淺析影響人們語言態(tài)度的因素獲獎科研報告論文

淺析影響人們語言態(tài)度的因素獲獎科研報告論文【摘要】人們經(jīng)常習(xí)慣于通過一個人所說的語言來對其進(jìn)行評價。之所以會產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象是由于人們對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語言、方言和口音有自己的態(tài)度。因為種種原因，詞匯作為語言的最基本要素可以另人們產(chǎn)生積極的或者消極的態(tài)度。本文主分析了影響人們語言態(tài)度的因素。主要包括語言變化、語言使用環(huán)境和性別區(qū)別三個方面。

【關(guān)鍵詞】態(tài)度語言態(tài)度語言變化

1H01A12095-308905-0012-01C

Listenersalwayscategorizethemajorityofspeakersbythelanguagetheyspeakorwhethertheyhavestronglocalaccents，thereasonbeingthatpeoplealwayshavetheirownattitudestolanguage，varietyoraccents.Theattitudewillbeinfluencedbythefactorsoflanguagechange，usingcontextdifferenceandgenderdifference.

Languagechangeasanotuncommonphenomenonhasbeenasubjectofresearchformanyyears.Languagechangeismerelyanumbrellatermanditincludesvariouschanges，suchasvocabularychange，pronunciationchange，orwordspellingchange.McMahon（1994）categorizedthesechangesintosoundchange，syntacticchange，semanticchangesetc.

Someparticularwordshaveacquiredadditionalornewmeaningsinadditiontotheoriginal，forexampletheChineseword‘gouzai，（itcanbedirectlytranslatedinto‘paparazzi），whichwasusedtodescribecutedogsinthepast.Nowadays，peoplehaveanegativeattitudetothiswordinChinaasitusuallyreferstoentertainmentreporterswhoaredevotedtoreportingscandalsaboutstars.Thusthefunctionofthiswordhasbeentransformedfromacommendatorytoaderogatoryword.

Inadditiontolanguagechange，thecontextinwhichawordisspokenalsoinfluenceshowpeopleperceivethisword.TheChineseword‘zouhoumen，（itcanbedirectlytranslatedintothephrase‘throughthebackdoor），canalsobeperceiveddifferentlyaccordingtoitsapplicationsettings.Thedenotativemeaningofthiswordmeans‘enteringsomeplacesthroughthebackdoor，anditisaneuterwordwithoutnegativeorpositiveemotion.However，whenusedtodescribepeopleapplyingunethicalmethodstoobtainpersonalinterests，itpossessesalmostthesamemeaningastheEnglishword‘bribery，thereforepeoplewillperceive‘zouhoumennegativelyinthiscontext.

Peoplealwayscategoriseparticularwordsasfemaleandmale，inotherwordstheattitudestowardsthesewordswillbedifferent.Forinstance，someadjectivessuchas‘cute，‘beautifulor‘prettyareusuallyusedtodescribewomenwhilstincontrast，thewords‘handsome，‘gentlemanor‘energyarealwaysusedtodescribemen.Furthermore，peopleperceivewordswithsoftorpolitefeaturesasbeingfeminine，whilstmasculinewordsareassociatedwiththecharacteristicsofhardnessorpower.Thereforepeopleevaluatethesetwogroupsofwordsfromadifferentperception.

Ifapersonusesawordlike‘cutetodescribeanadultmanorboy，hewillbeperceivednegativelyasheisapplyinganunsuitableword；atthesametime，peoplewillhaveanegativeattitudetowardsthewordasithasnotbeenusedappropriately.Peopleassociatewordssuchas‘lipstick，‘cosmetic，or‘handbagwithwomen，butneverlinkthemtomen.

Thispaperhasdiscussedthefactorswhichmaydetermineapersonsattitudetowardssomeparticularwordsfromfactorssuchaslanguagechange，context，genderdifference.Infact，thesefactor