2023年上海市中考英語(yǔ)二輪綜合復(fù)習(xí)-08 閱讀理解之宇宙探索（教師版）

熱點(diǎn)08閱讀理解之宇宙探索(教師版)

(建議用時(shí)：30分鐘)

命題趨勢(shì)

中考閱讀理解題主要考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)篇閱讀能力、分析和判斷能力。要求學(xué)生能較快地通

過(guò)閱讀理解短文大意，獲取其中的主要信息，能做出正確判斷，然后根據(jù)試題的要求從A,B,

C,D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案或做出正誤判斷。文章的難易程度和初三課文難度基本相同，

要求閱讀速度為每分鐘40-50個(gè)詞。主要涉及到記敘文，說(shuō)明文，應(yīng)用文等。

近幾年，太空探索、載人航天一直是比較熱的話題，2022年11月29日晚11時(shí)08分神

舟十五發(fā)射成功，六位航天員在中國(guó)空間站大會(huì)師，我們共同見(jiàn)證了這一歷史性時(shí)刻，祝賀

中國(guó)航天人。預(yù)測(cè)在今年各區(qū)一模、二模、期末、仿真中時(shí)會(huì)高頻出現(xiàn)，學(xué)生要做到會(huì)分析

此類文章，學(xué)會(huì)如何解答相應(yīng)考題的思路。

滿分技巧

四種題型：

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題

☆考察方面：學(xué)生對(duì)相關(guān)信息的識(shí)別能力，答案一般可在原文定位到

☆答題事項(xiàng)：應(yīng)迅速找到并且定位到考點(diǎn)，不可望文生義和主觀臆斷

☆干擾選項(xiàng)：一般與文中觀點(diǎn)相反，不符，未涉及，特征是無(wú)中生有，張冠李戴，以偏

概全，擴(kuò)大內(nèi)容

解題技巧：

通讀短文，領(lǐng)會(huì)文章大意，理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)層次及細(xì)節(jié)，特別注意：

1.五個(gè)W(who,which,when,where,what)和一個(gè)H(how)；

2.數(shù)字、日期、時(shí)間等；

3.注意加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的詞，運(yùn)用排除法排除不符合原文細(xì)節(jié)的選項(xiàng)，剩下的就是最佳答案。

2.詞句猜測(cè)題

此題要求考生正確理解短文中的一些關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)或句子的含義，常用的方法是多種表達(dá)

法、一詞多義法、同義近義或反義提示法、習(xí)語(yǔ)釋文法及句型轉(zhuǎn)換法等。

解題技巧：

1.正確理解題意，從短文中找到相關(guān)的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子，根據(jù)特定的語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷理解,

推敲斟酌和最后確定其準(zhǔn)確含義。

2.根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)詞義的技巧：

(1)注意定義和解釋；

(2)同義詞或近義詞的提示；

(3)近義詞和反義詞的提示；

(4)利用懸念的屬種關(guān)系；

(5)借助已有知識(shí)或生活常識(shí)。

3.推理判斷題(不要自行推理+過(guò)度推理)

☆考察方面：透過(guò)文章的信息進(jìn)入深刻的分析，歸納和推斷得解

☆答題事項(xiàng)：應(yīng)迅速找到并且定位到考點(diǎn)，不可望文生義和主觀臆斷

解題技巧：

1.分析文章的主旨。

2.分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。

3.尋找文章的邏輯思路。

4.核對(duì)問(wèn)題中各項(xiàng)選擇與文章中有關(guān)詞句的聯(lián)系。

4.主旨大意題(BeSttitle)

☆考察方面：學(xué)生對(duì)文章主旨的駕馭能力，答案一般需要合理的歸納和總結(jié)得到

☆答題事項(xiàng)：通過(guò)略讀來(lái)快速把握文章的中心，閱讀時(shí)視域要寬，緊抓對(duì)主題句搜索，

按意群進(jìn)行閱讀，避免閱讀中的出聲，指讀，復(fù)視或停頓。

熱點(diǎn)話題

中國(guó)航天、空間站、火星探索、月球探索、宇宙奧秘等。

限時(shí)檢測(cè)

Chinahasfoursatellitelaunchbases（衛(wèi)星發(fā)射基地）.TheyareJiuquaninGansu,XichanginSichuan,

TaiyuaninShanxiandWenchanginHainan.

JiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterwhichwasfounded（建立）in1958isoneofthefourfamoussatellite

launchbasesinChina.ThecenterhascreatedeightproudfirstsforChina'sspaceindustry.OnApril21,1970,

China,sfirstman-madeearthsatellitewasraisedthere.TheLongMarch2FrocketcarryingtheShenzhouXII

mannedSDaCeCrafIblastedoff（發(fā)射）fromJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinJune,2021.

XichangSatelliteLaunchCenter,alsoknownasXichangSatelliteCity,wasfoundedin1970.After37years

ofdevelopment,thecenterhasthousandsofsetsofexcellentequipment（設(shè)備）.ItisknownasthefctOriental

Houston（東方休斯頓）

TaiyuanSatelliteLaunchCenterwasfoundedin1967.ThecenterhaslaunchedChina,sfirstweathersatellite

4Tengyun-Γ?makingninefirstsinthehistoryofChina,ssatellitelaunches.

WenchangSpaceLaunchCenter（foundedin2009）isnowthefourthsatellitelaunchcenterofChina.

Becauseitisonly19degreesawayfromtheequator（赤道）,morerocketloads（負(fù)載）arepossible,makingit

thecenterofChina,sspacedevelopmentinthefuture.

1.HowmanysatellitelaunchbasesarethereinChinaaccordingtothepassage?

A.Therearethree.B.Therearefour.C.Therearefive.D.Therearesix.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords"mannedspacecraft"meaninChinese?

A.載人飛船B.宇宙空間站C.航空航天器D.人造地球衛(wèi)星

3.Whichcenterisknownasthe"OrientalHouston,,7

A.JiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter.B.XichangSatelliteLaunchCenter.

C.TaiyuanSatelliteLaunchCenter.D.WenchangSpaceLaunchCenter.

4.Choosetheorderofthefoundation（成立）timeofthefourcentersaccordingtothefollowing:

①JiUqUan②XiChang③TaiyUan?Wenchang

A.①②③④B.③①④②C.③④②①D.φ?②④

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTright?

A.ThecenterofTaiyuanhasmadeninefirstssince1967.

B.TheShenzhouXIImannedspacecraftblastedoffinJune,2021.

C.ThecenterofJiuquanhascreatedeightproudfirstssince1968.

D.ThecenterofWenchangwillbethecenterofChina,sspacedevelopment.

【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.D5.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)的四個(gè)衛(wèi)星發(fā)射基地。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chinahasfbursatellitelaunchbases”可知，中國(guó)有四個(gè)衛(wèi)星發(fā)射基地，故選B。

2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“TheLongMarch2FrocketcarryingtheShenzhouXIImannedspacecraftblastedoff（發(fā)

射）fromJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinJune,2021”及常識(shí)可知，長(zhǎng)征2F火箭搭載神舟十二號(hào)載人飛船

在酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心升空，所以mannedspacecraft表示“載人飛船"，故選Ao

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"XichangSatelliteLaunchCenter,alsoknownasXichangSatelliteCity...Itisknownas

the'OrientalHouston（東方休斯頓）1可知，西昌衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心被稱為“東方休斯頓”，故選B。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"JiUqUanSatelliteLaunchCenterwhichwasfounded（建立）in1958”,"Xichang

SatelliteLaunchCenter,alsoknownasXichangSatelliteCity,wasfoundedin1970”,??TaiyuanSatelliteLaunch

Centerwasfoundedin1967,,>tfcWenchangSpaceLaunchCenter（foundedin2009）”可知，建立時(shí)間的排序

為：酒泉①一太原③一西昌②一文昌④，故選D。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"JiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterwhichwasfounded（建立）in1958isoneofthefour

famoussatellitelaunchbasesinChina.ThecenterhascreatedeightproudfirstsforChina'sspaceinduStry”可

知，酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心從1958年開(kāi)始為中國(guó)航天工業(yè)創(chuàng)造「八個(gè)令人自豪的第一，而不是1968年，C

表述錯(cuò)誤，故選C。

uHello,everyone!WelcometoTiangongClass."Withthisgreeting,aspeciallecturebeganonTiangong

spacestationabout400kilometersaboveEarthonDec9.

