2023-2024學年福建省福州市八校聯考高二（上）期末英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023-2024學年福建省福州市八校聯考高二（上）期末英語試卷一、選詞填空-句子：本大題共2小題，共15分。1.

qualification,complex,grasp,modest,consume,

???????overall,subscribe,cast,organic,overcome(1)Childasheis,hehasagood______ofChinesecharacters(2)Eventherelatively______sumof￡50,000nowseemsbeyondhisreach.(3)In______farming,theuseofpesticidesorchemicalfertilizersisprohibited.(4)Nooneismore______thanyouaretodecidehowyoulive；nooneshouldbeabletovoteonwhatyoudowithyourtimeandyourpotentialunlessyouinvitethemto.(5)Theelectricityindustry______largeamountsoffossilfuels.(6)Boston'sLoganInternationalAirportspentmorethan30years______communityoppositiontoanewrunway.(7)Iencountertremedouscultureshockwhenstudyingabroad.But,______,it'sjustafunexperience.I'mtryingtosoakitallup.(8)Bytheendofthisyear,ourWeChatofficialaccountwillhavealmostonebillionmobilephone______.2.根據語境選擇方框內恰當的詞替換劃橫線的詞exceptional,boost,crisis,shift,substantial,getinvolvedin,consistingof(1)Withoutamajorimprovementintourism,theeconomywillsufferevenfurther.(2)Whenyouparticipateinsportsandathletes,alotoftheracialbarriersarebrokendown.(3)Thefeetarehighlyspecialisedstructuresmadeupof26smalldelicatebones.(4)Thisprogresshasgreatlyimprovedtheprospectsforgrowthandforasignificantreductioninpovertyoverthenextdecade.(5)Attheageoffiveheshowedoutstandingtalentasamusician.(6)Thisaccidentcausedadramaticchangeinpublicopinion.(7)Shehasalwaysbeentotheforeatmomentsofdanger.

二、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。ATheThaicapitalBangkokisn'tjustabigcityfullofskyscrapers,shoppingmalls,andtraffic.Therearemanybeautifulspacesprovidingresidentswithfreshairandlotsofhealthyoutdooractivitiesinlandscapedareas.

BenjakittiPark

TheparkhasdedicatedbicycleandjoggingtracksaroundtheLakeRatchada.Thewater'sedgeisnicelyframedbysomeprettyplantlife,withcolourfulflowersaddingtothequietness.You'llalsofindskatetracks,acentralpavilionwithfountains,andanimpressivehalf-circlecourtyardthat'spopularforpicnics.

OpeningTime：Dailyfrom5a.m.to9p.m.

BenjasiriPark

BenjasiriParkistheplacetobeforsculpturelovers,withsomeofthebestexamplesofThaisculpturesaroundtheparkreflectinghistoricalfeatures.Thecentrepiecefountainhostsmultimediawaterdanceshows3timesdaily.TheparkoffersoutdoorsportsfacilitiesrarelyfoundatotherpublicparksinBangkok,includingabasketballcourt,rollerskating/skateboardingrink,tenniscourt,andoutdoorswimmingpool.

OpeningTime：Dailyfrom5a.m.to9p.m.

ChatuchakPark

ChatuchakParkofferssomethingforeveryoneatthispark.Somemaywalkorjogalongthegreentracksline,whileotherscanappreciatenatureintheThaiLiteratureandHerbGarden.Thepark'snorthernendhasmanytenniscourtsandsoccerfields.Whileyou'rethere,makesurenottomisstheTrainMuseumandYouthTrafficGarden.

OpeningTime：Dailyfrom4：30a.m.to9p.m.

SanamLuangPark

SanamLuangParkhasbeenaroundsincethefoundingofBangkokin1782.TakepartinthekiteflyingfestivalinMarchindifferentshapesandsizesfloatinginthesky.Onmostdays,youcanenjoyafamilypicnicinthebreezylateafternoonwhilewatchinganexcitinggameofvolleyball.

OpeningTime：Dailyfrom5a.m.to10p.m.3.Whichparkopensearliesteveryday？______A.BenjakittiPark. B.BenjasiriPark.

C.ChatuchakPark. D.SanamLuangPark.4.WhatisspecialinBenjasiriParkcomparedwiththeotherthreeparks？______A.Colorfulflowers. B.Traditionalsculptures.

C.Soccerfields. D.Walkingtracks.5.WhatdoBenjakittiParkandSanamLuangParkbothhave？______A.Atenniscourt. B.Someskatetracks.

C.Avolleyballcourt. D.Somepicnicspots.B

Japanisanationthatappreciatesthevirtuesofsilenceandgoodmanners.Yet,whenitcomestoeatingnoodles,Japanesepeoplecanbetheloudestintheworld.

AccordingtolifestylewebsiteGrapee.jp,slurping(發(fā)出嘖嘖聲)wheneatingnoodlesisencouragedinJapaneseculture.It'sbelievedthattakingairintoyourmouthcanenhance(提高)theflavorofthenoodlesandhelpcooldownthefood.It'salsoconsideredtobeawaytoshowappreciationforthedish.Sometimes,justmakingthenoisealoneseemstomakethenoodlesmoreenjoyable.

Itwasnotuntilanewexpression—"noodleharassment"—cameoutonsocialmediathatJapanesepeoplestartedtorealizetheproblem.Theyfoundthattheslurpingnoisewasmakingsomeforeignvisitorsuncomfortable.

Asaresponse,JapaneseinstantnoodlemakerNissinintroducedaso-callednoise-canceling(降噪的)forklastmonth.Theforklookslikeanelectrictoothbrush.Itisconnectedwirelesslytoasmartphone.Whenthepersonusingtheforkstartstoslurp,theforkwillsendasignaltotheperson'sphone.Thenthephonewillplayasoundtomasktheslurpingnoise.

Butisitreallynecessary?Diningtraditionsandtablemannersdovary.InIndia,peopleeatwiththeirhands.Theythinktheybuildaconnectionwiththefoodinthisway.However,peoplewhoareusedtoeatingwithforksmightfinditunacceptabletogettheirhandscoveredinoilorsauce.ButthiseatingmethodispartofIndia'sculture,justlikeJapan'sslurpingispartofitsown.

"So,ifyouareeatingnoodles,pleaseslurpasyoulike,"wroteaJapanesefoodblogger."Ifanyonegetsannoyedwhileyouaredoingthat,ignorethem.They'remissingthepointentirely."6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforslurpingwheneatingnoodles,accordingtothetext?A.Coolingthenoodlesdown.

B.Makingthenoodlesmoretasty.

C.Showinggreatrespectforthenoodles.

D.Addingtothepleasureofeatingnoodles.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"harassment"inParagraph3mean?A.Anxiety. B.Annoyance. C.Politeness. D.Appreciation.8.Howdoesthenoise-cancelingforkwork?A.Theforkremovestheslurpingnoise.

B.Theforkcanbeusedasanelectrictoothbrush.

C.Asmartphoneremindstheusertostopslurpingifasignalissenttoit.

D.Asmartphoneplaysasoundtohidethenoisewhenitreceivesasignal.9.WhydoestheauthormentionpeopleinIndiainthispassage?A.ToshowthatforksareunnecessaryinIndianculture.

B.Togiveanexampletoshowculturaldifferencearenormal.

C.ToshowIndiahasspecialdinningtraditionandtablemanners.

D.TotellusthedifferencesineatinghabitsbetweenIndiaandJapan.CBlindpeoplehavelongdesiredforbrightness,butscientistsdon'thavethetechnology.Tobringthatonestepclosertoreality,ZhiyongFan,amaterialsscientistoftheHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,developedanewartificialeyerecently.Thedevice,whichisaboutassensitivetolightandhassharpervisionandafasterreactiontimethanarealeyeball,mayoutperformhumaneyes.

Thehumaneyeowesitswidefieldofviewandcleareyesighttotheretina（視網膜）-anareaatthebackoftheeyeballcoveredinlight-detectingcells.Thedesignforanewartificialeyeisbasedonthestructureofthehumaneyeandusesafriendlylight-sensitivematerial.Atthebackoftheeyeball,anartificialretinaislinedwithnanoscalelightsensors（納米級光感器）.Thosesensorsmeasurelightthatpassesthroughthelens（晶狀體）atthefrontoftheeye.Wiresattachedtothebackoftheretinasendsignalsfromthosesensorstotheprocessor,similartothewaynervenetworksconnecttheeyeballtothebrain.

"Inthefuture,wecanusethistoreplacedamagedhumaneyes,"saystheleaddesigner.Intheory,thisartificialeyecouldseemoreclearlythanthehumaneye,becausetheartificialretinacontainsabout460millionlightsensorspersquarecentimeterwhilearealretinahasabout10millionlight-detectingcellspersquarecentimeter.Besides,theartificialeyeballrecordschangesinlightingfasterthanhumaneyescan-withinabout30to40milliseconds,ratherthan40to150milliseconds.Althoughits100-degreefieldofviewisn'tasbroadasthe150degreesahumaneyecantakein,thedevicecanseeaswellasthehumaneyeinpoorlight.

