遼寧省大連市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末補(bǔ)考英語(yǔ)試卷（附答案）

遼寧省大連市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末補(bǔ)考英語(yǔ)試卷一、聽力選擇題（本大題共10小題）1．Whathappenedtotheman?A．Hewaslockedout. B．Hemissedthetrain. C．Helosthiskeys.2．Wherearethespeakers?A．Atagym. B．Atarestaurant. C．Atacinema.3．Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouthertrip?A．Theweather B．Thetraffic. C．Thescenery.4．Whenwilltheconferencebegin?A．At7:30. B．At8:30. C．At9:00.5．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Ajobposition. B．Afellowworker. C．Anewoffice.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6．Whatseemstobetheman’sproblem?A．Hedoesn’tseepwell. B．Hehasnomorepills. C．Hecan’tfocusproperly.7．Whatisthemanadvisedtodo?A．Stayhomefromwork. B．Haveacheck-up. C．Stopfeelinganxious.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8．Howdidthemangettoworktoday?A．Bybike. B．Bybus. C．Onfoot.9．Whatistheman’smajorconcernaboutdrivingacar?A．Expenses. B．Health. C．Environment.10．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofusingacar?A．It’scostly. B．It’sdangerous. C．It’sconvenient.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11．WhoreachedthetopofMountQomolangma?A．Ellen. B．Jonathan. C．Heather.12．Howlongdidthemanspendonhisadventuretravel?A．96days. B．Fourmonths. C．Oneyear.13．Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutdoinginthefuture?A．Walkingthroughanationalpark.B．Cyclingalongacountryroad.C．Campingoutinthemountains.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14．WhatisJuliandoing?A．Planningherbudget. B．Conductinganinterview. C．Givingadviceonstudies.15．WhichcostsMattmosteachmonth?A．Food. B．Clothes. C．Books.16．HowmuchdoesMattspendonsportsamonth?A．About$15. B．About$30. C．About$50.17．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Strangers. B．Schoolmates. C．Co-workers.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18．Whichcolourisunsuitableforofficewalls？A．Green. B．Red. C．Yellow.19．Whateffectdoesnaturallighthaveonofficeworkers?A．Itisgoodfortheireyes.B．Ithelpsthemconcentrate.C．Itmakesthemfeelcheerful.20．Whoaremostlikelytobeinterestedinthetalk?A．Managers. B．Painters. C．Teachers.二、閱讀理解（本大題共4小題）Likehumans,animalsneedsleeptoo.Abigproblemforanimalsinthewildiskeepingtheirenemiesawaywhiletheysleep.Animalstakecareofthisproblemindifferentways.Anolislizardsliveinmanyareasincludingtropicalrainforests.Theyoftensleeponleavesattheendoflongbranches.Aleafmightseemlikeastrangebed,butitworkslikeanalarm.Ifahungrysnakewigglesabranch,thelizardwakesupandleapstosafety.Chimpanzeestaketheirsleepveryseriously.Eachday,achimpanzeebuildsitselfanew,comfortablebedtosleepin.Scientistsbelievechimpanzeescarefullychooseatreethatisstrong,wheretheybuildanestusingbranchesandleaves.Parrotfishliveamongcoralreefsinoceans.Everynight,parrotfishusuallysleepclosetotherockinshelteredplaces.Someparrotfishgoonestepfurtherbyquicklymakingaslimelayerthatcoverstheirwholebody.Thiscoveringactslikeasleepingbagthatprovidesabarrieragainstdanger.Bottle-noseddolphinsneedtosleep,buttheyhavetobeontheocean’ssurfacetobreathe.Theyalsoneedtowatchovertheiryoung.Whatdotheydo?Whilehalfofthedolphin’sbrainsleeps,theotherhalfstaysawake.Afterawhile,thesleepinghalfwakesupwhiletheotherhalfsnoozes.Sootyternshavethemostamazingsleep.Theynestonislands.Whentheyarenotnesting,theyliveformanyyearsintheskyandonthesea’ssurface.Whenandwherecantheysleep?Scientistsbelievetheyareabletosleepwhiletheyareflying,stayingoutofthereachofenemies.21．