2022-2023學(xué)年江西省高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)期中英語試卷

2022-2023學(xué)年江西省高三（上）期中英語試卷

六

題號(hào)一二三四五總分

得分

注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選

出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選

涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，本

試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第I卷（選擇題）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共分）

A

BigThinkersSeries

The2022BigThinkersSeriesfromNewScientisteventsfeaturesfouronlinetalks,coveringawiderange

oftopicsbyworld-classscientistspeakersandexperts.Ifyouarecuriousaboutyourplanetoryour

universe,thenthisseriesisyourplacetohearthelatestresearch.Save￡20offthestandardticketpriceby

purchasingaseriestickettoallfourtalksintheBigThinkersSeries（availableon-demand）orpurchase

singleticketsforjust￡13perlecture（availablebyearlybooking）.Reality+：FromtheMatrixtothe

MetaversewithDavidChalmersInthistalk,philosopherDavidChalmersarguesthatMetaverse-style

virtualworldsexperiencedthroughheadsetsarealsogenuineandmeaningfulrealitiesandwecanlivea

meaningfullifeinVR.Whatwedon'tknowaboutgravitywithClaudiadeRhamWeareallfamiliarwith

theconceptofgravity.Inthistalk,ProfessorClaudiadeRhamwillexplorehowmuchweactuallyknow

aboutgravityandhowmuchmorethereislefttouncover.ABriefHistoryofTimekeepingwithChad

OrzelFromStonehengetoatomicclocks,hereisthe5,000-yearhistoryofhowscienceisusedtomark

time.ChadOrzel,theinternationallybestsellingauthorofHowtoTeachQuantumPhysicstoYourDog,

offersusawittyjourneythroughscientifictheoryandquirky（反常的）historicaldetail.Physicsatthe

EndoftheuniversewithKatieMackTheBigBangtheorytellsthestoryofthebeginningoftheuniverse

forthelast13.8billionyears.Buthowdoesthestoryend?JoinastronomerKatieMackassheshareswhat

modernastrophysicstellsusaboutthefinalfateoftheuniverse.

1.owmuchdoesaseriesticketcost?

A.￡13.B.￡20.C.￡30.D.￡32.

2.WhatwillChadOrzellecturein?

A.Thegenuinereality.B.Thesecretsofgravity.C.Thehistoryoftimemarking.D.Thefinalfateof

theuniverse.

3.Whatdothefourtalkshaveincommon?

A.Theyareallaimedatsciencelovers.B.Theyareallconcernedwithgravity.C.Theywillallbe

givenbybestsellingauthors.D.Theywillallbegivenbyexcellentphysicians.

B

，2021attheageof92,wasanextraordinaryscholarineverysenseoftheword.BythetimeImethimin

1982,he'dmadegreatcontributionstoscience.Forexample,hediscoveredthechemicalmeansbywhich

antscommunicate.Heworkedouttheimportanceofthehabitatsizeandpositioninprotectinganimals.In

1982Icautiouslysatdownnexttothegreatmanduringabreakatasmallconferenceonsocialinsects.He

turned,extendedhishandandsaid,"Hi,I'mEdWilson.Idon'tbelievewe'vemet.'*Thenwetalkeduntil

itwastimetogetbacktothemeeting.ThreehourslaterIapproachedhimagain.Heturned,extendedhis

handandsaid,"Hi,I'mEdWilson.Idon*tbelievewe'vemet"Wilsonforgotmebutremainedfriendly.I

wasfreshoutofgraduateschool,whileWilsonwasalreadyveryfamous.Yethedidn*thesitatetoextend

hishandtome,notoncebuttwice.MyworkstudyingnativeplantsandinsectswasinspiredbyWilson's

descriptionsofbiodiversity.His1992book,TheDiversityofLife,becamethebasisforaneventualturn

inmycareerpath.ThroughouthiscareerWilsoncommunicatedtheurgentneedtopreservethenatural

world.AsIseeit,theonlywaytorealizeWilson*slifelongwishistoburytheideathathumansarehereand

natureissomeplaceelse.Providingapracticalplanforprotectingtheearthhasbeenmygoalforthelast20

years,andI'mhonoredthatitmixeswithWilson*sthought.

