空氣調(diào)節(jié)課程設(shè)計說明書

目錄TOC\o"1-3"\u第一章工程概述與設(shè)計依據(jù)11.1工程概述11.2設(shè)計依據(jù)11.2.1圍護結(jié)構(gòu)熱工指標11.2.2室外設(shè)計參數(shù)11.2.3室內(nèi)設(shè)計參數(shù)1第二章負荷計算22.1夏季冷負荷的計算22.1.1夏季冷負荷的組成2空調(diào)冷負荷計算方法22.2濕負荷的計算42.2.1濕負荷的組成42.2.2濕負荷的計算方法42.3負荷計算過程42.4各房間負荷匯總12第三章空調(diào)方案確實定163.1空調(diào)系統(tǒng)確實定163.1.1風機盤管加新風方式確實定163.2空氣處理過程設(shè)計163.2.1風機盤管加獨立新風系統(tǒng)設(shè)計163.2.2風量和氣流組織計算173.3風機盤管的選型163.4冬季熱負荷的校核20第四章風系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計214.1氣流組織設(shè)計214.1.1風機盤管加新風方式系統(tǒng)214.2風管設(shè)計234.2.1風道水力計算234.2.2風機盤管加新風系統(tǒng)新風管道水力計算244.3新風機組選型25第五章水系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計265.1水系統(tǒng)方案確實定265.2水管及水力計算265.3最不利管路水力計算27工程概述與設(shè)計依據(jù)1.1工程概述本工程為某辦公大樓空調(diào)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計，位于南昌市.。1.2設(shè)計依據(jù)圍護結(jié)構(gòu)熱工指標查書附錄得:外墻：選用磚墻，內(nèi)外粉刷，δ=240mm，K=1.95W/m2K，衰減系數(shù)β=0.35，延遲時間ε=8.5內(nèi)墻：選用磚墻，δ=120mm，K=2.37W/m2K，β=0.59，ε=5.2h，γf=1.8屋面：保溫屋面，二氈三油綠豆砂+水泥砂漿+水泥膨脹珍珠巖70mm+石油瀝青隔氣層+鋼筋混凝土板+白灰.K=1.10W/m2K，衰減系數(shù)β=0.52，延遲時間ε=5.9h；外窗：單層玻璃鋼窗，玻璃采用5mm普通玻璃，窗高1.8m，內(nèi)遮陽材料為灰白色活動鋁百葉簾，無外遮陽。K=4.54W/m2K.樓板：面層20+鋼筋混凝土樓板80+粉刷25，K=3.13W/m2K，γf=1.5，β=0.64，ε=4.1h；查書表2-8得房間類型：房間類型為中型。室外設(shè)計參數(shù)南昌市室外設(shè)計參數(shù)表1-1夏季大氣壓力999.1Pa空調(diào)室外計算〔干球〕溫度35.6空調(diào)室外〔濕球〕溫度27.9通風室外計算〔干球〕溫度33空調(diào)室外日平均干球溫度32.1日平均較差7.0室外平均風速2.7m/s室內(nèi)設(shè)計參數(shù)夏季空調(diào)設(shè)計溫度：26±1℃第二章負荷計算空調(diào)房間冷〔熱〕、濕負荷是確定空調(diào)系統(tǒng)送風量和空調(diào)設(shè)備容量的根本依據(jù)。在室內(nèi)外熱、濕擾量作用下，某一時刻進入一個恒溫恒濕房間內(nèi)的總熱量和濕量稱為在該時刻的得熱量和得濕量。當?shù)脽崃繛樨撝禃r稱為耗〔失〕熱量。在某一時刻為保持房間恒溫恒濕，需向房間供給的冷量稱為冷負荷；相反，為補償房間失熱而需向房間供給的熱量稱為熱負荷；為維持室內(nèi)相對濕度所需由房間除去或增加的濕量稱為濕負荷。2.1夏季冷負荷的計算夏季冷負荷的組成夏季空調(diào)房間的冷負荷主要有以下組成：1)通過圍護結(jié)構(gòu)傳入室內(nèi)的熱量2〕通過外窗進入室內(nèi)的太陽輻射熱量3〕人體散熱量4〕照明散熱量5〕設(shè)備散熱量6〕伴隨人體散濕過程產(chǎn)生的潛熱量空調(diào)冷負荷計算方法1.外墻和屋面冷負荷〔2-1〕式中—計算面積，m2；—傳熱系數(shù)，W/(m2·℃)；—計算時刻，h；圍護結(jié)構(gòu)外表受到周期為24h諧性溫度波作用，溫度波傳到內(nèi)外表的時間延遲，h；—溫度波的作用時間，即溫度波作用于圍護結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)外表的時間，h；—作用時刻下，圍護結(jié)構(gòu)的冷負荷計算溫差，簡稱負荷溫差，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得。2.外窗冷負荷外窗的冷負荷包括兩個局部，即窗戶瞬變傳導得熱形成的冷負荷和窗戶日射得熱形成的冷負荷。1〕窗戶瞬變傳導得熱形成的冷負荷CLQτ=KFΔtτ〔2-2〕式中Δtτ—計算時刻的負荷溫差，℃，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得；K—傳熱系數(shù)，W/(m2·℃)；—計算面積，m2。2〕窗戶日射得熱形成的冷負荷CLQτ=xgxdCnCsFJj·τ〔2-3〕式中—窗的有效面積系數(shù)；單層鋼窗0.85，雙層鋼窗0.75；—地點修正系數(shù)，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得；Cn—窗內(nèi)遮陽設(shè)施的遮陽系數(shù)，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得；Cs—窗玻璃的遮擋系數(shù)，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得；Jj·τ—計算時刻時，透過單位窗口面積的太陽總輻射熱形成的冷負荷，簡稱負荷強度，W/m2，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得。