2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義Unit4BodyLanguage新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)含答案

Unit4BodyLanguageThesignificanceofnonverbalcommunicationcan’tbeignored.Appropriategesturescanbeveryusefulforinteraction.Bycomparisonwithverbalcommunication，bodylanguageismoregenuinebecauseitcanrevealourinternalthoughtsandfeelings.Butbodylanguageisnotalwaysreliable.Peoplemayadjusttheirexpressionstohidetheirtruefeelings.Forexample，afakesmilecanbeemployedtohidefeelingslikebeingashamedorembarrassed.Therefore，weshoulddistinguishrealfeelingsfrombodylanguagewewitnesswithcare.Generally，bodylanguageisuniversal.Forexample，asinceresmilecanbreakdownlanguagebarriers，butsomegesturesvaryfromculturetoculture.Togreetothers，somemayshakehandsorbowfromthewaistwhileothersfavourkissingpeopleonthecheek.Besides，anidenticalgesturemaydemonstratedifferentmeanings.Forexample，thumbsup，thewidelyrecognizedsigntoapprove，isactuallyinterpretedashighlyoffensiveincertaincountries.Toavoidconflicts，wemustlearnaboutthegesturesbeforewecallonsomebodyinanewplace.1varyvi.（根據(jù)情況）變化；改變；（大小、形狀等）相異1.[北師必修①－1]Ialsoshopforvarious（vary）thingsonline，suchasbooks，computerhardwareandothernecessities.2.WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootonthecontinentofNorthAmerica，theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvariety（vary）ofwildlife.3.Roomsvaryinsizeandsomeareequippedwithatelevisionandtelephone.4.學(xué)校有各種各樣的俱樂部，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生發(fā)展興趣愛好。 （興趣愛好）→①Theschoolhasvariousclubs，encouragingstudentstodeveloptheirinterests.（various）→②Thereisavarietyofclubs/Therearevarietiesofclubsintheschooltoencouragestudentstodeveloptheirinterests.（variety）5.對(duì)這件事的看法因人而異。Opinionsonthismattervaryfrompersontoperson.（vary）點(diǎn)撥本句可用于觀點(diǎn)類書面表達(dá)的寫作中，后面跟some...others...，用來介紹不同或?qū)α⒌挠^點(diǎn)?！飗aryfrom...to...根據(jù)……的不同而變化varyfrom...to/varybetween...and...從……到……不等varyin...在……方面不同varywith...隨……而變化★variousadj.各種各樣的★varietyn.不同種類；變化；多樣化avarietyof＝varietiesof＝various各種各樣的2approvevi.贊成；同意vt.批準(zhǔn)；通過1.Manyyoungsters（少年）nowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapproval（approve）theygetonline，oftenthrough"likes".2.SomeofthemapproveoftheideathatitisgoodtostartlearningEnglishinchildhood.3.Herparentsapprovedofherearning（earn）moneyinhersparetime，warninghernottoneglectherstudies.4.如果我的申請(qǐng)能得到您的批準(zhǔn)，我將不勝感激。 （申請(qǐng)信）Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyourapproval.點(diǎn)撥Iwouldappreciateitif...如果……我將不勝感激。注意主從句都要用一般過去時(shí)，表示委婉的請(qǐng)求。★approveof...贊成……；同意……approveof（sb./sb.’s）doingsth.同意/贊成（某人）做某事★disapprovev.不同意approvaln.同意；贊成；批準(zhǔn)3witnessvt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)看到；目擊；見證n.目擊者；證人1.TheAncientSilkRoadisawitnesstotheSino-Europeanexchangesoverthousandsofyears.2.警方呼吁凡是目擊這一事件的人都要與他們聯(lián)系。Policehavecalledonanyonewhowitnessedtheincidenttocontactthem.3.過去的幾十年見證了在線新聞媒體的快速發(fā)展?！賂hepastdecadeshavewitnessedtherapiddevelopmentofonlinenewsmedia.（witnessv.）→②Thepastdecadeshavebeenawitnesstotherapiddevelopmentofonlinenewsmedia.（witnessn.）★witnesssth.目擊/目睹某事★be（a）witnesstosth.目擊；看見；見證bear/givewitnessto為……作證；證明4favourvt.較喜歡；選擇；有利于n.幫助；恩惠；贊同1.Igenerallyfavourrunning（run）intheearlymorning，whentheroadsarequiet.2.Itgavemeabigthrilltomeetmyfavourite（favour）authorinperson.3.毋庸置疑，機(jī)遇和成功往往青睞那些有準(zhǔn)備的人。 （讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華）Undoubtedly，opportunitiesandsuccesstendtofavourthosewhoareready.4.我們真誠(chéng)地希望你能幫我們一個(gè)忙，把我們英語課本上的一個(gè)故事改編成短劇。（求助信）WesincerelyhopeyoucandousafavourandhelpadaptastoryfromourEnglishtextbookforashortplay.★favourdoingsth.更喜歡做某事★dosb.afavour幫某人的忙asksb.afavour＝askafavourofsb.請(qǐng)求某人幫忙infavourof贊成；支持★favourableadj.有利的；良好的；贊成的favouriteadj.特別受喜愛的5distinguishvi.&vt.區(qū)分；辨別vt.使出眾；使著名1.[人教選必④－1]Itwouldnotbesurprisingifwefounditdifficulttodistinguishbetweenrealityandsciencefictioninthefuture.2.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent，ambition，energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguished（distinguish）writer.3.