2024年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)主題詞匯專題19 科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新（二）

話題十九科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新（二）第一部分話題詞匯積累單詞&短語(yǔ)1._____________vt.加速；加快2._____________v.獲得，得到；購(gòu)得；養(yǎng)成(習(xí)慣)3._____________vv.進(jìn)展；進(jìn)步n.進(jìn)展；進(jìn)步；前進(jìn)4._____________vn.優(yōu)點(diǎn)，好處；優(yōu)勢(shì)；有利條件5._____________vt.做廣告；宣傳；征聘；公告6._____________vn.軼事，趣聞；傳聞7._____________vv.簽字n.符號(hào)；手勢(shì)；跡象；指示牌8._____________vn.重大進(jìn)展；突破9._____________vn.廣播，電視節(jié)目；vt.廣播；播送；傳播10._____________vt.計(jì)算，核算；推測(cè)；預(yù)測(cè)11._____________n.目錄；目錄簿；一連串(壞事)12._____________n.挑戰(zhàn)；艱巨任務(wù)；(比賽等的)邀請(qǐng)13._____________vt.點(diǎn)擊；使發(fā)出咔嗒聲；豁然開朗14._____________n.克隆動(dòng)物(或植物);復(fù)制品15._____________n.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)；資料庫(kù)16._____________n.&v.爭(zhēng)論，辯論，討論17._____________vt.刪去；刪除18._____________vt.打擾；擾亂；攪亂；使心神不寧19._____________v.下載n.已下載的數(shù)據(jù)資料20._____________adj.電子的；電子器件的；電子設(shè)備的21._____________n.實(shí)驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)；嘗試；實(shí)踐22._____________vt.探索；勘查；考察；探索；探討23._____________vt.揭露；揭開；使暴露；使顯露24._____________vt.把……分開；分割；劃分；隔開25._____________vt.插入；嵌入；(在文章中)添加；加插26._____________adj.智能的；聰慧的；有才智的27._____________adj.移動(dòng)的；走動(dòng)方便的；流動(dòng)的28._____________v.預(yù)言；預(yù)示；預(yù)報(bào)29._____________n.火箭；火箭彈；焰火；煙花30._____________adj.科學(xué)的；關(guān)于科學(xué)的；細(xì)致嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?1._____________n.技術(shù)；科技；技術(shù)性機(jī)器32._____________n.&vt.移植；移栽；移種；使遷移33._____________vt.更新；使現(xiàn)代化；為……提供最新信息34.在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)__________________________35.onschedule__________________________36.insearchof__________________________37.就座__________________________38.安全感__________________________39.seetoitthat..__________________________40.抓著某人的胳膊__________________________41..派人去叫醫(yī)生__________________________42.常識(shí)__________________________43.有道理，講得通__________________________44.thereisnosenseindoingsth.__________________________45.besensitiveto.__________________________46.被判死刑__________________________47.一系列的__________________________48.認(rèn)真對(duì)待某人/某事__________________________49.充當(dāng)__________________________50.atsb.'sservice__________________________51.開始著手做……__________________________52.讓人感到羞愧的是__________________________53.缺乏__________________________54.inallrespects/aspects/fromallsides__________________________55.不管；盡管__________________________56.不遺余力__________________________57.贊揚(yáng)__________________________58.談到；提及__________________________59.凝視__________________________60.outofstock/instock__________________________61.advertisingsigns__________________________62.advertiseforsth.__________________________63.artificialintelligence__________________________64.beaddictedto__________________________65.bythismeans__________________________詞匯拓展1.signn.跡象；征兆；預(yù)兆；招牌；標(biāo)牌；指示牌；標(biāo)志；示意的動(dòng)作(或聲音);手勢(shì)v.簽(名);署(名);簽字；簽署；和……簽約(或應(yīng)聘);示意；打手勢(shì)There'sno______________ofrain.沒有下雨的跡象。The_____________onthewallsaid"Nowwashyourhands".墻上的牌子上寫著“現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)洗手”。Shenoddedasa_____________forustositdown.她點(diǎn)頭示意我們坐下。Thehotelmanager_____________totheportertopickupmycase.旅館經(jīng)理示意行李工替我拿箱子。Hesawthesong'spotential,andpersuadedthecompanyto_____________herup.他看到了這首歌的潛力，就說服公司和她簽約?！颈嫖觥縮ign,signal,symbol,mark的區(qū)別sign指人們公認(rèn)的事物的記號(hào)、標(biāo)志，也可指某種情況的跡象。signal指為某一目的而有意發(fā)出的信號(hào)、暗號(hào)。symbol指有象征意義的或表達(dá)某種深邃含義的特殊事物。mark既可指方便于辨認(rèn)而有意做的標(biāo)記，又可指自然形成的標(biāo)記或有別于其他事物的特征。Whentheyfoundtheshipwassinking,theyimmediatelysentouttheemergencysignalSOS.當(dāng)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)船正在下沉的時(shí)候，他們立刻發(fā)出了SOS緊急求救信號(hào)。Adoveisoftenusedasasymbolofpeace.鴿子常被作為和平的象征。