HongruiJiang,anelectricalengineerattheUniversityofWisconsin,though,thinksengineersneedamuchmorepracticalandefficientwaytoproducevastseriesoftinywiresonthebackoftheartificialeyeballtogiveitsuperhumansight,whichissuperhardtoachieve.10.WhydoesZhiyongFandeveloptheartificialeye？______A.Toreplacepeople'srealeyeballs.

B.Togainasharpervision.

C.Tohelptheblindregaintheireyesight.

D.Tohelpnormaleyesperformbetter.11.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout？______A.Thedesignoftheartificialeye.

B.Thestructureofthehumaneye.

C.Theadvantagesoftheartificialeye.

D.Thematerialusedfortheartificialeye.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheartificialeyeandthehumaneye？______A.Theyhavethesamestructure.

B.Theartificialeyemayseemoreclearly.

C.Thehumaneyeseesbetterinweaklight.

D.Theartificialeyetakesinabroaderview.13.WhichwordbestdescribesHongruiJiang'sattitudetotheartificialeye？______A.Doubtful. B.Favorable. C.Tolerant. D.Ambiguous.D

China'syoungpeoplehavecreatedyetanotherwordtoreflecttheirgrowingdisappointmentwiththestressfulworkculture.Thenewlifestylehotword,tangping,isanactionratherthanafeeling—decidingtojustgoby,usingaminimumeffortatanunsatisfactoryjob.

Wendysaidthatherlying-downphilosophycouldbesummedupas"Puttingthepeacefulnessofthebodyandsoulfirst.""Accordingtothemainstreamstandard,agoodlifestylemustincludeworkinghard,tryingtogetgoodresultsonworkevaluations,strugglingtobuyahouseandacar,andhavingbabies,"shesaid,"However,Iamlookingforwardto'lyingdownentirely'—quittingmyjobandlivingoffmysavings."

TangpinghascomeunderfirefromChinesestatemedia."Nomatterwhat,youngpeoplemusthaveconfidenceinthefuture,"readanewspaper."Chinaistheworld'smostpopulouscountry,withrichlaborresourcesandahugemarketadvantage.Theonlyhappylifeisahard-workinglife."Thelying-downcommunityobviouslyisn'tgoodforthecountry'seconomicandsocialdevelopment,"saidGuangmingDaily.However,thenewspaperaddedthattangpingshouldn'tbeignoredwithoutreflection:ifChinawantstoencouragehardworkintheyounggeneration,itshouldfirsttrytoimprovetheirqualityoflife.

"Thestateisworriedaboutwhatwouldhappenifeveryonestoppedworking,"saidHuangPing,aliteratureprofessor."Buthumansaren'tmerelytoolsformakingthings,"hesaid.Toliedownisareasonablechoiceratherthananegativeattitude.Forsomeyoungpeople,it'sawayforthemtoreducepressure."Whenyoucan'tcatchupwithsociety'sdevelopment—say,highhouseprices—tangpingisactuallythemostpracticalchoice."hesaid.

Lyingdowncanbeseenastheoppositeofinvolution(內卷),referringtosocietiesbecomingtrappedincontinualcyclesofcompetition."Inarelativelygoodsocialenvironment,peoplemayfeelinvoluted,butatleastthey'retrying."Hesaid."Ifit'sworse,peoplewilltangping."

Alternatively,themoremotivatedamongtheyounggenerationhaveacceptedFIRE—"FinancialIndependence,RetireEarly"—inthehopeofsomedayescapingtheseverecompetitiononceandforall.14.WhatisWendy'sgoalinlife?A.Tokeepupwithsociety'sdevelopment.

B.Todependonhersavingstolive.

C.Togetpromotedinhercompany.

D.Tobehighlyevaluatedatwork.15.Whatdostatemediathinktheyoungshoulddo?A.Improvetheirqualityoflife. B.ReflectonChina'sdevelopment.

C.Basetheirfutureonhardwork. D.Liveahappylifebylyingdown.16.WhatdoesProfessorHuangthinkofthe"lyingdown"style?A.Itmeanslowqualityoflifefortheyoung.

B.Itpreventsthedevelopmentofsociety.

C.Itmotivatestheyoungtowelcometheirfuture.

D.Itremovestheheavylifepressurefromtheyoung.17.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Ahealthysocietydoesn'tinvolvecompetition.