Whatisthesharedconcernwhenwildanimalssleep?A．Quietness. B．Timelength. C．Comfort. D．Safety.22．Whichanimalsneedthemostpreparationbeforesleep?A．Anolislizards. B．Chimpanzees. C．Parrotfish. D．Sootyterns.23．Whatdoweknowaboutthesleepinghabitofbottle-noseddolphins?A．Theysleeponthejob.B．Theydon’tsleepatall.C．Theysleepdeepintheocean.D．Theysleeptheleastofallanimals.AndrewBastawrouswas12whenhefoundouthecouldbarelysee.Hewasthensociallyawkward,failingatschoolandterribleatballgames.Glassesturnedhislifearound,yetevenasachildhewasawareofhowluckyhewas.BastawrousgrewupintheUK,buthisfamilywouldvisitpoorpartsofEgypt,wherehisparentswerefrom.“Nobodythereworeglasses,butIknewsomepeopleneededthem,”hesays.“Itfeltincrediblyunfair.At16,IdecidedIwasn’tgoingtofeelguiltyaboutitanymore.”Hedeterminedthereandthentobecomeaneyesurgeon,andhedid.In2012,heandhiswifemovedwiththeirone-year-oldsontoasmalltown5hours’drivefromNairobi.Theyhadlimitedelectricityandrunningwater.For18months,everytimeBastawrousandhisteamsetuptheir“mobile”eyeclinicinyetanothernewlocation,theyhadtodragheavy,fragilehospitalequipmentcross-country.Therewasanotherproblem,asonelocaldoctordescribedit,“Wedon’tevenhaveenoughdoctorsandnowyoualsowanteyesurgeons?That’sprobablyapipedream.”AllthisconvincedBastawrousthatsomethingfundamentalwasneeded.Sohestartedexploringwaystoreplacehisclinicwithasingle,convenientdevice:asmartphone.Heco-developedanapp-basedvisualtestthatgathersasmuchinformationastheclassicone,usingsimilarprinciples.Thecriticaldifferenceisthatalmostanyonecancarryitoutafterjustafewminutesoftraining.Bastawrousco-foundedacharitablecompanytodevelopandapplythetechnologymorewidely.Histeamalsodevelopedtechnologiesthatenabledasmartphonecameratotakehospital-gradeimagesofthebackoftheeye.That’saprettygoodstart,butBastawroushashissightssetskyhigh.“Ifeelwe’reatatippingpointnowwherethisenormousproblemwillbecomeahistoricalthing.That’swhenI’llsleepeasy,”hesays.24．WhatdroveBastawroustobecomeaneyesurgeon?A．Hispersonalmisfortune.B．Hisburningsenseofinjustice.C．Hisambitiontoturnhislifearound.D．Hisguiltaboutleavinghishomecountry.25．WhatcanweinferaboutBastawrous’sfirst18monthsinAfrica?A．It’shardandproblematic.B．It’schallengingbutfruitful.C．It’sadventurousandunrealistic.D．It’sfundamentalbutinnovative.26．Bastawrous’sinnovationcanbedescribedas________A．cheapandconvenienttreatmentsforpatients.B．a(chǎn)virtualandcompletechangefromaclassictest.C．a(chǎn)smartandpopularisedapplicationoftechnology.D．fastandeffectivetrainingsofmedicalprofessionals.27．WhatdoBastawrous’swordsinthelastparagraphshow?A．Hismodestattitudetohispastachievements.B．Hisoptimisticviewsonthecureforblindness.C．Hisstrongbeliefintheeffectsoffuturetechnology.D．