杭州以其迷人的風(fēng)景而聞名，每年都有大批游客前來游覽。 （景點(diǎn)介紹）Distinguishedforitsattractivescenery，Hangzhouwitnesseslargenumbersoftouristseveryyear.（witness，過去分詞短語作狀語）4.讀好書不僅能豐富我們的思想，還能教會(huì)我們辨別是非。（演講稿）Readinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourmindsbutalsoteachustodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.★distinguish...from...使……有別于……；從……區(qū)分……distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分……和……distinguishoneself（as/by...）（作為/因……）出眾；著名bedistinguishedfor/as...因?yàn)?作為……而著名★distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的6ashamedadj.羞愧；慚愧；因慚愧而不情愿1.Ireallyfeltashamedofmyselffailingtolendahandtomyneighbourwhenheaskedmeafavour.2.Everystudentshouldkeepinmindthatit’swrongandshameful（shame）tocheatinexams！3.Iamashamedtoadmit（admit）thatIliedtomybestfriend.4.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered，andit’sashamethatIdon’thavemuchuseforit.5.我既尷尬又羞愧，無法集中精力做任何事情。 （讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫）Embarrassedandashamed，Ican’tconcentrateonanything.（形容詞作狀語）★be/feelashamedof...為……感到羞愧beashamedtodosth.恥于做某事；不情愿做某事★shamen.羞恥；慚愧；讓人遺憾的事Itisashamethat...真可惜……★shamefuladj.可恥的；不體面的7adjustvt.調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)vi.&vt.（使）適應(yīng)；（使）習(xí)慣1.Flexiblepeoplearehighlyadaptableandcanadjustquicklytonewsituations.2.Someschoolswillhavetomakeadjustments（adjust）inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.點(diǎn)撥inagreementwith意為"同意，與……一致"，"in＋名詞＋with"可看作復(fù)合介詞，類似的詞很多。例如：incommonwith與……有共同之處；incompanywith與……一起；incomparisonwith與……比較。3.Adjustyourlanguagetotheageofyouraudience.4.Soafterthecamp，Irealisedthatitwasveryimportanttoadjustmylifestyle（調(diào)整我的生活方式非常重要）.5.作為交換生，我花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才適應(yīng)澳大利亞的生活?！貯sanexchangestudent，ittookmealongtimetoadjusttolivinginAustralia.（take，adjustto）→②Asanexchangestudent，IspentalongtimeadjustingmyselftothelifeinAustralia.（spend，adjustoneselftosth.）★adjust...to...調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)……adjustto（doing）sth.習(xí)慣/適應(yīng)（做）某事adjustoneselftosth.使自己適應(yīng)某事★adjustmentn.調(diào)整；適應(yīng)makeadjustments/anadjustment（to...）（對(duì)……）做出調(diào)整★adjustableadj.可調(diào)節(jié)的8breakdown打倒，砸破；（使）分解；（機(jī)器）損壞，出故障；（談判等）失敗，突然停止；被搞垮，垮掉；消除結(jié)合語境寫出下列句子中畫線部分的含義1.[外研必修②－6]Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown，butmuchlesstimeforpaper. （使）分解2.[外研選必③－4]That’sanoldfacility.Therobotstherewereboundtobreakdownsoonerorlater. 出故障3.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise，togreetsomeone，toaskforhelp，ortostartaconversation. 消除4.Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached. （談判等）失敗5.Hishealthhascompletelybrokendownunderthestressofheavywork. 垮掉9callon（短暫地）訪問；要求（某人講話等）；正式邀請(qǐng)1.[外研必修②－6]WearewritingthislettertocalloneveryonetotakepartintheClearYourPlatecampaign.點(diǎn)撥callonsb.todosth.結(jié)構(gòu)可用于倡議類書面表達(dá)的寫作中。2.Theconferencehadbeeneventuallycalledoff，sowewenthomeinstead.3.Workinginspacecallsforaspecialcombinationofskill，talentandbraveryaswellasphysicalandmentalstrength.4.Carswithseriousfaultshavebeencalledinbythemanufacturers.★calloff取消callup給……打電話；使想起callatsp.訪問/拜訪（某地）；?？縞allfor需要；（公開）要求callin叫來；打來電話；下令收回10部分否定1.雖然網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物改變了我們的生活，但并非所有的影響都是積極的?！賅hileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.（not修飾主語）→②Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，allofitseffectshaven’tbeenpositive.（not修飾謂語）2.遺憾的是，并不是每個(gè)人都意識(shí)到野生動(dòng)物有平等的生存權(quán)利。→①Unfortunately，noteveryonehasrealisedthatwildlifehasequalrightstosurvive.（not修飾主語）→②Unfortunately，everyonehasnotrealisedthatwildlifehasequalrightstosurvive.（not修飾謂語）點(diǎn)撥在部分否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，not既可以修飾主語，也可以修飾謂語，not的位置不影響意義的表達(dá)。3.科學(xué)家們提出了許多關(guān)于人類為什么哭的理論，但都沒有得到證實(shí)。Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscry，noneofwhichhasbeenproved.（"代詞＋ofwhich"引導(dǎo)的定語從句）4.湯姆請(qǐng)杰克和彼得和他一起去聽音樂會(huì)，但他們都不想去。TomasksJ