4.WhendidtheauthormeetWilsonfbrthefirsttime?

A.WhentheauthorwasdoingbusinessB.WhentheauthorwasingraduateschoolC.Whenthe

authorattendedasmallconferenceD.Whentheauthorwasstudyingnativeplants.

5.WhatdidtheauthorprobablythinkofWilsonaftertheymet?

A.Clever.B.Determined.C.Creative.D.Kind.

6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?

A.HeregularlyhaddiscussionswithWilson.B.HisresearchwasinfluencedbyWilson.C.Hewrote

abookundertheguidanceofWilson.D.HisopinionaboutnaturewasdifferentfromWilson's.

7.WhatdoestheauthorthinkthewaytorealizeWilson'slifelongwishis?

A.Stayingawayfromnature.B.Learningtocoexistwithnature.C.Conductingfutureresearch.D.

Learningaboutallkindsofanimals

c

There'snothingwrongwithatomatothatisn'tperfectlyroundedorapeachwithanextradimple（淺凹）

ortwo；theystillcarrythesamebenefitsandflavorsastheversionswe'reusedtoseeingingrocery

stores.Farmersconventionallythrowawaytheseimperfectitems,,agrowinggroupofgrocerychainsare

fightingtomakethesedesertedfruitsandvegetablespartofconsumers'buyinghabits.Onesuchbusiness

isImperfectProduce,astart-upthatdeliversfreshuglyproducetoconsumers.Throughthisservice,you

cangetupto20poundsoffruitandveggiesforaround$,thecompanyhadamajorbreakthroughwhen

WholeFoodsacceptedtheirpartnershipandagreedtosellthemisshapen（畸形的）produce.Whilethis

movementmightbeanewtrendhereintheUS,it'salreadygainedseriousmomentum（勢頭）in

Europe.In2014,theE.U.announcedtheYearAgainstFoodWaste,withFrenchgrocerychainIntermarche

launchingaverysuccessfulcampaigncalledIngloriousFruitsandVegetablesandEngland'sWaitrose

sellingweatherblemishedapples.InPortugal,asimilarcompanytoImperfectProducecalledFrutaFeia

hasalsotakenoff.Buyingtheseunfortunate-lookingfoodsshouldbeappealingtoconsumersnotonly

becauseoftheaffordability,butalsobecauseofthesupportitgivestofarmersandthedirectimpactithas

ondecreasingfoodwasteandtheenvironmentalpollution.ltisbelievedthatwhenthediscardedfruitsand

vegetablesdecomposetheyreleasemethane,agreenhousegasthat,whenreleasedintotheatmosphere,

isabout86timesaspowerfulascarbondioxideovera20-yearperiod.Wasteis,infact,theugliestthing

ofall.

8.Whatdofarmersdowithimperfectfruitsandvegetablestraditionally?

A.Throwthemaway.B.Tunthemintofertilizer.C.Donatethemtocharity.D.Storethemforthe

winter.

9.WhatisthepurposeofImperfectProduce?

A.Tomakebetterprofits.B.Tosellimperfectproduce.C.Togetdiscountsfromfarmers.D.To

competewithWholeFoods.

10.WhatcanwelearnaboutEuropecomparedwiththeUS?

A.Ithasmoresuccessfully-runfoodchains.B.Itproduceslessmisshapenfruitsandvegetables.C.It

addressestheproblemofmisshapenproduceearlier.D.Itfacesamoreseriousproblemof

unfavorableweather.

11.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whyiswastedfoodharmfultotheenvironment?

A.Itpollutesthefarms.B.Itgivesoutabadsmell.C.Itcontributestoglobalwarming.D.Itproduces

lotsofcarbondioxide.

