湖南省永州市高三上學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題

永州市2024年高考第二次模擬試卷英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。3.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)，不能答在本試卷上，否則無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題15分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwilltheschoolbusarrive?A.At6:45.B.At7:05.C.At7:352.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Acarsaleswoman.B.Acaféwaitress.C.Atoysaleswoman.3.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Takeapicture.B.Havesomecheese.C.Lendhiscamera.4.Wheredocstheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaschool.5.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Hesitant.B.Scared.C.Determined.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）所下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘聽(tīng)完后；各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Hostandguest.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablytalkabout?A.Carver’sproducts.B.Carver’spany.C.Carver’slifeexperience.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Forgivingfriends’mistakes.B.Acceptingtheresultsoflying.C.Beinghonestallthetime.9.WhowillDanielspeaktonext?A.Hismother.B.Hisbestfriend.C.Hissister.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至13題10.Whatdidtheman’steamdointherescue?A.Theytriedtofindcluestothesurvivors.B.Theysearchedtheforestbyhelicopter.C.Theyhelpedcleanthecrashedplane.11.Whycouldthekidssurviveaccordingtotheman?A.Theyfoundalocalmunity.B.Theydiscoveredashelterwithfoodandwater.C.Theyknowalotabouthowtosurviveinthewild.12.Whatwillbeimprovedabouttherescuers?A.Theskillsinmedicalhelp.B.Theabilitytobuildshelters.C.Theefficiencyofmunication.13.Whatwillthespeakersmostlikelydo?A.Lookatamap.B.Talkwiththechildren.C.Hikethroughthejungle.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdidthewomantakeuprecently?A.Goingcycling.B.Watchingbasketball.C.Playingtabletennis.15.Whatistheman’shobby?A.Photography.B.Painting.C.Exercising.16.WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Playbasketball.B.Haveasportsevent.C.Hostasingingcontest.17.Howoftendidthewomangojogginginthepast?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydoesthespeakergivethistalk?A.TodiscussEnglishlearningmethods.B.TogiveexamplesforEnglishlearning.C.Tosharesomethingaboutaccents.19.WhatpercentageofBritishspeakersspeakinRPaccordingtothelateststudies?A.Around3%.B.Around5%.C.Around40%.20.Whatdoesthespeakerofferatlast?A.AspecificrequestforEnglishlearners.B.Ausefulsolutiontothelanguageproblem.C.Moresupportforthepreviouspoint.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將選項(xiàng)涂黑。AIfyou’relookingfortheperfectactivitytodowithyourteens—tryboardgames!Herearethreeboardgamesforteensthatwillexercisetheirbrainsinamazingways.Hive(Ages:8andup)Hiveisconsideredaboardgame,exceptthereisnoboard.Aseachplayeraddspieces,theboardiscreated.Hiveeswitharulebookthatexplainswhateachpiececan/can’tdo.AbouttheGame:Asmoreandmorepiecesareadded,thegamebeesafighttoseewhocanbethefirsttocapturetheopposingQueenBee.Youcanbeequiteskilledsoonbecauseplayingthegameiseasy—eventhoughyouhavetobeonyourtoesthinkingthrougheachmove.Blokus(Ages:7andup)BlokusBoardGamereceivedaMensaawardforpromotinghealthybrainactivity.AbouttheGame:Thegoalofthisgameisfortheplayerstofitalloftheirpiecesontotheboard.Thepiececannotlienexttotheotherplayer’spieces.Butitmustbeplacedtouchingatleastonecorneroftheirpiecesalreadyontheboard.Theplayerwhogetsridofalloftheirtiles(棋子)firstisthewinner.Thegamecanberepeatedformorefamilyfun.Codenames(Ages:14andup)Codenamesisafamilygamefor48players.AbouttheGame:Therearetwoopposingspymasterswhoknowtheidentityof25agents.Theirteammatesknowtheagentsonlybytheircodenames.Spymastersgiveonewordcluesthatcanpointtomultiplewordsontheboard.Teammatestrytoguesswordswhileavoidingthosebelongingtotheopposingteam.Theteammanagingtocontactalltheiragentsfirstwinsthegame.1.WhatdoweknowaboutHive?AIthasnofixedplayingrule. B.Itneedsplayingexperience.C.Ithasareadymadeboard. D.Itrequirescautiousdecisions.2.WhatdoBlokusandCodenameshaveinmon?A.Theminimumageis7.B.Theyhavereceivedawards.C.Theyaresuitableforfamilyfun.D.Theyneedplayerstoguesswords.3.Whoisthetextprobablyintendedfor?A.Brilliantteens. B.Devotedparents.C.Experiencedplayers. D.Creativeinventors.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了三種適合青少年的棋盤(pán)游戲，它們將以驚人的方式鍛煉他們的大腦。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Hive”部分中的“Youcanbeequiteskilledsoonbecauseplayingthegameiseasy—eventhoughyouhavetobeonyourtoesthinkingthrougheachmove.(你很快就會(huì)變得相當(dāng)熟練，因?yàn)橥孢@個(gè)游戲很容易——盡管你必須時(shí)刻保持警惕，思考每一步棋。)”可知，這款游戲需要玩家時(shí)刻保持警惕，思考每一步棋。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Blokus”部分中的“Thegamecanberepeatedformorefamilyfun.(這個(gè)游戲可以重復(fù)進(jìn)行，以獲得更多的家庭樂(lè)趣。)”以及“Codenames”部分中的“Codenamesisafamilygamefor48players.(Codenames是一款適合48名玩家的家庭游戲。)”可知，這兩款游戲都適合家庭娛樂(lè)。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyou’relookingfortheperfectactivitytodowithyourteens—tryboardgames!Herearethreeboardgamesforteensthatwillexercisetheirbrainsinamazingways.(如果你正在為你的青少年尋找完美的活動(dòng)，那就試試棋盤(pán)游戲吧！這里有三種適合青少年的棋盤(pán)游戲，它們將以驚人的方式鍛煉他們的大腦。)”可知，這篇文章是寫(xiě)給父母的，幫助父母為自己的孩子選擇完美的活動(dòng)。故選B。BAt98,DickVanDykestillsingswithhisgroup,TheVantastix,andstillmakesitalllookeasy.Whenaskedhowimportantitisthathe’shavingfunwhenhe’sdoingit,VanDykereplied,“Mywholecareerhasreliedonthat.It’ssuchablessingtofindawayofmakingalivingthatyoulove.Ifeelsosorryforpeoplewhohatetheirjob.Ilookforwardtogoingtoworkeverymorning!”Andsomeofhisworkhelpeddefineageneration.Take“TheDickVanDykeShow”;itranforfiveyearsonCBS,anditwassuchahitthatthey’rebringingitback.Thisweek,CBSairedatwohourtribute(致敬),“DickVanDyke,98YearsofMagic”,andfortheoccasion,theyrecreatedtheoriginalDickVanDykeShow”set,downtothatwellknownsofa.EarlyinhiscareerVanDykewasquotedassayingheonlywantedtomakefilmshischildrencouldwatch.ThatgottheattentionofWaltDisney,whopromptlycasthimin“MaryPoppins”.Andhisnextfewfilmswereequallyfamilyfriendly,like“ChittyChittyBangBang,”whichhappenedtohavebeencowrittenbyJamesBondcreatorIanFleming.Fromthenon,VanDykewasalmostalwaysassignedtoplaythegoodguy,thoughheclaimstohavemissedoutonachoicepart:“Yeah,IcouldhavebeenJamesBond.WhenSeanConneryleft,theproducersaid,‘WouldyouliketobethenextBond?’Isaid,‘HaveyouheardmyBritishaccent?’That’satruestory!”Itseemsthatinshowbizthetruelegendsneverstop.Inaninterviewfrom2017withhisfriends,VanDykedescribedwhatitwaslikehitting90:“Peoplearemoreafraidofagingthantheyareofdeaththesedays.AndIwanttosaythatremainyounginheartandthere’salotofgoodlivingtodo.”4.WhatcanweinferfromDyke’sreplyinParagraph1?A.Heenjoyshisjob. B.Hehatesmorningwork.C.Heseeshisjobasaburden. D.Heprefersleisuretowork.5.WhatdidCBSdoforDyke?A.Theycreatedanewsetforhisshow.B.Theyboughtafamoussofaforhim.C.Theymadeaspecialprogramforhim.D.Theyinvitedyounggenerationtowatchhisshow.6.WhichstatementistrueaboutDyke’scareer?A.Hisfilmsarerarelyfamilyfriendly.B.Hisfilmsareonlymadeforhischildren.C.VanDykewasalwaysplayingthegoodguy.DVanDykehadthechancetoplayJamesBond.