Hisfirmdeterminationtocarryonhischallengingcareer.soda...reecookies,reduced-sugarcereal,sugar-freecandy,dietsoda...arethesebetterforyou?Sincesugarbecameataboo(禁忌down...enutritionandwellnessworld,sugar-freefooditemsanddrinkshaveactedassubstitutesforoncebelovedsweetdrinksandsnacks.ClaimingtobeZEROsugarmeansitishealthier,betterfordiabetics,andhelpsyouslimdown...Right?Wrong.Sugar-freeisn’tbetterforyou.Infact,sugar-freeisworse.Sugar-freemeansthatartificialsweeteners(甜味劑)areusedinsteadofrealsugar.Theproblem:thesesweetenersdonotcomefromnaturalsourcesandtheycancauseyoumoreharmthangood.Let’sgetintowhattheseartificialsweetenersactuallyare.Sugar-freesugarsoundswrongandthat’sbecausethereisnosuchthingassugar-freesugar.Someofthesesugar-freealternativesstillcontainsugarandtheonesthatdon’tcontainsugarhavechemicalsyourbodyoftendoesnotknowhowtoprocess.Mostartificialsweetenersarealotsweeterthansugar,soonlyatinyamountisneeded.That’swhytheycanmarketsugar-freealternativesas“l(fā)ow-calorie”or“no-calorie”.Italsomeansthatyougetnonutritionalvaluefromconsumingthem,whichiswhymanysugar-freesubstitutesareclassifiedas“non-nutritive”.Theseartificialsweetenerstendtohideundersneakynames.Actually,theyare200-600timessweeterthansugar.Whenyoueatsweetstuff,yourbodycontinuestodesireitand,eventhoughyourbodycannotmetabolize(代謝)thesesugar-freealternatives,yourbraindoesnotknowthedifference.Inturn,sugar-freealternativesconnecttoweightgainandtype2diabetes(糖尿病).Artificialsweetenersalsodamageyourgut’sabilitytobreakdownsugar,whichimpactseverythingyoueat.Inotherwords,yourbodydoesn’tknowhowtohandleartificialsweetenersbecausetheyhavenothingrealtoprocess.Agoodruleofthumb:stayawayfromartificialsweetenersandlookfornon-sugar,naturalsweetenerslikeSteviaordatesugar.Inthewaragainstartificialsweetenersandrealsugar,bothlose.Satisfyyoursweettoothwithnaturalsugarsthatcomefromfruitsandstayawayfromproductsclaimingtobesugar-freeordiet!28．Whatcanbelearnedaboutsugar-freeproducts?A．Theydon’ttastesweet. B．Theyaremorenutritious.C．Theycontainartificialsweeteners. D．Theycontainnaturalsweeteners.29．Whyaresugar-freealternativesdescribedas“l(fā)ow-calorie”or“no-calorie”?A．Theywon’tleadtoweightgain. B．Theyaregreenerandhealthier.C．Theyaremuchtoeveryone’staste. D．Smallquantitiesofartificialsweetenersareused.30．Whatdoweknowaboutartificialsweeteners?A．Theypresentabiggerhealthrisk. B．Theycanbeeasilybrokendown.C．Theyareassweetassugar. D．Theyimproveourabilitytometabolize.31．Whatistheauthor’sfinalconclusion?A．Realsugarisabetterchoice. B．Stayawayfromsugaryproducts.C．Sugar-freeproductsarehealthier. D．Choosesugarfromnaturalsources.Feelingoverloadedbyyourto-dolistcancertainlymakeyouunhappy,butnewresearchsuggeststhatmorefreetimemightnotbetheelixirmanyofusdreamitcouldbe.Inanewstudyreleasedlastweek,researchersanalyzeddatafromtwolarge-scale(大規(guī)模)surveysabouthowAmericansspendtheirtime.Together,thesurveysincludedmorethan35,000respondents.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewithmorefreetimegenerallyhadhigherlevelsofsubjectivewell-being—butonlyuptoapoint.Peoplewhohadaroundtwohoursoffreetimeadaygenerallyreportedtheyfeltbetterthanthosewhohadlesstime.Butpeoplewhohadfiveormorehoursoffreetimeadaygenerallysaidtheyfeltworse.Soultimatelythefree-time“sweetspot”mightbetwotothreehoursperday,thefindingssuggest.Partoffindingthisseeminglytricky“sweetspot”hastodowithhowpeoplespendtheextratimetheyhave,theresearchersbehindthenewstudyargue.Theyconductedseveralsmalleronlineexperiments.Inonetheyaskedparticipantstoimaginehaving3.5to7freehoursperday.Theywereaskedtoimaginespendingthattimedoing“productive”things(likeexercising)ortoimaginedoing“unproductive”activities(likewatchingTV).Studyparticipantsbelievedtheirwell-beingwouldsufferiftheyhadalotoffreetimeduringtheday—butonlyiftheyuseditunproductively.Thoughthatexperimentwashypothetical,whichisonelimitationofthenewresearch,it’scertainlyinlinewithotherresearchshowingthatbeinginastateof“flow”canbegoodforpeople’smentalhealth.Ofcourse,whatfeels“productive”isuptoyou.Manytraditionallyproductiveorpurposefulactivitiescanbeeasyandfun.Engaginginabitoflow-keycardio,likewalkingandjogging,canhelpburnstress.Free-timeactivitieslikereadingorcookingarealsoknowntoputpeopleinastateofflow.