3.內(nèi)圍護結(jié)構(gòu)冷負荷1〕當鄰室為通風良好的非空調(diào)房間時，通過內(nèi)墻和樓板的溫差傳熱負荷，可按式〔2-1〕計算。此時負荷溫差應(yīng)按《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》相應(yīng)表中“零”朝向的數(shù)據(jù)采用。2〕當鄰室為空調(diào)房間時，室溫均相同，可不用計算4.地面冷負荷查舒適性空調(diào)，地面?zhèn)鳠峥珊雎圆挥嫛?.室內(nèi)熱源散熱形成的冷負荷設(shè)備、照明和人體散熱得熱形成的冷負荷，在工程上可用下式簡化計算。1〕設(shè)備冷負荷CLQτ=JEτ-TQ〔2-4〕式中Q—設(shè)備得熱，W；T—設(shè)備投入使用時刻，h；Eτ-T—時間內(nèi)的設(shè)備負荷強度系數(shù)，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得。2〕照明冷負荷CLQτ=JLτ-TQ〔2-5〕式中Q—照明得熱，W；T—開燈時刻，h；Lτ-T—時間內(nèi)的照明負荷強度系數(shù)，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得。3〕人體冷負荷人體冷負荷包括人體顯熱冷負荷和人體潛熱冷負荷。ⅰ.人體顯熱冷負荷CLQτ=JPτ-TQ〔2-6〕式中Q—人體得熱，W；T—人員進入房間時刻，h；Pτ-T—時間內(nèi)的人體負荷強度系數(shù)，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得。ⅱ.人體潛熱冷負荷〔2-7〕式中—不同室溫和勞動性質(zhì)時成年男子散熱量，W，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得；—室內(nèi)全部人數(shù)；—群集系數(shù)，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得。2.2濕負荷的計算濕負荷的組成空調(diào)房間的濕負荷有以下組成：1〕人體散濕量；濕負荷的計算方法本次設(shè)計濕負荷主要考慮的是人體散濕量。人體濕負荷Wr〔kg/h〕可按下式計算：〔2-8〕式中—計算時刻空調(diào)房間內(nèi)的總?cè)藬?shù)；—群體系數(shù)，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得；—一名成年男子的每小時散濕量，g/h，可通過《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》查得。成年男子散熱散濕量109g/(h·人)2.3負荷計算過程2.3.1屋面?zhèn)鳠崂湄摵?由附錄2-9中查得K=1.10,衰減系數(shù)β=0.52,延遲時間ε=5.9h.從附錄2-11查得擾量作用時刻時的南昌市屋頂負荷溫差的逐時值,按式(2-1)算出屋頂?shù)闹饡r冷負荷.屋面?zhèn)鳠崂湄摵捎嬎惚肀?-1時刻tKW/(m2?K)F〔m2〕(K)(W)8:001.1022.329220.979:001.1022.328196.4210:001.1022.329220.9711:001.1022.3210245.5212:001.1022.3212294.6313:001.1022.3214343.7314:001.1022.3217417.3915:001.1022.3219466.4916:001.1022.3222540.1517:001.1022.3224589.252.3.2南外墻傳熱冷負荷：由附錄2-9中查得K=1.95,衰減系數(shù)β=0.35,延遲時間ε=8.5h.從附錄2-10查得擾量作用時刻時的南昌市南向外墻負荷溫差的逐時值,按式(2-1)算出南外墻的逐時冷負荷.南外墻傳熱冷負荷計算表表2-2計算時刻tKW/(m2.K)F(m2)〔K〕(W)8:001.957.568117.949:001.957.567.5110.5710:001.957.567103.2011:001.957.567103.2012:001.957.567103.2013:001.957.567103.2014:001.957.567103.2015:001.957.567.5110.5716:001.957.568117.9417:001.957.568.5125.312.3.3南外窗冷負荷1)瞬變傳熱得熱形成冷負荷:由附錄2-12中查得各計算時刻的負荷溫差,按式(2-2)計算得出.南外窗瞬時傳熱冷負荷計算表表2-3時刻tKW/(m2..K)F(m2)(K)〔W〕8:004.543.244.261.789:004.543.245.073.5510:004.543.246.088.2611:004.543.246.8100.0312:004.543.247.6111.8013:004.543.248.2120.6214:004.543.248.7127.9715:004.543.249.0132.3916:004.543.249.1133.8617:004.543.248.9130.922)日射得熱形成冷負荷：由附錄2-13中查得各計算時刻的負荷強度,窗面積3.24m2,按式(2-3)計算得出南外窗日射得熱形成冷負荷.