【課件】2023年高考英語試卷詞匯通課件-2024屆高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

2023年山東高考英語試卷高考詞匯通01閱讀理解020304七選五閱讀完形填空語法填空A篇B篇C篇D篇目錄BikeRental&GuidedToursWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.A篇租賃有導(dǎo)游的經(jīng)濟實惠的可持續(xù)的探索風(fēng)景地貌儲存；儲藏戰(zhàn)略性的；重要的可用的各式各樣

HandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.00Prices附加的；額外的GuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.涵蓋；涉及從……出發(fā)21.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount. B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours. D.Ithasover2,500rentalshops.22.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75.

B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.23.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery. D.DamSquare.優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)點折扣組織WhenJohnToddwasachild,

helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,

observinghownaturesolved

problems.

A

dirtystream,

forexample,

oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretiny

creatureslived.

Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeople

weremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,

medicine,

andfisheriesincollege,

Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandasking

questions.

Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causing

chemicals?

Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,

hefigured,

maybehecouldcleanupwastetheway

naturedid.

Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.B篇觀察生物步驟；程序雜亂；垃圾有害的化學(xué)品；化學(xué)物質(zhì)結(jié)合品；組合認為；理解ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,

heconstructed

aseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.

Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbrought

backsomeplantsandanimals.

Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.

Littlebylittle,

thesedifferentkindsoflife

gotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.

Afterafewweeks,

Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.

Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbeganto

eatit!

Withinweeks,

ithadallbeendigested,

andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.移除物質(zhì)建造；構(gòu)建適應(yīng)；習(xí)慣于驚訝于理解；消化Overtheyears,

Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.

Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage

(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.

Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,

a

cityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”

isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.

“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsforthe

inventor,”

hesays.

“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.

Thenyouletthesenew

systemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”承擔(dān)設(shè)施設(shè)計微生物24.

WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.

Hewasfondoftraveling.

B.

Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.

Hehadaninquiringmind.

D.

Helongedtobeadoctor.25.

WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.

Tofeedtheanimals. B.

Tobuildanecosystem.C.

Toprotecttheplants.

D.

Totesttheeco-machine.26.

Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.

ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.

ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.

TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.

ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.27.

WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.

Naturecanrepairitself.

B.

Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.

LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.

Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.好奇心；探索精神渴望應(yīng)用消除存活多種多樣的Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.adj.數(shù)字的n.目的為……辯護；為……做論證n.極簡主義adj.細致的，細節(jié)的n.探索vt.采用；領(lǐng)養(yǎng)n.哲學(xué)C篇Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.vt.分隔vt.描繪，描寫adj.哲學(xué)的n.基礎(chǔ)n.力量adv.逐步增加地adj.無法忍受的n.討論Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.vt.結(jié)論；結(jié)束vt.介紹；引進n.過程vt.要求adj.可選的vt.提供adj.大量的巨大的n.利益vt.珍惜Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I’llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I’lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You’llheartheseparticipants’storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.n.章節(jié)vt.指導(dǎo)；指引執(zhí)行；實施n.實驗vt.表演；

履行；遵守n.參與者n.戰(zhàn)略n.陷阱vt.遇到vt.避免引用；利用Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培養(yǎng))asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(獨處)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.adj.可持續(xù)的n.項目n.重要性n.必要性n.休閑n.收集；收藏vt.設(shè)計n.努力adj.特殊的n.環(huán)境28.Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?A.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.30.Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?A.Theoreticalmodels.B.Statisticalmethods.C.Practicalexamples.D.Historicalanalyses.31.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?A.Usethemasneeded.B.Recommendthemtofriends.C.Evaluatetheireffects.D.Identifytheideasbehindthem.

OnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhichillustratedwhathascometobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds”effect.Theexperimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequiteaccurate.統(tǒng)計學(xué)家出版；發(fā)行加插圖于……；用插圖說明智慧人群群體智慧效應(yīng)實驗估計；估算管理；指揮平均；平均數(shù)獨立的精確的D篇

Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren’talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andcometounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon’tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople’sestimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people’serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.利用……獲得優(yōu)勢犯錯趨向于取消；撤銷相互關(guān)聯(lián)的

ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist(轉(zhuǎn)折)onthisclassicphenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.現(xiàn)象個體獲得顯著地；意味深長地

Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn’tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.”Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.研究者實際上自信的占支配地位的響應(yīng)經(jīng)常地；頻繁地討論全球的；全面的

AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.限制潛在的影響；牽連巨大的32.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.C.Thecausesofpeople’serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton’sexperiment.33.Navajas’studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif________A.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimatesC.individualsdidnotcommunicateD.estimateswerenotfullyindependent潛在的；表面下的偶爾的；臨時的34.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.ThedominantmembersC.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardNavajas’studies?A.Unclear.

B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.

D.Approving.滿意的；贊許的；同意的；批準的輕蔑的；鄙視的；不屑一顧的懷疑的

PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.

Toerr(犯錯)is

human.

36

Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,

puttheheading

“Personalstrengths.”

37Areyoucaring?

