Unit4NaturalDisasters重點(diǎn)單詞講解學(xué)案人教版高中英語(yǔ)

班級(jí)姓名VocabularyLearningQuotes:Livetotell:RaisingAwareness,ReducingMortality.—UnitedNationsInternationalStrategyforDisasterReduction(2016)劫后余生：提高認(rèn)識(shí)，減少死亡。——《聯(lián)合國(guó)減少災(zāi)害國(guó)際戰(zhàn)略》(2016年)一、Learninggoals：1.掌握disaster、tornado、drought、flood、rescue、damage、destroy、ruin、death、effect、affect、shelter、percent、brick、等基礎(chǔ)詞匯的正確讀音，拼寫和意義。2.能正確運(yùn)用death、nature、effort等重點(diǎn)詞匯。3.能在具體語(yǔ)境中正確區(qū)分affect/affection/effect、damage/destroy/ruin。二、自學(xué)指導(dǎo)與檢測(cè)：n.災(zāi)害，災(zāi)難n.（pl.oes/os)龍卷風(fēng)n.旱災(zāi)，久旱n.滑坡，泥石流n.海嘯n.火山噴發(fā)n&v.洪水，淹沒(méi)，大量涌入n.&v.營(yíng)救，救援vt.&n.損害，破壞，損失n.直升飛機(jī)n.死，死亡vt.影響，深深打動(dòng)vt.摧毀，毀滅n.&v.避難處，保護(hù)，庇護(hù)自然災(zāi)害保持冷靜n.&vi&vt.裂縫，使破裂仿佛，好像n.&vt.破壞，毀壞嚴(yán)重受損，破敗不堪n.百分之...n.磚塊震驚，吃驚n.電，電能n.&vt陷阱，使落入陷阱vt.埋葬，安葬vi.&vt.統(tǒng)一，使成一體vi.&vt.呼吸n.努力，艱難的嘗試n.振興，復(fù)興vi.&vt.復(fù)活，使復(fù)蘇n.上下文，語(yǔ)境n.智慧，才智vi.&vt.遭受，蒙受，受苦重難點(diǎn)詞匯探究：naturen.自然；性質(zhì)；本性；...的本質(zhì)innaturebynature天性，本性上adj.自然的；物質(zhì)的；天生的；天然的；adv.自然地；自然而然地；Thenatureoftheissueiseconomic.這個(gè)事情的本質(zhì)是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的。1.The(nature)disasterhaskilledseveralthousandmonkeys.這場(chǎng)自然災(zāi)害已造成幾千只猴子死亡。2.Whenthingsgowrong,allofus__________(nature)feeldisappointedandfrustrated.出問(wèn)題時(shí)，我們自然而然都會(huì)覺(jué)得失望和沮喪。It'saneconomicissue____________.在本質(zhì)上，這是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)事件。damage/destroy/ruin的區(qū)別：damagen.&v.損害；損毀；賠償金；損害；損毀damagingadj.具有破壞性的vt.causeittobeelessgood,pleasant,orsuccessful(使功能受損，還可以修復(fù))destroyvt.破壞；消滅；毀壞causesomuchdamagetoitthatitispletelyruined(徹底摧毀，不能修復(fù))ruinn.毀壞；毀滅，滅亡，廢墟；vt.v.破壞，糟蹋；毀滅，對(duì)……有災(zāi)難性的影響~todamagesthsobadlythatitlosesallitsvalue,pleasure,etc.;（側(cè)重于破壞的徹底性）destructionn.n.破壞，毀滅；摧毀destroyedadj.被毀的，遭破壞的fallintoruin衰落，衰敗 inruins成為廢墟ruined坍塌的;荒廢的intheruins在廢墟中1.Ifthetreefallsthatway,it______________thehouse.2.Itwillcausepollutionandthe____________ofourseasandoceans.3.Drinkingandsmokingcan__________yourhealth.飲酒和吸煙會(huì)損害你的健康。4.Onedeadchildwasfound______________almosttwohoursaftertheexplosion.5.Aftertheearthquake，theschoolhasbeen______________deathn.死亡die______________died______________dead______________death______________diefor...渴望，切望；為了…而死dieof...死于...(由于自身疾病，衰老等內(nèi)因)diefrom...死于...，因...而死(由于外部原因如事故，外因）dieout滅絕；消失amatteroflifeanddeath生死攸關(guān)的事befrightened/starving/bored/...todeath極度地害怕/饑餓/無(wú)聊...1.Inaseverewinter,wildanimalscan________lackoffood.2.Aroundfiftypeople________cancereverydayinthecamp.3.Thestormisresponsibleforasmanyasfour________(death).這場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨造成多達(dá)4人死亡。affect/affection/effect：1.effect作“影響”講時(shí)，側(cè)重于指身體上的影響；affection側(cè)重于思想上的影響。2.affection更多的是作“喜愛(ài)，真摯的感情”，此時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞，后面可接for或者towards；用于復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，意思是“愛(ài)情、感情”。affectv.vt.影響；感染；感動(dòng)；假裝affectionn.