Lastingforaboutanhour,thespacelecturewasbroadcastlivetomillionsofstudents,showinghowtheylive

andworkonthespacestationandperformingsomeinterestingexperimentsthatcanonlybedoneinspace.

ThisisthesecondlivespacelectureinChina.In2013,withthehelpoftwootherworkmates,Wanggavethe

country,sfirstlivespacelecturetoover60millionschoolchildrenacrossChina.

Comparedwiththeclasseightyearsago,thisyear,sspacelectureisgreatlydifferent.

Morespacetoteach

AccordingtoPangZhihao,aBeijing-basedspaceexpert,the“classroom“isbigger.InsteadofTiangong1

experimentalmodule（實(shí)驗(yàn)艙）,thisyearWanggavethespacelectureintheTianhespacecoremodule（核心艙），

whichisthebiggestspacecraftdevelopedbyChina.

▲

Thequalityofspacetogroundinteractionandcommunicationisalsomuchimproved.

Thespacelectureeightyearsagosometimesfacedthechallengesofthevideofreezingandanunclear

picture,butthisyear,slectureisdifferent.Technologyhasdevelopedalot.Forexample,withthehelpofChina,s

Tianlianrelaysatellites（天鏈中繼衛(wèi)星）,thetransmissionspeedhasbeenhighlyincreasedandthewholelive

broadcasthasrunsmoothly.

Biggercurriculum（授課內(nèi)容）

Alongwiththetechnologicalprogress,thisyear,sspacelecturediscussedmore.Eightyearsago,Wang

showedstudentsthelawsofphysicsandfocusedontheinterestingphenomenonofweightlessnessinspace.But

thisyear,biologywasadded.Theastronautscomparedthegrowthandshapeofcellsinartificialgravity（人工重

力）andzerogravity.

Thoughthesespacelecturesshowedvarioustopics,theaimbehindthelectureshasneverchanged.

AccordingtoChinaDaily,thespacelecturesaimtot?spreadknowledgeaboutmannedspaceflightsandSPark

enthusiasmforscienceamongyoungpeople,,?

“Thespiritofscienceintheyouthisanimportantdriveroftheprogressofmankind,,,ZhouJianping,chief

designerofChina,smannedspaceprogram,added.uSpaceactivitiescanhelpthembuildthespiritofpursuing（追

求，探討）scienceandfacingcha?lenges.^^

6.Whatdidn,tthespacelectureshowusthistimeonDec9?

A.Howtheyliveonthespacestation.

B.Howtheyworkonthespacestation.

C.Someinterestingexperimentsthatcanonlybedoneinspace.

D.Theinterestingphenomenonofgravityontheearth.

7.Whichonecanbetheseconddifferenceontheblank▲?

A.TechnologicaldevelopmentB.Qualityofspace

C.ChallengesofthevideofreezingD.Smoothlivebroadcast

8.What,sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords?

A.產(chǎn)生興趣B.激發(fā)熱情C.提高認(rèn)知D.改變態(tài)度

9.WhatcanweIeamfromthearticle?

A.Chineseaerospaceindustryhasmadegreatprogressinthepasteightyears.

B.We,vechangedtheaimbehindthelecturesinspace.

C.Biologywasaddedtothelecturein2013.

D.Thetransmissionspeedhasbeenhighlyincreasedexceptforthevideofreezing.

10.What,sthearticlemainlyabout?

A.AspeciallecturebeganonTiangongspacestation.

B.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwospacelectures.

C.Thespiritofscienceintheyouth.

D.Theaimbehindthelectures.

【答案】6.D7.A8.B9.A10.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了天宮課堂的有關(guān)信息及兩次太空講座的區(qū)別。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lastingforaboutanhour,thespacelecturewasbroadcastlivetomillionsofstudents,

showinghowtheyliveandworkonthespacestationandperformingsomeinterestingexperimentsthatcanonly

bedoneinspace.”可知天宮課堂告訴我們他們?nèi)绾卧诳臻g站上生活和工作及一些只能在太空中進(jìn)行的有趣

實(shí)驗(yàn)，不包括“地球上有趣的引力現(xiàn)象、故選D。

7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Thequalityofspacetogroundinteractionandcommunicationisalsomuchimproved.”