B.Youngpeoplepreferinvolutiontotangping.

C.Severecompetitionisthemaincauseoflyingdown.

D.Moreactiveyoungpeoplefavourseverecompetition.三、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。Can'tResistJunkFood?

???????StudySuggestsYouTryThisSimpleTrick

You'retiredandhungry.Thenyoucatchawhiffofsomethingdelicious,probablyfriedandalmostcertainlyfattening.Itisfriedchicken!

(18)

Anewresearchsaysthatexposingtothesmellofjunkfoodforatleasttwominutescanactuallyhelpyoumakehealthierfoodchoices.

Let'stakeacloserlookatthisprocess.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhateverappetizingtreatcatchesyournose'sattentiontendstobemostappealingjustafteryoufirstsmellit?Whatwillhappenifyou'restandinginlineafteracoupleofminutes?

(19)

Andrecentsciencesaysthatthisisactuallytherightmomenttowalkaway.

Theresultsofaseriesofexperiments,includingfieldstudiesatasupermarketandatamiddleschoolcafeteria,showthatextendedexposure(ofmorethantwominutes)tojunkfoodsmell(e.g.cookiesmell)leadstolowerpurchasesofunhealthyfoodscomparedwithhealthysmell(e.g.strawberrysmell).

(20)

Thatiswhylongexposuretojunkfoodsmellcanbeassatisfactoryasactuallyhavingitinyourmouth,whichinturndecreasesthedesireforconsumptionofjunkfood.

(21)

Whentheexposuretosmellofhealthyfoodwereexamined,foodchoiceswerenotprofoundlyinfluenced.Thereasonforthisisthathealthyfoodarenotconnectedwithrewardinourbrainandthereforehavelittleinfluenceonwhatwedesire.

Sonexttimeyou'refeelingyoudon'thavethewillpowertoresistthatFrenchfries,itmightbeassimpleassittingthereandsmellingallthatsweetnessforjustaminuteortwo.

(22)

A.Butwaitaminutebeforeyouorder.

B.It'saresponsethathasbeenresearched.

C.Getthesatisfactionwithnoneofthecalories.

D.Itisn'tquiteasirresistibleasitwasjustmomentsago.

E.However,it'snotthesamecasewithsmellofhealthyfood.

F.It'sthesameasactuallyeatingitbecauseyourdesiretoeatitissatisfied.

G.Thebraindoesn'tnecessarilydistinguishbetweenapleasurablesmellortaste.18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G21.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G22.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G四、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。

ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombia,asciencecareerwithNASAmayseemimpossible.Trujillo,however,isanaerospace

(23)

wholeadsateamattheNASAlaboratory

(24)

fortheroboticarmofthelatestMarsrover(火星探測器).

HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverseto

(25)

exploringit?That'sataleof

(26)

writteninthestars.

Bornin1983,evenasayounggirlTrujillowas

(27)

ofherpassionforscience.Butshedoubtedhowfarshe'dbeableto

(28)

inamale-dominatedfield.ThenherdadofferedtosendhertoMiami.Only17atthetime,she

(29)

theoffer.

Trujillotookaseriesofhousekeeping

(30)

toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege.Sometimesshewascleaningbathroomstohelppayherwaythroughher

(31)

.Butshedidn't

(32)

,"Isaweverythingcomingmywayasanopportunity."

Thencameanotherlife-changingmoment.ShebecamethefirstHispanic(西班牙語國家的)womantobe

(33)

totheNASAAcademy.Later,shebecameanengineeratNASA'sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.

ThisFebruary,whenthePerseverancerover

(34)

onthesurfaceofMars,itwas

(35)

bycommentary(解說)fromTrujilloinNASA'sfirst-everSpanish-language

(36)

.

Trujillo'sownstoryis

(37)

thatjustbeyondthebarrierliesanentireuniverseofopportunitieswaitingforanyonewillingtoworkhardenoughtoreachforthestars.23.A.astronaut B.pilot C.engineer D.guide24.A.eager B.responsible C.concerned D.grateful25.A.actually B.hardly C.accurately D.repeatedly26.A.innovation B.kindness C.passion D.sympathy27.A.certain B.approved C.afraid D.fond28.A.respond B.rise C.invest D.apply29.A.madeup B.turnedup C.pickedup D.tookup30.A.measures B.activities C.jobs D.courses31.A.studies B.purchases C.recreations D.trips32.A.clarify B.fear C.perceive D.complain33.A.applied B.admitted C.assigned D.introduced34.A.originated B.generated C.landed D.waited35.A.accompanied B.distracted C.estimated D.occupied36.A.theory B.broadcast C.comment D.performance37.A.career B.information C.competence D.proof五、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。38.