Hemadesomemarksinthearticlewhere(itwas)necessary.他在文中必要的地方做了一些記號(hào)。2.separateadj.單獨(dú)的；獨(dú)立的；分開的；不同的；不相關(guān)的v.(使)分開，分離；分割；劃分；(使)分離，分散；隔開；阻隔We'dbetter_____________thegoodonesfromthebadones.我們最好把好的和壞的分開。Theywantto_____________teachingfromresearch.他們想把教學(xué)和研究分開。Shedoesn'twanttobe_____________fromhim.她不想和他分開。Thebranchhas_____________fromthetrunkofthetree.這個(gè)樹枝已從樹干上脫落了。【辨異】separate,divide的區(qū)別separate通常指把原來(lái)連在一起或靠近的東西分隔開來(lái)，其后常接介詞from。divide通常指把整體分為若干部分(有時(shí)含平均劃分之意),其后常接介詞into。Ayearisdividedintofourseasons.一年分為四季。Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.團(tuán)結(jié)則存，分裂則亡?；顚W(xué)活用一、閱讀下列句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)單詞或用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Theriverseparatesthisvillage_____________thatone.2.It'saninteresting_____________(science)phenomenon,butofnopracticalusewhatever.3.Beforehecouldrunaway,sheseizedhimby_____________collar.4.Ihavejustgivenyou20verypracticalwaysto_____________(sharp)yourmind.5.Thecarcrashedintoabusonthebridge,andthedriverwaskilled_____________thespot.二、翻譯句子1.IfIhadnoticedthewarningsigns,noneofthiswouldhavehappened._______________________________________________________________2.Theseaudiencesmusthavemissedwatchingtheirmusicperformance,otherwise,theywouldspeakhighlyofit._______________________________________________________________3.他自薦當(dāng)我們商場(chǎng)的經(jīng)理。(serveas)_______________________________________________________________4.人家托你的事，你別不在意。(take...seriously)_______________________________________________________________第二部分話題閱讀訓(xùn)練（A）閱讀理解Roboticsurgeryisonething,butsendingarobotinsidethebodytocarryoutanoperationquiteanother,whichhaslongbeenagoalofsomeresearcherstoproducetinyroboticdevicesbeingcapableoftravelingthroughthebodytodeliverdrugsortomakerepairswithouttheneedforasinglecut,thepossibilityofwhichhasjustgotabitcloser.However,unliketheplotofonefilm—whichfeaturedamicroscopiccrewandsubmarinetravelingthroughascientist’sbloodstream—thisdevicecouldnotbeinsertedintobloodvessels（管）becauseitistoobig.Whileothertypesofminiatureswallowablerobotshavebeendevelopedinthepast,theirrolehasmostlybeenlimitedtocapturingimagesinsidethebody.InapresentationthisweektotheInternationalConference,DanielaRusandShuheiMiyashitaoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydescribedarobottheyhavedevelopedthatcanbeswallowedandusedtocollectdangerousobjectsaccidentallytakenin.Totesttheirlatestversion,DrRusandDrMiyashitadesignedarobotasabatteryhunter,whichmightseemtobeanoddtask,butmorethan3,500peopleinAmericaalone,mostofthemchildren,swallowthetinybuttoncellsusedinsmallelectronicdevicesbyaccidenteveryyear.Tostartwith,theresearcherscreatedanartificialesophagus（食道）andstomachmadeoutofsilicone(硅膠).Itwascloselymodeledonthatfoundinapigandfilledwithmedicalliquid;therobotitselfismadefromseverallayersofdifferentmaterials,includingpigintestine（腸）,andcontainsalittlemagnet.Thisisfoldedupandencasedina10mm×27mmcapsuleofice.Oncethisreachesthestomachtheicemeltsandtherobotunfoldswhichismovedandguidedwiththeuseofamagneticfieldoutsidethebody.Intheirtests,therobotwasabletotouchabuttonbatteryanddrawitwithitsownmagnet,andduringdraggingitalong,therobotcouldthenbedirectedtowardstheintestineswhereitwouldeventuallybegottenridofthroughtheanus(肛門).Afterit,theresearcherssentinanotherrobotloadedwithmedicationtodeliverittothesiteofthebatteryburntospeeduphealing.Theartificialstomachbeingtransparentononeside,theresearcherswereabletoseethebatteriesandvisuallycontroltherobots.Ifnot,thatwillrequirehelpwiththehelpfromimagingsystem,whichwillbeabitmoreofachallenge,butDrRusandDrMiyashitaaredeterminedtosucceed.4．Accordingtothepassage,therobotoperationwillprobablybeableto_________.A．travelthroughascientist’sbloodstreamB．enterthebodytodeliverdrugsormakerepairsC．photographthebodytoconveytothedoctorD．operateonapersonoutsidethebodycompletely5．