南外窗日射冷負荷計算表表2-4時刻tF(m2)(W/m2)(W)8:003.240.850.870.930.603850.809:003.240.850.870.930.605269.5210:003.240.850.870.930.6076101.6111:003.240.850.870.930.6099132.3612:003.240.850.870.930.60114152.4113:003.240.850.870.930.60114152.4114:003.240.850.870.930.60100133.7015:003.240.850.870.930.6081108.2916:003.240.850.870.930.606992.2517:003.240.850.870.930.605370.862.3.4北外墻傳熱冷負荷:由附錄2-9中查得K=1.95,衰減系數(shù)β=0.35,延遲時間ε=8.5h.從附錄2-10查得擾量作用時刻時的南昌市北向外墻負荷溫差的逐時值,按式(2-1)算出南外墻的逐時冷負荷.北外墻傳熱冷負荷計算表表2-5時刻tKW/(m2..K)F(m2)〔K〕(W)8:001.957.567.5110.579:001.957.567103.2010:001.957.567103.2011:001.957.567103.2012:001.957.567103.2013:001.957.567103.2014:001.957.567103.2015:001.957.567.5110.5716:001.957.568117.9417:001.957.568117.942.3.5北外窗冷負荷1)瞬變傳熱得熱形成冷負荷:由附錄2-12中查得各計算時刻的負荷溫差,按式(2-2)計算得出.北外窗瞬時傳熱冷負荷計算表表2-6時刻tKW/(m2..K)F(m2)(K)〔W〕8:004.543.244.261.789:004.543.245.073.5510:004.543.246.088.2611:004.543.246.8100.0312:004.543.247.6111.8013:004.543.248.2120.6214:004.543.248.7127.9715:004.543.249.0132.3916:004.543.249.1133.8617:004.543.248.9130.922)日射得熱形成冷負荷：由附錄2-13中查得各計算時刻的負荷強度,窗面積3.24m北外窗日射冷負荷計算表表2-7時刻tF(m2)(W/m2)(W)8:003.240.851.000.930.604873.769:003.240.851.000.930.605686.0610:003.240.851.000.930.6066101.4311:003.240.851.000.930.6073112.1812:003.240.851.000.930.6078119.8713:003.240.851.000.930.6079121.4014:003.240.851.000.930.6077118.3315:003.240.851.000.930.6071109.1116:003.240.851.000.930.606498.3517:003.240.851.000.930.6067102.962.3.6西外墻傳熱冷負荷:由附錄2-9中查得K=1.95,衰減系數(shù)β=0.35,延遲時間ε=8.5h.從附錄2-10查得擾量作用時刻時的南昌市西向外墻負荷溫差的逐時值,按式(2-1)算出西外墻的逐時冷負荷.西外墻傳熱冷負荷計算表表2-8計算時刻tKW/(m2.K)F(m2)〔K〕(W)8:001.9517.9611385.249:001.9517.9610.5367.7310:001.9517.969.5332.7111:001.9517.969315.2012:001.9517.969315.2013:001.9517.969315.2014:001.9517.969315.2015:001.9517.969315.2016:001.9517.969315.2017:001.9517.969.5332.712.3.7西外窗1)瞬變傳熱得熱形成冷負荷:由附錄2-12中查得各計算時刻的負荷溫差,按式(2-2)計算得出.西外窗瞬時傳熱冷負荷計算表表2-9時刻tKW/(m2..K)F(m2)(K)〔W〕8:004.540.644.212.209:004.540.645.014.5310:004.540.646.017.4311:004.540.646.819.7612:004.540.647.622.0813:004.540.648.223.8314:004.540.648.725.2815:004.540.649.026.1516:004.540.649.126.4417:004.540.648.925.862)日射得熱形成冷負荷：由附錄2-13中查得各計算時刻的負荷強度,按式(2-3)計算得出西外窗日射得熱形成冷負荷.西外窗日射冷負荷計算表表2-10時刻tF(m2)(W/m2)(W)8:000.640.851.060.930.604514.489:000.640.851.060.930.605718.3410:000.640.851.060.930.606721.5611:000.640.851.060.930.607423.8112:000.640.851.060.930.607925.4213:000.640.851.060.930.6012941.5114:000.640.851.060.930.6022371.7515:000.640.851.060.930.6030297.1716:000.640.851.060.930.60343110.3717:000.640.851.060.930.60331106.50非圍護結(jié)構(gòu)東內(nèi)墻傳熱冷負荷當鄰室為通風良好的非空調(diào)房間時，通過內(nèi)墻和樓板的溫差傳熱負荷，可按式〔2-1〕計算。