D

Youdon'tneedtobeanexperttorecognizelunamoths（蠶蛾）.Theyhavehairywhitebodies,redlegs

andhugegreenwingsthatstretchupto4.5inchesacross.Andattheendoftheirwingsareapairoflong

tailsthathaveattractedscientistsforcenturies.Someofthemtheorizedthatitwaspossiblethatfemale

mothsjudgedthehealthandqualityofamalebythesizeofhistails.Butitturnedoutthatfemalemoths

werenotchoosyatall.Theyjusthadsexwiththefirstmalestheycouldfind.Othersbelievedthatthetails

couldincreaselunamoths'sizetomakethemharderforthebats—themainenemyoflunamoths—to

handle.Butthetheoryprovedwrongin1903whenascientistnamedArchibaldWeeksputbatsagainsta

biggerspeciesofmothsthatlackedtails.Hefoundthatthebatskilled66%oftheirtargets.Lunamoths,

despitebeingsmaller,werehardertocatch."Clearly,theirtailsprovidedananti-batadvantage,°Weeks

observed."Ithinktheywereusedtodirectbatsawayfromthemoths*body."Hewasroughlyright.More

thanacenturylater,JesseBarberfromBoiseStateUniversityputlunamothsagainstbatsinadarkroom

andfilmedthehunting.Undernormalcircumstances,thebatsonlymanagedtocatch35%oftheluna

moths.ButifBarbercutofftheirtailsbeforehand,thebatscaught81%ofthem.Thatwasnotbecausethe

mothsbecameworsefliers-infact,cuttingthetroublesometailsseemedtohaveimprovedtheirflying

abilities.Barberexplainedthatbatswerenotvisualhunters.Theyfoundtheirfoodwithaspecialsound.To

beprotectedfrombats,lunamothsneededsomethingthatmadeconfusingsounds.Thatwaswhattheluna

moths'tailsdid：Astheyflew,theywavedbehindthemandproducedsoundsthatweresimilartotheir

wingbeats.Tobats,eithersoundedlikeahugepartoftheirtarget,orlikeanentirelydifferenttarget.As

aresult,theyaimedabouthalftheirattacksatthetails.

12.WhatisArchibaldWeeks'importantcontribution?

A.Hefoundthatbatsarethemainenemyoflunamoths.B.Hetheorizedthatlunamothsusetheir

tailstoconfusebats.C.Heprovedthatlunamoths'sizeisimportantfortheirsurvival.D.Heobserved

thatfemalemothsprefermalemothswithlongertails.

13.WhatcanbelearnedaboutbatsfromJesseBarbefsconclusion?

A.Theyarenotvisualhunters.B.Theyusuallyhuntintheday.C.Theylikebiggerspeciesof

moths.D.Theycanflyfurtherthanlunamoths.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"theyuinthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Bats.B.Wings.C.Lunamoths.D.Tailbeats.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhoIsRightAboutLunaMoths'Tails,BarberorWeeks?B.HowDoBatsUseTheirSpecial

SoundstoSearchforFood?C.WhyDoLunaMothsHaveSuchTroublesomeLongTails?D.

WhatAretheDisadvantagesforLunaMothstoHaveLongTails?

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共分)

Maybeyouarefearfulofmissingyourholidaysduetolongwaitsfornewpassports.(1).Checkyour

passporttoseewhenitwasissued"Aftertraveltookapauseformanyholidaymakersduringthepandemic,

plentyofpassportsneedtoberenewed.Tobeatanydisappointmentsforyoursummervacations,you'll

wanttomakesurethatithasbeennomorethantenyearssinceyourpassportwasissued,"Naveensays.

”⑵，includingpopulartravelspotssuchasEgypt,Thailand,andDubai.⑶."I'drecommendthoroughly

checkingyourapplicationbeforeyousenditoff.Manydelaysaremadethroughtypicalerrors-suchas

incorrectphotosortypos-whichcanworsenyourchancesofreceivingapassportintimeforasummertrip,

'*hecontinues.GofordigitalratherthanpaperNaveenadvises,"Therearemanyvariables(變數(shù))that

gointohowlongitwilltaketogetyourpassportrenewed-fromafirst-timepassporttoachild's

renewal.Whenitcomestothemethodofhowyouapply,digitalapplicationsgenerallytakeashortamount

oftimeaspartsoftheapplicationarelesslikelytogetlost,plustheonlineprocesswillbemoreefficient.

