C語言程序設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)周玫習(xí)題答案

課后習(xí)題答案一、填空題1.匯編語言、高級語言。2..c3.stdio.h4..exe二、選擇題1.B2.C3.D4.A5.C三、簡答題1.（1）語言簡潔、緊湊，使用方便、靈活。（2）運(yùn)算符豐富。（3）數(shù)據(jù)類型豐富。（4）具有結(jié)構(gòu)化的控制語句。（5）語法限制不太嚴(yán)格，程序設(shè)計(jì)自由度大。（6）C語言允許直接訪問物理地址，能進(jìn)行位操作，能實(shí)現(xiàn)匯編語言的大部分功能，可以直接對硬件進(jìn)行操作。（7）用C語言編寫的程序可移植性好。（8）生成目標(biāo)代碼質(zhì)量高，程序執(zhí)行效率高。2.（1）有窮性：一個算法應(yīng)包含有限的操作步驟。（2）確定性：算法中的每一個步驟都應(yīng)當(dāng)是確定的，而不應(yīng)當(dāng)是含糊的、模棱兩可的。（3）有零個或多個輸入。所謂輸入是指在執(zhí)行算法是需要從外界取得必要的信息。（4）有一個或多個輸出。算法的目的是為了求解，“解”就是輸出。（5）有效性。算法中的每一個步驟都應(yīng)當(dāng)能有效地執(zhí)行，并得到確定的結(jié)果。四、編程題1.第二章習(xí)題參考答案1）C2）B3）C4)B5)A6)A7)D8）D9）C10）D11）B12）B13）2614）12415）64216）10617）118）019）920）*3.140000,3.142*課后習(xí)題答案1、#include"stdio.h"voidmain(){inta,b,c,max;printf("pleaseinputa,b,c:");scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);if(a>b)if(a>c) max=a; else max=c; elseif(b>c) max=b; else max=c;printf("max=%d\n",max);}2、#include"stdio.h"voidmain(){intn;scanf("%d",&n);if(n%2==0)printf("%d是偶數(shù)\n",n); else printf("%d是奇數(shù)\n",n);}3、#include"stdio.h"voidmain(){floatm,kg,bmi;//m表示身高，kg表示體重printf("請輸入身高和體重m,kg:");scanf("%f%f",&m,&kg);bmi=kg/(m*m);if(bmi<18)printf("bmi指數(shù)為%.1f,體型偏瘦!\n",bmi);elseif(bmi<25)printf("bmi指數(shù)為%.1f,體型正常!\n",bmi);else printf("bmi指數(shù)為%.1f,體型偏胖!\n",bmi);}4、#include"stdio.h"voidmain(){floatx,y;printf("請輸入坐標(biāo)x,y：");scanf("%f%f",&x,&y);if(x*x+y*y>2)printf("該坐標(biāo)點(diǎn)在圓外!\n"); elseif(x*x+y*y<2) printf("該坐標(biāo)點(diǎn)在圓內(nèi)!\n"); else printf("該坐標(biāo)點(diǎn)在圓上!\n");}5、#include"stdio.h"voidmain(){floattotal,d;//total表示購物金額,d表示折扣printf("請輸入購物金額:");scanf("%f",&total);if(total<500)d=1;elseif(total<1500)d=0.9;elseif(total<3000)d=0.8;elsed=0.7;total=total*d;printf("實(shí)際支出的購物金額是:%.2f\n",total);}6、#include"stdio.h"voidmain(){intyear,month,days;printf("請輸入年和月:");scanf("%d%d",&year,&month);switch(month){case1:case3:case5:case7:case8:case10:case12:days=31;break;case4:case6:case9:case11:days=30;break;case2:if(year%400==0||year%4==0&&year%100!=0)//閏年的判斷days=29;elsedays=28;}printf("%d年%d月有%d天！\n",year,month,days);}7、#include"stdio.h"voidmain(){floata,b,c;//a,b為兩個操作數(shù)，c是計(jì)算結(jié)果charch;//ch是運(yùn)算符printf("請輸入a,ch和b:");scanf("%f%c%f",&a,&ch,&b);switch(ch){case'+':c=a+b;break;case'-':c=a-b;break;case'*':c=a*b;break;case'/':c=a/b;}printf("%f%c%f=%.2f\n",a,ch,b,c);}課后習(xí)題答案一、選擇題1.A2.D3.A4.A5.C二、編程題1.2.3.4.項(xiàng)目5數(shù)組答案一、選擇題1-5.BADDC6-10.DCBDB二、填空題1.a[0][0]a[2][4]2.063.1204.5scanf("%d",&a[2]);5.666.117.string.h第六章習(xí)題參考答案1）A2）D3）D4)B5)D6)C7)B8）D9）B10）D11）B12）i13）302514）#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>floatx1,x2,disc,p,q;voidmain(){voidgreater_than_zero(float,float);voidequal_to_zero(float,float);voidsmaller_than_zero(float,float);floata,b,c;printf("inputa,b,c:");scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);printf("equation:%5.2f*x*x+%5.2f*x+%5.2f=0\n",a,b,c);disc=b*b-4*a*c;printf("root:\n");if(disc>0){greater_than_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f\t\tx2=%f\n",x1,x2);}elseif(disc==0){equal_to_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f\t\tx2=%f\n",x1,x2);}else{smaller_than_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f+%fi\tx2=%f-%fi\n",p,q,p,q);}}voidgreater_than_zero(floata,floatb){x