2023年高考英語(yǔ)完形填空解題技巧-新高考專用-

2023年高考英語(yǔ)完型填空高分技巧（新高考專用.原卷版）目錄TOC\o"1-3"\h\u一、解題核心思維： 2二、單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)怎么辦？ 31、文中單詞不認(rèn)識(shí) 32、題干上的單詞不認(rèn)識(shí) 3訓(xùn)練兩個(gè)習(xí)慣 4三、詞性解題法 41、動(dòng)詞題 42、名詞題 63、形容詞、副詞 84、連詞題 95、短語(yǔ)題 13四、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)解題法 151、文章U型結(jié)構(gòu)解題 152、分段首句出題 163、議論文和說(shuō)明文（首段為文章中心） 164、記敘文：花朵文（傳播主旋律、價(jià)值觀、正能量） 17五、特殊句型解題法 23①主系表結(jié)構(gòu)解名詞和形容詞題 23②賓補(bǔ)解形容詞題 24③被動(dòng)句解動(dòng)詞題 24六、答案檢查大法 241、答案均分規(guī)律 242、答案相連概率 255、反義選項(xiàng)二選一 25七、高考真題 261.2023年2月四省聯(lián)考 262.2023年1月浙江卷 273.2022年新高考1卷 294.2022年新高考2卷 305.【2021年6月新高考1卷】 316.【2020·山東卷】 32解題核心思維：每一個(gè)問(wèn)題都是有根據(jù)的【解答步驟】①要求學(xué)生閱讀并翻譯每一句話，并在空白處找出答案；②不存在題目的全句，必然與題目有關(guān)；③完形填空法的解答受到“滯后原則”的制約，選擇簡(jiǎn)單的，可以先填寫，無(wú)法確定的，可以將其擱置一旁，只有看完最后的重點(diǎn)，才有可能解決問(wèn)題！（也就是說(shuō)，所有的問(wèn)題，都有一個(gè)共同的答案：反之亦然；最有可能的是，在解決問(wèn)題之前，先把題目放在一邊。）【解題原理】倪萍邏輯今年的春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)突出了的主題喜慶B.團(tuán)圓C.團(tuán)聚D.聯(lián)歡【消除解惑】為什么選A不選B？因?yàn)锳有線索和依據(jù)，而B沒(méi)有因?yàn)锳的線索和依據(jù)比B多【解題思維訓(xùn)練】使用箭頭標(biāo)記法【例句1】江蘇卷Failingtofindanyotherwayout,theydecidedtomakeajourney,theycaughtsightofanoldhiker's(徒步旅行者)guide.A.busB.walkingC.railD.business【例句2】2015安徽卷Thankstomodernmanufacturing（制造業(yè)）andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland

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.A.safeB.funnyC.cheapD.powerful【例3】2014重慶卷InAsia,onealsobecautiousaboutexpressingemotions.GettingangryinSoutheastAsiajustmakesyoulooksilly.Insomecountriesitis_35_tokissinpublic.A.naturalB.advisableC.unwiseD.unnecessary單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)怎么辦？1、文中單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)①動(dòng)詞不認(rèn)識(shí)：翻譯成“搞、整、弄、干”②名詞不認(rèn)識(shí)：翻譯成“東西”③形容詞、副詞不認(rèn)識(shí)：直接劃掉（這3個(gè)必須認(rèn)識(shí)，否定詞hardly/rarely/sedom幾乎不）題干上的單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)①一個(gè)單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)，三個(gè)單詞認(rèn)識(shí)：先從三個(gè)單詞中選擇，如果百分百確定不是這三個(gè)單詞，就用排除法：選擇那個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞。②兩個(gè)單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)，兩個(gè)單詞認(rèn)識(shí)：原理同上。訓(xùn)練兩個(gè)習(xí)慣習(xí)慣一、如果不會(huì)做，就要憋住。完型填空的答案受“滯后原則”的影響，簡(jiǎn)單的答案，可以先填，拿不準(zhǔn)可以先放下，看到后面關(guān)鍵信息，可能才能解題！習(xí)慣二、圈圈法：任何一個(gè)題目必有依據(jù)。（使用箭頭標(biāo)記法）每一句都必須讀，都必須翻譯，解題點(diǎn)在沒(méi)有劃線的句子里。詞性解題法動(dòng)詞題方法總述方法一：看主語(yǔ)，看并列，看搭配方法二動(dòng)詞題方法總述方法一：看主語(yǔ)，看并列，看搭配方法二：前后呼應(yīng)方法一看主語(yǔ)：看主語(yǔ)是人or物，此主語(yǔ)能不能發(fā)出這個(gè)動(dòng)作？看賓語(yǔ)：賓語(yǔ)是人or物，賓語(yǔ)能不能承受這個(gè)動(dòng)作（難點(diǎn)：賓語(yǔ)從句，可以看翻譯，也可以看時(shí)態(tài)）（3）看搭配：看需要及物動(dòng)詞還是不及物動(dòng)詞，判斷的依據(jù)是橫線后有沒(méi)有介詞。【例1】全國(guó)1卷I______(16)twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.A.matchB.imagineC.countD.add【例2】全國(guó)1卷However,Isoon