(4).Makeanappointmentinpersonoroverthephone"Withthecurrentdemandfortravelinrecent

months,eventhefast-trackservicesforpassportrenewalarebecomingoverwhelmedsothereisnoquick

fix(捷徑)toreceivingyourpassportontime,"hesays."(5).Alternatively,looktobookanappointment

tooneofthevariouspassportcentersacrossthecountrythatwayyoucanspeeduptheprocessinperson

andhavesomeoneonhandshouldtherebeanyerrors."A.EnsureyourdetailsarecorrectB.Admityour

informationofpassportsisrightC.Manypeopledon'tlikethestressfullifeandwanttotravelD.Keepthis

inmindifyoudon'twanttoendupbeingstuckinthewaitingline,founderofNextVacay,hasissuedfour

tipstospeedupthepassportprocessF.Youalsoneedtheminimumofthreeorsixmonthstogainentryinto

manydestinations,ifyouaretravelingfbranemergency,youmaybeabletoacceleratetheprocess

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共分)

TwelveyearsagoIdecidedtochangemyjobfromanEnglishasaSecondLanguageteachertosimply

workingatadepartmentstorechildcareroom,basicallyforbetterhoursandbenefits.My⑵)were

preschoolers.Tomy(22),manyofthese2-4yearoldchildren(23)noEnglishatallbecauseshoppersat

thestorewerefamiliesofemployeesataninternationalcompanywithheadquartersnearby.How(24)I

foundmyselfteachingEnglishtopreschoolers!Twoexperienceswereunforgettably(25)forme-they

camefromacoupleoflittlegirls.Onechildwasabout3years-oldwhenshe(26)intheplayroom.Shewas

(27),havingrecentlycomefromMexicoand(28),IknewsomeSpanish,sowe(29)timeplaying

togetherwhileshe(30)toEnglish-speakingchildrenaroundher.Eventuallyshe⑶)alocalpreschooland

became(32)inEnglish.Onedayshecametotheplayroomand(33)saidtome,"Teacher,remember

whenIcalledyou'maestra'?"Herbrighteyeswerefilledwith(34)!Theotherchildwasalso3years-old

whenshecametothe(35)thatwasfilledwithblocks,crayonsandpaper,teasets,etc.Shehadno(36)in

thetownbecauseherfamilyhadjustmovedfromanother(37).Shewenttopreschoollateron,also,and

showedhergreat(38)inspeakingEnglish!Thenoneday??,afteralongtimeaway??,shecameintothe

playroomandsaidtome,"Let'splayblocks!nAllourplaywas(39)withpleasureandlearningandwe

playedtogethercheerfully.FromthesechildrenIlearnedtoletextremediscomfortandthemassiveneed

for(40)becomeaspringboardforjoyandgrowth.

21.A.bossesB.chargesC.aimsD.workmates

22.A.satisfactionB.regretC.excitementD.surprise

23.A.encounteredB.likedC.improvedD.lacked

24.A.delightfuiB.encouragingC.incredibleD.lucky

25.A.annoyingB.worryingC.disappointingD.moving

26.A.turnedupB.leftoffC.playedbyD.lookedaround

27.A.activeB.braveC.nervousD.clever

28.A.missingB.speakingC.wantingD.ignoring

29.A.enjoyedB.wastedC.desiredD.valued

30.A.walkedB.wavedC.signedD.listened

31.A.calledonB.livedbyC.participatedinD.setup

32.A.brokenB.fluentC.trappedD.poor

33.A.sweetlyB.nervouslyC.hurriedlyD.slowly

34.A.sadnessB.hatredC.confidenceD.complaint

35.A.shopB.playroomC.yardD.centre

36.A.relativesB.teachersC.neighboursD.friends

37.A.stateB.schoolC.classroomD.street

38.A.discomfortB.conveniencesC.giftsD.shortage

39.A.changedB.connectedC.misunderstoodD.removed

40.A.pleasureB.concemC.noticeD.learning

第n卷(非選擇題)

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共分)