Theremainsofagoldmaskareamongthe3,000-year-oldartifacts(歷史文物)foundatSanxingdui,a4.6-square-mileareaoutsideChengdu,capitalofSichuanprovince.

(1)

(weigh)about280gramsandestimatedtobemadefrom84%gold,themaskisoneofover500itemsunearthedfromsixnewlydiscovered"sacrificialpits(祭祀坑)"inSanxingdui.

Morethan50,000ancientartifacts

(2)

(find)atSanxingduisincethe1920s,whenalocalfarmer

(3)

(accidental)cameuponanumberofrelicsatthesite.Amajorbreakthrough

(4)

(occur)in1986,withthediscoveryoftwoceremonialpitscontainingover1,000items.Discoveriesmadeatthesitedatebacktothe12thand11thcenturiesBC,andmanyoftheitemsarenow

(5)

displayatanon-sitemuseum.

Thesitehascompletelychangedexperts'understandingof

(6)

theancientcivilizationdevelopedinChina.Inparticular,

(7)

(evident)suggeststhattheuniqueancientShusocietydevelopedindependentlyofneighboringculturesintheYellowRiverValley,

(8)

wastraditionallyconsideredtobetheoriginofChinesecivilization.

AlongwithotherShuarchaeological

(9)

(site),itiscreditedbytheUNas"

(10)

outstandingrepresentativeoftheBronzeAgeCivilizationofChina,EastAsiaandeventheworld."六、書面表達：本大題共1小題，共25分。39.為了慶祝即將來臨的新年，你校在元旦舉辦了迎新春品美食活動，受到廣大師生的好評。你參加了活動并拍攝了vlog。請你以“AnUnforgettableFestival”為題，為?？挠⒄Z角寫一篇短文，記述整個活動過程。

1.活動策劃；

2.活動內容；

3.師生感受。

注意：

1.詞數120字左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)。AnUnforgettableFestival_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】grasp【小題2】modest【小題3】organic【小題4】qualified【小題5】consumes【小題6】overcoming【小題7】overall【小題8】subscriptions【解析】1.

句意：雖然他還是個孩子，但他對漢字掌握得很好。不定冠詞a后接名詞的單數形式。名詞grasp為“掌握”之意。故填grasp。

2.

句意：即使是5萬英鎊這一相對適中的數目，現在看來也超出了他的能力范圍。名詞sum前用形容詞修飾。形容詞modest為“適度的”之意。故填modest。

3.

句意：在有機農業(yè)中，禁止使用殺蟲劑或化肥。名詞farming前用形容詞修飾。形容詞organic為“有機的”之意。故填organic。

4.

句意：沒有人比你更有資格決定自己的生活方式；沒有人應該對你如何利用你的時間和你的潛力投票，除非你邀請他們。句中用形容詞作表語。形容詞qualified為“有資格的”之意。故填qualified。

5.

句意：電力工業(yè)消耗大量的化石燃料。動詞consume為“消耗”之意，陳述客觀事實，用一般現在時。故填consumes。

6.

句意：波士頓洛根國際機場花了30多年時間克服社區(qū)對修建新跑道的反對。動詞overcome為“克服”之意。spend…doingsth.“花費多少時間做某事”。故填overcoming。

7.

句意：在國外學習的時候，我遇到了巨大的文化沖擊。但是，總的來說，這只是一個有趣的經歷。我正試著接受這一切。句中用副詞作狀語，修飾整個句子。副詞overall為“總的來說”之意。故填overall。

8.

句意：到今年年底，我們的微信官方賬戶將擁有近10億手機用戶。名詞subscription為“訂閱”之意。根據onebillion可知，用名詞的復數形式。故填subscriptions。2.【答案】【小題1】boost【小題2】getinvolvedin【小題3】consistingof【小題4】substantial【小題5】exceptional【小題6】shift【小題7】crisis【解析】1.

句意：如果旅游業(yè)沒有重大改善，經濟將受到更大的影響。名詞improvement為“改善”之意，與boost含義一致。故填boost。

2.

句意：當你參加體育運動和運動員時，許多種族障礙就被打破了。短語participatein為“參加，參與”之意，與getinvolvedin含義一致。故填getinvolvedin。

3.