及“Technologyhasdevelopedalot.”可知此處主要講技術(shù)發(fā)展，空處填“Technologicaldevelopment”。故選

Ao

8.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“spreadknowledgeaboutmannedspaceflightsandsparkenthusiasmforscienceamong

youngpeople”可推出是要激發(fā)年輕人對(duì)科學(xué)的熱情，sparkenthusiasm意為“激發(fā)熱情故選B。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Comparedwiththeclasseightyearsago,thisyear'sspacelectureisgreatlydifferent.”及

這次天宮課堂的不同之處，可推出中國(guó)航天工業(yè)在過(guò)去的8年里取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。故選A。

10.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Comparedwiththeclasseightyearsago,thisyear,sspacelectureisgreatlydifferent.”

及全文內(nèi)容可知本文主要講兩個(gè)太空講座的區(qū)別。故選B。

三、

Thousandsofyearsago,ChinesepoetQuYuanwrotethepoemTianwen,inwhichhecameupwithmany

questionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,andtheworldaroundus.Thepoemshowedhisdoubtsabouttraditional

ideasandthespiritoffindingthetruth.

Inspiredbythegreatpoet,Chinahasnameditsnextplanetaryexplorationtasks（行星探測(cè)任務(wù)）afterthe

poem.Thefirstone—aMars（火星）explorationtask—hasbeennamedTianwen1.ThisshowsChina,sstrong

wishtoexplorespaceanddiscoveritssecrets.

Uptonow,Chinahasbeenmakinggreatprogressinspaceexploration.Asearlyas1970,Chinasentitsfirst

man-madeEarthsatellite（衛(wèi)星）intospace,becomingthefifthcountryintheworld.Since2003,Chinahas

carriedoutsixShenzhoutasksandsenttwospacelabsintoEarth,sorbit（軌道）.InDecember2018,Chinabecame

thefirstcountrytosendtheprobe（探測(cè)器）Chang,e4tothemoon,sfarside,whichpeoplecanneverseefrom

Earth.

Inthefuture,theTianwenwillfollowtheShenzhouandChang,eandmovefurtherintospace.Thefirststep

istosendaMarsprobethisyear,whichwillmarkthestartofChina,sexplorationoftheMars.Theprobeis

expectedtomovearound,landonandexploreMarsinonetask.Ifitsucceeds,itwillbethefirsttocompleteallof

theseinonetask.

Afterthistask,ChinaplanstovisitMarsagainin2028,inordertocollectsoilfromthesurfaceandbringitto

Earth.Around2030,ChinawillexploreJupiter.ThereisnodoubtthatChina,sspaceexplorationwillhaveabright

future.

11.“Ifitsucceeds,itwillbethefirsttocompletealloftheseinonetask."shows.

A.GreatprogresshasbeenmadebyChinainexploringtheMars.

B.Tianwen1isgoingtomoveiurtherintospaceandexploreMars.

C.ChinawillbecomethefirstcountryintheworldtoexploreMars.

D.Noprobehasmovedaround,landedonandexploredMarsinonetask.

12.Accordingtothepassage,PicturecanshowtheprogressmadebyChang,e4.

MoOn

M∞n

13.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe

A.CulturalMeaningBehindTianwenB.China,sSpaceExplorationProject

C.DevelopmentofTianwenSeriesD.Tianwen-MovingFurtherintoSpace

14.Thestructureofthepassagemaybe.

A.]IdParapmpb1∣

LPWl；--

/qP?r?pr>ph2∣

P>??ageE-∣~~1Pan2HP>r?pr?phj""∣

P?r?pr?ph4∣

2h----------------------1

￥PmpraphS∣

D.___________

IP?nlHMpraphl∣

/Parapraph2∣

IPMMgee-∣~IPm2∣*IPιnpraphT^∣

?YPaePraPh4∣

IPin3HPm;IraPIIS∣

【答案】11?D12.A13.D14.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章由屈原的《天問(wèn)》引出近些年中國(guó)對(duì)火星的探索。主要講述了中國(guó)在

探索火星方面的一些成就以及將來(lái)探索火星和其他星球的計(jì)劃。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Theprobeisexpectedtomovearound,landonandexploreMarsinonetask.,,∏T知，探