此時負荷溫差應(yīng)按《空氣調(diào)節(jié)》相應(yīng)表中“零”朝向的數(shù)據(jù)采用。內(nèi)墻冷負荷表2-11計算時刻8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00Δtx-τ65.555555555.5K2.37F18.6CLQτ264.49242.45220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41242.452.3.9設(shè)備散熱冷負荷:查附錄2-14.設(shè)備連續(xù)工作時間17-8=9h,設(shè)備散熱按20W/m2計算,辦公室面積F=22.32設(shè)備散熱冷負荷計算表表2-12時間tQ(W)(W)8:00000.009:00446.400.58258.9110:00446.400.77343.7311:00446.400.81361.5812:00446.400.84374.9813:00446.400.87388.3714:00446.400.89397.3015:00446.400.9401.7616:00446.400.92410.6917:00446.400.37165.172.3.10照明設(shè)備冷負荷:辦公室按2支40W(包括鎮(zhèn)流器)熒光燈計算,查附錄2-15,連續(xù)開燈時間17-8=9h,計算出照明設(shè)備冷負荷.照明設(shè)備冷負荷計算表表2-13時間tn1n2N〔kW〕(W)8:001.20.68000.009:001.20.6800.4324.7710:001.20.6800.6336.2911:001.20.6800.740.3212:001.20.6800.7543.2013:001.20.6800.7945.5114:001.20.6800.8347.8115:001.20.6800.8548.9616:001.20.6800.8850.6917:001.20.6800.4928.232.3.11人體散熱冷負荷:辦公室按有5人計算,查表2-18得成年男子散熱散濕量:顯熱61W/人,潛熱73W/人,散濕量109g/(h·人).查附表2-16,連續(xù)工作時間8h.人體散熱冷負荷計算表表2-14時間tn(W)8:0050.9361009:0050.93610.53515.3410:0050.93610.71566.3911:0050.93610.77583.4112:0050.93610.81594.7613:0050.93610.84603.2714:0050.93610.86608.9415:0050.93610.89617.4516:0050.93610.9620.2917:0050.93610.41481.302.4各房間負荷匯總2.4.1109辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總表2-15109辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總(單位:W)時刻t08:0009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00屋面?zhèn)鳠嶝摵?20.97196.42220.97245.52294.63343.73417.39466.49540.15589.25南外墻傳熱負荷117.94110.57103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20110.57117.94125.31南外窗傳熱負荷61.7873.5588.26100.03111.8120.62127.97132.39133.86130.92南外窗日射負荷50.8069.52101.61132.36152.41152.41133.7108.2992.2570.86西墻傳熱負荷385.24367.73332.71315.20315.20315.20315.20315.20315.20332.71西窗傳熱負荷12.2014.5317.4319.7622.0822.8325.2826.1526.4425.86西窗日射負荷14.4818.3421.5623.8125.4241.5171.7597.17110.37106.50照明散熱負荷0.0024.7736.2940.3243.245.5147.8148.9650.6928.23設(shè)備散熱負荷0.00258.91343.73361.58374.98388.37397.30401.76410.69165.17人體散熱負荷0.00515.34566.39583.41594.76603.27608.94617.45620.29481.3總計863.411660.991847.311941.632054.972154.582266.92343.432437.092064.862.4.2110辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總表2-16110辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