2023外研版新教材高中英語選擇性必修第四冊(cè)同步練習(xí)-Unit 5　Into the unknown

Unit5Intotheunknown

五年高考練

i.閱讀理解

主題語境：本育與健康語篇類型：說明文建議用時(shí):E

（2020江蘇,C,*）

ForthosewhocanStomaChit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealth

thaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.

Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,far

lesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth.

Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactive

butotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthose

ofmostofus.Theytestedthemen,sfitnessandrestingmetabolic（新陳代謝的）ratesandtook

SamPleS（樣品）oftheirbloodandfattissue.

Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists9lab,eachmanwalkedforanhouratan

averagespeedthat,intheory,shouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneof

theseworkouts,themenskippedbreakfast,meaningthattheyexercisedonacompletelyempty

stomachafteralongovernightfast（禁食）.Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabout

twohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.

Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout,thescientiststookadditionalsamplesofthemen,s

bloodandfattissue.

Thentheycomparedthesamples.Therewereconsiderabledifferences.Mostobviously,the

mendisplayedlowerbloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskipped

breakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanempty

stomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymoreCalOrieS（卡路

里）,onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.

Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,the

researchersfound.Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenor

notbeforewalking.ManyofthesegenesproducePrOteinS（蛋白質(zhì)）thatcanimprovebloodsugar

regulationandinsulin（胰島素）levelsthroughoutthebodyandsoareassociatedwithimproved

metabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemenhadfastedbeforeexercisethan

whentheyhadbreakfasted.

Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmay

bewisetoskipeatingfirst.

詞匯積累

LWOrkoUt幾體育鍛煉

2.skip也不做（應(yīng)做的事等）,不參加

3.implication〃.含意』音指;可能的影響（或作用、結(jié)果）

l.Theunderlinedexpression??stomachit,,inParagraph1mostprobablymeans"”.

A.digestthemealeasily

B.managewithoutbreakfast

C.decidewiselywhattoeat

D.eatwhateverisoffered

2.Whywerethe10peoplechosenfortheexperiment?

A.Theirlifestylesweretypicalofordinarypeople.

B.Theirlackofexerciseledtooverweight.

C.Theycouldwalkatanaveragespeed.

D.Theyhadslowmetabolicrates.

3.Whathappenedtothosewhoatebreakfastbeforeexercise?

A.Theysuccessfullylostweight.

B.Theyconsumedabitmorecalories.

C.Theyburnedmorefatonaverage.

D.Theydisplayedhigherinsulinlevels.

4.Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch?

A.Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.

B.Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.

C.Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.

D.Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.

∏.七選五

主題語境：語篇類型：建議用時(shí)：

（2019課標(biāo)全國(guó)I,#）

IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?

Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair7,1Accordingto

recentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.

2Iftheairyou,rebreathingisclean一whichitwouldbeifyou,reawayfromthesmogof

cities——thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,your

bodywillIeamtobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles（肌肉）and

yourbrain.

Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing（∕∏

愈）3Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjust

lookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabetter

mood（情緒）.Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindoware

likelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead,4Itgivesusa

greatfeelingofpeace.

5Whilethesun,srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialvitaminD.

TomakesureyougetenoughvitaminD一butstillprotectyourskin一putonsunscreenrightasyou

headoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat,splentyoftimefor

yourskintoabsorbaday,sworthofvitaminD.

A.Freshaircleansourlungs.

B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?

C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.

D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.

E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?

FJustasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.

G.A11acrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.

詞匯積累

1.energize憶激勵(lì),使活躍

2.sunscreen".防曬霜

1.2.3.4.5.

答案與分層梯度式解析

Unit5Intotheunknown

五年高考練

I.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文,主題語境是人與社會(huì),主題語境內(nèi)容為體育與健康。文章講述了進(jìn)食時(shí)

間、鍛煉和健康這三者之間的關(guān)系。本文旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生探究某一未知領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)精神。

I-B詞義猜測(cè)題.本題題干意為:第一段中畫線短語“stomachi「的意思最可能是。由第一段第一句

“對(duì)于那些能忍受不吃早飯的人而言，早飯前鍛煉可能要比吃了早飯鍛煉對(duì)健康更有好處”可知,B項(xiàng)“沒吃早

飯”正羸A:更容易消化食物;C:明智地決定吃什么;D:有什么吃什么。

2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為為什么這十個(gè)人被選去做實(shí)驗(yàn)?根據(jù)第三段中的“whoselifestyles

are...representativeofthoseofmostofus”可知,無論好壞,這十個(gè)人的生活方式代表著我們大多數(shù)人的生活方

式。故A項(xiàng)“他們的生活方式在普通人中很典型”正確。B:他們?nèi)狈﹀憻拰?dǎo)致超重;C:他們能以平均速度走

路;D:他們新陳代謝速率低。

3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:鍛煉前吃了早飯的那些人會(huì)發(fā)生什么?根據(jù)第六段中的“Ontheotherhand,

theyburnedslightlymoreCaIOries...”可知,吃了早飯鍛煉的人燃燒了稍微多一點(diǎn)的卡路里。故答案為B項(xiàng)“他

們消耗了更多一點(diǎn)的卡路里”。A:他們成功地減重了;C:他們平均燃燒了更多的脂肪;D:他們顯露出更高的

胰島素水平。

4.D主旨大意題。本題題干意為:從這項(xiàng)研究中可以獲知什么?從最后一段中的“togainthegreatesthealth

benefits...itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst”可知,為了從鍛煉中獲得最大的健康好處,不進(jìn)食鍛煉是明智的。故

選D項(xiàng)“早飯前（進(jìn)行）體育鍛煉對(duì)身體健康會(huì)更好”。A:早飯后鍛煉提升基因表現(xiàn):B:過多的鍛煉會(huì)減緩新陳

代謝速率。生活方式不如晨練重要。

長(zhǎng)難句

原句Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewiseto

skipeatingfirst.

分析本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)表語從句,從句中it是形式主語,真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式短語“t。

skipeatingfirst,,f?togainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise”是動(dòng)詞不定式短語作目的狀語。

譯文這些結(jié)果表明,為了從鍛煉中獲得最大的健康好處,先不吃飯可能是明智的?！俊?◎語篇解讀本文是

一篇說明文,主題語境為人與自然,主題語境內(nèi)容為人與環(huán)境。文章圍繞新鮮空氣是否對(duì)我們有好處這一話

題進(jìn)行闡述。本文側(cè)重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語言能力。

1.E過渡句。設(shè)空處前句提到“gooutandgetsomefreshair”,空格處馬上針對(duì)呼吸新鮮空氣這件事情進(jìn)行提

問,然后設(shè)空處后一句就是針對(duì)提問的回答“theanswerisabigYES”,所以選擇E項(xiàng)。

2.A主旨句。設(shè)空處后面一整段都是在闡述呼吸新鮮空氣的好處,尤其兩次提到OXygen（氧氣）.且設(shè)空處位

于段首,所以設(shè)空處是整段的主題句,而且話題需要一致,oxygen與A項(xiàng)中的lungs有聯(lián)系,所以選擇A項(xiàng)。

3.G細(xì)節(jié)句。設(shè)空處前一句中的關(guān)鍵詞healing與G項(xiàng)中的Healing對(duì)應(yīng),G項(xiàng)中的recovery與設(shè)空處后一

句中的recovery對(duì)應(yīng)。此外,G項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)HealingGardenS后一句馬上出現(xiàn)Intheseplaces來指代Healing

GardenS,因此答案是G項(xiàng)。

4.C主旨句。根據(jù)本段的第三句"Int