喜愛(ài)，感情；影響familyaffection親情affectionfilm愛(ài)情電影showaffection示愛(ài)1.Ihaveagreat___________affectionforNewYork.我很喜歡紐約。2.Heishungryfor__________.他渴望得到愛(ài)。flood：floodn.&v.洪水；漲潮；淹沒(méi)，泛濫；大量涌入afloodofplaints大量投訴 inflood在泛濫underflood遭受洪災(zāi)floodinto/in涌進(jìn)afloodof...大量... fighttheflood抗洪1.Largenumbersofimmigrants______________thearea.大批移民涌入了這個(gè)地區(qū)。3.WhentheNileis_________,itleavesalayerofmudonthefields.尼羅河泛濫時(shí)，在田野上留下一層泥。breathe/breath：breathn.呼吸，氣息；一口氣 breathevi.呼吸；低語(yǔ)；松口氣breathlessadj.喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)的；停止呼吸的 breathlesslyadv.氣喘地；屏息地outofbreath喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)，上氣不接下氣地 breathein/out吸氣/呼氣breatheinto注入 breatheregularly均勻呼吸breathehard呼吸困難 1.Shewasslightly______________fromrunning.她跑過(guò)后有點(diǎn)上氣不接下氣。2.He_____________watchedthespiderattempttospinitswebforthethirdtime.他凝神屏息地觀看那蜘蛛試圖第三次結(jié)網(wǎng)。3.Watchinghimclimbupthecliff,everybodywas___________withanxiety.看著他往懸崖上爬，大家都緊張得不能呼吸。4.Theairwassocoldwecouldhardly_________.空氣非常寒冷，我們難以呼吸。effort：effortn.努力；成就；[復(fù)數(shù)efforts]：作“努力”時(shí)，不可數(shù)，用單數(shù)effort；作“努力的事，即作品，成就”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞。 effortlessadj.不費(fèi)力的，容易的；makeanefforttodosomething努力去做某事 inanefforttodo企圖（努力想）；試圖with(an)effort吃力地，努力地 sparenoefforttodo...不遺余力beworththeeffort值得努力 witheffort努力地withouteffort毫不費(fèi)力地1.Thenewstudentsadapted____________tohisnewsurroundings.新生們不費(fèi)力地就適應(yīng)了新環(huán)境。2.Youshouldmakeaneffort___________(figure)itout.你應(yīng)該努力去弄明白這件事。3.Theyare________________todecreasetheproductioncosts.4.Weshould______________________ourenvironment.我們應(yīng)該不遺余力保護(hù)環(huán)境asif好像，仿佛，似乎在look,seem等系動(dòng)詞后引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句；如：1Shelooksasifsheweretenyearsyounger．她看起來(lái)好像年輕了十歲。（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）Itseemsasifourteamisgoingtowin．看來(lái)我們隊(duì)要?jiǎng)倭?。還可以引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，如：1.Shelovestheboyasif．她愛(ài)這男孩，就好像她是他的母親一樣。（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）2.Thechildtalkedtousasif．那孩子跟我們談起話來(lái)，像個(gè)成年人似的。（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）Homework：一、pletethesesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsbelow.1.Thehugeearthquakeletnearlythewholecity_____________（destroy）.2.Everyonewas____________（shock）,thinkingtheworldmustbeingtoanend.3.Millionsofpeoplewereleftwithoutwater,food,or____________（shelter）.4.Soldiersandvolunteersworkedashardastheycouldtopullaway___________（brick）androcks,andrescuethosewhowere__________（trap）undertheruins.5.Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjures,butothershadalreadystopped____________（breathe）whentheywerediscovered.6.Afewbuddingswerestillstanding,butpeoplewereafraidtousethemasshelters,worryingtheywouldbe____________（bury）ifthebuildingsfell.二、pletethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsbelow.death destroy survive crash shelter disasterEarthquakesareaformofnatural