Creative?

Generous?

Agoodlistener?

Funtobearound?

Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,

justaspectsofyourpersonality

thatyou’reproudof.個人的寬恕對……負責(zé)積極的；樂觀的自責(zé)雜志；期刊優(yōu)勢；強項有創(chuàng)造力的大度的方面?zhèn)€性自豪的七選五Atthetopofasecondpage,

puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”

Onthisone,

listallthepositivethingsyou’ve

doneforothers.

Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,

whenyoudidtheironingwithout

beingasked,

orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.

38Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.

39Thatway,

youcouldexchange

thoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.

Infact,

don’twait

untilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis

—

it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché

(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbutfromtheirmistakes.

The

thingis,

it’strue.

40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelop

andgrow.特殊的推動；促進自信的成功A.

Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.

Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.

Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.

It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.

Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.

Whateveritis,

nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,

writeitdown.G.

Whateverthemistake,

rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyour

personality.特性；特征忽視；不理PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.

Toerr(犯錯)is

human.

36

Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,

puttheheading

“Personalstrengths.”

37Areyoucaring?

Creative?

Generous?

Agoodlistener?

Funtobearound?

Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,

justaspectsofyourpersonality

thatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,

puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”

Onthisone,

listallthepositivethingsyou’ve

doneforothers.

Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,

whenyoudidtheironingwithout

beingasked,

orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.

38Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.

39Thatway,

youcouldexchange

thoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.

Infact,

don’twait

untilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis

—

it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché

(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbutfromtheirmistakes.

The

thingis,

it’strue.

40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelop

andgrow.DBFCGOnOct.

11,

hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.

MelanieBaileyshouldhave

41

the

courseearlierthanshedid.

Her

42camebecauseshewascarryinga

43

acrossthe

finishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,

Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher

44

whena

runnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.

She

45tohelpherfellowrunner,

DanielleLenoue.

Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith

46.

Shecouldn’t.

Baileythen

47toletLenoueclimbonto

herbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,

thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget

48

attention.Oncethere,

Lenouewas

49andlatertakentoahospital,

whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuries

inoneofherknees.

Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme

50tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithout

Bailey’shelp.AsforBailey,

sheismore

51

aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig

52.

“Shewasjustcrying.

Icouldn’t

53

her,”

Baileytoldthereporter.

“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe

54,

they’vesincebecomefriends.

Neitherwon

therace,

butthe

55of

humankindnesswontheday.競爭；比賽課程；過程當(dāng)?shù)氐耐槭軅?；傷害奮斗；努力考慮；認為完形填空41.

A.

designed B.

followed

C.

changed

D.

finished42.

A.

delay

B.

chance

C.

trouble

D.

excuse43.

A.

judge

B.

volunteer

C.

classmate

D.

competitor44.

A.

race

B.

school

C.

town

D.

training45.

A.

agreed

B.

returned

C.

stopped

D.

promised46.

A.

courage

B.

aid

C.

patience

D.

advice47.

A.

wentaway

B.

stoodup

C.

steppedaside

D.

bentdown48.

A.

medical

B.

public

C.

constant D.

equal49.

A.

interrupted

B.

assessed C.

identified

D.

appreciated50.

A.

hunger

B.

pain

C.

cold

D.

tiredness51.

A.

worried

B.

ashamed

C.

confused D.

discouraged52.

A.

game

B.

problem

C.

lesson

D.

deal53.

A.

leave

B.

cure

C.

bother

D.

understand54.

A.

ride

B.

test

C.

meet

D.

show55.

A.

secret

B.

display

C.

benefit

D.

exchange設(shè)計跟隨；遵循延遲勇氣耐心持續(xù)不斷的評估辨別賞識；感激羞恥的困惑的氣餒的煩擾展覽；陳列益處重要的人或事abigdealOnOct.

11,

hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.

MelanieBaileyshouldhave

41

the

courseearlierthanshedid.

Her

42camebecauseshewascarryinga

43

acrossthe

finishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,

Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher

44

whena

runnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.

She

45tohelpherfellowrunner,

DanielleLenoue.

Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith

46.

Shecouldn’t.

Baileythen

47toletLenoueclimbonto

herbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,

thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget

48

attention.41.

A.

designed B.

followedC.

changed D.

finished42.

A.

delay B.

chance

C.

trouble D.

excuse43.

A.

judge B.

volunteerC.

classmateD.

competitor44.

A.

race

B.

school

C.

town

D.

training45.

A.

agreed

B.

returned C.

stopped

D.

promised46.

A.

courage

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aid

C.

patience

D.

advice47.

A.

wentaway B.

stoodup

C.

steppedaside D.

bentdown48.

A.

medical

B.

public C.

constant D.

equalOncethere,

Lenouewas

49andlatertakentoahospital,

whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuries

inoneofherknees.

Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme

50tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithout

Bailey’shelp.AsforBailey,

sheismore

51

aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig

52.

“Shewasjustcrying.

Icouldn’t

53

her,”

Baileytoldthereporter.

“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightt