高考英語大二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解專題突破練3-人教版高三英語試題

閱讀理解專題突破練3第一節(jié)A體裁:應(yīng)用文詞數(shù):285用時(shí):6分鐘(2017重慶西北狼教育聯(lián)盟第一期聯(lián)考)EFPCoursesprovidecoursesinEnglishlanguageandBritishculture.Ourcoursesareaimedatstudentsagedbetween12and17whoareatpre-intermediateleveloraboveinEnglish.ThecoursesareheldinGuildford,ahistorictownnearLondon.Typicalstructureofaone-weekcourse?upto25hoursofEnglishrunbynativespeakers,qualifiedinteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguageandspecialistdramateachers?2full-daysightseeingtripstoLondonandOxford(atweekends)?fullboard(全食宿)withlocal,English-speakingfamiliesWhenwerunthecoursesEFPcoursescanbeorganizedonlyduringBritishstateschoolterms.Forthisacademicyear,coursescanbebookedbetweennowand23Mayandbetween30Mayand30June.Wewelcomeyoutobookfrom3Septemberto25Octoberandfrom31Octoberto20December.WhychooseEFPcourses?inadditiontoourstandardEnglishclasses,wealsorundramaandexpressionEnglishclasses,taughtbyspecialistdramateachers?weexposeourstudentstoBritishculturefortheentirelengthofthecourse?wetailorcoursestoeachgroup’sneeds,creatingauniqueexperienceforourstudents.Notethatanychangestoourcoursesaremadewithinreasonandonlyifallparticipantsfromagroupsharethesamelanguagelevel.Pleaseseefurtherdetailsonourwebsite.LengthofacourseEFPcoursesrunforeitheroneortwoweeksdependingonthespecificrequirementsforyourgroup.HowtoapplyPleaseregisteryourinterestbysendinganemail.Bycontactingusbeforeyoumakeanytravelarrangementsyouensurethatwecanputyourgrouponthedatesthatyourequire.SeeyouinGuildfordsoon!【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇廣告類應(yīng)用文,介紹了EFP課程的內(nèi)容、對象、課時(shí)安排、授課時(shí)長、申請方法等信息。1.WhatdoestheleaflettellusaboutEFPcourses?A.TheirtargetstudentsareteenagersofallEnglishlevels.B.Everyindividualparticipantissuppliedwithtailoredlanguagesupport.C.TheyinvolvestudentsinBritishcultureactivitiesduringthewholecourse.D.TheyareavailableontheschoolcampusesinLondonandOxford.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhychooseEFPcourses”下面的第二點(diǎn)可知EFP課程全程讓學(xué)生接觸英國文化,故C項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)第一段的第二句可知,學(xué)員的英語水平須在預(yù)備中級及以上,而不是針對所有英語水平的人,故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)“WhychooseEFPcourses”下面的“wetailorcoursestoeachgroup’sneeds”可知,B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第一段的第三句“ThecoursesareheldinGuildford,ahistorictownnearLondon.”可知,該課程的授課地點(diǎn)為倫敦近郊的歷史古鎮(zhèn)Guildford,故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。2.SupposeyouaretotakeEFPcoursesthisacademicyear,youcan.

A.makeareservationfromOctober31toDecember20B.enjoyaspecialseriesoflessonsforawholeschooltermC.experienceEnglishdramaswithEnglish-speakingfamiliesD.handinanapplicationbyvisitingtheirwebsite答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenwerunthecourses”下面的“Wewelcomeyoutobookfrom3Septemberto25Octoberandfrom31Octoberto20December.”可知,本學(xué)年的預(yù)訂時(shí)間為9月3日到10月25日和10月31日到12月20日,故A項(xiàng)正確。3.Thepurposeofthiswritingisto.