句意：腳是由26塊細小骨頭組成的高度專業(yè)化的結構。短語（be）madeupof為“組成”之意，與consistof含義一致，在句中作定語，所以用動詞的-ing形式。故填consistingof。

4.

句意：這一進展大大改善了未來十年增長和大幅減少貧困的前景。形容詞significant為“有效的，顯著的”之意，與substantial含義一致。故填substantial。

5.

句意：5歲時，他就表現出了杰出的音樂家才能。形容詞outstanding為“杰出的”之意，與exceptional含義一致。故填exceptional。

6.

句意：這一事故使公眾輿論發(fā)生了巨大的變化。名詞change為“變化”之意，與shift含義一致。故填shift。

7.

句意：她總是在危急時刻挺身而出。名詞danger為“危險”之意，與crisis含義一致。故填crisis。3~5.【答案】C、B、D【解析】（1）C

細節(jié)理解題。根據每座公園相關信息末尾處的"Opening

Time"可知，Chatuchak

Park的開園時間為早上四點半，早于其他三座公園。故選C。

（2）B

細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文尤其是Benjasiri

Park部分第一句中的"Benjasiri

Park

is

the

place

to

be

for

sculpture

lovers,with

some

of

the

best

examples

of

Thai

sculptures

around

the

park."（Benjasiri公園是雕塑愛好者的去處，公園周圍有一些最好的泰國雕塑。）可知，在Benjasiri

Park,游客可以觀看泰國雕塑。故選B。

（3）D

細節(jié)理解題。根據Benjakitti

Park部分最后一句中的"and

an

impressive

half-circle

courtyard

that's

popular

for

picnics"（還有一個令人印象深刻的半圓形庭院，是野餐的好去處。）以及Sanam

Luang

Park部分最后一句中的"you

can

enjoy

a

family

picnic

in

the

breezy

late

afternoon"（你可以在微風拂面的傍晚享受一次家庭野餐。）可知，兩座公園的共同之處在于它們都給游客提供了野餐的地點。故選D。

本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了位于泰國首都曼谷的四座公園的相關情況。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。6~9.【答案】C、B、D、B【解析】【文章大意】本文通過日本人吃面條時發(fā)出聲音這一現象，告訴我們應該尊重各地不同的飲食文化。

1.

根據第二段中的It'sbelievedthattakingairintoyourmouth...justmakingthenoisealoneseemstomakethenoodlesmoreenjoyable.（人們認為，吸入空氣可以增強面條的味道，幫助食物冷卻。這也被認為是一種表達對這道菜感激之情的方式。有時候，僅僅是發(fā)出噪音似乎就能讓吃面條更愉快。）可知日本人吃面條時發(fā)出聲音可以表達對面條的喜愛，改善面條的味道，增加了吃面條的樂趣，只有C項不屬于吃面時發(fā)出嘖嘖聲的原因。故選C。

2.

根據劃線詞后文Theyfoundthattheslurpingnoisewasmakingsomeforeignvisitorsuncomfortable.（他們發(fā)現嘖嘖有聲的噪音讓一些外國游客感到不舒服。）可知，劃線詞所在句意為“直到社交媒體上出現了一個新的表達——“面條騷擾”，日本人才開始意識到這個問題”可知，劃線詞意為“騷擾，煩惱”。故選B。

3.

根據第四段中的Whenthepersonusingtheforkstartstoslurp,theforkwillsendasignaltotheperson'sphone.Thenthephonewillplayasoundtomasktheslurpingnoise.（當使用叉子的人開始發(fā)出嘖嘖聲時，叉子會向這個人的手機發(fā)出信號。然后手機會播放聲音來掩蓋嘖嘖聲。）可知，消噪叉是通過智能手機接收叉子發(fā)出的信號，并發(fā)出聲音來隱藏噪音。故選D。

4.

根據第五段中心句Diningtraditionsandtablemannersdovary.（用餐傳統(tǒng)和餐桌禮儀確實各不相同。）以及InIndia,peopleeatwiththeirhands...ButthiseatingmethodispartofIndia'sculture,justlikeJapan'sslurpingispartofitsown.（在印度，人們用手吃飯。他們認為他們通過這種方式與食物建立了聯系。然而，習慣用叉子吃飯的人可能會覺得雙手沾滿油或醬汁是不可接受的。但是這種吃法是印度文化的一部分，就像日本的嘖嘖有聲也是日本文化的一部分一樣。）可知，作者提到印度人是為了舉個例子說明文化差異是正常的。故選B。10~13.【答案】C、A、B、A【解析】（1）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段Blindpeoplehavelongdesiredforbrightness.（盲人長期以來渴望光明）以及Tobringthatonestepclosertoreality.（讓這一步更接近現實。）可知，ZhiyongFan研發(fā)人造眼是為了幫助盲人重獲視力，故選C。