測(cè)器將四處移動(dòng)，著陸和探索火星，如果都完成，就會(huì)成為第一個(gè)在一個(gè)任務(wù)中完成所有這些任務(wù)的探

測(cè)器，所以在這個(gè)探測(cè)器之前，沒(méi)有探測(cè)器能在一項(xiàng)任務(wù)中完成四處移動(dòng)、著陸和探索火星。故選D。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InDecember2018,Chinabecamethefirstcountrytosendtheprobe（探測(cè)器）Chang'e

4tothemoon'sfarside,whichpeoplecanneverseefromEarth.”可知，中國(guó)將探測(cè)器發(fā)射到了月球的遠(yuǎn)端，

在地球看不到探測(cè)器。故選A。

13.最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文及根據(jù)“Inthefuture,theTianwenwillfollowtheShenzhouandChang,eandmove

furtherintoSPaCe.”可知，文章主要講述了天問(wèn)系列探索火星的一些成就及將來(lái)進(jìn)一步探索太空的計(jì)劃。故

選D。

14.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段主要借由屈原的《天問(wèn)》引出中國(guó)探索火星這一話題；第二三

四段主要講述了中國(guó)過(guò)去探索火星的一些成就；最后一段主要講述了將來(lái)探索火星和其他星球的計(jì)劃。

故選C。

四、

Fromtinyseeds（種子）,greatdiscoveriesgrow.Amini-gardencarriedonChina'sChang,e4moonlander

recentlybecamehometothefirstplanttogrowonanotherworld.

ThisisyetanothersuccessforChang,e4.OnJanuary2,theprobe（探測(cè)器）becamethefirstlandertotouch

downonthefarsideofthemoon.Thisistheunknownfaceofthemoonthatisalwayslookingawayfromus,so

Weneverseeitfromdownhereontheearth.Althoughitisoftenregardedasthedarksideofthemoon,thefar

sideactuallygetsasmuchsunshineasthenearside.Forexample,whenallwecanseeisasilverofanewmoon,

thefarsideofthemoonisinfullsunlight.

PartofChang,e4,smission（使命）istoseehowamoonbasecouldbebuiltforhumans,includingexploring

（探索）whetherhumanscouldgrowfoodandotherplantproductsthere.Chang,e4carriedamini-gardenwithair,

waterandsoilwithseedsplantedinit.Whenplantsshootontheearth,theirstemsgrowawayfromthegravity

（theforcethatkeepsyourfeetontheground）,andsotheyalwaysshootupwards.Themoon,sgravityisasixthas

strongastheearth,s,soChang,e4,sexperimentwasatest:wouldtheearthplantsknowwhichwaywasuponthe

moon?Fourdaysafterlanding,atinycottonshootshowedthattheydo.

Nighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon;sunlightwillnotreturnuntilthestartofFebruary.Asa

result,thecottonshootsdied.Besidesthedarkness,theplantscan,tstandthecold（itcandropto-170*Conthe

moonatnight）.However,theexperimentisasuccess,sinceithasprovedthatitispossibleforplantstogrowin

space.

15.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.anothersuccessforChang,e4B.Chang,e4moonlander

C.tinyseedsinthesoilD.thestepsofanexperiment

16.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutChang,e4?

A.Itexploredthemoonbase.B.Itlandedonthenearsideofthemoon.

C.Itcarriedamini-garden.D.Itfoundplantsonthemoon.

17.AccordingtothepassageWecanknowthat.

A.thefarsideofthemoongetslesssunlight

B.theearthplantsknowthewaytogrowonthemoon

C.wecanseethefarsideofthemoonfromtheearth

D.thesteinsfailtogrowawayfromtheearth'sgravity

18.Whatcanbeinferred（推理）fromthepassage?

A.Plantscanbegrownonthemoonsoon.B.Itisperfecttodoexperimentsonthemoon.

C.Thecottonshootscanlastdaysonthemoon.D.WecanseeanewmoonatthestartofFebruary.

