《單片機技術與應用》 課件 項目一 智能車間指示系統(tǒng)設計與制作任務4

任務4流水指示燈設計與制作單片機技術與應用項目一智能車間指示系統(tǒng)設計與制作任務4流水指示燈設計與制作【基礎任務要求】利用數(shù)組實現(xiàn)8個LED發(fā)光二極管從右至左依次點亮、8個LED全亮、8個LED全滅的效果。任務4流水指示燈設計與制作任務實現(xiàn)四步驟繪制控制電路圖搭接硬件電路硬件設計調試控制電路調試控制程序軟硬件調試仿真運行在單片機開發(fā)板上運行仿真運行繪制流程圖用數(shù)組和循環(huán)語句編程實現(xiàn)流水燈控制軟件設計01020304重點、難點難點STC89C52單片機時鐘電路復位電路電源電路發(fā)光二極管電路系統(tǒng)框圖任務4流水指示燈設計與制作任務名:流水指示燈設計與制作元件名稱圖片型號數(shù)量Proteus中的名稱單片機芯片AT89C511AT89C51晶振12MHZ1CRYSTAL電容22pF2CAP電解電容22μf/16V1CAP-ELEC電阻1KΩ1RES電阻50Ω8RES發(fā)光二極管8LED-RED元器件選型硬件電路圖任務4流水指示燈設計與制作硬件設計-繪電路細致規(guī)范嚴謹小錦囊電路繪制規(guī)范：用統(tǒng)一規(guī)定的元件符號盡量避免導線的交叉導線要求橫平豎直設置元器件參數(shù)元件放在編輯區(qū)內軟件設計如何用數(shù)組編程實現(xiàn)8個發(fā)光二極管從右至左點依次點亮、全亮、全滅效果？1重點、難點控制程序設計10P3.0000000P3.1P3.2P3.3P3.4P3.5P3.6P3.70100000000100000000100000000100000000100000000100000000111111111000000000x010x020x040x080x100x200x400x800xff0x00一、數(shù)組定義數(shù)組：是數(shù)目固定、數(shù)據(jù)類型相同的若干個變量的有序集合。unsignedcharled[10]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};數(shù)據(jù)類型數(shù)組名數(shù)組長度數(shù)組元素知識鏈接數(shù)組必須先定義、后使用。數(shù)據(jù)類型數(shù)組名[常量表達式][，數(shù)組名2[常量表達式2]……]；

(1)”數(shù)據(jù)類型”是指數(shù)組元素的數(shù)據(jù)類型。(2)數(shù)組名，必須遵循標識符命名規(guī)則；存放的是一個地址常量，它代表整個數(shù)組的首地址。(3)“常量表達式”可以是常數(shù)和符號常量、不能包含變量，其值指數(shù)組元素個數(shù)(又稱數(shù)組長度)。例如：unsignedcharled[8];intscores[16];#definestudent16unsignedintk;unsignedcharled[k];intscores[student];Χ√#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;

while(1)

{for(i=0;i<10;i++){P3=led[i];delay(1000);}

}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//函數(shù)定義{unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}二、數(shù)組初始化給數(shù)組中的元素賦值，叫做數(shù)組初始化。數(shù)組初始化數(shù)組定義時初始化賦值語句初始化unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};定義數(shù)組初始化unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};led[0]led[1]led[2]led[3]led[4]led[5]led[6]led[7]led[8]led[9]數(shù)據(jù)類型數(shù)組名[常量表達式]＝{初值表}；unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};unsignedcharled[10];led[0]=0x01；led[1]=0x02；led[2]=0x04；led[3]=0x08；led[4]=0x10；led[5]=0x20；led[6]=0x40；led[7]=0x80；led[8]=0xff；led[9]=0x00；允許只給部分元素賦初值。例如：intscore[5]={75,80,85,90};

intscore[5];score[0]=75；score[1]=80；score[2]=85；score[3]=90；score[4]=0；三、一維數(shù)組元素的引用0x010x020x040x080x100x200x400x800xff0x0000000001000000100000010000001000000100000010000001000000100000001111111100000000unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};每一個數(shù)組元素都用數(shù)組名和唯一的下標來表示。

數(shù)組名[下標]數(shù)組元素下標從0開始到(元素個數(shù)-1)使用循環(huán)程序處理數(shù)組0x010x020x040x080x100x200x400x800xff0x00led[0]led[1]led[2]led[3]led[4]led[5]led[6]led[7]led[8]led[9]存儲器ledled+1led+2led+3led+4led+5led+6led+7led+8led+9細致三、一維數(shù)組元素的引用unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};定義數(shù)組數(shù)組初始化unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};led[0]led[1]led[2]led[3]led[4]led[5]led[6]led[7]led[8]led[9]使用循環(huán)程序處理數(shù)組三、一維數(shù)組元素的引用四、循環(huán)結構1、for語句1、for語句for(循環(huán)變量賦初值；循環(huán)條件；循環(huán)變量增值)表達式可以部分或全部缺省，但其間的分號不能省略{循環(huán)體；}僅有1條語句，可省略大括號#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){for(i=0;i<10;i++)

{P3=led[i];delay(1000);

}}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//延時函數(shù){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}for語句中的三個表達式都是可選項，可以省略，但必須保留“；”#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){

i=0;

for(;i<10;i++)

{P3=led[i];delay(1000);

}}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//延時函數(shù){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){

i=0;

for(;i<10;)

{P3=led[i];delay(1000);i++;

}}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//延時函數(shù){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}2.while語句while(循環(huán)條件){循環(huán)體;}while語句-先判斷后執(zhí)行特點：當表達式的值一開始就為假時，循環(huán)體一次也不會執(zhí)行。有言在先#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){i=0;while(i<10)

{P3=led[i];delay(1000);i++;

}}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//延時函數(shù){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}3.do-while語句do{

循環(huán)體；}while(循環(huán)條件);分號不能缺先斬后奏do-while語句-先執(zhí)行后判斷特點：循環(huán)體至少會被執(zhí)行一遍。3.do-while語句#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){i=0;

do{P3=led[i];delay(100