（2）A.段落大意題。根據第二段Thedesignforanewartificialeyeisbasedonthestructureofthehumaneyeandusesafriendlylight-sensitivematerial.Atthebackoftheeyeball,anartificialretinaislinedwithnanoscalelightsensors（納米級光感器）.（新的人造眼的設計基于人眼的結構，使用了一種友好的感光材料。在眼球的后部，一個人造視網膜排列著納米級的光傳感器。）可知，第二段主要介紹了這種人造眼的材料、結構和原理。故選A。

（3）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段Intheory,thisartificialeyecouldseemoreclearlythanthehumaneye.（理論上，這種人造眼睛比人眼看得更清楚。）可知，關于人造眼和人眼我們知道的是人造眼可以看得更清楚。故選B。

（4）A.觀點態(tài)度題。根據最后一段HongruiJiang,anelectricalengineerattheUniversityofWisconsin,though,thinksengineersneedamuchmorepracticalandefficientwaytoproducevastseriesoftinywiresonthebackoftheartificialeyeballtogiveitsuperhumansight,whichissuperhardtoachieve.?????????????????????????????????????????（威斯康星大學的電氣工程師洪瑞江認為，工程師需要一種更實用、更有效的方法來在人造眼球的背面產生大量的微小導線，使之成為超人的視覺，這是非常難以實現的。）可知，HongruiJiang對人造眼持懷疑態(tài)度。A.Doubtful.懷疑的；B.Favorable.贊同的；C.Objective客觀的；D.Optimistic樂觀的。故選A。

本文是一篇人物故事類閱讀，主要介紹了一項新的發(fā)明--人造眼，它可能會代替受損的眼球。

考查人物故事類閱讀理解。做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。14~17.【答案】B、C、D、C【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國的流行熱詞“躺平”，及其背后所反映的社會問題與現象。

1.

由第二段中的"However,Iamlookingforwardto'lyingdownentirely'—quittingmyjobandlivingoffmysavings."（然而，我期待“完全躺平”——辭掉工作，靠積蓄謀生。）"可知，Wendy打算依賴她的存款生活。故選B。

2.

由第三段中的Theonlyhappylifeisahard-workinglife.（唯一幸福的生活是勤勞的生活。）可知，媒體認為年輕人應該通過努力工作，創(chuàng)造未來。故選C。

3.

由第四段中的Toliedownisareasonablechoiceratherthananegativeattitude.Forsomeyoungpeople,it'sawayforthemtoreducepressure.（躺平是一種合理的選擇，而不是消極的態(tài)度。對于一些年輕人來說，這是他們減壓的一種方式。）可知，黃教授認為躺平生活方式消除了年輕人沉重的生活壓力。故選D。

4.

由最后一段內容（或者，年輕一代中更有動力的人接受了FIRE——“財務獨立，提早退休”——希望有一天能一勞永逸地擺脫激烈的競爭。）可知，競爭壓力大才是大家選擇躺平模式的主要原因。故選C。18~22.【答案】A、D、G、E、F【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾項抵制垃圾食品誘惑的技巧。

1.

根據下一句Anewresearchsaysthatexposingtothesmellofjunkfoodforatleasttwominutescanactuallyhelpyoumakehealthierfoodchoices.可知，暴露在垃圾食品中至少兩分鐘會幫助你選擇健康食品，所以本句與等待時間有關，故A選項（但是在預定之前先等一下）符合題意。故選A。

2.

根據前文連發(fā)的兩個問句可知，垃圾食品在第一次被聞到時非常吸引人，那么在排隊等了幾分鐘之后會發(fā)生什么呢？根據下一句Andrecentsciencesaysthatthisisthis

is

actually

the

right

moment

to

walk

away.（最近的科學研究表明，現在正是離開的最佳時機。）可知，這恰恰是要離開的時刻，故D選項（它已經不像幾分鐘之前那么不可抗拒了）符合題意。故選D。

3.