【答案】15?A16.C17.B18.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要是介紹嫦娥四號(hào)的又一次成功：搭載了一個(gè)有空氣、水和土壤的小花園，里面種著種

子的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，以及實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果加以分析。

15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“ThisisyetanothersuccessforChang,e4.”以及整個(gè)文章的理解可知，文章主要是關(guān)

于嫦娥四號(hào)又一次成功的事情，故選A。

16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Amini-gardencarriedonChina,sChang,e4moonlanderrecentlybecamehometothe

firstplanttogrowonanotherworld.”可知，中國(guó)嫦娥四號(hào)月球著陸器攜帶的一個(gè)迷你花園成為了在另一個(gè)

世界生長(zhǎng)的第一株植物的家園。故選C。

17.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Chang'e4'sexperimentwasatest:wouldtheearthplantsknowwhichwaywasupon

themoon?Fourdaysafterlanding,atinycottonshootshowedthattheydo.”嫦娥四號(hào)的實(shí)驗(yàn)是一個(gè)測(cè)試：地球

上的植物知道月球上哪個(gè)方向是向上的嗎？著陸四天后，一株小小的棉花芽表明它們可以。由此可知，

地球上的植物知道如何在月球上生長(zhǎng)，故選BC

18.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Nighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon;sunlightwillnotreturnuntilthestart

OfFebrUary.”可知，現(xiàn)在月亮背面是夜晚，直到二月初陽(yáng)光才會(huì)照射到，而那個(gè)時(shí)候就會(huì)出現(xiàn)新月，故選

Do

五、

Dearstudents,Iamgladtodeliveraspeechaboutspaceasaspacescientist.

In2003,Chinasentitsfirstastronaut,YangLiwei,12otherChineseastronautshave"reachedforthestars”.

ShenzhouXIIIspacecrafttookoffinOctoberandcarried3astronautstothespace.Amongthem,Wanghaseven

drawnworldwideattention.SheisknowntousbecauseshewillbecomethefirstChinesewomantotakea

spacewalk.Becauseofthis,youstarttowonderwhatyoushoulddosoastobecomeastronautslikethesegreat

men.Actuallyitisnevereasytobeanastronaut.

Healthisimportant

Tobeanastronaut,youneedtobeveryhealthy.You,dbetternothaveanysmallproblems.Forexample,a

decayedtooth（齒禹齒）couldgetworseinspaceandbringtroubletoastronauts.

Becomestrongerwithhardtraining

InChina,youmustbeagreatpilotfirstandflymorethan600hourswithoutaccidents.Andthenyoumight

startdifficulttrainingafterbecomingabackup（預(yù)備的）astronaut.Forexample,youhavetoweara200-

kilogramsuitanddotasksunderwaterforsixorsevenhourswithouteatingorgoingtothetoilet.Thisislike

doingtasksduringaspacewalk.

Learnscience

Knowledgeisimportantaswell.Astronautsmustlearndifferentsubjectsincludingmath,English,physics.

Sotheycandowithemergencies（緊急'情況）anddoscientificexperimentsinspace.

However,it,spossiblethatbackupastronautscannevergotospace.DuringtheShenzhouXIIImission,only

threeastronautscouldgointospace.Butthereareanother13backupastronauts.Theyarealsoheroesofthisgreat

spaceprogram.

19.Uptonow,howmanyChineseastronautshavebeenintospace?

A.12.B.13.C.25.D.26.

20.Whichofthewordcanreplace（替換）theunderlinedwordinParagraph2?

A.paintedB.broughtC.madeD.caught

21.Whattrainingshouldanastronauttake?

A.Flyinganairplaneforabout600days.

B.Playingsportsfor200hoursperweek.

C.Wearingaspecialsuitanddoingtasksunderwater.

D.Practicingspacewalksforaround6hourseveryday.

22.WhatcanWeinferaccordingtothepassage?

A.Astronautscansolveeveryemergency.

B.Ifyouarehealthy,youcangointospace.

C.Astronautsdon,tcareaboutsmallhealthyproblem.

D.Backupastronautsmightnotgointospaceintheend.

23.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.Itishardtobecomeanastronaut.

B.Astronautscanstayhealthyinspace.

C.Astronautsshouldtakedifferenttraining.

D.Thesubjectsareeasyforastronautstoleam.