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ForeverYoung. B.WorkesFirst.C.AlwaysHaveFun. D.LegendsAreTimeless.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要描述了DickVanDyke的職業(yè)生涯和他對(duì)工作的態(tài)度，同時(shí)也提到了他的電視劇和電影作品?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenaskedhowimportantitisthathe’shavingfunwhenhe’sdoingit,VanDykereplied,“Mywholecareerhasreliedonthat.It’ssuchablessingtofindawayofmakingalivingthatyoulove.Ifeelsosorryforpeoplewhohatetheirjob.Ilookforwardtogoingtoworkeverymorning!”(當(dāng)被問(wèn)及在比賽中獲得樂(lè)趣有多重要時(shí)，VanDyke回答說(shuō)：“我的整個(gè)職業(yè)生涯都依賴(lài)于此。能找到一種自己喜歡的謀生方式是一種福氣。我為那些討厭自己工作的人感到難過(guò)。我每天早上都盼望著去上班！”)”可知，VanDyke很喜歡自己的工作。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thisweek,CBSairedatwohourtribute(致敬),“DickVanDyke,98YearsofMagic”,andfortheoccasion,theyrecreatedtheoriginalDickVanDykeShow”set,downtothatwellknownsofa.(本周，哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)播出了一個(gè)兩小時(shí)的致敬節(jié)目“DickVanDyke，98年的魔力”，為了這個(gè)場(chǎng)合，他們重現(xiàn)了“DickVanDyke秀”的原始場(chǎng)景，包括那張著名的沙發(fā)。)”可知，哥倫比亞廣播公司為他制作了一個(gè)特別節(jié)目。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Fromthenon,VanDykewasalmostalwaysassignedtoplaythegoodguy,thoughheclaimstohavemissedoutonachoicepart:“Yeah,IcouldhavebeenJamesBond.WhenSeanConneryleft,theproducersaid,‘WouldyouliketobethenextBond?’Isaid,‘HaveyouheardmyBritishaccent?’That’satruestory!”(從那以后，VanDyke幾乎總是被分配扮演好人，盡管他聲稱(chēng)自己錯(cuò)過(guò)了一個(gè)選擇角色：“是的，我本來(lái)可以演詹姆斯·邦德的。當(dāng)肖恩·康納利離開(kāi)時(shí)，制片人說(shuō)：‘你想成為下一個(gè)邦德嗎？’我說(shuō)，‘你聽(tīng)到我的英國(guó)口音了嗎？’這是一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事!”)”可知，VanDyke本有機(jī)會(huì)扮演詹姆斯·邦德的。故選D。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenaskedhowimportantitisthathe’shavingfunwhenhe’sdoingit,VanDykereplied,“Mywholecareerhasreliedonthat.It’ssuchablessingtofindawayofmakingalivingthatyoulove.Ifeelsosorryforpeoplewhohatetheirjob.Ilookforwardtogoingtoworkeverymorning!”(當(dāng)被問(wèn)及在比賽中獲得樂(lè)趣有多重要時(shí)，VanDyke回答說(shuō)：“我的整個(gè)職業(yè)生涯都依賴(lài)于此。能找到一種自己喜歡的謀生方式是一種福氣。我為那些討厭自己工作的人感到難過(guò)。我每天早上都盼望著去上班！”)”以及文章最后一段“Inaninterviewfrom2017withhisfriends,VanDykedescribedwhatitwaslikehitting90:“Peoplearemoreafraidofagingthantheyareofdeaththesedays.AndIwanttosaythatremainyounginheartandthere’salotofgoodlivingtodo.”(在2017年接受朋友采訪時(shí)，VanDyke描述了90歲的感覺(jué)：“現(xiàn)在人們更害怕衰老，而不是死亡。我想說(shuō)的是，保持年輕的心態(tài)，還有很多美好的生活要做。”)”可知，文章主要講述了VanDyke將自己的成功歸于獲得樂(lè)趣。故選C。