41.TheTVseries,ALifelongJourney,(1)(earn)widespreadapplause,becomingthe

most-watchedTVseriesonStatebroadcasterChinaMediaGroupinthepastfiveyears.ALifelong

Journey,⑵(consist)of58episodes,isadaptedfromfamouswriterLiangXiaosheng*snovelof

thesamenamewhichwonthe10thMaoDunLiteraturePrize,oneofthecountry'stophonorsfor

localwriters,Startingin(3)late1960s,thestoryfollowstheupsanddownsofthreechildrenina

working-classfamilyinnortheasternChina,strikingachord(和弦)withviewersforitsdetails(4)

(vivid)(5)(publish)inDecember2017,thenovelshowsawiderangeofChinesepeoplefrom

different⑹(walk)oflife,fromconstructorstostart-upfounders,toexaminethehugeinfluence

broughtbythechangesofChinesesociety.TieNing,chairwomanoftheChinaWriters*Association,

saidthegreat⑺(popular)oftheTVseries,ALifelongJourney,illustratesthe"closebond”⑻

literatureandtelevision."Whiletakingalookathistory,wecouldseethemutual(相互的)influence

ofliterature,filmandtelevisiontoboostandinspireeachother,(9)hasconnectedwritersand

filmmakersclosely."sheadded.WithpopularTVseriesormovies,thestoriesthathaveinspiredsuch

screenworkswillseetheirinfluencegroweven(10)(far).

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共1小題，共分)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共

有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除成修改。增加：

在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(八)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)

劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其

修改均僅限一詞：2.只允許修改10處、多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Thewealherhasbeenlike

latesummerthisweek,eventhoughitisNovember.Ihavecaughtchanceandwalkedevery

morning.Afterthat,ItendtorewardmewithacupofcoffeefromthecafewhereverIusedtomeetmy

oldfriends.Duringthisdifficultytime,,Itakeabagofcoinswithmeandpaidwithexactchanges.I

exchangedtheremainderofmycoinswithpapermoney.Theclerkwasverymuchhappytoofferme

papermoneyandsaidthattheycouldalwaysusecoins,nomatterhowsmalltheamountwas.Heard

whatshesaid,Ifeltreallygratefulanddelighted.

六、書面表達(dá)(本大題共1小題，共分)

43.上周六，你校組織學(xué)生到世紀(jì)公園參加植樹活動(dòng)。假定你是學(xué)校英語報(bào)記者，請(qǐng)以A

MeaningfulActivity為題，寫一一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：(1)活動(dòng)目的；(2)活動(dòng)過程；(3)

活動(dòng)意義。注意：(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作

答。AMeaningfulActivity

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】D、C、A

【解析】（1）數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二段

Save￡20offthestandardticketpricebypurchasingaseriestickettoallfourtalksintheBigThinkersSe

ries（availableon-demand）orpurchasesingleticketsforjust￡13perlecture（availablebyearlyboo

king）.（購買“大思想家”系列所有四場演講的系列票（可按需購買）或購買單場票價(jià)僅為13英鎊

（可提前預(yù)訂），可以節(jié)省標(biāo)準(zhǔn)票價(jià)20英鎊）可知，單場的票價(jià)是13英鎊，購買一個(gè)系列可以

節(jié)約20英鎊，因此買一個(gè)系列的票價(jià)為：4x13-20=32（英鎊）。故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根

據(jù)ABriefHistoryofTimekeepingwithChadOrzel部分的FromStonehengetoatomicclocks,

hereisthe5,000-yearhistoryofhowscienceisusedtomarktime.ChadOrzel,

theinternationallybestsellingauthorofHowtoTeachQuantumPhysicstoYourDog,

offersusawittyjourneythroughscientifictheoryandquirky（反常的）historicaldetail.（從巨石陣至U

原子鐘，這是5000年來科學(xué)如何用來標(biāo)記時(shí)間的歷史。ChadOrzel是國際暢銷書《如何教你的狗

量子物理》的作者，他通過科學(xué)理論和離奇的歷史細(xì)節(jié)為我們提供了一段詼諧的旅程）可知，查

德?奧澤爾將用時(shí)間標(biāo)記的歷史來進(jìn)行演講。故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的