A.attractqualifiedteacherstoEFPcoursesB.illustratetheimportanceofEFPcoursesC.demonstratethepopularityofEFPcoursesD.offergroupstudentsaccesstoEFPcourses答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段尤其是第一、二句“EFPCoursesprovidecoursesinEnglishlanguageandBritishculture.Ourcoursesareaimedatstudentsagedbetween12and17whoareatpre-intermediateleveloraboveinEnglish.”可知,本文旨在面向12到17歲的青少年學(xué)生推廣EFP課程,故D項(xiàng)正確。B體裁:說明文詞數(shù):295用時(shí):7分鐘(2018四川成都畢業(yè)班摸底測試)TheScottishcomposerEvelynGlennielostnearlyallherhearingasayounggirl,yetwentontoaverysuccessfulcareerinmusicincludingwinningGrammyAwards.Whensomebodyasksher,“Howdoyouhear?”Sheresponds,“Howdoyouhear?Isitonlywithyourears?”ForGlennie,andforustoo,listeningisnotonlyhearing,butisunderstanding.Weneedtolistentowhatissaidandunsaid,andalsohowitissaid.It’simportanttohearwhatpeoplesayaccurately.AsMarkTwainsaid,“Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmostrightwordisthedifferencebetweenlightningandthelightningbug(螢火蟲).”Ifyoumisssomethingoryou’renotsureyou’veheardaccurately,askthespeakers.Atthispointyou’renotevaluatingwhattheysay,butjustlookingforaccuracyandunderstanding.Herearesomewaystogetclearaboutwhattheysayanddon’tsay.Whyaretheysayingthisnow,insteadofsoonerorlater?Whyaretheyemphasizingthesepoints,insteadofsomethingelse?Listentohowitissaid.Peoplesendsignalsaboutwhattheymeanwiththeirvoicesandbodylanguagethatsometimesdifferfromthewordstheysay.Whilegoingthroughthenextpoints,thinkaboutsomeonewhoserealmeaningyoumightsometimesmiss,andseeifanyofthesesignalsmightcomeup.First,voices.Whenothersspeak,noticechangesintheirvolume,pace,andtone.Second,bodylanguage.Noticegestures,eyecontact,andfacialexpressions.Dothesesyncwhattheyaresaying,ordotheytelladifferentstory?Third,emotions.Whatistheperson’struefeeling?Nowyoumightnotknowforsure,butbeconsiderate,opentounderstanding,andaskthoughtfulquestions.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文講述了聆聽的內(nèi)涵。我們要聽懂說話人想要表達(dá)的言外之意,并且要注意說話的方式。4.What’sthewriter’spurposeofmentioningEvelynGlennie?A.Togiveanexampleofwisewords.B.Tointroduceaworld-famousmusician.C.Tohelpexplainthemeaningoflistening.D.Toencourageustofightagainstdisability.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ForGlennie,andforustoo,listeningisnotonlyhearing,butisunderstanding.”可知,對于Glennie以及“我們”來說,聆聽不僅是用耳朵聽而且是理解,這里說明了聆聽的內(nèi)涵。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。5.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatMarkTwainsaid?A.ItisimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishwords.B.Peopleshouldknowwordscanbeusedinmanydifferentways.C.Englishisaverycomplicatedlanguagewithalargevocabulary.D.Theslightdifferencebetweenwordsmayresultinmisunderstanding.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“It’simportanttohearwhatpeoplesayaccurately”和“Atthispointyou’renotevaluatingwhattheysay,butjustlookingforaccuracyandunderstanding.”可知,準(zhǔn)確聽懂說話者的意思很重要。因此,選項(xiàng)D“詞語的細(xì)微差異可能導(dǎo)致誤解”與MarkTwain所說的話意思相吻合。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sync”probablymean?A.Match.B.Prove.C.Describe. D.Analyze.答案A解析詞義猜測題。畫線詞前的修飾詞these指代前一句中的“gestures,eyecontact,andfacialexpressions”;再根據(jù)畫線詞后的“whattheyaresaying,ordotheytelladifferentstory”可推斷,match與畫線詞意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。7.Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.SpeakWhileYouListen B.ListenBeyondWordsC.ReadBetweenLines D.ThinkAsYouTalk答案B解析主旨大意題。本文主要說明通過觀察說話人的說話方式來聽懂說話人想表達(dá)的言外之意。所以選B項(xiàng)。C體裁:說明文詞數(shù):321用時(shí):7分鐘Persuasionistheartofconvincingsomeonetoagreewithyou.AccordingtotheancientGreeks,therearethreebasictoolsofpersuasion:ethos,pathos,andlogos.Ethosisaspeaker’swayofconvincingtheaudiencethatsheistrustworthy,honestandreliable.Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaininghowmuchexperienceoreducationshehasinthefield.Afterall,you’remorelikelytolistentoadviceabouthowtotakecareofyourteethfromadentistthanafireman.Aspeakercanalsocreateethosbyconvincingtheaudiencethatsheisagoodperson.Ifanaudiencecannottrustyou,youwillnotbeabletopersuadethem.Pathosisaspeaker’swayofconnectinghimselfwithanaudience’semotions.Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvinceanaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfromaterriblewar.Thesewordsareintendedtofilltheaudiencewithfear,thusmakingthemsupporthim.Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowanaudiencepicturesofinjureddogsandcats,tomaketheviewersfeelpity.Iftheaudiencefeelsbadabouttheanimals,theywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.Logosistheuseoffacts,statistics,orotherevidencetosupportyourargument.Anaudiencewillbemorelikelytobelieveyouifyouhaveconvincingdatatobackupyourclaims.Presentingthisevidenceismuchmorepersuasivethansimplysaying“believeme”.Althoughethos,pathos,andlogosallhavetheirstrengths,theyareoftenmosteffectivewhenusedtogether.Indeed,mostspeakersuseacombinationofethos,pathos,andlogostopersuadetheiraudiences.So,nexttimeyoulistentoaspeech,watchacommercial,orlistentoafriendtryingtoconvinceyoutolendhimsomemoney,beonthelookoutfortheseancientGreektoolsofpersuasion.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了古希臘人提出的說服別人的三個(gè)基本工具:個(gè)人氣質(zhì)、感染力和理性。在演講或試圖說服別人時(shí),綜合使用這三個(gè)工具,你將快速提高說服別人的能力。8.Whydoestheauthorsaypersuasionisanart?A.Itentertainstheaudience. B.Itrequiresgreatskilltoachieve.C.Itdemandsfullattentionfromtheaudience. D.ItisallcommontopicsofancientGreekwriters.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段及最后一段的第二句可知,說服別人一般要使用個(gè)人氣質(zhì)、感染力和理性這三個(gè)工具,三者結(jié)合起來使用可以產(chǎn)生更好的效果;據(jù)此可知,說服別人需要很高的技巧,因此是一門藝術(shù)。9.Howisaspeakerabletoshowherethostotheaudience?A.Byexpressinghersympathywiththeaudience.B.Bytellingtheaudienceaboutherpersonalpreference.C.Byusingbeautifullanguagetomakeherstatementsattractive.D.Byshowingherknowledgeandexperiencerelatingtothetopic.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaininghowmuchexperienceoreducationshehasinthefield.”可知,講話人向聽眾展現(xiàn)個(gè)人氣質(zhì)的常見方法是展示自己在這一話題上的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn),故D項(xiàng)正確。10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreemethodsofpersuasion?A.Ethosisthemostimportantmethodofpersuasion.B.Eachmethodhasadifferenteffectontheaudience.C.Honestyisthekeytomakingyourargumentsbelievable.D.Politicalleadersmostlyusepathostopersuadetheiraudiences.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Althoughethos,pathos,andlogosallhavetheirstrengths...topersuadetheiraudiences.”可知,盡管個(gè)人氣質(zhì)、感染力和理性各有優(yōu)勢,但是只有綜合使用時(shí)才能發(fā)揮最大的作用,故B項(xiàng)正確。11.Anadvertisementforwashingpowderwhichclaimsthat“scientifictestsshowthatourpowderkills95%ofallbacteria”ismainlyusing.

