污水零排放技術FETWWTOAM

污水零排放技術FETWWTOAM2024/3/29污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSESSION1IntroductionofCourse/ParticipantsCourseOutlineText:TreatmentofMetalWastestreamsNeedforTreatment(Chapter1)RegulatoryOverviewOpportunitiesSourcesofWastewater(Chapter2)MaterialSafetyDataSheets[MSDS](Chapter3)EmployeeRight-To-Know(Chapter4)ArithmeticProblems(AppendixIII)MethodsofTreatment(Chapter5)BatchandContinuousProcesses(5.0)Neutralization(5.1)CommonMetalsRemoval(5.2)ComplexMetalsRemoval(5.3)ReductionHexChrome(5.4)CyanideDestruction(5.5)污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMCOURSEOUTLINEOCTOBER4 Introduction/Overview Robert

Peschel RegulatoryOverview BasicMath BasicsofTreatment HexavalentChromeReduction CyanideDestructionMetalsRemoval ExampleCalculations/ProblemsOCTOBER11OilyWasteRemoval ScottHartayControlofSolvents/ToxicOrganicsSludgeTreatment&Disposal

SamplingFlowMeasurements SteveGalewski LaboratorySupport ExampleCalculations/ProblemsOCTOBER18 Operation&Maintenance TBD Equipment&Instrumentation ExampleCalculations/Problems RecoveryTechnologies KennethKaszubowskiOCTOBER25 TourofPretreatmentSystem CourseReview RickFulk污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMNEEDFORTREATMENTREGULATORYOVERVIEWCleanWaterActObjectiveandGoalsPoliciesStructureImportantSectionsNPDESPretreatmentStormwater污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMOBJECTIVEOFCWATorestoreandmaintainthechemical,physical,andbiologicalintegrityofthenation’swaters GOALSOFCWAAchievefishableandswimmablewaterby1983(interim)Eliminatethedischargeofpollutantsintonavigablewatersby1985污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMNATIONALPOLICIESOFCWAProhibitdischargeoftoxicsintoxicamountsProvidefederalassistancetoconstructPOTWsDevelopandimplementarea-widewastetreatmentmanagementplantsineachstate(208plans)ConductR&DnecessarytodevelopzerodischargetechnologyDevelopprogramstocontrolnon-pointsourcesofpollutionEncouragetheminimizationofpaperworkandinteragencydecisions污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSTRUCTUREOFACTTitle1ResearchandRelatedProgramsTitle2GrantsforPOTWConstructionTitle3StandardsandEnforcementTitle4PermitsandLicensesTitle5GeneralProvisionsTitle6StateRevolvingFunds污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMTITLE1

RESEARCHANDRELATEDPROGRAMSObjective,goals,andpoliciesCoordinationbetweenstateandfederalagenciesDevelopresearchprojectsDevelopdemonstrationprojectsDevelopoperatortrainingprogramsDevelopspecificprograms(GLNPO)污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMTITLE2

CONSTRUCTIONGRANTSFederalgrantprogramAuthorizesfundingDefineseligibleprojectsSetsparticipationrequirementsEstablishesplanningprograms(208)Establishesallotmentformula污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMTITLE3

STANDARDSANDENFORCEMENTStandardsandstandardsettingproceduresPollutants(priority)DeadlinesVariances&waiversWaterqualitycriteriaInventoriesofwaterqualityMonitoring&recordkeepingEnforcementprogramsSpillsofhazardoussubstances污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMTITLE4

PERMITSANDLICENSESNPDESpermitsystemDischargercertification/publiccommentDelegationtostatesAnti-backslidingStormwaterdischargesOceandischargesDredge&filloperationsSludgedisposal/management污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMTITLE5

GENERALPROVISISONSGrantsauthoritytoEPAtocarryoutlawProvideskeydefinitionsCreatesadvisoryboardsCitizenssuitprovisionEmployeeprotectionforreportingviolationsSupplyofgoods&servicestofederalgovernmentPeriodicneedssurveysAmericanIndiantribestreatedlikestatesStateauthorityforNPDES/PretreatmentPrograms污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMEFFLUENTLIMITATIONSSourcecategorybasisIndustrialcategoriesTechnologybasedlimitsConventionalandtoxicpollutantsLocallimits污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMEFFLUENTLIMITATIONSDirectdischarges–NPDESIndirectdischarges–toPOTWExistingsources(3years)Newsources(90days)BPT,BCT,BAT,BADCTConcentrationvs.mass污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSTANDARDSBPT-BestPracticableControlTechnology.Currentlyavailable.Subjecttocost-benefitanalysis.(middlegroundbetweenBCTandBAT)BCT-