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elixir”inparagraph1referto?A．Magicsolution.B．Physicalpower.C．Psychologicaltest.D．Relaxedatmosphere.33．Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthenewstudy?A．Bydoinglarge-scaleonlinesurveys.B．Bygivinginterviewsandmentaltests.C．Bycomparingrespondents’backgrounds.D．Byconductingexperimentsandanalyzingdata.34．Whatisadistinctfindingofthenewresearch?A．Doingunproductivethingsleadstounhappiness.B．Beinginastateofflowbenefitspeople’smentalhealth.C．Man’swell-beingispositivelyrelatedtothefreetimetheyhave.D．Howpeoplespendtheirfreetimeaffectstheirsenseofwell-being.35．Whatisthefocusofthelastparagraph?A．Theimportanceofburningstress.B．Easyandfunactivitiestokilltime.C．Furtherexplanationofbeingproductive.D．Thebenefitsofengaginginfree-timeactivities.三、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題）MayDayiscelebratedinmanydifferentcountriesonMay1st,anditshowsthechangefromspringtosummer.It’satimethatneighborhoodsandfriendscanenjoytogether.DecorateaMaypolewithribbons(絲帶)toenjoydancingarounditwithfriends.ThisisafunwaytoaddalittlemagictoyourMayDaygathering.Onceyouhaveapoleintheground,tie6to10piecesofribbonaroundthetopofthepole.36Leteveryonecatchtheendofaribbonandfacethesamedirection,anddancecirclesaroundthepole.37Remember,MayDayisallaboutspringturningtosummerandcelebratingallthingsfreshandalive.Makeanangelfoodcakeandtopitwithdiced(切片的)strawberries,oryoucouldeventopthecakewithhomemadecream.Plantsomespringflowerstocelebratenewgrowth.38Plantsomenewflowersalongyourwalkway,orbuildasmallflowergardenthatyou’llgettoenjoyyearafteryear.Haveapicnicoutside.Ifyou’recelebratingwithfriends,spendapleasantafternoonatalocalparkenjoyingtheholiday.Packsomefruitsandvegetables,suchaswatermelon,applesandtomatoes.39Takealongnaturewalktoenjoythefreshair.Lookupthelocalnaturepathsinyourcommunity,orfindascenicroutealongariver.40Youcouldevenmakeanaturehuntwheretheycanfinddifferentthings,likerocks,leaves,ordifferentkindsofflowers.A．Bakeacakewithfreshingredients.B．Thisisagreatactivitytodowithkids,too.C．Pickahandfulofflowersfromyourgarden.D．Whenyou’rereadytodance,putonsomemusic.E．Hostyourfriendsoutdoorsiftheweatherisnice.F．Don’tforgettobringalongablanketandsunscreen!G．May1stisagreattimetogooutdoorsandgetyourhandsinthesoil.四、完形填空（本大題共1小題）JapaneseadventurerKenichiHorieat83justbecametheoldestpersonintheworldtocompleteanon-stopsailingaloneacrossthePacificOceanfromSanFranciscotoJapan.After41crossingthePacificbyhimselfin69days,Horie42tohishomeharbor(海港)ofShinNishinomiya,wherehewas43bylocalpeoplewithwords“Welcomeback,Mr.KenichiHorie!”Ashereachedtheharbor,Horie,standinginhisboat,44hiswhitehatandwaved(揮動(dòng))itproudly.Hesaid,“Mydreamisdifficulttoachieve,butIhavekeptituptobea45maninmylaterlife.Itismygreatjoytohavebeenabletomakethe46asarealgoalandsafelyachieveit,47justholdingontoitasadream.”ThetaskofcrossingthePacificOceanwasexpectedtobefinishedinJune.HispreparationduringtheperiodofCOVID-19wasfullof48includingvaccine(疫苗)requirements,testingandotherrequiredmatters.