A.ethos B.pathosC.logos D.acombinationofallthree答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Logosistheuseoffacts,statistics,orotherevidencetosupportyourargument.”可知,理性是使用事實(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)或其他證據(jù)來支持你的觀點(diǎn);題干中的廣告聲稱科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)表明該洗衣粉可以殺死95%的細(xì)菌。據(jù)此可知,該廣告使用了理性的論證方法,故C項(xiàng)正確。D體裁:說明文詞數(shù):320用時(shí):8分鐘(2017四川綿陽第二次診斷性考試)Hehadmorethan160reportsasareporterontheMetrodeskandmorethan170in19monthsasanationaljournalistbasedinKansasCity,Mo.ButperhapsthemostimportantpieceofwritingthatA.G.SulzbergerdidforTheNewYorkTimesbeforeWednesday—whenhewasnameddeputypublisher—wasnotanarticleandwasnotpublishedinTheTimes,butwasallaboutTheTimes.Thatworkcametobeknownasthe“innovation(創(chuàng)新)report”,whichzeroedinontheimportanceofadigitalfutureforthenewspaperhisfamilyhasownedsince1896andsaidTheTimesriskedlosingitsleadingplaceifitdidnotmakesweepingchanges.InaconversationinhisofficeonWednesday,Mr.Sulzbergersaidhesawtheinnovationreportandthethinkingthatledtohisconclusionsas“awake-upcalltothenewsroomthatwewereatriskofmissingthemoment”.“Itwasalwayseasytoseehowchangeswillendangerthetraditionsoftheplace,”hesaid,“butwhatbecamereallycleartomewasnotchangingwasthemoredangerouscourseifwecaredaboutthetraditionsoftheplace.”Unlikesomeoftheformerdeputypublishersinhisrole,Mr.Sulzbergerhasbeenmoreexperiencedinthenewsroomthaninadvertisingorconsumermarketing.Still,hiscolleaguesdescribedhimasaquickstudywhosemodestymaskeddeepinnerconfidence.Besides,inthenewsroomoroutonanassignment,Mr.SulzbergerdidnotshowoffhisconnectiontoTheTimes’owners.“Irecognizedthename,”saidVincentBova,avideoeditorwhofiguredinafeaturearticlethatMr.Sulzbergerwrotein2010.“Imean,IknewIwasdealingwithroyalty.Therewasnoreasonformetobringthatupwithhim,andhedidn’t.”SoMr.Sulzberger,insomeway,hasqualifiedhimselfforthepositionsincelongtimeago.【解題導(dǎo)語】本篇文章屬于人物介紹類,介紹了著名出版人A.G.Sulzberger對《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的重要貢獻(xiàn),還介紹了他提出的“創(chuàng)新報(bào)道”理論以及他人對他的評價(jià)。12.A.G.Sulzbergerwrotethe“innovationreport”mainlyto.

