Unit+9+Human+Biology+Lesson+1+To+clone+or+not+to+clone高中英語(yǔ)北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

Unit9HumanBiologyLesson1Tocloneornottoclone?Whatdoyouknowaboutcloning?Whatadditionalinformationwouldyouliketoknow?Usethewordsandphrasestohelpyou.celltoeditgenestodevelopartificiallytobreakthetechnicalbarrierspeciesidenticalgenestomakeanexactcopyoftoproduceanimalmodels人工培育打破技術(shù)障礙精確復(fù)制生產(chǎn)動(dòng)物模型1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，可能持續(xù)發(fā)生下去。have/hasdone2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者剛剛終止，或者可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去。have/has+beendoing我已經(jīng)完成了假期作業(yè)。我一直盡可能地完成假期作業(yè)。3.過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，以及此動(dòng)作對(duì)過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)造成的影響。haddone4.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去的過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛剛停止，也可能仍然在進(jìn)行。hadbeendoing我在春節(jié)之前就已經(jīng)完成了假期作業(yè)。我在來(lái)學(xué)校之前的那天上午一直在寫(xiě)假期作業(yè)。...的過(guò)程①Cloningistheprocessof

makinganexactcopyofaplantoranimalanddevelopingiteithernaturallyor

artificially.Naturalcloninghasbeengoing

on

for

generations.Forexample,gardenershavebeenusingaformofcloningwhentheytakeacuttingfromaplantandplaceitina世世代代園丁goon發(fā)生;進(jìn)行要么...要么...一種形式when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句n.(用來(lái)插種的)插枝，插條...的過(guò)程對(duì)...精確復(fù)制suitablemedium,suchassoil.Anotherexampleofnaturalcloningisidentical

twins,whoareproducedfromthesameegg.相同的例如who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，修飾identicaltwins②Foryears,therehadbeenattemptstocloneanimalsartificially.ThefirstsuccessfullyclonedanimalwasasheepnamedDollyin1996.Atfirst,Dollygrewnormally,butlatershedevelopedanillness

(thatismorenormallyfoundinmucholderanimals.)Shelivedforsixandahalfyears,起初much修飾比較級(jí)患病attempttodosth.試圖做某事過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾illnessonlyhalfthelifeofthesheep(fromwhichshewascloned.)AfterDolly,scientistshaveclonedmorethan20mammalspecies,includingcamels,cattle,deer,dogs,goatsandmice.However,theyhavefoundasimilarpatternofhealthproblemswiththeseotherspeciesaswell.Thishasledto

超過(guò)leadto引起也“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句相似的健康問(wèn)題questionssuchas,“Willthisbeamajorissueforallclonedanimals?”“Willitcontinuetohappenforever?”.主要問(wèn)題continuetodosth.繼續(xù)做某事

1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetextaboutaclonedanimal?()A.Itusuallylivesaslongastheoriginalone.B.Itusuallyliveslongerthantheoriginalone.C.Itusuallydiesearlierthantheoriginalone.D.Itisusuallyashealthyastheoriginalone.C2.Whatiscloning?________________________________________________________________________________3.Whatexamplesofnaturalcloningaregiven?________________________________________________________________________________4.TrueorFalse

Thefirstsuccessfullyclonedanimalwasasheep

namedDollyin1997.()

Thenormallifespanofsheepisabout13years.()CloningistneprocessofmakinganexactcopyofaplantoranimalAnexampleofnaturalclningistakingacuttingfromaplantandputtingitinsoil,andanotherisidenticaltwinsTF③InJanuary2018,thecloningoftwolong-tailedmonkeys,ZhongZhongandHuaHua,wasannouncedbyChinesescientists.Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammals

whichincludeapes,monkeys,andhumans)tohavebeencloned!首次的，前所未有的

the+序數(shù)詞+名詞+todosth第...個(gè)做某事的...n.目引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞mammals

Incomparisonwithotherspecies,cloningprimateshasprovedtobe“muchharder”,anddoingsowithnon-reproductivecellswasevenmorecomplicated.與……比較provetobe