BestConventionalControlTechnologySubjecttocosteffectivenessstandard.Mustbemetwithinthreeyearsofeffectiveguidelinesor3/89.BAT-

BestAvailableTechnologyEconomicallyAchievable.Deemedachievableunlessplantclosurewouldresult.Mustbeinstalledwithinthreeyearsofguidelineor3/89.BADCT-fornewsources(NSPS).BestAvailableDemonstrableControlTechnologyNSPS-

NewSourcePerformanceStandardsPSNS-

PretreatmentStandardsforNewSourcesPSES-PretreatmentStandardsforExistingSources污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMPOLLUTANTSConventionalBOD,TSS,pHNon-conventionalAmmoniaToxicsPrioritypollutants(65)MetalsOrganicspesticides污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMNPDESPERMITSRequiredforanydischargeof“Pollutant”fromany“PointSource”intoany“WatersoftheU.S.”KeytoenforcingCWAlimitsandstandardsDelegationtoStates(e.g.WPDES)AllowsforpublicinvolvementinpermittingprocessCanbemodifiedforreasonAnti-backslidingprovisions污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMPRETREATMENTREGULATIONSOBJECTIVESPreventpass-throughoftoxicstoreceivingwaterPreventinterferencewithPOTWoperationsPreventcontaminationofsludgesProtecthealthandsafetyofworkers污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMPRETREATMENTPROGRAMFRAMEWORKEPAhasprimeresponsibilityDelegationstostateswithapprovedprogramsPOTWs>5MGDmustestablishformalprogramandhavefirsttimeresponsibilityMMSDChapter11POTWs<MGDhavestateorEPAinvolvement污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMPRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneralprohibitivestandardsFireorexplosionhazardCorrosive,pH<5FlowobstructionSlugloadsHeatToxicgassesorvaporsCategoricalstandardsLocalPOTWlimitsCombinedwastestreamformula[409CFR403.6(e)]Moststringentstandardapplies!污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMPRETREATMENTSTANDARDSGeneralprohibitivestandardsFireorexplosionhazardCorrosive,pH<5FlowobstructionSlugloadsHeatToxicgassesorvaporsCategoricalstandardsLocalPOTWlimitsCombinedwastestreamformula[409CFR403.6(e)]Moststringentstandardapplies!污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMMAJORINDUSTRIALWASTEPROGRAM(IWP)COMPONENTSSeweruseordinancePermittingproceduresCompliancemonitoringEnforcementFundingmechanismBiennialreviewofeffluentlimitations污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSTORMWATERREGULATIONSMostpointsourcesarenotundercontrolthroughNPDESpermitsWaterwayinheavilypopulatedareasarestillbeingdegradedMoststateshaveidentifiedstormwaterasleadingcauseofimpairmentVariousstudieshaveconfirmedproblemsIllicitConnectionstillexistIllegaldumpingstilloccursCongressionalmandates污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMWHAT’SINAPERMITEffective/expirationdatesMonitoringandreportingrequirementLocationFrequencyParameterlimitsParametermonitoringNotificationReportingEnforcementSignatoryrequirements污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMMMSDChapter11

ProhibitedDischargesExplosiveorfirehazard<140flashpointpH<5Heat>104FradioactiveStormwater,coolingwater,groundwater,unpollutedOilandGrease(O&G):300mg/lCadmium:1.5mg/lCopper:6.0mg/lLead:2.0mg/lNickel:4.0mg/lSilver:5.8mg/lZinc:8.0mg/lCyanide:5.0mg/l污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSOURCESOFWASTEWATERPartscleaningPartsrinsingProcessbathsFloorwashProcesssystemcleaning/washingVibratorycleanContactcoolingPerformancetestingLeakageAirPollutionControlBlowdownBackwash污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR433MetalFinishing“BigSix”ElectroplatingElectrolessplatingAnodizingCoating:chromating,phosphating,metalcoloring,passaviting.EtchingandchemicalmillingPrintedcircuitboardmanufacturing污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSOURCESOFWASTEWATER40CFR464:MetalMoldingandCastingSubcategoriesforaluminum,zinc,ferrousProcessesQuenchingCleaningManufacturingsystemleakageHeattreatingContactcoolingMassbaseddischargelimits污水零排放技術FETWWTOAM污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSOURCESOFWASTEWATERISSUESOFCONCERNSegregatingwastestreams,i.e.,cyanide,hexchromeBypasstreatmentBatchdumpEqualizationProductionscheduleSpecialconditions污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSOURCESOFWATERWATERMANAGEMENTTOOLS:ProcessschematicFlowsandloadsDumpscheduleQualitydriven/productionissuesPretreatmentatsourceMaintenanceImprovements污水零排放技術FETWWTOAM污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMMaterialSafetyDataSheets(MSDS)ExplanationofformTable1intextSectionISectionII–HazardousIngredients/IdentifyInformationHazardouscomponentsTLVPELSectionIII–Physical/ChemicalCharacteristicsBoilingpointVaporpressureVapordensitySpecificgravityMeltingpointEvaporationrateSolubilityinwaterAppearanceandodor污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMMSDSSectionV–ReactivityDataStability,incompatibility,hazardousdecomposition,hazardouspolymerizationSectionVI–HealthHazardDataRoutesofEntry,acuteandchronic,carcinogenicity,signsandsymptomsofexposure,medicalconditionsgenerallyaggravated,emergencyandfirstaidSectionVII–Precautionsforsafehandlingorstorage,otherSectionVIII–ControlMeasuresRespiratory,ventilation,protectivegloves,eyeprotection,otherPPE,work/hygienepractices污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMMSDS

USEFULINFORMATIONKnowledgeandunderstandriskEmergenciesEnvironmentalreportingDiagnosingasituation污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMEMPLOYEERIGHT-TO-KNOWOSHAHazComStandard–29CFR1910.1200NeedNotificationTrainingAccesstorecordsExposureandmedicalrecordsLimitationsRefusaltoworkLiabilityNotice污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMARITHMETICPROBELMSAppendixIIIStepsinproblemsolvingConversionfactorsVolumePercentremovalorefficiencyLoadingExampleproblems污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSTEPSINPROBLEMSOLVINGStep1

Whatdoestheproblemtellyou? A.Readtheproblemtwice,underliningthekeywordsanddataB.DrawapictureofthesituationC.LabelthepicturewiththegiveninformationStep2

Whatdoestheproblemask? A.Determinefromtheproblemandpicturetheunknownyouaretryingtofind. B.SelecttheformulawhichsolvesfortheunknownStep3

Determinethesolution(Worktheproblem) A.Writedownselectedformula B.Plugininformationfromproblemandpicture C.Checkunitsofconversions D.Computethesolution E.Checkyourresults污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMCONVERSIONFACTORS:Arelationshipbywhichyoucanexpressaquantityindifferentunits.Length:1foot=12inchesArea(A):1sq.yd.=9sq.ft.Volume(V):1cu.ft.=7.48galWeight:1gal=8.34lbsofwaterVelocity:1ft/secFlow(Q):=AxVgpmormgdormlpersecond=1cu.ft/sec=7.48gal/sec=449gal/minMetric(liters,grams)vs.English(gallons,pounds)污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMVOLUMEVolume=(AreaxDepth)or(AreaXHeight)RectangularSolidsVolume=LxWxHTank4’x2’x2’=16cuft.16cu.ft.x7.48gal/cu.ft.=120galCylindersVolume=AxHTank30ft.dia.,10fthighπxr2xH3.14x15x15x10=7065cu.ft.=52,846gal污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMPROBLEMWhatisthedetentiontimeinaclarifierthathasadiameterof40feet,adepthoffluidof12feet,andaflowrateof1.3MGD?污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMPERCENT(%)REMOVALOREFFICIENCYDefinition:Theportionofpollutantsremovedinaprocess(unit)expressedasapercentageofwhatgoesintotheprocess(unit). %Removal=(In–Out/In)X100 Removed=In–OutImportanceCalculationsoftreatmentunitofplantefficiencyused.污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSAMPLEPROBLEM

Atankhasaninfluentsuspendedsolids(SS)concentrationof100mg/LandaneffluentSSconcentrationof60mg/L.Whatisthepercent(%)reductioninsuspendedsolidsinthetank?污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMSAMPLEPROBLEMBREAKDOWN%removal=In-Out/InX100%removal=100-60/100X100%removal=40%污水零排放技術FETWWTOAMLOADING:Definition

Loadingistheamountofpollutantthatatreatmentunitorplantreceives.Itisnormallyexpressedaspoundsperday(lb/day).Load(lb/day)=Concentration(mg/LorPPM)xFlow(MGD)x8.34Theloadingformulaisthe