A.urgerevolutionsinTheTimes B.gainthepositionofdeputypublisherC.promotechangesinNewYorkCity D.showdirectionstohisfamilyfuture答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知,“創(chuàng)新報(bào)道”關(guān)注報(bào)紙數(shù)字化未來的重要性,《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》如果不改革,則將面臨危機(jī)。據(jù)此可以判斷,A.G.Sulzberger提及“創(chuàng)新報(bào)道”的目的是敦促《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》進(jìn)行變革,故A項(xiàng)正確。13.WhatisthebiggestthreattotraditionalmediaaccordingtoMr.Sulzberger?A.Scientificdevelopments. B.Rapidsocialchanges.C.Theirownstubbornness. D.Decreasingreaders.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“andsaidTheTimesriskedlosingitsleadingplaceifitdidnotmakesweepingchanges”和文章中提到的“innovationreport”可知,A.G.Sulzberger認(rèn)為《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》如果不做出變革,則將面臨危機(jī);據(jù)此可以判斷,A.G.Sulzberger認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)媒體面臨的最大問題是它們固執(zhí)己見,不思變革,故C項(xiàng)正確。14.HowdoestheauthorshowuswhatMr.Sulzbergerislikeinthelastparagraph?A.Bycomparinghimwithothers. B.Byinterviewinghiminperson.C.Bygivingexamplesofhisroutines. D.Byquotingcommentsfromothers.答案D解析寫作方法題。通讀最后一段可知,該段第二句介紹了同事對A.G.Sulzberger的評價(jià),第四句和第五句介紹了視頻編輯VincentBova對他的評價(jià);據(jù)此可以判斷,最后一段是通過別人的評價(jià)來描述A.G.Sulzberger的,故D項(xiàng)正確。15.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMr.Sulzbergeraccordingtothepassage?A.Casual. B.Objective.C.Admirable. D.Critical.答案C解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通讀全文可知,A.G.Sulzberger提出“創(chuàng)新報(bào)道”理論并前瞻性地認(rèn)識(shí)到數(shù)字化時(shí)代對傳統(tǒng)媒體的影響,意識(shí)到傳統(tǒng)媒體變革的重要意義;據(jù)此可以判斷,作者對A.G.Sulzberger的態(tài)度是欽佩的,故C項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)體裁:說明文詞數(shù):277用時(shí):7分鐘Everyonemakesmistakes.16.Makingamistakeatwork,however,canbemoreserious.Itmaycauseproblemsforyouremployerandevenaffectthecompany’sbottomline.Evilconsequenceswillfinallycomedowntoyou.Simplycorrectingyourmistakeandmovingonmaynotbeanoption.Whenyoumakeamistakeatworkyourcareermaydependonwhatyoudonext.

Admityourmistake.Tellyourbossaboutyourmistakeimmediately.Theonlyexceptionisthatyoumakeaninsignificanterrorthatwillnotaffectanyone.Otherwise,don’ttrytohideyourmistake.17.

Presentyourbosswithaplantofixyourmistake.Whenyougotoyourbosstoadmityourmistake,youmusthaveaplanforcorrectingit.Presentyourplanclearly.Tellyourbosshowlongitwilltaketocarryoutyourplanandiftherea