總(單位:W)時刻t08:0009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00屋面?zhèn)鳠嶝摵?20.97196.42220.97245.52294.63343.73417.39466.49540.15589.25北外墻傳熱負荷110.57103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20110.57117.94117.94北外窗傳熱負荷61.7873.5588.26100.03111.8120.62127.97132.39133.86130.92北外窗日射負荷73.7686.06101.43112.18119.87121.4118.33109.1198.35102.96西墻傳熱負荷385.24367.73332.71315.20315.20315.20315.20315.20315.20332.71西窗傳熱負荷12.2014.5317.4319.7622.0822.8325.2826.1526.4425.86西窗日射負荷14.4818.3421.5623.8125.4241.5171.7597.17110.37106.50照明散熱負荷0.0024.7736.2940.3243.2045.5147.8148.9650.6928.23設(shè)備散熱負荷0.00258.91343.73361.58374.98388.37397.30401.76410.69165.17人體散熱負荷0.00515.34566.39583.41594.76603.27608.94617.45620.29481.3總計879.001670.161847.131921.452022.432123.572251.532344.252443.192089.592.4.3103/105/107辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總表2-17103/105/107辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總(單位:W)時刻t08:0009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00屋面?zhèn)鳠嶝摵?20.97196.42220.97245.52294.63343.73417.39466.49540.15589.25南外墻傳熱負荷117.94110.57103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20110.57117.94125.31南外窗傳熱負荷61.7873.5588.26100.03111.80120.62127.97132.39133.86130.92南外窗日射負荷50.8069.52101.61132.36152.41152.41133.70108.2992.2570.86照明散熱負荷0.0024.7736.2940.3243.2045.5147.8148.9650.6928.23設(shè)備散熱負荷0.00258.91343.73361.58374.98388.37397.30401.76410.69165.17人體散熱負荷0.00515.34566.39583.41594.76603.27608.94617.45620.29481.3總計451.491260.391475.611582.861692.271775.041854.671904.911985.081599.792.4.4104/106/108辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總表2-18104/106/108辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總(單位:W)時刻t08:0009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00屋面?zhèn)鳠嶝摵?20.97196.42220.97245.52294.63343.73417.39466.49540.15589.25北外墻傳熱負荷110.57103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20110.57117.94117.94北外窗傳熱負荷61.7873.5588.26100.03111.8120.62127.97132.39133.86130.92北外窗日射負荷73.7686.06101.43112.18119.87121.40118.33109.1198.35102.96照明散熱負荷0.0024.7736.2940.3243.2045.5147.8148.9650.6928.23設(shè)備散熱負荷0.00258.91343.73361.58374.98388.37397.3401.76410.69165.17人體散熱負荷0.00515.34566.39583.41594.76603.27608.94617.45620.29481.3總計467.081269.561475.431562.681659.731744.031839.301905.731991.181624.522.4.5101辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總表2-19101辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總(單位:W)時刻t08:0009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00屋面?zhèn)鳠嶝摵?20.97196.42220.97245.52294.63343.73417.39466.49540.15589.25南外墻傳熱負荷117.94110.57103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20110.57117.94125.31南外窗傳熱負荷61.7873.5588.26100.03111.80120.62127.97132.39133.86130.92南外窗日射負荷50.8069.52101.61132.36152.41152.41133.70108.2992.2570.86內(nèi)墻傳熱負荷264.49242.45220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41242.45照明散熱負荷0.0024.7736.2940.3243.2045.5147.8148.9650.6928.23設(shè)備散熱負荷0.00258.91343.73361.58374.98388.37397.30401.76410.69165.17人體散熱負荷0.00515.34566.39583.41594.76603.27608.94617.45620.29481.3總計715.981502.841696.021803.271912.681995.452075.082125.322205.491842.242.4.6102辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總表2-20102辦公室夏季負荷計算匯總(單位:W)時刻t08:0009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00屋面?zhèn)鳠嶝摵?20.97196.42220.97245.52294.63343.73417.39466.49540.15589.25北外墻傳熱負荷110.57103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20103.20110.57117.94117.94北外窗傳熱負荷61.7873.5588.26100.03111.80120.62127.97132.39133.86130.92北外窗日射負荷73.7686.06101.43112.18119.87121.40118.33109.1198.35102.96內(nèi)墻傳熱負荷264.49242.45220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41220.41242.45照明散熱負荷0.0024.7736.2940.3243.2045.5147.8148.9650.6928.23設(shè)備散熱負荷0.00258.91343.73361.58374.98388.37397.30401.76410.69165.17人體散熱負荷0.00515.34566.39583.41594.76603.27608.94617.45620.29481.3總計731.571512.011695.841783.091880.141964.442059.712126.142211.591866.972.4.7夏季冷負荷計算匯總表2-21各房間負荷計算匯總(單位:W)時刻t08:0009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00101715.981502.841696.021803.271912.681995.452075.082125.322205.491842.24102731.571512.011695.841783.091880.141964.442059.712126.142211.591866.97103/105/107451.491249.081460.451566.421674.981757.111836.311885.911965.871591.04104/106/108467.081258.251460.271546.241642.441726.101820.941886.731971.971615.77109863.411649.681832.151925.192037.682136.652248.542324.432417.882056.11110879.001658.851831.971905.012005.142105.642233.172325.252423.982080.84第三章空調(diào)方案確實定3.1空調(diào)系統(tǒng)確實定風機盤管加新風方式確實定辦公室等小空間人員集中程度大，各房間的負荷根據(jù)運行時間不一致，且各自有不同要求，因而采用風機盤管加新風系統(tǒng)。風機盤管直接放置在各個空調(diào)房間內(nèi)，對室內(nèi)回風進行處理；新風那么由新風機組集中處理后通過新風管道送入室內(nèi)與回風混合。新風機組每層放置一臺在空調(diào)機房內(nèi)，制冷機組放置在屋頂。風機盤管加新風系統(tǒng)的冷量或熱量是由空氣和水共同承當，所以屬于空氣-水系統(tǒng)。其優(yōu)點如下：1〕布置靈活，節(jié)能效果好，各房間能根據(jù)室內(nèi)負荷情況單獨調(diào)節(jié)溫濕度，房間不使用時可以關(guān)掉機組，不影響其他房間的使用；2〕各空調(diào)房間互不相通，不會相互污染；3〕只需要新風機房，機房面積小，風機盤管可以安裝在空調(diào)房間內(nèi)；4〕與集中式空調(diào)相比，不需要回風管道，節(jié)省建筑空間；5〕節(jié)省運行費用；6〕使用壽命長。