CBeforehumansstoredmemoriesaszeroesundones,weturnedtodigitaldevicesofanotherkind—preservingknowledgeonthesurfaceoffingersandpalms.WhenMogaoCaveswasuncoveredin1900,anagingdrawingwasliftedfromatroveofreligiousmanuscripts.Thedrawingillustratesamnemonic(助記符號(hào))system,awayofprojectingknowledgeontothehandssoitcanbestudied,memorized,andstoredinapocket.Aroundthesametimethismnemonicwasmade,amonknamedBedehalfwayaroundtheworldwasdevelopingadifferentsystemofmanualknowledge.Thesetwosystemsareperhapstheearliestexamplesofmanualmnemonics.Beginningroughlytwelvehundredyearsago,westartedusingthehanditselfasaportable(便攜的)placeofknowledge,aplacetostorewhatevertendedtoslipourmentalgrasp.Thehandbecameanallpurposememorymachine.Indifferenttimesandplaces,handsprovidedmnemonicmapsofsound.Asearlyasthethirteenthcentury,Chinesescholarswereprojectingsyllablecharts(音節(jié)圖表)ontothepalmsandfingers.Thesocalled“Guidonianhand”owesitsnametotheeleventhcenturyItalianmusicteacher,Guidod’Arezzo.Arrangingthedifferentpitchesinascaleontothejoints,hedevelopedthistechniquetohelpstudentslearn“unheardmelodymosteasilyandcorrectly”.OtherthinkersinEurope,perhapsinspiredbyGuido,developedsystemsforlearningthesoundsoflanguage.Thenquestionsarise.First,whatmakesthehandsopopularasamnemonicprop?Alargepartoftheanswer,surely,involvesportability.Thehandsarealways,well,readytohand.Afurtheradvantagestemsfromhowhandmnemonicsofferbothvisualandkinesthetic(動(dòng)覺(jué)的)routestomemory:Theyarebothseenandfelt.It’salsohardtodeterminewhenandwhyhandmnemonicsfadedout.Handmnemonicsarestillusedtoteachthe“righthandrule”inphysicsclassroomsandremainespeciallypopularinmedicine.Today,weincreasinglystoreour“thoughts”invirtualrealms(領(lǐng)域),butwesometimesstillreachforthatoriginal“digital”repository(存儲(chǔ)庫(kù))inourpockets.8.Whatdowelearnaboutthetwoearliestexamplesofmnemonics?A.BedemadeahandmnemonicinMogaoCaves.B.Theyarethesamesystemofmanualknowledge.C.Thedrawingwasuncoveredonthefingersandpalms.D.ThedrawingfromMogaoCavesillustratesamnemonicsystem.9.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Humanhandsmappedsoundcharts.B.Humanhandsplayedaroleinsoundmnemonics.C.Guidohelpedhisstudentslearnunheardmelody.D.Scholarsprojectedsyllablechartsontothepalmsandfingers.10.Whydoesthehandgainpopularityasamnemonicprop?A.Thehandisalwaysavailableforuse.B.Thehandcanfeelwhatpeoplememorize.C.Fingerscaneasilybemarkedwithcharacters.D.Handmnemonicshelpmemorizevisiblethings.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofhandmnemonics?A.Positive. B.Pessimistic. C.Uncertain. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了手部助記法?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“WhenMogaoCaveswasuncoveredin1900,anagingdrawingwasliftedfromatroveofreligiousmanuscripts.Thedrawingillustratesamnemonic(助記符號(hào))system,awayofprojectingknowledgeontothehandssoitcanbestudied,memorized,andstoredinapocket.(1900年莫高窟被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)，一幅古老的圖畫(huà)從一批宗教手稿中被取出。這幅圖說(shuō)明了一種助記系統(tǒng)，一種將知識(shí)投射到手上的方法，這樣就可以學(xué)習(xí)、記憶和儲(chǔ)存在口袋里)”可知，莫高窟的這幅畫(huà)說(shuō)明了一種助記符號(hào)系統(tǒng)。故選D。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容及首句“Indifferenttimesandplaces,handsprovidedmnemonicmapsofsound.(在不同的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，手提供了聲音的記憶地圖)”可知，本段主要講述了手在聲音助記符號(hào)中發(fā)揮作用，故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“First,whatmakesthehandsopopularasamnemonicprop?Alargepartoftheanswer,surely,involvesportability.Thehandsarealways,well,readytohand.(首先，是什么讓手作為一種記憶道具如此受歡迎？當(dāng)然，答案的很大一部分與便攜性有關(guān)。手總是，嗯，準(zhǔn)備好了)”可知，手作為一種助記道具受歡迎是因?yàn)樗S時(shí)隨地都可以使用。