Ifyouarecuriousaboutyourplanetoryouruniverse,

thenthisseriesisyourplacetohearthelatestresearch.（如果你對(duì)你的星球或宇宙感到好奇，那么這

個(gè)系列是你聽到最新研究的地方）可知，這四個(gè)講座的共同之處是它們都是針對(duì)科學(xué)愛好者?故

選A。這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則廣告，介紹《新科學(xué)家》舉辦的2022年大思想家系列活動(dòng)的

四場在線講座。做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)

性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

4?7.【答案】C、D、B、B

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中ByIhetimeImethimin1982,he'dmadegreatcontributions

toscience.（1982年我見到他時(shí),他對(duì)科學(xué)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。）以及第二段中的In19821cautiously

satdownnexttothegreatmanduringabreakatasmallconferenceonsocialinsects.（1982年,我在

一次關(guān)于社交昆蟲的小型會(huì)議上休息時(shí)，小心翼翼地坐在這位偉人旁邊。）可知，作者第一次見

到威爾遜的時(shí)候，是在一次小型會(huì)議的休息時(shí)間。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段

Wilsonforgotmebutremainedfriendly.Iwasfreshoutofgraduateschool,whileWilsonwasalreadyvery

famous.Yethedidn'thesitatetoextendhishandtome,notoncebuttwice.（威爾遜忘記了我，但仍然

很友好。我剛從研究生院畢業(yè)，而威爾遜已經(jīng)很有名了。但他毫不猶豫地向我伸出了手，不是一

次而是兩次。）可知，威爾遜對(duì)于剛從研究生院畢業(yè)的作者是友好的，所以作者認(rèn)為他是友善的。

A.Clever.聰明的：B.Determined.堅(jiān)定的；C.Creative.有創(chuàng)意的;D.Kind.友善的。故選D。（3）

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的MyworkstudyingnativeplantsandinsectswasinspiredbyWilson's

descriptionsofbiodiversity.His1992book,TheDiversityofLife,becamethebasisforaneventualturn

inmycareerpath.（我研究本地植物和昆蟲的工作受到威爾遜對(duì)生物多樣性的描述的啟發(fā)。他1992

年出版的著作《生活的多樣性》成為我職業(yè)生涯最終轉(zhuǎn)折的基礎(chǔ)。）可知，威爾遜的生物多樣性

的描述對(duì)我的研究是有啟發(fā)的。故選B。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Asiseeit,theonly

waytorealizeWilson'slifelongwishistoburytheideathathumansarehereandnatureissomeplaceelse.

（在我看來，實(shí)現(xiàn)威爾遜畢生愿望的唯一方法就是要把人類在這里，自然在別處的隔閡消除。）

可知，實(shí)現(xiàn)威爾遜的畢生愿望的方式就是使人類和自然和平共處。故選B。本文是一篇記敘文。

文章講述了作者與學(xué)者威爾遜先生相處時(shí)的經(jīng)歷及威爾遜對(duì)作者的影響。閱讀理解題測試考生在

閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作

出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先

要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8?11.【答案】A、B、C、C

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一Farmersconventionallythrowawaytheseimperfectitems,

asmanygrocerychainswon'tbuythemforfearthattheyareunsellable.（農(nóng)民通常會(huì)扔掉這些不完美

的物品，因?yàn)樵S多雜貨連鎖店不會(huì)購買它們，因?yàn)閾?dān)心它們賣不出去）可知，傳統(tǒng)上，農(nóng)民處理

不完美的水果和蔬菜的方法是把它們?nèi)拥?。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Farmers

conventionallythrowawaytheseimperfectitems,asmanygrocerychainswon'tbuythemforfearthat

theyareunsellable.（農(nóng)民通常會(huì)扔掉這些不完美的物品，因?yàn)樵S多雜貨連鎖店不會(huì)購買它們，因

為擔(dān)心它們賣不出去）及第二段OnesuchbusinessisImperfectProduce,astart-upthatdeliversfresh

uglyproducetoconsumers.（其中一家公司是ImperfectProduce,這是一家向消費(fèi)者提供新鮮丑陋

農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的初創(chuàng)公司）可知，ImperfeetProduce的目的是向消費(fèi)者售賣新鮮不完美的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段WhilethismovementmightbeanewtrendhereintheUS,it'salready

gainedseriousmomentum（勢頭）inEurope.（雖然這一運(yùn)動(dòng)在美國可能是一種新的趨勢，但它

已經(jīng)在歐洲獲得了很大的勢頭）可推知，與美國相比，我們了解到歐洲解決了早期生產(chǎn)的不完美

的問題。故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一Itisbelievedthatwhenthediscardedfruitsand

vegetablesdecomposetheyreleasemethane,agreenhousegasthat,whenreleasedinlotheatmosphere,

isabout86timesaspowerfulascarbondioxideovera20-yearperiod.（人們認(rèn)為當(dāng)丟棄的水果和蔬菜

分解時(shí)，它們會(huì)釋放出甲烷，這是一種溫室氣體，當(dāng)釋放到大氣中時(shí)、在20年內(nèi)的威力約為二氧

化碳的86倍。）可知，根據(jù)最后一段，導(dǎo)致全球變暖是浪費(fèi)的食物對(duì)環(huán)境的危害。故選C。本文

是一篇說明文。文章介紹了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品銷售企業(yè)為了讓長相丑陋的蔬菜和水果進(jìn)入銷售渠道所做的努

力以及這樣做的意義。閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的獲取細(xì)節(jié)信息和邏輯推理能力，要求

考生根據(jù)文章所述內(nèi)容作出合理的推斷；或歸納作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短

文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

12?15.【答案】B、A、C、C

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Butthetheoryprovedwrongin1903whena

scientistnamedArchibaldWeeksputbatsagainstabiggerspeciesofmothsthatlackedtails.Hefoundth

atthebatskilled66%oftheirtargets.Lunamoths,despitebeingsmaller,werehardertocatch,"Clearly,

theirtailsprovidedananti-batadvantage,"Weeksobserved."!thinktheywereusedtodirectbatsaway

fromthemoths'body."（但1903年，當(dāng)一位名叫ArchibaldWeeks的科學(xué)家將蝙蝠與一種更大的沒

有尾巴的飛蛾進(jìn)行對(duì)抗時(shí)，這個(gè)理論被證明是錯(cuò)誤的。他發(fā)現(xiàn)蝙蝠殺死了66%的目標(biāo)。月蛾盡管

體型較小，卻更難捕捉?！焙苊黠@，它們的尾巴提供了抗蝙蝠的優(yōu)勢，”威克斯觀察到。"我認(rèn)為它

們被用來引導(dǎo)蝙蝠遠(yuǎn)離飛蛾的身體?？芍?，ArchibaldWeeks的重要貢獻(xiàn)是他認(rèn)為月蛾用尾巴迷

惑蝙蝠，尾巴為它提供了對(duì)抗蝙蝠的優(yōu)勢。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段開頭

Barberexplainedthatbatswerenotvisualhunters.Theyfoundtheirfoodwithaspecialsound.（巴伯解

釋說，蝙蝠不是視覺上的獵手。它們用一種特殊的聲音找到食物。）可知，蝙蝠不是視覺上的獵

手。故選A。（3）代詞指代題。根據(jù)最后一段中Tobeprotectedfrombats,

lunamolhsneededsomethingthatmadeconfusingsounds.Thatwaswhatthelunamoths'tailsdid：

Astheyflew,theywavedbehindthemandproducedsoundsthatweresimilartotheirwing

beats.Tobats,eithersoundedlikeahugepartoftheirtarget,orlikeanentirelydifferenttarget.（為了