3.2空氣處理過程設(shè)計風機盤管加獨立新風系統(tǒng)設(shè)計房間根本情況空調(diào)房間要求恒溫精度為26±1℃，房間的長、寬和高分別為：A=6.2m，B=3.6m，H=3m，房間內(nèi)人數(shù)5，室內(nèi)的冷負荷Q=2423.98W，濕負荷夏季房間最大冷負荷及濕負荷總匯表表3-1房間101102103/105/107104/106/108109110冷負荷W2205.492211.591965.871971.972417.882423.98濕負荷g/h506.85506.85506.85506.85506.85506.85風量和氣流組織計算以110室為例進行風量與氣流組織計算一、夏季送風狀態(tài)點和送風量1.計算熱濕比線2.夏季送風狀態(tài)點和送風量確實定考慮到衛(wèi)生和能效，選擇處理后的新風和風機盤管處理過的空氣混合后送入室內(nèi)的方案。新風處理到室內(nèi)空氣焓值，不承當室內(nèi)負荷，并且新風進入風機盤管。圖4.1新風進入風機盤管不承當室內(nèi)負荷方案由圖可得：hN=56.08kJ/kg，tN=26℃；ho=45.20kJ/kg，to=17℃。ΔtN=9℃3.送風狀態(tài)點室內(nèi)外參數(shù)tN=26℃，=55%，tW=35.6℃，tWs=27.9℃，查得iN=56.08kJ/kg，iw=89.64kJ/kg，由iN=56.08kJ/kg，=90%確定點L1，tL1=20.6℃，iL在i-d圖中，過N點作ε線與=90%相交，即得送風狀態(tài)點O，to=17℃，io=45.20kJ/kg，送風溫差=26-17=9℃?？傦L量G=Q/(iN-io〕=0.22kg/s=660m4.用換氣次數(shù)校核換氣次數(shù)定義為房間通風量L(m3/h)和房間體積V(m3)的比值，即n=L/V〔3-2〕那么110辦公室換氣次數(shù)n=660/(3.6×6.2×3.0)=10＞5次/h，所以符合換氣次數(shù)要求。5.新風量確實定由總風量的10%得新風量，Gw=G×10%=660×10%=66m3人需風量：新風量按每人每小時30m3計算，房間人數(shù)為n=5人，那么每小時向辦公室房間供給的新風量Gw=G×n=30×5=150m3比擬可得150m3/h>66m3/h，所以新風量LW=150m6.新風負荷〔3-3〕式中Gw—新風量，kg/siw，iL—室外新風點以及新風處理后點的焓值，kJ/kg那么110辦公室的新風負荷為Qw=0.05×1000×(89.64-56.08)=1678W7.風機盤管風量〔3-4〕式中G—總送風量，kg/s；GW—新風量，kg/s那么風機盤管風量為GF=0.22-0.05=0.17kg/s=8.風機盤管冷量連接點L1及點O并延長至L2點，使/(Gw/GF),那么iL2=io-(iL1-io〕GW/GF=45.20-(56.08-45.20)×150/510=42kJ/kg那么風機盤管冷量QF=GF〔iN-iL2〕〔3-5〕QF=GF〔iN-iL2〕=0.17×1000〔56.08-42〕=2393.6W各房間亦如上計算，匯總?cè)缦拢罕?-2房間號總風量G〔m3/h〕新風量Gw〔m3/h〕風機盤管風量GF〔m3/h〕風機盤管冷量QF〔W〕新風負荷Qw〔W〕101辦公室6301504802318.41678102辦公室6001504502206.51678103辦公室5101503601927.21678104辦公室51015036019261678105辦公室5101503601927.21678106辦公室51015036019261678107辦公室5101503601927.21678108辦公室51015036019261678109辦公室6601505102393.61678110辦公室6601505102393.616783.3風機盤管的選型根據(jù)風機盤管風量以及所承當?shù)睦淞繉︼L機盤管進行選型。選用上海北極空調(diào)暖通設(shè)備廠生產(chǎn)的臥式暗裝風機盤管，型號及性能參數(shù)如下表所列〔進出水溫差5℃風機盤管性能參數(shù)表3-3房間號型號風量(m3/h)冷量(w)熱量(w)水阻力(kpa)水量(L/S)噪音dB(A)臺數(shù)101辦公室FP-7575035505820250.233401102辦公室FP-7575035505820250.233401103辦公室FP-555502650434512.50.167371104辦公室FP-555502650434512.50.167371105辦公室FP-555502650434512.50.167371106辦公室FP-555502650434512.50.167371107辦公室FP-555502650434512.50.167371108辦公室FP-555502650434512.50.167371109辦公室FP-7575035505820250.233401110辦公室FP-7575035505820250.2334013.4冬季熱負荷的校核冬季只需要校核風機盤管提供的熱量是否滿足房間要求即可。經(jīng)校核，風機盤管所提供的熱量遠大于夏季空調(diào)冷量，而夏季冷負荷與冬季熱負荷相差不大，因此均能滿足房間要求。