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);}voidequal_to_zero(floata,floatb){x1=x2=(-b)/(2*a);}voidsmaller_than_zero(floata,floatb){p=-b/(2*a);q=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);}15）#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>voidmain(){charstr[80];voidinsert(char[]);printf("inputfourdigits:");scanf("%s",str);insert(str);}voidinsert(charstr[]){inti;for(i=strlen(str);i>0;i--){str[2*i]=str[i];str[2*i-1]='';}printf("output:\n%s\n",str);}課后習(xí)題答案一、填空題1.#define2.#undef3.#if/#else/#endif、#ifdef、#ifndef4.#include二、選擇題1.B2.D3.A4.D5.D三、讀程序題1.880 2.12 3.2四、編程題1.第八章習(xí)題參考答案1）C2）B3）C4)B5)A6)A7)A8）B9）C10）B11）B12）A12）D13）D14）A15）*pmax=*px16）efgh17）max(inta,intb)18）#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){voidinput(int*);voidmax_min_value(int*);voidoutput(int*);intnumber[10];input(number);max_min_value(number);output(number);}voidinput(int*number){inti;printf("input10numbers:");for(i=0;i<10;i++)scanf("%d",&number[i]);}voidmax_min_value(int*number){int*max,*min,*p,temp;max=min=number;for(p=number+1;p<number+10;p++)if(*p>*max)max=p;elseif(*p<*min)min=p;temp=number[0];number[0]=*min;*min=temp;if(max==number)max=min;temp=number[9];number[9]=*max;*max=temp;}voidoutput(int*number){int*p;printf("Now,theyare:");for(p=number;p<number+10;p++)printf("%d",*p);printf("\n");}19）#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){intlength(char*p);intlen;charstr[20];printf("inputstring:");scanf("%s",str);len=length(str);printf("Thelengthofstringis%d.\n",len);}intlength(char*p){intn;n=0;while(*p!='\0'){n++;p++;}return(n);}20）#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){voidavsco(float*,float*);voidavcour1(char(*)[10],float*);voidfali2(charcourse[5][10],intnum[],float*pscore,floataver[4]);voidgood(charcourse[5][10],intnum[4],float*pscore,floataver[4]);inti,j,*pnum,num[4];floatscore[4][5],aver[4],*pscore,*paver;charcourse[5][10],(*pcourse)[10];printf("inputcourse:\n");pcourse=course;for(i=0;i<5;i++)scanf("%s",course[i]);printf("inputNO.andscores:\n");printf("NO.");for(i=0;i<5;i++)printf(",%s",course[i]);printf("\n");pscore=&score[0][0];pnum=&num[0];for(i=0;i<4;i++){scanf("%d",pnum+i);for(j=0;j<5;j++)scanf("%f",pscore+5*i+j);}paver=&aver[0];printf("\n\n");avsco(pscore,paver);//求出每個學(xué)生的平均成績avcour1(pcourse,pscore);//求出第一門課的平均成績printf("\n\n");fali2(pcourse,pnum,pscore,paver);//找出2門課不及格的學(xué)生printf("\n\n");good(pcourse,pnum,pscore,paver);//找出成績好的學(xué)生}voidavsco(float*pscore,float*paver)//求每個學(xué)生的平均成績的函數(shù){inti,j;floatsum,average;for(i=0;i<4;i++){sum=0.0;for(j=0;j<5;j++)sum=sum+(*(pscore+5*i+j));//累計(jì)每個學(xué)生的各科成績average=sum/5;//計(jì)算平均成績*(paver+i)=average;}}voidavcour1(char(*pcourse)[10],float*pscore)//求第一課程的平均成績的函數(shù){inti;floatsum,average1;sum=0.0;for(i=0;i<4;i++)sum=sum+(*(pscore+5*i));//累計(jì)每個學(xué)生的得分average1=sum/4;//計(jì)算平均成績printf("course1:%saveragescore:%7.2f\n",*pcourse,average1);}voidfali2(charcourse[5][10],intnum[],float*pscore,floataver[4])//找兩門以上課程不及格的學(xué)生的函數(shù){inti,j,k,labe1;printf("==========Studentwhoisfailintwocourses=======\n");printf("NO.");for(i=0;i<5;i++)printf("%11s",course[i]);printf("average\n");for(i=0;i<4;i++){labe1=0;for(j=0;j<5;j++)if(*(pscore+5*i+j)<60.0)labe1++;if(labe1>=2){printf("%d",num[i]);for(k=0;k<5;k++)printf("%11.