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thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof

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amongtonsofrubbish.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate【例3】全國(guó)2卷Eachday,27kids“TheThinkingLaboratory.”builtB.enteredC.decoratedD.ran方法二：前后呼應(yīng)：如果前面的方法都不能解題，就用“前后呼應(yīng)”解題?！纠?】重慶卷InsomeMiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshis33,especiallyifyouareawoman.Soleaveyourtomjeansathome.A.forbiddenB.allowedC.expectedD.tolerated【例5】浙江卷WhenIgotintocollege,things__40__.Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofall40.A.happened B.repeated C.changed D.mattered難點(diǎn)1：雙主語(yǔ)和雙賓語(yǔ)【例6】山東卷Excitementandfamilymembers__1__thehall.A.filledB.visitedC.decoratedD.attended【例7】北京卷NotonlywasIstrongerandmorecompetentthanIhadthought,butIalso

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astronginterestandaworldIhadn'tknownexisted.A.developedB.discoveredC.tookD.fostered難點(diǎn)2：過(guò)程和結(jié)果的區(qū)別manage和其它詞（如tryattempt）persuade和其它詞（如advisesuggestdemand）find和其它詞（seeksearchlookfor）【例8】新課標(biāo)二Joe__33_____intoalargecrevasse（裂縫）intheicebelow.Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.Threedayslater,inthemiddleofthenight,heheardJoe’svoice.Joewasthere,afewmetersfromtheirtent,stillalive.A.managedB.plannedC.waitedD.hoped【例9】安徽卷ArrivingintheSunshineStatewasrathertiring,butI38tocatchataxitomyaccommodationandsettlein.AintendedB.promisedC.managedD.deserved【例10】福建卷Whenheretiredthreeyearsago,he__46__hischurchmusicdirectortotakehimasastudentForamomentaftermyfathersatdownatthekeyboard,...46．A.allowed B．invited C．inspired D．persuaded【例11】江蘇卷Shechangedmanythings.She

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myfathertogotoadentalschool,fromwhichhegraduatedwithhonors.A.beggedB.persuadedC.orderedD.invited名詞題方法總述方法一：前后呼應(yīng)（90%）名詞題方法總述方法一：前后呼應(yīng)（90%）方法二：修飾成分（10%）做名詞題的優(yōu)先級(jí)：先看修飾成分；再看前后呼應(yīng)。方法一、前后呼應(yīng)（90%）①文中看到theapple，呼應(yīng)點(diǎn)在前面。（根據(jù)a和the的呼應(yīng)關(guān)系）②橫線的前面，即名詞前沒(méi)有a，也沒(méi)有the，呼應(yīng)點(diǎn)可以前，可以后。【例1】全國(guó)1卷ThisviewisespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas(13)gothroughfiveecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）inthespaceofafewkilometers.A.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officials【例2】山東卷Therewasapetstoreandtheownerhadaparrot.Onedaya1walkedinandtheparrotsaidtotheman,“Heyyou!”Themansaid,“What!?”Theparrotsaid,“Yourwifeisreallyugly.”A.groupB.teamC.coupleD.crowd【例3】天津卷Ilearnedthislessonfroma(n)__17__manyyearsago.ItooktheheadcoachingjobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram.A.experiment B.experience C.visit D.show【例4】全國(guó)2卷In1973,Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday,27kidsentered“TheThinkingLaboratory.”Thatwasthe42studentsvotedforafterdecidingthat“Room104”wastoodull.A.name B.ruleC.brandD.plan方法二、修飾成分（相關(guān)成分）10%（+介詞短語(yǔ)）（+todo/doing/done）（+定語(yǔ)從句）【例5】全國(guó)3卷Theposthassincegainedthe__60__ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.A.sympathy B.attention C.control D.trust【例6】全國(guó)1卷...theabsolutemostimportant56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegooddecisions.Afact Bstep Cmanner Dskill3、形容詞、副詞形副方法總述形副方法總述方法一：感情色彩一致性方法二：前后呼應(yīng)做形容詞副詞題的優(yōu)先級(jí)：先掃一眼選項(xiàng)，有正負(fù)的話，就不要先帶入，先判斷感情色彩的正負(fù)。如果感情色彩一致，就用方法二。方法一：感情色彩一致性。①上下文色彩②中心色彩③連詞色彩變化方法二：前后呼應(yīng)法【例1】全國(guó)1卷Hearingthesestories,I'm