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Handmnemonicsarestillusedtoteachthe‘righthandrule’inphysicsclassroomsandremainespeciallypopularinmedicine.Today,weincreasinglystoreour‘thoughts’invirtualrealms(領(lǐng)域),butwesometimesstillreachforthatoriginal‘digital’repository(存儲(chǔ)庫(kù))inourpockets.(在物理課堂上，手記法仍然被用來(lái)教授‘右手規(guī)則’，在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域尤其流行。今天，我們?cè)絹?lái)越多地將我們的‘思想’存儲(chǔ)在虛擬世界中，但有時(shí)我們?nèi)匀粫?huì)在口袋里找到原始的‘?dāng)?shù)字’存儲(chǔ)庫(kù))”可知，手部助記法在物理課堂以及醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域仍在使用，雖然我們?cè)絹?lái)越多地使用虛擬助記法，但有時(shí)仍會(huì)使用手部助記法。由此推知，作者對(duì)手部助記法的未來(lái)持積極態(tài)度。故選A。DInrecentyears,scientistshavediscoveredthatmushroomsaremuchmorethanjustatastyadditiontoyourfavoritedish.Infact,theyarethe“Internetoftrees”—avastnetworkofundergroundmycorrhizal(菌根的)fungi(真菌)thatconnectstreesandotherplantsinasimilarwaytohowtheInternetconnectspeople.Themycorrhizalnetworkismadeupofhyphae(菌絲),whichconnecttherootsofdifferentplantsandtrees.Thesehyphaeactlikeanundergroundinternet,allowingplantstoexchangenutrients,water,andevenhormones(激素).Forexample,ifonetreeisunderstressduetodroughtordisease,itcansendouthormonestowarnothernearbytreesofthedanger.Theothertreescanthenpreparethemselvesfortheingthreat.Humanbeingscanhelptreesandmushroomsbypracticing“mycorestoration”inregenerativeprojects.WiththeGlobalTreeInitiativeworkingtowardsreforestationandpreservingnaturalhabitats,itisimportanttosharehowmycorestorationcansupplyinnovativewaystomitigatetheimpactofhumanactivities.Fungiarenaturaldeposers(分解器)thatbreakdownplexorganicmatter,likedeadtrees,intosimplerpoundsthatcanbeabsorbedbyplants.Thisdepositionprocessiscrucialforthehealthofourforests,asitcontributestonutrientcycling,soilformation,andcarbonsequestration.Byintroducingnativefungispeciesintoareaswheredeforestationhasoccurred,wecanhelpregeneratesoilandsupportthegrowthofnewtrees.Fungiformsymbiotic(共生的)relationshipswithtreeroots,improvingtheirabilitytoabsorbwaterandnutrients.Thisincreasedaccesstoresourcesacceleratestreegrowthandimprovestheirresiliencetostress,suchasdroughtordisease.FosteringsustainablemunitiesthroughmycorestorationcanbeconductedthroughglobalpartnershipsthatpromoteecologywithinEcovillageDesignEducation.TheGlobalEcovillageNetwork’spresenceinfivecontinentsandinover8,000munitiesaroundtheplanet,helpstheregenerativeapproachtomunitybuildingandpreservationofexistingforests.Bypromotingsustainablelandmanagementpracticesandreducingourrelianceonextractiveindustries,ecovillagescanhelppreventdeforestationandprotectthehabitatsofcountlessplantandanimalspecies.12.The“Internetoftrees”canfunctionas________.A.Alinkerofhormones. B.Awarningofdanger.C.Adetectorofdiseases. D.Adestroyerofnutrients.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”mean?A.Assess. B.Increase. C.Relieve. D.Underestimate.14.Howdofungihelprestoredeforestation?A.Theyproducemorewaterandnutrients.B.Theyhelpformplexplantfriendlypounds.C.Theyacceleratetheprocessofcarbonsequestration.D.Theyhelpwithsoilregenerationandtreegrowth.15.WhatcanbeachievedthroughtheGlobalEcovillageNetwork?A.Promotingecologicaleducation.B.Preservingexistingforests.C.Buildingindependentmunities.D.Reducingrelianceonindustries.