【答案】19.B20.D21.C22.D23.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了要成為一名宇航員應(yīng)該滿足的條件。

19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In2003,Chinasentitsfirstastronaut,YangLiwei,12otherChineseastronautshave

"reachedforthestars,.,,（2003年,中國(guó)派出了第一位宇航員楊利偉,其他12名中國(guó)宇航員已經(jīng)“登上了太

空”。）可知到目前為止，有13位中國(guó)宇航員進(jìn)入了太空。故選B。

20.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“SheisknowntousbecauseshewillbecomethefirstChinesewomantotakea

SPaCeWalk."（我們知道她是因?yàn)樗龑⒊蔀榈谝粋€(gè)進(jìn)行太空行走的中國(guó)女性。）可知她引起了全世界的關(guān)

注，drawattention和catchattention意思相同,故選Do

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forexample,youhavetoweara200-kilogramsuitanddotasksunderwaterforsixor

sevenhourswithouteatingorgoingtothetoilet."可知你必須穿一件200公斤的衣服，在水下完成六到七個(gè)小

時(shí)的任務(wù)，不吃飯也不上廁所。故選C。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However,it,spossiblethatbackupastronautscannevergotospace.“可知預(yù)備宇航員

最終可能不會(huì)進(jìn)入太空。故選DC

23.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Actuallyitisnevereasytobeanastronaut.”以及全文可知，本文主要介紹了要成為

一名宇航員應(yīng)該滿足的條件，A選項(xiàng)“成為一名宇航員是很難的?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選A。

六、

OnOct16,Chinalaunchedthecrewedspacecraft,ShenzhouXIII,attheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterin

Gansu,marking（標(biāo)志著）thestartofthecountry,slongestcrewedspaceflight.

OnNov7,WangYapingcameoutoftheTiangongspacestation,wavingbacktoEarth.The41-year-old

womanmadehistory.ShebecameChina,sfirstfemalespacewalker!WangtogetherwithastronautZhaiZhigang,

completeda6.5-hourspacewalk.Theyadjusted（調(diào)整）thestation,sroboticarm.Theyalsotestedthesafetyof

theirspacesuits.ThesespacesuitsweremadebyChina.

Since1984,only16women（includingWang）aroundtheworldhaveeverdonespacewalks.accordingto

GlobalTimes.Butfemalespacewalkersareveryimportanttospaceexploration（探索），saidYangYuguang,vice

chairoftheSpaceTransportationCommitteeoftheInternationalAstronauticallyFederation.

Yangsaidthathumansmayliveonotherplanetssomeday.44IfWedon,tletwomentakepartinthis,our

efforts（努力）wouldbeincomplete.Weneedtostudyhowfemalebodiesadjusttothespaceenvironment.That,s

whyWang,sspacewalkisimportant,,,YangtoldGlobalTimes.

Pangsaidthatfemaleastronautshavemanyadvantagesovertheirmalepeers（同事）inextendedmissions.

??Womenareusuallymoresensitive,attentiveandcarefulinmanyregards,andnormallyarebetterat

communicating.Thesetraitsareusefulassetsinextended（長(zhǎng)期的）flights.”

24.WhendidChinalaunchtheShenzhouXIIIcrewedspacecraft?

A.OnJune20.B.OnNov7.C.OnOct16.D.OnJune13.

25.WhatcanwelearnaboutWangYaping?

A.Sheis40yearsoldnow.

B?Shecompletedthespacewalkbyherself.

C.WangYapingisChina,sfirstfemaleastronauttoperformaspacewalk.

D.WangYapinghasmanydisadvantagesoverhermalepeers.

26.WhatdidWanghelptestduringherspacewalk?

A.Thesafetyofthestation.

B?Thesafetyofastronauts'spacesuits.

C.Thesafetyoftheroboticarm.

D.Thesafetyofwalkinginspacewithoutaspacesuit..

27.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A.WhyWang,sspacewalkisimportant.

B.Whenhumanscanliveonotherplanets.

C.Whyastronautscarryoutspacewalks.

D.Howfemalebodieschangeinspace.

28.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthisarticle?

A.Inthemagazineforfashion.B.Inastorybook.

C.Inatravelguide.D.Inthenewspaper.