“Itwaslikewalkingonthinice,”hesaid.SoonaftersettingsailfromSanFrancisco,hewasfacedwithastorm,butafterthatthe49slowlyimprovedandhereachedJapaninmid-Aprilaheadof50.Hehada51forsuccesstowardstheendwithafewdaysoftroublefromastrongtide(潮汐).Althoughhewastiredout,hesaidthe52wasfilledwithenjoymentandhehad53succeeded.Despitesailingonhisown,technologysuchasshiptrackingand54allowedhimtostayintouchwithhisfamilyandotherpeoplethroughoutthesailing.“Iimaginemynextsailingwouldbeevenmore55”hesaid.36．A．completing B．suggesting C．starting D．a(chǎn)voiding37．A．a(chǎn)dded B．led C．returned D．stuck38．A．supported B．helped C．cheered D．understood39．A．puton B．tookoff C．threwaway D．pointedat40．A．strong B．hard-working C．successful D．confident41．A．challenge B．excuse C．result D．difference42．A．inneedof B．insteadof C．becauseof D．intermsof43．A．choices B．uncertainties C．chances D．possibilities44．A．speed B．temperature C．season D．weather45．A．moment B．thought C．schedule D．sight46．A．fight B．surprise C．joke D．fear47．A．message B．story C．method D．journey48．A．finally B．quickly C．easily D．suddenly49．A．efforts B．communications C．marks D．surveys50．A．dangerous B．a(chǎn)wful C．tiring D．fun五、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Exercisehasa56(various)ofhealthbenefits.However,somepeople57tendtoexerciseforalongtimeassumethatifsomeexerciseisgood,moreisalways58(good).Forexample,somepeoplego59(jog)forseveralhoursatatimebecauseofthestep-countingsmartphoneapps.Otherswork60forhoursattheweekendtomakeupfor61(they)lackofexerciseduringtheweekdays.Habitsliketheseputstressonthebody,andifthey62(maintain)overthelongterm,canbecomeaserioushealthrisk.Howlongyouexercise63(be)ofgreatimportance.It'ssuggestedtoexercise30to60minutesperday,64willpreventyoufromgettinghurt.Moreover,it65(ensure)thattheexerciseyoudohasapositiveeffectonyourphysicalhealth.六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題）51．學(xué)校英文報(bào)正在開展以LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroom為題的討論。請(qǐng)使用圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)狀況描述；2.簡(jiǎn)單評(píng)論；3.你的建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。52．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwasearlyspringandNanawasinthebackyardwithhergrandchildren.Amy,Michael,andJustinwereplayingwhenNanasaid,“I’mgoingtostartplantingmygarden.Whowantstohelpme?”“Whataregoingtoplant,Nana?”askedAmy.“Ilikebig,yellowsunflowers.”“I’mgoingtoplantvegetables.Thatwaywecanhavethemtoeatwhentheyareready,”saidNana.“Howlongdoesthattake?”askedMichael.Helikedvegetablessometimes,especiallycarrots.“Itwilltakeafewmonthsbeforeanythingisreadytoeat,”answeredNana.Thechildrenweresurprised.“Months?Whywouldyoudoallthatworkandthenhavetowaitsolong?”askedAmy.“Youshouldjustgotothestoreandbuythem.”“Patience,mysweeties!Don’tyouknowfoodalwaystastesbestwhenyougrowityourself?”repliedNana.“Andifallofyoucometohelp,itwon’tbetoomuchwork.”“I’llhelpyou,Nana,”offeredJustin.HeputdownthesoccerballandwenttolookatthegardeningtoolsNanahadlaidout.“Whatdowedofirst?”MichaelandAmycameovertolook,too.NanataughtJustinhowtouseatrowel(小鏟子)todigsmallrowsofholesfortheseeds.Next,NanashowedAmyhowtopourtheseedsintoeachhole.AnditwasMichael’sjobtocoveruptheholeswithsoil.Finally,AmywrotethevegetablenamesonsticksthatJustinpushedintotheground.