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了蘑菇在自然界中的重要性和作用，以及人類(lèi)如何通過(guò)實(shí)踐來(lái)幫助樹(shù)木和蘑菇，促進(jìn)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康和可持續(xù)發(fā)展?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Themycorrhizalnetworkismadeupofhyphae(菌絲),whichconnecttherootsofdifferentplantsandtrees.Thesehyphaeactlikeanundergroundinternet,allowingplantstoexchangenutrients,water,andevenhormones(激素).Forexample,ifonetreeisunderstressduetodroughtordisease,itcansendouthormonestowarnothernearbytreesofthedanger.Theothertreescanthenpreparethemselvesfortheingthreat.(菌根網(wǎng)絡(luò)由菌絲組成，菌絲連接著不同植物和樹(shù)木的根。這些菌絲就像一個(gè)地下網(wǎng)絡(luò)，允許植物交換營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)、水，甚至激素。例如，如果一棵樹(shù)由于干旱或疾病而受到壓力，它可以發(fā)出激素來(lái)警告附近的其他樹(shù)木有危險(xiǎn)。其他的樹(shù)可以為即將到來(lái)的威脅做好準(zhǔn)備。)”可知，菌根網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以發(fā)出激素來(lái)警告附近的其他樹(shù)木有危險(xiǎn)。其他的樹(shù)可以為即將到來(lái)的威脅做好準(zhǔn)備。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文的“WiththeGlobalTreeInitiativeworkingtowardsreforestationandpreservingnaturalhabitats(隨著全球樹(shù)木倡議致力于重新造林和保護(hù)自然棲息地)”可推測(cè)，分享真菌修復(fù)提供減輕、緩解人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的影響。因此劃線單詞的意思和“減輕、緩解”相似。選項(xiàng)A“Assess(評(píng)估)”；選項(xiàng)B“Increase(增加)”；選項(xiàng)C“Relieve(緩解)”；選項(xiàng)D“Underestimate(低估)”。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Fungiarenaturaldeposers(分解器)thatbreakdownplexorganicmatter,likedeadtrees,intosimplerpoundsthatcanbeabsorbedbyplants.Thisdepositionprocessiscrucialforthehealthofourforests,asitcontributestonutrientcycling,soilformation,andcarbonsequestration.Byintroducingnativefungispeciesintoareaswheredeforestationhasoccurred,wecanhelpregeneratesoilandsupportthegrowthofnewtrees.(真菌是天然的分解者，它能將復(fù)雜的有機(jī)物，如枯死的樹(shù)木，分解成可以被植物吸收的簡(jiǎn)單化合物。這一分解過(guò)程對(duì)森林的健康至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)樗兄陴B(yǎng)分循環(huán)、土壤形成和碳封存。通過(guò)將本地真菌物種引入森林砍伐發(fā)生的地區(qū)，我們可以幫助土壤再生并支持新樹(shù)木的生長(zhǎng)。)”可知，真菌有助于土壤的再生并支持樹(shù)木的生長(zhǎng)。故選D。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TheGlobalEcovillageNetwork’spresenceinfivecontinentsandinover8,000munitiesaroundtheplanet,helpstheregenerativeapproachtomunitybuildingandpreservationofexistingforests.Bypromotingsustainablelandmanagementpracticesandreducingourrelianceonextractiveindustries,ecovillagescanhelppreventdeforestationandprotectthehabitatsofcountlessplantandanimalspecies.(全球生態(tài)村網(wǎng)絡(luò)在五大洲和全球8000多個(gè)社區(qū)開(kāi)展業(yè)務(wù)，有助于社區(qū)建設(shè)和現(xiàn)有森林保護(hù)的再生方法。通過(guò)促進(jìn)可持續(xù)土地管理實(shí)踐和減少我們對(duì)采掘業(yè)的依賴(lài)，生態(tài)村可以幫助防止森林砍伐和保護(hù)無(wú)數(shù)動(dòng)植物物種的棲息地。)”可知，通過(guò)全球生態(tài)村網(wǎng)絡(luò)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)社區(qū)建設(shè)以及保護(hù)現(xiàn)有森林。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。BenefitsofPersonalityTestsCanidentifyingone’spersonalitytypeusingtheMBTIandotherpersonalityassessmentsreallyhelp?Theymay____16____BetterunderstandothersAftertakingapersonalitytestandseeingourresults,wecangainabetterunderstandingofallthedifferentperceptionsandreactionsthatothersmighthavetothesamesituation.____17____.Nopersonalitytypeis“better”thananyother—justdifferent.Eachperspectivebringssomethingnewandinterestingtothetable.IdentifyourlikesanddislikesMaybewe’vealwayshatedtalkingonthephonebutneverreallyunderstoodwhy.