第四章風系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計4.1氣流組織設(shè)計4.1.1以110辦公室為例：選定送風口型式為可調(diào)式雙層百葉型送風口，查表5-2，其,,紊流系數(shù)α=0.16，風口尺寸定為0.320.20(mm),有效面積系數(shù)為0.8,=0.05m2.設(shè)定為水平貼附射流,風口布置在房間寬度方向上，射流長度x=6.2-0.5+(3.0-2-0.2)=6.5m(取工作區(qū)高度2m,風口中心距頂棚0.2m,離墻0.5m為不保證區(qū)試選用一個風口,射流的=10.8利用各修正系數(shù)圖求、、。按，查圖5-13曲線1得=0.94，即射流受限。由于不屬垂直射流，因此不考慮。選定送風溫差計算送風量L并校核換氣次數(shù)n。由表2—20選定送風溫差=9℃Q=2423.983.6=8726.33次/h換氣次數(shù)11.9次/h>5次/h，滿足要求。6.確定送風速度按手冊式(25.2-4)確定送風速度:按手冊式(25.2-5)計算射流自由度:7.檢查：所以=0.119=0.99℃≤1℃.8.校核貼附長度面積當量直徑為計算Ar為：從手冊圖25.2-2查得x/do=28，那么貼附長度x=28×0.25=7.0m，大于射程6.5房間風量及氣流組織計算表表4-1房間101102103/105/107104/106/108109110冷負荷w2205.492211.591965.871971.972417.882423.98濕負荷g/h506.85506.85506.85506.85506.85506.85熱濕比156651570813963140061717317217In55.555.555.555.555.555.5Io44.344.344.344.344.344.3風量m3/h727.88729.90648.80650.82798.00800.00進深m6.26.26.26.26.26.2開間m3.63.63.63.63.63.6高m3.03.03.03.03.03.0氣流射程m6.56.56.56.56.56.5換氣次數(shù)10.910.99.79.711.911.9送風溫差999999送風速度m/s444444射流自由度11.5711.5712.2512.2511.0511.05風口個數(shù)111111風口面積m20.0640.0640.0380.0380.0640.064風口尺寸320320320320320320200200150150200200人員數(shù)555544人需風量m3/h150150150150120120新風量1501501501501201204.2風管設(shè)計4.2.1風道水力計算步驟風道水力計算實際上是風道設(shè)計過程的一局部。它包括的內(nèi)容有：合理采用管內(nèi)空氣流速以確定風管截面尺寸；計算風系統(tǒng)阻力及選擇風機；平衡各支風路的阻力以保證各支風路的風量到達設(shè)計值。采用假定流速法進行風道水力計算的步驟如下：繪制空調(diào)系統(tǒng)軸測圖，并對各段風道進行編號、標注長度和風量。管段長度一般按兩個管件的中心線長度計算。確定風管內(nèi)的合理流速。選定流速時，要綜合考慮建筑空間、初始投資、運行費用及噪聲等因素。查《空調(diào)制冷專業(yè)課程設(shè)計指南》表5-4選取主風道風速為5～6.5m/s，水平支風道風速為3.0～4.5m/s。根據(jù)各風道的風量和選定流速，計算各管段的斷面尺寸，并使斷面尺寸符合通風管道統(tǒng)一規(guī)格，再算出風道內(nèi)實際流速。根據(jù)風量L或?qū)嶋H流速v和斷面當量直徑D查圖得到單位長度摩擦阻力Rm。計算沿程阻力和局部阻力選擇最不利環(huán)路〔即阻力最大的環(huán)路〕進行阻力計算ⅰ.沿程阻力公式為：〔4-1〕式中l(wèi)—管段長度，m；Rm—單位長度摩擦阻力，Pa/mⅱ.局部阻力公式為：〔4-2〕系統(tǒng)總阻力公式為：〔4-3〕4.2.21〕新風管道布置圖圖4-1新風管道軸測圖表15最不利管路管段水力計算匯總表管段編號1-22-33-44-55-66-7風量L〔m3/h〕15030060090012001500管長l〔m〕1.53.63.63.63.61.4初選流速v〔m/s〕445666風管截面積〔m2〕0.01040.02080.0330.0420.0560.069a〔mm〕120160200250320320b〔mm〕120120160160160200實際面積〔m2〕0.01440.01920.0320.0400.0510.064當量直徑D〔mm〕120137178195213246實際流速v〔m/s〕2.94.35.26.256.56.5單位長度磨擦阻力Rm〔Pa/m〕1.12.02.12.62.62.1磨擦阻力Δpm〔Pa〕1.657.27.569.369.362.94側(cè)送風口ζ2.042.042.042.042.042.04多葉調(diào)節(jié)閥0.250.250.250.250.250.25漸縮管ζ1.01.0\1.0\\三通或四通ζ0.30.40.50.50.50.5總局部阻力系數(shù)3.593.692.793.792.792.79局部阻力Z〔Pa〕18.140.945.388.870.770.7總阻力Δp=Δpm+Z〔Pa〕19.7548.1352.8698.1680.0673.644.3新風機組的選型新風機組根據(jù)其新風量及制冷量的多少選型?？紤]送風時的風量損失，選型時應(yīng)乘以系數(shù)1.2，保證風機盤管的風量滿足每一個房間。制冷量由公式求得，其中=89.64kJ/kg，=56.08kJ/kg校核制冷量乘以系數(shù)1.2，最后根據(jù)校核制冷量選型。見下表：表17各房間新風量及其制冷量房間號新風量校核