“Thiswaywecanrememberwhichvegetableseedswehaveplanted,”saidNana.Whentheyhadplantedeverything,thechildrentookturnsfillingupthewateringcansothatNanacouldmakethesoilniceandwetfortheseedstostarttogrow.“Nowwejustwaterthemalittleeveryday,andwithsometimeandsunshine,we’llhavesomedeliciousthingstoeatinthesummer,”saidNana.注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Wheneverthegrandchildrencametovisit,theywoulddashintothegarden.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finally,Nanasaiditwastimeforthefirstharvest.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案1．【正確答案】A2．【正確答案】C3．【正確答案】B4．【正確答案】C5．【正確答案】B【正確答案】6．A7．C【正確答案】8．B9．C10．C【正確答案】11．A12．B13．A【正確答案】14．B15．A16．C17．B【正確答案】18．B19．C20．A【正確答案】21．D22．B23．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了自然界一些動(dòng)物用不同睡覺方式讓敵人遠(yuǎn)離自己。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一自然段“Abigproblemforanimalsinthewildiskeepingtheirenemiesawaywhiletheysleep.”（對(duì)于野生動(dòng)物來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)它們睡覺的時(shí)候，一個(gè)大的問題就是遠(yuǎn)離它們的敵人。）可知，野生動(dòng)物在睡覺的時(shí)候共享的一個(gè)問題是要注意敵人，也就是注意安全，故選D。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Chimpanzeestaketheirsleepveryseriously.Eachday,achimpanzeebuildsitselfanew,comfortablebedtosleepin.”（黑猩猩非常重視它們的睡覺。每天，黑猩猩都會(huì)為它自己建一個(gè)新的，舒服的床睡覺。）可知，黑猩猩認(rèn)真對(duì)待自己的睡眠，每次睡覺都做一只新床，因此推斷黑猩猩睡覺前需要最多的準(zhǔn)備，故選B。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二自然段“Bottle-noseddolphinsneedtosleep,buttheyhavetobeontheocean’ssurfacetobreathe.Theyalsoneedtowatchovertheiryoung.Whatdotheydo?Whilehalfofthedolphin’sbrainsleeps,theotherhalfstaysawake.Afterawhile,thesleepinghalfwakesupwhiletheotherhalfsnoozes.”（瓶鼻海豚需要睡覺，但它們必須待在海洋表面才能呼吸。他們還需要照顧自己的孩子。他們?cè)趺醋瞿?？?dāng)海豚的一半大腦睡覺的時(shí)候，另一半保持清醒。過一會(huì)兒，睡覺的這一半醒過來(lái)，然后另一半開始打盹。）可知，海豚的睡覺習(xí)慣是邊睡覺邊工作，故選A?！菊_答案】24．B25．A26．C27．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了AndrewBastawrous為非洲近視人群的診治所作出的努力。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段后幾句““Nobodythereworeglasses,butIknewsomepeopleneededthem,”hesays.“Itfeltincrediblyunfair.At16,IdecidedIwasn’tgoingtofeelguiltyaboutitanymore.”Hedeterminedthereandthentobecomeaneyesurgeon,andhedid.(“那里沒有人戴眼鏡，但我知道有些人需要眼鏡，”他說(shuō)?！斑@感覺非常不公平。16歲時(shí)，我決定不再為此感到內(nèi)疚?！彼?dāng)即決心成為一名眼科醫(yī)生，并且他做到了)”可知，作者認(rèn)為需要戴眼鏡的人卻無(wú)法戴到眼鏡，這是不公平的，這種不公正感使得作者產(chǎn)生成為眼科醫(yī)生的決定。故選B。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段后幾句“For18months,everytimeBastawrousandhisteamsetuptheir“mobile”eyeclinicinyetanothernewlocation,theyhadtodragheavy,fragilehospitalequipmentcross-country.Therewasanotherproblem,asonelocaldoctordescribedit,“Wedon’tevenhaveenoughdoctorsandnowyoualsowanteyesurgeons?That’sprobablyapipedream.”(18個(gè)月來(lái)，每次Bastawrous和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在新地點(diǎn)建立他們的“移動(dòng)”眼科診所時(shí)，他們都不得不將笨重、易損的醫(yī)院設(shè)備在全國(guó)拖來(lái)拖去。還有一個(gè)問題，正如一位當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)生所描述的，“我們甚至連足夠的醫(yī)生都沒有，現(xiàn)在你還需要眼科醫(yī)生？那可能是白日夢(mèng)?！?”可知，在最初的18個(gè)月里，Bastawrous和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)面臨著重重困難和問題。故選A。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AllthisconvincedBastawrousthatsomethingfundamentalwasneeded.Sohestartedexploringwaystoreplacehisclinicwithasingle,convenientdevice:asmartphone.Heco-developedanapp-basedvisualtestthatgathersasmuchinformationastheclassicone,usingsimilarprinciples.Thecriticaldifferenceisthatalmostanyonecancarryitoutafterjustafewminutesoftraining.Bastawrousco-foundedacharitablecompanytodevelopandapplythetechnologymorewidely.Histeamalsodevelopedtechnologiesthatenabledasmartphonecameratotakehospital-gradeimagesofthebackoftheeye.(所有這些都讓Bastawrous確信，需要一些基本的東西。因此，他開始探索用一款簡(jiǎn)單、方便的設(shè)備取代診所的方法：智能手機(jī)。他參與共同開發(fā)了一個(gè)基于應(yīng)用程序的視覺測(cè)試，使用與傳統(tǒng)測(cè)試類似的原理收集同樣多的信息。關(guān)鍵的區(qū)別在于，幾乎任何人只要經(jīng)過幾分鐘的訓(xùn)練就可以做到這一點(diǎn)。Bastawrous聯(lián)合創(chuàng)立了一家慈善公司，以更廣泛地開發(fā)和應(yīng)用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還開發(fā)了一些技術(shù)，使智能手機(jī)攝像頭能夠拍攝醫(yī)院級(jí)別的眼球后部圖像)”可知，Bastawrous的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)是基于智能手機(jī)的技術(shù)，簡(jiǎn)單易操作性使得其更適用于大眾化。故選C。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Bastawrous所說(shuō)的話“Ifeelwe’reatatippingpointnowwherethisenormousproblemwillbecomeahistoricalthing.That’swhenI’llsleepeasy(我覺得我們現(xiàn)在正處在一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，這個(gè)巨大的難題將成為歷史。那時(shí)候我會(huì)睡得很安穩(wěn))”結(jié)合本段第一句“That’saprettygoodstart,butBastawroushashissightssetskyhigh.(這是一個(gè)很好的開始，但Bastawrous的目標(biāo)很高)”可知，Bastawrous樹立了遠(yuǎn)大的目標(biāo)，立志解決自己職業(yè)中具有挑戰(zhàn)性的難題。故選D。【正確答案】28．C29．D30．A31．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。如今市場(chǎng)上充斥著各種“無(wú)糖食品”和“無(wú)糖飲料”，它們對(duì)我們的健康究竟有著怎樣的影響呢？28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sugar-freemeansthatartificialsweeteners(甜味劑)areusedinsteadofrealsugar.(無(wú)糖是指使用人工甜味劑代替真正的糖)”可知，所謂的“無(wú)糖產(chǎn)品”，其實(shí)是用人工甜味劑來(lái)代替真正的糖。故選C。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Mostartificialsweetenersarealotsweeterthansugar,soonlyatinyamountisneeded.That’swhytheycanmarketsugar-freealternativesas‘low-calorie’or‘no-calorie’.(大多數(shù)人造甜味劑比糖甜得多，所以只需要少量。這就是為什么他們可以以‘低卡路里’或‘無(wú)卡路里’來(lái)推銷無(wú)糖替代品)”可知，由于人工甜味劑甜度非常高，所以其用量非常小，因此商家將其“無(wú)糖產(chǎn)品”標(biāo)榜為“低卡路里”或“零卡路里”。故選D。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Inturn,sugar-freealternativesconnecttoweightgainandtype2diabetes(糖尿病).(反過來(lái)，無(wú)糖替代品會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重增加和2型糖尿病)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Artificialsweetenersalsodamageyourgut’sabilitytobreakdownsugar,whichimpactseverythingyoueat.(人工甜味劑還會(huì)損害腸道分解糖的能力，從而影響你吃的所有東西)”可知，這些所謂的“無(wú)糖產(chǎn)品”中含有的人工甜味劑會(huì)導(dǎo)致肥胖和糖尿病，還會(huì)損害腸道分解糖的能力，因此是更大的健康隱患。故選A。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Agoodruleofthumb:stayawayfromartificialsweetenersandlookfornon-sugar,naturalsweetenerslikeSteviaordatesugar.(一個(gè)很好的經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則：遠(yuǎn)離人造甜味劑，尋找無(wú)糖的天然甜味劑，如甜菊糖或棗糖)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，無(wú)論糖還是人工甜味劑都不是好的選擇，后者危害更大；喜歡甜食者最好的選擇是攝取自然的糖分——比如來(lái)自水果的糖。故選D?！菊_答案】32．A33．D34．D35．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，得出結(jié)論：人的幸福感跟空閑時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短無(wú)關(guān)，而跟空閑時(shí)間的使用率相關(guān)。32．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Feelingoverloadedbyyourto-dolistcancertainlymakeyouunhappy,butnewresearchsuggeststhatmorefreetimemightnotbetheelixirmanyofusdreamitcouldbe.(被待辦事項(xiàng)清單壓得喘不過氣來(lái)肯定會(huì)讓你不開心，但新的研究表明，更多的空閑時(shí)間可能不是我們?cè)S多人夢(mèng)想的靈丹妙藥)”中的but轉(zhuǎn)折可知，面對(duì)待辦事項(xiàng)時(shí)，我們最需要的可能是時(shí)間，但是研究表明，事實(shí)并非如我們想象的這般，太多的空閑時(shí)間反而不是解決待辦事項(xiàng)的最好方法。由此可推知，劃線詞“elixir”與“Magicsolution”表達(dá)意義相同，指“萬(wàn)能的（解決方法）”。故選A。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Inanewstudyreleasedlastweek,researchersanalyzeddatafromtwolarge-scale(大規(guī)模)surveysabouthowAmericansspendtheirtime.(在上周發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)新研究中，研究人員分析了兩項(xiàng)關(guān)于美國(guó)人如何打發(fā)時(shí)間的大規(guī)模調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù))”及第三段第二句“Theyconductedseveralsmalleronlineexperiments.(他們進(jìn)行了幾項(xiàng)規(guī)模較小的在線實(shí)驗(yàn))”可知，研究者是通過實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)據(jù)分析的形式進(jìn)行研究的。故選D。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第五句“Studyparticipantsbelievedtheirwell-beingwouldsufferiftheyhadalotoffreetimeduringtheday—butonlyiftheyuseditunproductively.(研究參與者相信，如果他們白天有很多空閑時(shí)間，但是沒有有效利用時(shí)，他們的幸福感會(huì)變差)”可知，人們?nèi)绾味冗^空閑時(shí)間會(huì)影響到幸福感。故選D。34．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Manytraditionallyproductiveorpurposefulactivitiescanbeeasyandfun.(許多傳統(tǒng)上富有成效或有意義的活動(dòng)都是輕松有趣的)”及后面列舉的一些活動(dòng)可知，本段主要是關(guān)于介紹一些輕松有趣的，用于消磨時(shí)間的活動(dòng)的。故選B。【正確答案】36．D37．A38．G39．F40．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了國(guó)際勞動(dòng)節(jié)期間人們可以去做的慶?；顒?dòng)。36．根據(jù)前文“Onceyouhaveapoleintheground,tie6to10piecesofribbonaroundthetopofthepole.(一旦你在地上有了一根柱子，圍繞著柱子的頂部綁上6到10條絲帶。)”以及后文“Leteveryonecatchtheendofaribbonandfacethesamedirection,anddancecirclesaroundthepole.(讓每個(gè)人抓住絲帶的末端，面向同一個(gè)方向，繞著桿子跳舞。)”可知，綁絲帶的目的是為了讓人們一起跳舞，而空格后說(shuō)的是人們跳舞前的準(zhǔn)備，D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備跳舞時(shí)，放點(diǎn)音樂?！币舱f(shuō)的是跳舞前的準(zhǔn)備，而且把前文說(shuō)的綁絲帶和后文說(shuō)的跳舞這兩件事連接起來(lái)，起承上啟下的作用，符合題意。故選D。36．根據(jù)后文“Remember,MayDayisallaboutspringturningtosummerandcelebratingallthingsfreshandalive.Makeanangelfoodcakeandtopitwithdiced(切片的)strawberries,oryoucouldeventopthecakewithhomemadecream.(記住，國(guó)際勞動(dòng)節(jié)就是關(guān)于春轉(zhuǎn)夏，慶祝一切新鮮鮮活的事物的節(jié)日。做一個(gè)天使蛋糕，在上面放上草莓丁，或者你甚至可以在蛋糕上放上自制的奶油。)”可知，這一段是關(guān)于做蛋糕的，而且要用新鮮的材料才符合這個(gè)節(jié)日的意義。該空放在段首，起引出段落內(nèi)容的作用，所以A選項(xiàng)“用新鮮的食材烤一個(gè)蛋糕。”符合題意。故選A。37．根據(jù)后文“Plantsomenewflowersalongyourwalkway,orbuildasmallflowergardenthatyou’llgettoenjoyyearafteryear.(沿著人行道種一些新的花，或者建一個(gè)小花園，你可以年復(fù)一年地享受。)”可知，這里建議人們沿著街道種花或者建造花園，那么就會(huì)去到戶外，而且會(huì)接觸到土壤，所以G選項(xiàng)“5月1日是到戶外去，把手伸進(jìn)土壤里的好時(shí)機(jī)?！庇脕?lái)引出后文，符合題意。故選G。38．根據(jù)該段第一句“Haveapicnicoutside.(在戶外野餐)”及空格前句“Packsomefruitsandvegetables,suchaswatermelon,applesandtomatoes.(帶上一些水果和蔬菜，比如西瓜、蘋果和西紅柿。)”可知，這一段是建議人們?nèi)敉庖安?，并在野餐食物方面給出了指示，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“別忘了帶上毯子和防曬霜！”則也是屬于戶外野餐的注意事項(xiàng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。39．根據(jù)該段第一句“Takealongnaturewalktoenjoythefreshair.(在大自然中散步，呼吸新鮮空氣。)”及空格后內(nèi)容“Youcouldevenmakeanaturehuntwheretheycanfinddifferentthings,likerocks,leaves,ordifferentkindsofflowers.(你們甚至可以進(jìn)行一次自然尋寶，在那里他們可以找到不同的東西，如石頭、樹葉或不同種類的花。)”可知，這一段建議人們?nèi)サ酱笞匀恢校铱崭窈蟪霈F(xiàn)了代詞they，所以空格處應(yīng)出現(xiàn)they所指代的內(nèi)容。B選項(xiàng)“這也是一個(gè)和孩子們一起做的很好的活動(dòng)。”恰好提到了kids“孩子們”，后文可用they來(lái)指代，而且孩子們?cè)诖笞匀恢姓沂^、樹葉或者花也符合語(yǔ)境。選項(xiàng)中的This用來(lái)指代首句說(shuō)的在自然中散步這件事，可以和