____18____.ByusingpersonalitytestsliketheMBTI,wecanlearnmoreaboutwherewelieontheextroversion/introversionandthinking/feelingcontinuum(連續(xù)性).Thishelpsusbetterunderstandwhyweprefercertainthingsanddislikeothers.____19____.Learningmoreaboutourpersonalitytypecanalsohelpusdiscovernewwaystoapproachchallenges.Knowingwhatmightworkbestforourpersonalitytypecangiveusnewideasonhowtosolveproblems,dealwithstress,copewithconflict,andmanageourworkhabits.RecognizeourstrengthsandweaknessesKnowingwhatwearegoodatcanbeimportantinawidevarietyofsituations,whetherwearepickingacollegemajororthinkingaboutrunningforaseatonourlocalschoolboard.Forexample,ifweknowthatweareanISTJ(introverted,sensing,thinking,andjudging)ontheMBTI,wemightrecognizethatcertainaspectsofourpersonalitymightqualifyasstrengthsinsomesituationsandweaknessesinothers.____20____,itcansometimestripusupinsituationswhereweneedtoletotherpeopletakecontrol.A.HoldontoideasaboutwhoweareB.KnowwhichsituationsareidealforusC.Here’sanoverviewofthemanybenefitsofpersonalitytestsD.WhiletheyrevealtruththatshowcasesdifferentaspectsofpersonalityE.WhileourorganizationalskillsandcarefulnesscanbeamajorstrengthinourworkF.ThisisimportantbecauseweallhavedifferentwaysofseeingandinteractingwiththeworldG.Orperhapswe’vealwaysneededmuchtimetothinkaboutaproblembeforemakingadecision【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.B20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了性格測(cè)試的好處?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Canidentifyingone’spersonalitytypeusingtheMBTIandotherpersonalityassessmentsreallyhelp?Theymay.(用MBTI和其他人格評(píng)估來(lái)識(shí)別一個(gè)人的人格類(lèi)型真的有幫助嗎？他們可能有幫助。)”可知，上文講述的是性格測(cè)試有好處。選項(xiàng)C“Here’sanoverviewofthemanybenefitsofpersonalitytests(以下是性格測(cè)試諸多好處的概述)”承接上文指出性格測(cè)試有好處，同時(shí)引出下文具體的好處。故選C。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Aftertakingapersonalitytestandseeingourresults,wecangainabetterunderstandingofallthedifferentperceptionsandreactionsthatothersmighthavetothesamesituation.(在進(jìn)行性格測(cè)試并看到我們的結(jié)果后，我們可以更好地理解其他人對(duì)相同情況的不同看法和反應(yīng)。)”可知，得知自己的性格后，我們可以更好地理解其他人對(duì)相同情況的不同看法和反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)F“Thisisimportantbecauseweallhavedifferentwaysofseeingandinteractingwiththeworld(這一點(diǎn)很重要，因?yàn)槲覀兌加胁煌目创澜绾团c世界互動(dòng)的方式)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出理解不同的人對(duì)相同情況有著不一樣的看法很重要。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Maybewe’vealwayshatedtalkingonthephonebutneverreallyunderstoodwhy.(也許我們總是討厭打，但從來(lái)沒(méi)有真正明白為什么。)”可知，我們并不明白自己討厭某件事的原因。選項(xiàng)G“Orperhapswe’vealwaysneededmuchtimetothinkaboutaproblembeforemakingadecision(或者也許我們?cè)谧鰶Q定之前總是需要很多時(shí)間來(lái)思考問(wèn)題)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的是我們也不明白為什么自己在做決定之前總是需要很多時(shí)間來(lái)思考問(wèn)題。故選G?！?9題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Learningmoreaboutourpersonalitytypecanalsohelpusdiscovernewwaystoapproachchallenges.Knowingwhatmightworkbestforourpersonalitytypecangiveusnewideasonhowtosolveproblems,dealwithstress,copewithconflict,andmanageourworkhabits.(更多地了解我們的性格類(lèi)型也可以幫助我們找到應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的新方法。知道什么最適合我們的性格類(lèi)型，可以給我們解決問(wèn)題、處理壓力、處理沖突和管理工作習(xí)慣的新思路。)”可知，本段講述的是了解自己的性格類(lèi)型可以幫助我們找到應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的新方法，從而了解什么是最適合我們的。