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abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas"purer"naturalexperiences.A.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazy【例2】新課標(biāo)theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.Theytoldhertostay52untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived,...andsheshouldnotmove...A.quietB.stillC.awayD.calm【例3】天津卷Itwasatraditionfortheschool’soldteamtoplayagainstthe__19__teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’tevenpracticetoprepareforthegame.19.A.successful B.excellent C.strong D.new注意：感情色彩的方法同樣適用于某些特殊的名詞題，這些名詞通常由形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)。如happiness，sadness，excitement等。【例4】全國(guó)三卷Inher__48__,shedidn’tseemtorealizethatshewassharingthebaby’sphotoswithacompletestranger.A.opinion B.anxiety C.excitement D.effort4、連詞題（1）兩種考法：①考察連詞（填連詞）。第1步：翻譯上句，翻譯下句。第2步：判斷上下句一致or相反。（思考順序：轉(zhuǎn)折和遞進(jìn)，→因果，→并列）②文章中給連詞。（可用該連詞題來(lái)解動(dòng)詞，名詞等）第1步：判斷連詞的一致性或相反性。第2步：在相應(yīng)的關(guān)系下，進(jìn)行選擇。（2）連詞的兩種關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系althoughthougheventhoughevenifwhilebutyethoweverwhereas——但是still仍然as錢包丟了，但是我很高興=錢包丟了，我still很高興。unless（除非）你考不上大學(xué)，除非你好好學(xué)習(xí)。祈使句+or(（否則））好好學(xué)習(xí)，or你考不上大學(xué)，時(shí)間先后提示邏輯上的相反關(guān)系beforeafter不好好學(xué)習(xí)，我考上了好大學(xué)。你不能從圖書館借書，你有圖書卡。（unless，after）ratherthan（而不是）我們喜歡好學(xué)生，壞學(xué)生。adj.adv.ing/ed+as+主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞（Youngasheis...雖然他很年輕）最容易錯(cuò)誤的幾個(gè)關(guān)系。1、instead：一致關(guān)系上下句含有反義詞的一致關(guān)系。趙老師沒(méi)有放棄，趙老師更加努力。infact事實(shí)上：一致or相反趙老師沒(méi)有放棄，趙老師更加努力。（一致）趙老師很難看，他沒(méi)有那么難看。（相反）關(guān)于and與butAandB①and連接句子，是一致關(guān)系，著重考慮兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的順序感。②and前后是單詞或短語(yǔ)，可以是一致，也可以是相反（同義、近義和反義詞）【舉例】探討一下手機(jī)的利and弊，/得and失but前后一定相反關(guān)系。但是需要填的詞，可能是可能是同義，可能是反義。原句：小王養(yǎng)金魚，但是（but）小李不養(yǎng)金魚。題1：小王養(yǎng)金魚，但是（but）小李。（填入的“不養(yǎng)金魚”和“養(yǎng)金魚”相反）題2：小王養(yǎng)金魚，但是（but）不養(yǎng)金魚。（填入的“小李”和“小王”相近）【例1】北京卷Shehadanunpleasantvoiceandadirectwayofspeaking,

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shewasencouragingandinspiring.A.andB.yetC.soD.for【例2】全國(guó)卷Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.58,iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.A.Lastly

B.Thus

C.Instead

D.However【例3】遼寧卷ThenItoldheraboutthebusinessmeeting.__47__，myexplanationseemedtomakethingsworse，whichstartedtodrivememadaswell.A.However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Otherwise【例4】新課標(biāo)Ithoughttomyself,howevenwithoutanarmhewasmoreofaleader.Damagedbutnotdefeated,hewas38aheadofme.A.stillB.alsoC.yetD.just【例5】全國(guó)三卷Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay＂sorry,wrongnumber!＂andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliams__42__atextthatclearlywasn’tintendedforhim,hedidsomething__43__.42.A.received B.translated C.copied D.printed【例6】天津卷NowImaystillnotbethemost

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,socialperson,butI'vebecomebetteratoralpresentations.I

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readmypoetryoutloudatareadingclub.A.seriousB.outgoingC.nervousD.hardworking【例7】全國(guó)一Yetinsteadofbeingdiscouragedbymy54progress,Iwasexcited.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious【例8】天津卷Thatsummer,Whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheirvacations,wemeteverydayand__28__passingandkickingthefootball.28.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced【例9】天津卷Ifeltthatitwouldbea__31__forusevenifwelostthegame.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor【例10】北京卷SometimesI’dget45andtakeashotatthewrongdirection—whichmademefeelreallystupid.A.committedB.motivated C.embarrassed D.confused5、短語(yǔ)題（1）短語(yǔ)題的定義【形式】核心理解：動(dòng)詞+介詞/副詞短語(yǔ)題定義：不等于兩部分的簡(jiǎn)單疊加，一定要發(fā)生變化?！咀⒁狻拷樵~/副詞在動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中表示“方向或關(guān)系”。高效率的背詞組，按介詞和副詞來(lái)背。gotocutdown不是短語(yǔ)題中的短語(yǔ)，cutup是短語(yǔ)，因?yàn)閏utup（切碎）≠cut+up（2）解題步驟第1步：翻譯空格前后的內(nèi)容，猜測(cè)此處的最佳漢語(yǔ)意思。（窮盡原則）第2步：看各個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的介詞or副詞，看哪個(gè)副詞or介詞能夠反映最佳漢語(yǔ)意思。（最起碼要做到不矛盾，排除干擾選項(xiàng)1-2）第3步：看選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞，看哪個(gè)動(dòng)詞能夠反映最佳漢語(yǔ)意思。（3）必備知識(shí)：各個(gè)介詞的含義（8個(gè)）帶ON詞組：持續(xù)，繼續(xù)，在某方面，關(guān)于，接觸。geton(getoff)puton(putoff)帶OFF分離，結(jié)束，開始setoff（開始動(dòng)手）為什么結(jié)束和開始，哲學(xué)的角度：一件事情的結(jié)束，就是另外一件事情的開始。帶OUT向外，超越，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，出來(lái)，開始UP向上，到達(dá)，出現(xiàn)Over結(jié)束，超越；貫穿和經(jīng)歷for支持；為了；持續(xù)to/toward到達(dá)；相對(duì)against反對(duì)；相對(duì)，對(duì)應(yīng)updownonoffforagaistattooverout【例1】全國(guó)1卷IideaoftheclassAputforwardBjumpatCtriedoutDturndown第1步：我產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)，提出，蹦出，涌現(xiàn)出一個(gè)想法第2步：看副詞和介詞：ABC可以。第3步：看動(dòng)詞：B選項(xiàng)【例2】北京卷Atthestatecompetition,Loladidn‘tfall__47__thebeam（平衡木）.Infact,shegotan8.1outof10———herhighestscoreyet.to B．onC．off D．a(chǎn)gainst【例3】江蘇卷RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.Theirsavingshadbeen36topaylawyers’fees.A.drawnup B.usedup C.backedup D.keptup【例4】天津卷Kateheardaman'svoiceinthebackground,butshecouldn't

whathewassaying.A.setasideB.takebackC.makeoutD.keepoff如果僅僅憑借動(dòng)詞就可以做出來(lái)的題目，就認(rèn)為是動(dòng)詞題，不作為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)題來(lái)解答【例5】天津卷Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’tevenpracticeto__20__thegame.A.cheerfor B.preparefor C.helpwith D.finishwith篇章結(jié)構(gòu)解題法1、文章U型結(jié)構(gòu)解題記敘文：兩種類型——U型，直線型U型：首段提出問(wèn)題中間經(jīng)過(guò)困難和挫折最后皆大歡喜或者有教育意義全國(guó)二卷（中間段）Gettingalittle（closer）,Irealizedonekayak（皮劃艇）wasin__47__.＂Something’snot__48__!＂47.A.trouble B.advance C.question D.battle48.A.real B.right C.fair D.fit天津卷（最后一段）Ayearlater,I

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mygoal:Ilost150poundsandraised$50,000!IfeelthatI'vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatis

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andenormous.19.A.set B.reached C.missed D.dropped20.A.stressfulB.painful C.meaningfulD.peaceful分段首句出題分段首句出題，除了采用詞性解題法外，還有一種選擇可以采用總分對(duì)照法，即整段其他題目做完后，再總結(jié)?！纠?】全國(guó)1Thefollowingterm,I56anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwasprohibited.Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.Instead,iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.Now,Iappreciatethesilenceandthenewwayofcommunicationitopens.56.A.missed B.passed C.gaveup D.registeredfor議論文和說(shuō)明文（首段為文章中心）解此類文章的三個(gè)技巧：①文章首段首句一般不出題（文章中心）。*如果出題，也是后半句：如果不是中心，會(huì)有一個(gè)but，根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可以推出。②分段首句出題：①總分對(duì)照（看首首+看后面）；②看后文。③任何一題不會(huì)做，回過(guò)頭來(lái)看首句。記敘文：花朵文（傳播主旋律、價(jià)值觀、正能量）1.跳讀首尾句進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)一般來(lái)講，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳讀這兩句，便可判斷體裁，猜想它要講什么。若首句交代了when,where,who,what，即四個(gè)W，那么就是記敘文，很可能就是一個(gè)故事;若首句是提出或解釋說(shuō)明某事物，一般來(lái)說(shuō)是說(shuō)明文;若首句提出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)，那么就是議論文。 首句往往開宗明義，是文章的主題。細(xì)讀首句可啟示全文。而尾句又往往是對(duì)文章主題的總結(jié)。所以，它們是了解文章大意的一個(gè)窗口，對(duì)我們理解全文有著重要的啟示作用。 本文主要講述的是蘇格蘭第一位女打擊樂(lè)器獨(dú)奏演員EvelynGlennie在耳聾的情況下成功學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)首句給出的信息，下面我們可以猜想EvelynGlennie學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器過(guò)程必然充滿困難，而能夠在耳聾的情況下學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器，EvelynGlennie對(duì)音樂(lè)肯定也是充滿熱情的。2.利用語(yǔ)法分析解題完形填空雖然以語(yǔ)境填空為主，但也有部分考查語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的題目。對(duì)于這類題，考生可以利用平時(shí)所學(xué)的詞匯知識(shí)，分析單詞(組)的使用范圍、動(dòng)詞的及物和不及物，并利用句子結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點(diǎn)等知識(shí)全面衡量所有選項(xiàng)排除干擾。如：___8___Ihadbeenborninthe16thcentury,Iwouldhavehadnojob.A.BecauseB.WhileC.IfD.Since3.利用固定搭配解題完形填空題中對(duì)詞匯知識(shí)的考查，主要體現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。習(xí)慣用法是英語(yǔ)中某種固定的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，即所謂的“習(xí)語(yǔ)”，不能隨意改動(dòng)。所以，考生平時(shí)應(yīng)掌握好習(xí)慣用法。對(duì)詞義辨析題的考查有加大力度的趨勢(shì)。要做好這類題，需要有較大的詞匯量和詞語(yǔ)搭配能力、詞語(yǔ)辨析能力，特別是在特定的語(yǔ)境中能靈活運(yùn)用的能力。如：Theycouldn’treadorwrite.Theydidn’tliketoworkandtheynever___12___baths.A.tookB.washedC.ranD.covered4.利用固定句型解題完形填空雖然注重考查語(yǔ)境理解，但同時(shí)也會(huì)考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好這些句型，對(duì)確定題目的答案很有幫助。如：Itwasn’tlong___18___thepolicecaughtthethief.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.until5.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)信息解題語(yǔ)篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語(yǔ)篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語(yǔ)篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。如：Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasn’temptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew___44___,dressedneatly.A.roommateB.classmateC.neighborD.companion6.利用跳讀法解題一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中總有一些空是相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的。對(duì)于這類空格考生可以先將其確定下來(lái)，之后再逐個(gè)去突破其他空。跳過(guò)那些不太容易得出答案的題。切忌做題時(shí)循規(guī)蹈矩地一個(gè)順著一個(gè)地去完成。如： “Visitors!”repeatedJosh,wide-awakeatonce.He___1___upandlookedaround.Ashortdistanceaway,agroupof___2___stoodquietlywatchingus.Oneofthem___3___walkingtowardus.Webothjumpedtoour___4___notknowingwhattoexpect.1.A.satB.stayedC.thoughtD.put2.A.pilotsB.nativesC.editorsD.assistants3.A.avoidedB.delayedC.beganD.desired4.A.boatB.carC.horsesD.feet7.巧用排除法解題在有些情況下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道題的答案，可以把排除法和詞匯、語(yǔ)法分析結(jié)合起來(lái)運(yùn)用，縮小選擇的范圍，提高正確率。