【答案】24.C25.C26.B27.A28.D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了中國(guó)發(fā)射神州十三號(hào)載人飛船的事件，以及講述了女性宇航

員在航天事業(yè)中的重要地位。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OnOct16,Chinalaunchedthecrewedspacecraft,ShenzhouXIII,attheJiuquan

SatelliteLaunchCenterinGansu,marking（標(biāo)志著）thestartofthecountry,slongestcrewedSPaCeflight.“可

知，中國(guó)在10月16日發(fā)射了神州十三號(hào)載人飛船。故選C。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ShebecameChina'sfirstfemalespacewalker!”可知，王亞平成為中國(guó)第一位在太空

漫步的女性。故選C。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheyalsotestedthesafetyoftheirSPaCeSUits.”可知，王亞平幫助測(cè)試宇航服的安全

性。故選Bo

27.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Tha∕swhyWang,sspacewalkisimportant”可知，這一段主要說(shuō)明了王亞平太空漫

步的重要性，因?yàn)槲覀冃枰芯颗陨眢w如何適應(yīng)太空環(huán)境。故選A。

28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“YangtoldGbbH刀"心”可知《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》是?份報(bào)刊，因此推測(cè)這篇文章應(yīng)是一

篇報(bào)刊的新聞報(bào)道。故選D。

七、

Wehaveseenlotsofsciencefictionmoviesaboutaliens.Peopletraveltostarsandevenfightwithaliensin

themovies.Butarethererealaliensintheuniverse（宇宙）?Mostofusthinkitisimpossible,justlikefairy

tales.Buttheanswerofsomescientistsisyes.Sotheyhavebeensearchingforaliensinouterspaceformany

years.Theyhopetofindlifesignsofaliens.

Somescientistsareusedtousingradiotelescopes（望遠(yuǎn)鏡）tosearchforaliensinspace.Inordertofind

aliens,theyhaveworkedhardforoverhalfacentury,butsofartheyhavefoundnothing.Thensomescientists

guessedaliensmightnotwanttoconnectus,butalienscouldanswerourmessages.Sosomescientistssentradio

signalsintotheuniverse.Theyhopeonedaytheywouldbepickedupbyalientechnology.Thesescientistswant

toprove（證明）thatwearenotaloneintheuniverse.

Butwhatshouldwedoifthet?alienphone^^ringsoneday?Shouldweanswerit?StephenHawking,the

famousphysicist,thoughtitcouldbedangeroustoconnectaliens.Hesaidthatthemainpurposeofaliens,visiting

totheearthcouldbesearchingforourresources（資源）.Butotherscientiststhinkwehavenoneedtoworry.

DavidMorrison,aNASAscientist,said,??Ifanalienradiosignalreachestheearthfromaplanetthousandsof

light-yearsaway,thentheyalmostsurelyhavesolvedalltheproblemsWestillhaveincludingtheshortof

resources.Maybetheyaremuchsmarterthanus,butwhydotheywanttohurtus?Ithinkwecantrytoconnect

them.,,

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。

29.scientistsbelievetherearealiens.

A.FewB.AllC.MostD.Some

30.Scientistshaveworkedhardtofindaliensfor.

A.50yearsB.morethan50years

C.40yearsD.morethan100years

31.WhatisStephenHawking,sopinion?

A.Aliensarefriendly.B.Aliensaredangerous.

C.Alienscan,tbefound.D.Alienshavebeenontheearth.

32.WhydoesDavidMorrisonthinkwewanttoconnectaliens?

A.BecauseWewanttofindaliens.

B.Becausealienshavemanyskills.

C.Becausewewanttohelpaliens.

D.Becausealiensaremuchsmarterthanus.

33.Whafsthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AreWeAlone?B.StephenHawking,sIdea

C.ProtectOurEarthD.Howtofindaliens

【答案】29.D30.B31.B32.D33.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇短文主要講述了外星人是否存在以及不同的人對(duì)外星人的看法。

29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。IKl???Butarethererealaliensintheuniverse（宇宙）?...Buttheanswerofsomescientistsis

yes.”可知一些科學(xué)家給出了肯定的回答，也就是他們認(rèn)為有外星人的存在。故選DC

30.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Inordertofindaliens,theyhaveworkedhardforoverhalfacentury,butsofarthey

havefoundnothing.”可知，為了尋找外星人，他們辛苦了半個(gè)多世紀(jì)，但至今一無(wú)所獲。半個(gè)多世紀(jì)也就

是50多年。故選B。

31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)“StephenHawking,thefamousphysicist,thoughtitcouldbedangeroustoconnect

aliens.”可知著名物理學(xué)家StephenHawking認(rèn)為聯(lián)系外星人可能很危險(xiǎn)。故