免受蝙蝠的傷害，月蛾需要能發(fā)出令人迷惑的聲音的東西。這就是月蛾的尾巴所做的：當(dāng)它們飛

行時(shí)，它們?cè)谏砗髷[動(dòng)，并發(fā)出類似于翅膀拍動(dòng)的聲音.對(duì)蝙蝠來說，它們要么聽起來像目標(biāo)的

很大一部分，要么像一個(gè)完全不同的目標(biāo)。）可知，劃線部分的單詞they指代的是前文提到的

lunamothso故選C。（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了科學(xué)家們對(duì)一種叫作月娥的

生物的尾巴的研究，解釋了月娥的尾巴在對(duì)抗蝙蝠時(shí)的作用。C選項(xiàng)

WhyDoLunaMothsHaveSuchTroublesomeLongTails?（為什么月蛾有這么麻煩的長尾巴？）適

合作本文標(biāo)題。故選C。本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家們對(duì)一種叫作月娥的生物的尾巴

的研究，解釋了月娥的尾巴在對(duì)抗蝙蝠時(shí)的作用。做這類題材的閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章先通

讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行合理地分析，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

16?20.【答案】E、F、A、D、G

【解析】（1）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文

Maybeyouarefearfulofmissingyourholidaysduetolongwaitsfornewpassports.（也許你擔(dān)心由于

長時(shí)間等待新護(hù)照而錯(cuò)過假期。）可知“提起“加快辦理護(hù)照”這個(gè)話題，因此founderofNextVacay,

hasissuedfourtipstospeedupthepassportprocess（Naveen是NextVacay的創(chuàng)始人，他提出了四條

建議來加快辦理護(hù)照的速度），符合語境，故選E。（2）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文

includingpopulartravelspotssuchasEgypt,Thailand,andDubai.（包括埃及、泰國和迪拜等熱門

旅游景點(diǎn)。）可知此處說明的是和目的地相關(guān)的情況，因此

F.Youalsoneedtheminimumofthreeorsixmonthstogainentryintomanydestinations（你還需要至

少三到六個(gè)月的時(shí)間才能進(jìn)入許多目的地），與下文一致，故選F。（3）段落主題題。根據(jù)下文

Fdrecommendthoroughlycheckingyourapplicationbeforeyousenditoff.（我建議你在發(fā)送之前徹底

檢查你的申請(qǐng)。）可知本段講述了確保信息無誤的問題，因此A.Ensureyourdetailsarecorrect（確

保你的詳細(xì)信息正確無誤），概括了本段大意，故選A。（4）根據(jù)上文

Whenitcomestothemethodofhowyouapply,

digitalapplicationsgenerallytakeashortamountoftimeaspartsoftheapplicationarelesslikelytoget

lost,plustheonlineprocesswillbemoreefficient.（當(dāng)涉及如何申請(qǐng)的方法時(shí)，數(shù)字申請(qǐng)表通常需

要較短的時(shí)間，因?yàn)樯暾?qǐng)表的某些部分不太可能丟失，而且線上過程將更有效。）可知此處說明

線上申請(qǐng)更有效，因此D.Keepthisinmindifyoudon'twanttoendupbeingstuckinthewaitingline

（如果你不想被困在等待的隊(duì)伍中，請(qǐng)記住這一點(diǎn)），符合語境，其中this指代的是上文的

plustheonlineprocesswillbemoreefficient,故選D。（5）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文Alternatively,

looktobookanappointmenttooneofthevariouspassportcentersacrossthecountrythatwayyoucans

peeduptheprocessinpersonandhavesomeoneonhandshouldtherebeanyerrors.（或者,也可以預(yù)

約全國各地的一個(gè)護(hù)照中心，這樣你就可以親自加快辦理過程，如果有任何錯(cuò)誤，也可以找個(gè)人

幫忙。）可知此處說明的是加快辦理過程的方法，因此，ifyouaretravelingforanemergency,

youmaybeabletoacceleratetheprocess（然而，如果你是因緊急情況旅行，你或許可以加快這個(gè)過

程），與下文呼應(yīng)，故選G。本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了4個(gè)如何加快辦理護(hù)照的技巧。關(guān)

于選句填空的做題步驟：步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么

位置。通常在以下位置：標(biāo)題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步驟二：快

速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨

大意。步驟四：注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。步驟五：區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)。