選項(xiàng)B“Knowwhichsituationsareidealforus(知道哪些情況對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是最理想的)”正是本段內(nèi)容的綜述。故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Forexample,ifweknowthatweareanISTJ(introverted,sensing,thinking,andjudging)ontheMBTI,wemightrecognizethatcertainaspectsofourpersonalitymightqualifyasstrengthsinsomesituationsandweaknessesinothers.(例如，如果我們知道自己在MBTI測(cè)試中屬于ISTJ型(內(nèi)向、敏感、思考和判斷)，我們可能會(huì)意識(shí)到我們性格的某些方面在某些情況下可能是優(yōu)勢(shì)，而在另一些情況下可能是劣勢(shì)。)”可知，上文講述的是我們性格的某些方面在某些情況下可能是優(yōu)勢(shì)，而在其他情況下則可能是劣勢(shì)。而空后內(nèi)容“itcansometimestripusupinsituationswhereweneedtoletotherpeopletakecontrol.(它有時(shí)會(huì)在我們需要讓別人控制的情況下絆倒我們。)”指的是劣勢(shì)，由此可推斷，空處指的應(yīng)該是優(yōu)勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)E“Whileourorganizationalskillsandcarefulnesscanbeamajorstrengthinourwork(雖然我們的組織能力和細(xì)心是我們工作中的一大優(yōu)勢(shì))”指出組織能力和細(xì)心是我們工作中的一大優(yōu)勢(shì)，與下文內(nèi)容邏輯一致，指出這樣的優(yōu)勢(shì)在某些情況下會(huì)成為劣勢(shì)。故選E。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Inmy30s,Idecidedtolearntorideabike.WhenIwasyoung,Ihadnoonetoteachme.MymomremarriedafterdivorcewhenIwas6.IrememberedIwas____21____becauseIwastheonlykidover6whostillreliedontrainingwheels.Thenmystepdadremovedthem,butindoingthat,Ilostinterestand____22____intheactivity.IwasworriedI’dfalloff.Notknowinghowtoridedidn’t____23____meinitially,untilwemovedtothesuburbswhenIwas12yearsold,wherebicycleswere____24____.On____25____totheconveniencestoretobuycandywithmyfriends,Iwasalwaysthelasttoarrive,onfoot.Inmyearly30s,Irememberfeeling____26____asIwatchedyoungchildrenlearnto____27____onbikes.Amongthemweremyneighbors,whomIwouldoccasionally____28____.Thensomethingchanged.Thefearwithinwasstillthere,butsomethingmuchstrongerwas____29____.Idecidedtojoinawomen’sbikeridingworkshop.There,Istoodinanurbanpark,determinedtooveremy_____30_____.Meetingwomenfromdiversebackgrounds,allseekingcyclingskillsforvariousreasons,strengthenedmy_____31_____.Beforelong,Iwasriding_____32_____._____33_____thejoyofriding,Iboughtmyownbike,notjustforgettingaroundbutto_____34_____losttimeback.Itwasn’tsimplyabike;itrepresenteda(n)_____35_____Imissedearlier.Ipletelyengagedmyselfintheexperience,enjoyingthesceneryandthebreezeonmyface.21.A.stuck B.teased C.cheated D.misunderstood22.A.trust B.ability C.strength D.ambition23.A.confuse B.please C.surprise D.bother24.A.rare B.popular C.forbidden D.limited25.A.trips B.hikes C.adventures D.bikes26.A.fortunate B.confused C.annoyed D.envious27.A.improve B.wave C.balance D.perform28.A.observe B.coach C.babysit D.criticize29.A.takingover B.workingout C.goingoff D.steppingaside30.A.embarrassment B.fear C.disappointment D.tiredness31.A.connection B.exchange C.mitment D.determination32.A.slowly B.nervously C.pletely D.confidently33.A.Assessing B.Clarifying C.Embracing D.Casting34.A.claim B.hold C.give D.fight35.A.lesson B.chance C.mission D.training【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.D27.C28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者在30多歲時(shí)克服恐懼重新學(xué)習(xí)騎自行車(chē)的經(jīng)歷和感悟?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得我被嘲笑過(guò)，因?yàn)槲沂俏ㄒ灰粋€(gè)6歲以上還依賴(lài)輔助輪的孩子。A.stuck卡?。籅.teased嘲笑；C.cheated欺騙；D.misunderstood誤解。根據(jù)后文“becauseIwastheonlykidover6whostil