WelearnfromParagraph3that_________.A．theresearchersdidtheexperimentonachosenanimalB．theactualsizeoftherobotmaybelargerthanthecapsuleoficeC．digestingtheswallowedbatteriesisdifficultforchildrenD．therobottooknecessarydrugsbesidesalittlemagnet6．Whatmaytheexperimentmeantothemedicalworld?A．Fewerchildrenwillswallowthebuttoncells.B．Arobotwillbeinventedtravellingbloodvessels.C．Thesurgerieswillcostpatientsmuchmoney.D．Patientswillsufferlessforsomesurgeries.7．Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A．TheFantasticRoboticVoyage B．TheExplorationofRobotTechnologyC．TinyRobot,SignificantRole D．AnExperimentonRobot（B）完形填空EarlyonSaturdaymorning,parentsandviewerswalkedinalineintothegymattheEinsteAcademy,aschoolinIllinoisintheUS.Afterthecoach21hisopeningspeecheveryone22fortheUS'snationalsong.Afterthesong,judgesdressedinblackandwhiteshirttookuptheir23outsidetheplayingfield,readyforthegamestobegin.WhilethissoundslikethetypicalsettingofaUSsportingevent,thisonehadahigh-techtwist,wasacompetitiverobotics24—agamethatturnsthesubjectsofscience,technology,engineerinandmathematicsintoacompetitivesport.25bycoaches,teamsofstudentsingrade7through12whodesigned,builtandprogrammotheirownrobotscompetedagainstotherroboticsteamsintheWestSuburbanLeagueNorthDivisiontheFIRSTTechChallenge(FTC).“Moststudentsexperiencemultiple-choicequestions.”saidJonathanWeiland,whoworksfFIRSTTechChallengeinIllinois.“InFTC,therearehundredsofsolutionstoaproblemandtheyseewhichsolution26thebest.”“Foundedbyanot-for-profitorganization,FIRST(ForInspirationandRecognitionofScienceaiTechnology)eventsaremodeledaftertraditionalsportslikebasketballtogenerate27inrobotic,”Weilandsaid.FIRSTTechChallengeisoneoffourFIRSTprograms.DuringaFIRSTTechChallenge,Roboticsteamseither28aroboticskit(配套組件),adjustingandupgradingtheirdesign,orcustombuild(專門制作)arobotusing29materials,recordingtheprogressinengineeringnotebooks.Theroboticsteamscompeteingameswithinaleague,gettingpointsthroughouttheseason30anationalandevenglobalcompetitions.Thereare35teamsintheWestSurburbanLeagnNorthDivisionandonlyeightwillgotothestate,Weilandsaid.Teamsearnawardsbasedontherobot’s31,designandotheraccomplishments.“Judges32pairtworoboticsteamstoformagroupthatcompetesagainsttwootherteams.Withmultiplegamesplayedbyallteamsateachmeet,acompetitorinonegamemightbea33inthenext,”Weilandsaid.Studentsaretaughttohelpeachotheratalltimesandto34theotherteam,hesaid.“Oneofthebestthingsyoucandowithyour35istosharesomethingwithsomeoneelse,”studentsaid.“It'sfunbeingonthejourneywiththem.”21．A．delivered B．wrote C．reviewed D．corrected22．A．sent B．called C．a(chǎn)pplied D．rose23．A．references B．notebooks C．positions D．responsibilities24．A．meet B．example C．design D．creation25．A．Blamed B．Guided C．Warned D．Praised26．A．switches B．responds C．a(chǎn)ppears D．works27．A．disappointment B．violence C．excitement D．power28．A．purchase B．damage C．throw D．store29．A．political B．industrial C．financial D．a(chǎn)gricultural30．A．bringup B．turnin C．stickto D．qualifyfor31．A．model B．material C．performance D．location32．A．hopefully B．randomly C．skillfully D．a(chǎn)ctively33．A．coach B．judge C．roommate D．teammate34．A．discourage B．beat C．greet D．join35．A．intelligence B．right C．life D．hobby（C）七選五TopusesofsmartphonesTodayapproximately3.5billionpeopleownsmartphonesallovertheworld.Inthisarticle,weexplorewhatweuseoursmartphonesfor.16．Mostwebsitestodayaremobile-friendly,whiletherearealsomobileappsthatyoucanusetobuyeverythingfromclothestohouseholditemsandmore.Becauseit'sfareasierandmoreconvenienttomakeapurchaseonline,agreatpercentageofpeopleorderfromonlinesites.Infact,mostusersprefertobeabletocompareandlearnaboutdifferentitemsontheirphones.Hence,ifanyoneislookingtobuildanonlinebrand,itiscertainlyimportanttodevelopamobile-friendlysitefortheultimateonlineshoppingexperience.17．.

SocialMediaUsageSocialmediasitesbecameago-tositeformanyusersthatspendtimeontheirmobi