2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)自測(cè)Unit4NaturalDisasters新人教版必修第一冊(cè)含答案

Unit4NaturalDisasters基礎(chǔ)默寫Ⅰ.核心單詞——寫其形1.disastern.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害2.floodn.洪水；大量vi.淹沒(méi)；大量涌入vt.使灌滿水；淹沒(méi)3.rescuen.&vt.營(yíng)救；救援4.damagevt.損害；破壞n.損壞；損失5.destroyvt.摧毀；毀滅6.sheltern.避難處；居所；庇護(hù)vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽vi.躲避（風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)）7.ruinn.&vt.破壞；毀壞8.percentn.百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中9.trapvt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套n.險(xiǎn)境；陷阱10.buryvt.埋葬；安葬11.effortn.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力12.supplyn.供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；[pl.]補(bǔ)給品vt.供應(yīng)；供給13.powern.電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力14.calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜15.aidn.援助；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt.幫助；援助16.crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊n.撞車；碰撞17.sweepvt.&vi.打掃；清掃18.waven.海浪；波浪vi.&vt.揮手；招手19.strikevi.&vt.（過(guò)去式struck；過(guò)去分詞struck）侵襲；突擊；擊打；撞n.罷工；罷課；襲擊20.summaryn.總結(jié)；概括；概要Ⅱ.拓展單詞——通其變1.dievi.死；死亡→deathn.死；死亡→deadadj.死的→deadlyadj.致命的；極度的；十足的2.affectvt.影響；（疾?。┣忠u；深深打動(dòng)→affectionn.感情；喜愛3.shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.（使）震驚→shockingadj.令人震驚的→shockedadj.震驚的4.electricityn.電；電能→electricadj.帶電的；電動(dòng)的→electricaladj.與電有關(guān)的5.breathn.呼吸→breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的6.wiseadj.充滿智慧的；明智的；英明的→wisdomn.智慧；才智→wiselyadv.明智地7.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦→sufferingn.折磨；苦難；痛苦→sufferern.患病者；受難者8.eruptvi.&vt.（火山）爆發(fā)；（巖漿、煙等）噴出→eruptionn.噴發(fā)9.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過(guò)→survivaln.幸存；幸存事物→survivorn.幸存者10.delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表→deliveryn.傳送；遞送；演講方式11.effectn.影響；結(jié)果；效果→effectiveadj.有效的→effectivelyadv.有效地12.longadj.長(zhǎng)的→lengthn.長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)度→lengthenvt.&vi（使）變長(zhǎng)Ⅲ.閱讀單詞——曉其意1.droughtn.旱災(zāi)；久旱2.slidevi.&vt.（使）滑行；滑動(dòng)3.helicoptern.直升機(jī)4.crackn.裂紋；裂縫vi.&vt.（使）破裂5.brickn.磚；磚塊6.metaln.金屬7.revivevt.&vi.復(fù)活；（使）蘇醒8.unifyvi.&vt.統(tǒng)一；（使）成一體9.contextn.上下文；語(yǔ)境；背景10.volcanon.火山11.typhoonn.臺(tái)風(fēng)12.hurricanen.（尤指西大西洋的）颶風(fēng)13.tapvi.&vt.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍n.水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲14.pipen.管子；管道15.whistlevi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲vt.吹口哨n.哨子（聲）；呼嘯聲16.emergencyn.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況17.kitn.成套工具；成套設(shè)備Ⅳ.核心短語(yǔ)——明搭配1.asif似乎；好像；仿佛2.falldown跌倒；倒塌3.carryout執(zhí)行；實(shí)施；貫徹；完成4.inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪5.inshock震驚；吃驚6.digout挖掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)7.cometoanend結(jié)束；終結(jié)8.intheopenair露天；在戶外9.onhand現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）10.sweepaway消滅；徹底消除Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句式——會(huì)運(yùn)用1.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！