根據本段開頭Theresultsofaseriesofparedwithhealthysmell(e.g.strawberrysmell).（一系列實驗的結果，包括在超市和中學自助餐廳的實地研究，表明長時間暴露在垃圾食品的氣味中（超過兩分鐘）會使人產生不良反應。（例如，餅干的味道）與健康的味道相比，不健康食品的購買量更低。（例如，草莓的氣味）?？芍?，一系列的實驗結果表明暴露在垃圾食品的氣味中多于兩分鐘后會導致垃圾食品購買量的下降，在進行客觀結果描述，所以排除易錯選項F，同時，下一句在解釋聞到氣味就如同嘴巴吃到了一樣滿足。因此設空處要表達大腦對味覺和嗅覺區(qū)分不明顯。故G選項（大腦對味覺和嗅覺區(qū)分不明顯）符合題意。故選G。

4.

根據下一句When

the

exposure

to

smell

of

healthy

food

were

examined,foodchoiceswerenotprofoundly

influenced.（當檢測健康食物的氣味時，食物選擇并沒有受到很大的影響。）可知，空格內容與健康食物的氣味相關，并且表達轉折的語義。故E選項（然而，健康食物的味道就不一樣了。）符合題意。故選E。

5.

根據前句itmightbeassimpleassittingthereandsmellingallthatsweetnessforjustaminuteortwo.（最簡單的方法是坐在那里聞上一兩分鐘香甜的味道）可知，F選項（聞到味道與吃到它是一樣可以滿足愿望的。）承接自然，話題一致。故選F。23~37.【答案】C、B、A、C、A、B、D、C、A、D、B、C、A、B、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了一位哥倫比亞長大的女孩Trujillo成為NASA錄取的第一位西班牙裔女性。

1.

句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程師，她領導著美國宇航局實驗室的一個團隊，負責最新火星探測器的機械臂。A.astronaut宇航員；B.pilot飛行員；C.engineer工程師；D.guide指導；向導。根據下文“Later,shebecameanengineeratNASA'sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.”可知，Trujillo成為美國宇航局工程師。故選C。

2.

句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程師，她領導著美國宇航局實驗室的一個團隊，負責最新火星探測器的機械臂。A.eager渴望的；B.responsible負責任的；C.concerned擔心的；D.grateful感激的。beresponsiblefor負責……。根據“Trujillo,however,isanaerospace

(1)

wholeadsateamattheNASAlaboratory”可知，Trujillo領導的團隊負責最新火星探測器的機械臂。故選B。

3.

句意：Trujillo是如何從只是夢想著宇宙變成真正的探索宇宙的呢？A.actually事實上；B.hardly幾乎不；C.accurately準確地；D.repeatedly重復地。根據“HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverse”可知，Trujillo從夢想變成了現實，在現實中真正的探索宇宙。故選A。

4.

句意：那是一個寫在星星上的充滿激情的故事。A.innovation創(chuàng)新；B.kindness善良；C.passion熱情；D.sympathy同情。根據文章開頭“ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombia,asciencecareerwithNASAmayseemimpossible.”可知，對于一個女孩要進入美國宇航局工作是非常難的一件事，而這位女孩做到了。所以此處表達她的整個經歷充滿了激情。故選C。

5.

句意：Trujillo出生于1983年，盡管她還是個小女孩，但她肯定自己對科學的熱情。A.certain確信的；B.approved贊成的；C.afraid害怕的；擔心的；D.fond喜愛的。根據上文“HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverseto

(3)

exploringit?”可知，她一直夢想著探索宇宙，結合此句中的even，所以此處表示甚至在她還很小時，就確定了對科學的追求和喜愛。故選A。

6.

句意：但她不確定自己在一個男性主導的領域地位能提高多少。A.respond回應；B.rise上升；地位提高；C.invest投資；投入；D.apply申請；應用。根據“inamale-dominatedfield”可知，在這樣一個男性主導的領域里，Trujillo不知道的努力和堅持讓自己能走多遠，地位能提高多少。故選B。

7.

句意：當時只有17歲，她接受了這個提議。A.madeup編造；B.turnedup出現；調大；C.pickedup撿起；學會；D.tookup接受（建議或主意）；占據。根據“ThenherdadofferedtosendhertoMiami.”她爸爸提出送她去邁阿密，下文“Trujillotookaseriesofhousekeeping8

toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege.”提到她去邁阿密上大學，所以此處表示，她接受了爸爸讓她去邁阿密的提議。故選D。

8.

句意：Trujillo做了一系列家務活，讓自己讀完了邁阿密戴德學院。A.measures措施；B.activities活動；C.jobs工作；D.courses課程。根據“toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege.”可知，她給別人做家務活，也就是通過家務工作，掙錢讓自己完成學業(yè)。故選C。

9.

句意：有時她打掃浴室以幫助她完成學業(yè)。A.studies學習；研究；B.purchase