被證明是，證明為Dr.SunQiang,directoroftheresearchteam,saidtheyhadbeenwhollydevotedtotheresearchandhadbeentakingcareofmorethan1,000monkeys24hoursaday,7daysaweekformorethan5years.Therehadbeenanumberoffailuresbeforetheyeventuallyfoundawaytosuccessfullycloneamonkey.bedevotedto(doing)

專心于/致力于…takecareof

照顧許多

區(qū)分：thenumberof

...的數(shù)量

做某事的方法Thereason(theyworkedsohardtobreakthistechnicalbarrier)wastogetanimalswitheditedgenesandproduceanimalmodels(that

arehelpfulformedicalresearchandhumanhealth.)省略why的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞為reasonbehelpfulfor

對(duì)...有幫助that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞animalmodels1.Dr.SunQiangdescribetheresearchby()A.listingnumber B.givinganexampleC.makingacomparison

D.introducingaconcept2.WhydidChinesescientistsworksohardtobreakthistechnicalbarriertocloneZhongZhongandHuaHua?（

）A.Theythoughtithelpfulformedicalresearchandhumanhealth.B.Theywantedtoearnmuchmoneyandfameaswell.C.Theycouldbethefirsttohaveclonedprimatesspices.D.Theywantedtosurpasstheotherscientists.AA④Thesuccessfulcloningofprimateshasledtoworldwidepraiseasahugebreakthrough(that

mightleadto

curesforvariousdiseasesandmayalsooffercluesonhowtopreventtheagingprocess).Withthistechnology,wehavethepotentialto

raise

alargenumberof

monkeyswithidenticalgenesinashort

amountoftime,andwecaneven大量的引起，導(dǎo)致培育；提出；引起；舉起衰老進(jìn)程引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞breakthrough有可能changetheirgenestosuitresearchneeds.Thiscouldhelpsave

researchtime,reducethenumberof

animals(requiredfortesting),producemoreaccurate

results,andleadtomoreeffectivetreatments....的數(shù)量savetime節(jié)約時(shí)間過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)⑤Cloning,however,continuestobeanissue

(thatcausesagreatdealofdisagreementandprovokesstrongemotions).

While

somepeoplebelieveitiscrucialforscientificadvancement,othersraisemoralconcerns.becrucialto/for...

對(duì)…至關(guān)重要大量的

(后跟不可數(shù)名詞)while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句“盡管”itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.對(duì)某人而言做某事是...的引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞issueTheybelieveitisboundtoleadtothecloningofotherspecies,andtheyworryabouttheethicalquestions

(thisraises.)Forexample,theywonderifclonesshouldbetreatedasobjectsorasindividualswiththeirownidentity.擔(dān)心被作為；當(dāng)作……來(lái)看一定省略that/which的定語(yǔ)從句if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句”是否”Furthermore,clonesmaybeviewedasmerecopiesoforiginalsthusbeingseenasinferior.Finally,theyworrythatsomeorganisationsmayabusethetechnologyforunethicalpurposes.而且被看作是

beseenas

被視為that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句

What

are

the

benefits

of

cloning

ofprimates?curesforvariousdiseasespreventtheagingprocesssaveresearchtimereducethenumberofanimalsrequiredfortestingproducemoreaccurateresultsleadtomoreeffectivetreatments1.Whatcanweusetheskillofcloningtodo?()Tobringaboutglobalpeace.Tocreateotherfamousscientists.Tocuresomespecialdiseases.Tocloneamoreperfectselftotheworld.2.Whatcanweinferfrompara4-5?()A.Cloninghaswonfirmsupportfromthepublic.B.Mostpeopleareconcernedaboutanimalcloning.C.Cloningshouldbeforbiddenbecauseofmoralconcerns.D.Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardscloning.CD⑥Sofar,itisstillunknown(whatwillhappentoZhongZhongandHuaHuaastheygrowup).Researchersinsistthatthescienceofcloningshouldbefurtherexploredandadvanced.AsEinsteinsaid,“Scienceisapowerfulinstrument.Howitisused,whetheritisablessin