【課件】Unit+3Discovering+Useful+Structures+課件人教版(2019)必修第二冊

Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructure現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時的概念現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)的注意事項1234Contents現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成PART01現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成have/has+done當主語是_____________用has

當主語是_____________用havedone在現(xiàn)在完成時中叫_________，原型是do/does第三人稱單數(shù)其他人稱過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時的概念PART021.表示

開始，一直持續(xù)到

的動作。

過去現(xiàn)在for:后接一段時間，如threeyears,alongtime…e.g.Ihaveknownyouforalongtime.since:自從…后接過去的時間點/動作e.g.Ihavenotseenhimsincewemetlastweek.AB常用的時間狀語有：“for”and“since”for+時間段(譯為：……時間)since+過去一個時間點(譯為：自從……以來)since+從句(一般過去時)Itis/hasbeen+時間段+since+從句(過去時)2.表示

發(fā)生的或

的動作對

造成的

。Pastpresent過去已完成現(xiàn)在影響或結(jié)果e.g.Ihavejustopenedthedoor.(Thedoorisnotclosednow.）

常與不確定的時間狀語連用，如:

thesedays,uptonow,bynow,lately,already,never,ever,just,yet,before,recently,sofar,inthepastfewyears等JaneandMikehaveread

HarryPottermanytimes.MikehasbeentoDisneylandtwice.發(fā)生過若干次3.現(xiàn)在完成時用于談?wù)揰_____________的事情.never,twice,threetimes,manytimesItisthefirst/secondtimethat.....等常用的時間狀語有：12已經(jīng)/剛剛already，yet，just從不/曾經(jīng)/之前never/ever/before自從since+過去的時間點for+一段時間一段時間以來inthelastfewdays...inthepastfewyears最近，近來lately,

recently,inrecentyears到目前為止sofar,uptonow,bynow，todate，until/tillnow次數(shù)twice；severaltimesItisthefirst/secondtimethat.....現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)常見的時間狀語現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)形式現(xiàn)在完成時(ActiveVoice)肯定式have/hasdone否定式have/hasnotdone一般疑問句have/has+主+done？特殊疑問句疑問詞+have/has+主+done？13TranslatethemintoEnglish.1.你以前做過風箏嗎?2.我從來沒有見過這么奇怪的人．3.到目前為止你學了多少英語單詞?4.這部電影他已經(jīng)看過5遍了.5.最近有沒有讀一些有趣的書?6.自從她搬到上海以后,我就沒見過她.Haveyoumadeakitebefore?I’veneverseensuchastrangeman.HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearnedsofar?Hehasalreadyseenthisfilm5times.Haveyoureadanyinterestingbooksrecently?Ihaven’tmethersinceshemovedtoShanghai.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)PART03PassiveVoiceofPresentPerfectTensePART02Observeandsummarize（1）Tom'snovelhasnotbeenpublished.（2）Theexperimenthasbeendonesuccessfully.

（3）Howlonghasthisfilmbeenshown?

（4）Hashisbikebeenrepaired?現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)肯定形式為:_____________________2．否定形式為:______________________3．一般疑問句式為：____________________4．特殊疑問句式為：________________________主語+have/hasbeendone主語+have/hasnotbeendoneHave/Has＋主語＋beendone疑問詞＋have/has+主語＋beendone①ThefirstsubwaytocrosstheYangtzeRiver_________________.第一條橫穿長江的地鐵已經(jīng)開工。(肯定式)②Whenandwheretospendourholiday__________________yet.我們還沒決定何時去何地度假。(否定式)③______theconstructionoftheunderwatertunnel___________?水下隧道的建造完工了嗎?(一般疑問式)④______partsofGansuProvince_____________bystrongwindsandheavysnowfallinthepasttwodays?在過去的兩天里,甘肅省的什么地方受到了大風和大雪侵襲?(特殊疑問式)hasbeenstartedhasn’tbeendecidedHasbeenfinishedWhathavebeenhit被動語態(tài)的注意事項PART04Eg：Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinmyhometownrecently.Eg:Afterthetrafficaccident,noonewassurvivedexceptapersonwhowasbadlyinjured.1.不及物動詞和不及物動詞短語，沒有被動語態(tài)，rise,happen,takeplace,breakout,comeabout,survive,remain,last,die,disappear,end,fail,belongto,consistof...2.雖然一般說來只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)，但許多“不及物動詞+副詞或介詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞，相當于及物動詞，也可以有被動語態(tài)，但變被動語態(tài)后，不可把介詞或副詞漏掉。laughat,operateon,listento,lookafter,takecareof,thinkof,talkabout,handin,catchsightof,makeuseof,payattentionto,turnon…

Eg：Mysisterwillbetakencareofbygrandma.Thepatientisbeingoperatedonnow.Theradiowasturnedonbyhimjustnow.

e.g.這本書借了一周了。Thebookhasbeenkeptforaweek.

這輛自行車我買了一年了。

Ihavehadthisbikeforayear.Thebikehasbeenhadforayear.3.borrow,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join等非延續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達相應(yīng)的意思，需要改變動詞或時態(tài)。1、一般現(xiàn)在時：is/am/are+doneOurclassroomiscleanedeveryday.我們教室每天都被打掃。2、一般過去時：was/were+doneAnewshopwasbuiltlastyear.去年修了一座新商店。3、一般將來時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：will+bedoneAnewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.我們城市將要修建一家新醫(yī)院。4、現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：am/is/are+beingdoneMybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow.王叔叔正在修理我的自行車。5、過去進行時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：was/were+beingdoneThenewroadwasbeingmade.這條新路正在修筑。6、現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：has/have+beendoneThisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.這本書被翻譯成多種文字。7、過去完成時的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：had+beendoneTheclaasroomhadbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)1.Whenyougetthepapersback,payspecialattentiontowhat

(mark).

2.Inrecentyearsmanysportsclubs

(run)tomakeaprofit.

3.IwanttobuythiskindofclothbecauseI

(tell)thattheclothwasheswell.

4.Overthepasttenyears,thistown

(hit)twicebyearthquakes.

hasbeenmarkedhavebeenrunhavebeentoldhasbeenhitPractice!5.Alotofdamage

(cause)byasnowstormwhichhitthenorthofthecountrylastnight.

6.Ilikethesesongsverymuchwhich

(teach)recentlyontheradio.

7.Whenandwhereourprofessorwillgiveusalecture________________________(notdecide)yet.

8.Greatchanges

(take)placeinmyhometownsince2016.

hasbeencaused

havebeentaughthasn'tbeendecidedhavetaken9.

（已經(jīng)證實）thatitwasthedriver’scarelessnessthatresultedintheterribleaccident.

10.Inrecentyears，stress_____________________(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems.11.Itisthefirsttimethatmusictherapy____________________(introduce)intotreatingdepression.

12.Neverinmylife_________Ieverbeentouchedbysuchasong.

13.Allthepreparationsforthetask__________________(complete),andwe’rereadytostart.

14.Numerousmeasures_______________(take)tocopewiththeseproblemsbythegovernmentuptonow.IthasbeenconfirmedthathasbeenregardedhasbeenintroducedhavebeencompletedhavehavebeentakenBYYUSHENCompletethenoticewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.(WORKBOOKP75EX.4)NoticetoparentsDearParents,Wehopeyouwillwelcomethisnews.Almost100computers_______________（give)tousbyalocalcomputercompanysincetheendoflastyear.Adecision____