shewiggled

hisfootuntilitwas32.Eventuallytheywereliftedout.

33,thekidwasn,toutoftrouble.Havingsufferedfromlackof

34thatlong,hewasn'tbreathing.Hewasthengivenhardhitsonthe

backuntilhecoughedupwater.Atthesightofthis,Madisonsighedwithrelief.

Madisonreceivedmonthsoftreatmentforherwrist,whichmadeher35

actionsmoreimpressive.

21.A.appointmentB.attemptC.choiceD.request

22.A.partlyB.previouslyC.slightlyD.

dramatically

23.A.tackledB.examinedc.disturbedD.lost

24.A.lookB.jumpc.fillD.fit

25.A.ThrowB.Lowerc.ForceD.Push

26.A.legsB.armsc.headD.hands

27.A.adjustedtoB.gotthroughc.toredownD.heldon

to

28.A.touchingB.trappingc.injuringD.striking

29.A.InanefforttoB.Ratherthanc.LikelytoD.Readyto

30.A.skinB.gesturec.pictureD.outline

31.A.leftB.singlec.goodD.clumsy

32.A.frozenB.freec.flexibleD.bare

33.A.HoweverB.Insteadc.ThereforeD.

Personally

34.A.protectionB.oxygenc.gravityD.energy

35.A.unselfishB.thoughtlessC.unconsciousD.random

【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.B28.C29.

B30.D31.C32.B33.A34.B35.A

【解析】

這是一篇記敘文。本文敘述了女孩麥迪遜不顧自身安危，英勇進(jìn)入化糞池營(yíng)救小男孩的感人

事跡。

21題詳解】

考查名詞詞詞義辨析。句意：她說一個(gè)男孩掉進(jìn)了化糞池，并緊急請(qǐng)求麥迪遜的幫助。A.

appointment預(yù)約；B.attempt嘗試；C.choice選擇；D.request請(qǐng)求。根據(jù)"Shesaid

aboyhadfallenintoaseptictank”可知，麥迪遜的母親說一個(gè)小男孩掉進(jìn)化糞池，因

此，她來請(qǐng)求（request）麥迪遜幫忙。makeanurgentrequestforhelp向某人緊急求助。

故選D項(xiàng)。

【22題詳解】

考查副詞詞詞義辨析。句意：他們跑到鄰居家的院子里，焦急的成年人圍著比籃球稍寬的一

點(diǎn)的化糞池開口處。A.partly部分地；B.previously之前地；C.slightly稍稍地；D.

dramatically顯著地。根據(jù)"Theboy,agedonly2,hadslippedinandwasdrowning."

可知，掉進(jìn)化糞池的男孩才2歲，可推知，化糞池的開口不大，比籃球直徑稍稍（slightly）

寬一點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。

[23題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：麥迪遜很快檢查了情況。A.tackled解決；B.examined檢查；

C.disturbed干擾；D.lost失去。根據(jù)"Shewastheonlyonewhocould4through

thesmallopening.可知，麥迪遜檢查了（examined）周圍都是成年人以及化糞池洞口的

這幾個(gè)情況，只有他身體比較小，能夠穿進(jìn)洞口。故選B項(xiàng)。

[24題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞詞義辨析。句意:她是唯一一個(gè)能穿過這個(gè)小洞的人。A.look看；B.jump跳;

C.fill填；D.fit適合，容納。根據(jù)上文wwheretheanxiousadultssurroundedtheseptic

tankopening2widerthanabasketball.M可知，當(dāng)麥迪遜到達(dá)的時(shí)候，圍在化糞

池洞口的都是成年人，只有她是孩子，能夠適合（fit）穿過那個(gè)洞口。故選D項(xiàng)。

【25題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她毫不猶豫地走近洞口說：