（asif引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句）仿佛世界末日即將來(lái)臨！2.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.（bedoing...when...）我和我的三個(gè)孩子正在吃早飯，這時(shí)水開始灌入屋內(nèi)。3.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.（too...to...）雞甚至連豬都緊張得吃不下東西，狗也不愿意進(jìn)屋里去。4.Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.（thosewho...）地震剛剛過(guò)去，部隊(duì)便派出了15萬(wàn)名戰(zhàn)士奔赴唐山，將受困群眾挖出，并掩埋死者。語(yǔ)境自測(cè)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫（用本單元詞匯）1.Wesetouttogotravellingwithexcitement，butthebadweatherruined（破壞）ourtrip.2.Sinceancienttimes，storytellinghasbeenawaytoshareandpassonwisdom（智慧）.3.Whenaheavyraincausedfloodsinthearea，manyvolunteersdelivered（遞送）foodandwatertogiveahelpinghand.4.Hehashadtobury（掩藏）hispainovertheyearssoasnottomakehisparentsworried.5.Noonewasinjuredintheexplosion，butthebuildingwascompletelydestroyed.6.ItsuddenlystrikesmethatIstilloweyou20dollars.7.Hefoundahidingplaceasashelterfromtheviolentstorm.8.AlthoughRosemaryhadbeensufferingfromaseriousillnessforyears，shelostnoneofherenthusiasmforlife.9.Hearingthebadnews，hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.10.Seeingthedrowninggirl，Ijumpedintothewaterimmediately，tookhertothebankandgaveherfirstaid.11.Theelectricityandwatersupplieshavebeencutoffafterthebigearthquakeinthetown.12.Manystudentsweretrappedbysmokeandfireonanupperfloor.Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Peoplesufferedalotintheearthquake，andfoodandwaterdelivery（deliver）couldn’treachthearea，whichaddedtotheirsuffering（s）（suffer）.2.Thisdeskisthreetimesthelengthofthatone，soitislongenoughandneedn’tbelengthened.（long）3.ItwasshockingthatLiMinglostthefootballmatchyesterday，andallhisfanswerealsoinshock.Butwhatmadethemevenmoreshockedwasthathedidn’tcareaboutitatall.（shock）4.Jackseldommakesmistakesandmakesalmosteverydecisionwisely.Weallthinkheisamanfullofwisdom，butaccordingtohim，it’sallthankstoreadingwidely.（wise）5.Thenewtrafficrulewillcomeintoeffectnextyearandisexpectedtoreducetrafficjamseffectively.However，therearestillsomepeoplewhodoubtwhethertherulewillbeeffective.（effect）6.Anearthquakestruckthiscityweeksago，causinghundredsofpeople’sdeath.Peoplefromotherprovincescametoofferhelp，buryingthedeadandcomfortingthosewholosttheirhomes.Forlong，theareawascoveredwithdeadly/deadsilence.（die）7.Climbingwasindeedahardjob.Wewerebreathlesshalfwayupthemountainandhadtostop.Twohourslater，wereachedthetopandcouldn’thelptakingadeepbreathtobreatheinthefreshair?。╞reath）8.Jackisoneofthosesurvivorswho（have）survivedtheflood.Hetoldushissurvivalwasowingtothehelpfromastranger.（survive）Ⅲ.用方框內(nèi)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式完成句子cometoanendcarryoutasifsweepawayinruinsinshockonhandintheopenair1.ChinesepeopleusuallycleantheirhousebeforetheLunarNewYear，astheybelieveinthiswaythebadluckofthenextyearwillbesweptaway.2.Yearsofwarhavelefttheareainruins.3.Bothofthemwanttheirdisputetocometoanend，butneitheriswillingtogivein.4.Seeingthecityafterthequakeatthetime，shesaysshewasinshock.5.Doyouthinkitisimportanttocarryoutresearchonwhalesandotherseacreatures？6.Whethertheirweddingceremonywillbeheldintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.7.IhavesomuchworkonhandthatIdon’thavetimetogo