如：Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme___5___throughherglasses,andthenquestionedmeinalowvoice.A.asusualB.forawhileC.inaminuteD.onceagain8.利用邏輯關(guān)系解題嘗試從邏輯關(guān)系的高度整體上把握，就會(huì)不無(wú)驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系才是征服完形填空的最佳途徑。所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不縹緲，它就隱藏在句子中、句與句之間以及段落與段落的銜接中。通過(guò)邏輯關(guān)系的方法，我們可以通過(guò)確切、具體的線索，把答案的邏輯意義推測(cè)出來(lái)，從而在答案中尋找表現(xiàn)了相同邏輯意義的選項(xiàng)。這樣做，使得題目的難度大大降低。(1)句中邏輯關(guān)系Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements—usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and___45___nitrogen.Theyaredifferentinthattheirelementsarearrangeddifferently,andeachvitaminperformsoneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.A.mostlyB.partlyC.sometimesD.rarely(2)句間邏輯關(guān)系 在此，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不抽象，它往往通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、遞進(jìn)、因果等明確的邏輯關(guān)系詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)。當(dāng)然，句子的邏輯關(guān)系也不一定體現(xiàn)在一句話的內(nèi)部，它還可以滲透到篇章的層面上，在句與句之間表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。如：MsClevelanddoesnotkeepherworkersonashortleash.___13___,sheencouragesthemtoget___14___waystodobusiness.A.StillB.YetC.InsteadD.While(3)段間邏輯關(guān)系 這種邏輯關(guān)系主要體現(xiàn)在段落之間的銜接上。如：Noteveryoneseesthatprocessinperspective.Itisimportanttodoso.Itisgenerallyrecognized,___29___,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,followedbytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,althoughitsimpactinthemediawasnotimmediatelyapparent.A.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.therefore9.巧用背景常識(shí)解題在回答完型填空問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，有些時(shí)候，文章給出的信息是不充分的，還要綜合考慮讀者大腦中所存儲(chǔ)的知識(shí)，最終得出與常理相一致的最優(yōu)答案。所以，考生的知識(shí)范圍越大，就會(huì)更容易理解文章，從總體上了解所選短文在說(shuō)些什么，這樣就能更好地完成局部上的每一個(gè)空。所以，在做完型填空題目時(shí)，英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)以及對(duì)世界的了解，就顯得尤為重要。當(dāng)對(duì)語(yǔ)言的把握不很準(zhǔn)確時(shí)，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常識(shí)，巧妙地加以運(yùn)用，先找出并理解文章主題和主線，并根據(jù)主題猜測(cè)細(xì)節(jié)，注意從重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)中尋找、體會(huì)文章表達(dá)的氛圍。這樣將會(huì)大大簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過(guò)程，節(jié)省寶貴的時(shí)間，順利地沿作者的思路閱讀下去。如：After___2___theBritishflagatthePole,theytookaphotographofthemselvesbeforetheystartedthe950-milejourneyback.A.growingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying10.利用對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)解題對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)常把兩種對(duì)立的事物或同一事物的兩個(gè)不同方面并列出來(lái)加以比較或?qū)Ρ?。高考完形填空題常常利用句子之間的對(duì)比關(guān)系或者同一個(gè)句子的不同部分之間的對(duì)比關(guān)系設(shè)計(jì)題目。如：Apupilwhocandohishomeworkinaquietand___59___roomisinamuchbetterpositionthanapupilwhodoeshishomeworkinasmall,noisyroomwiththetelevisionon.A.furnishedB.expensiveC.comfortableD.suitable11.利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)解題平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似，意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)，語(yǔ)法一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。這些結(jié)構(gòu)的形式整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容聯(lián)系緊密。 命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其表現(xiàn)意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點(diǎn)來(lái)設(shè)空。高考完形填空短文常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)這樣一些平行結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握這些結(jié)構(gòu)極為相似的句子可大大提高我們的解題效率。如：Companieswithlowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthem___42___andactive.A.aliveB.vividC.mobileD.diverse12.利用暗示和對(duì)應(yīng)解題完形填空題中雖然也穿插了對(duì)語(yǔ)法、短語(yǔ)和單詞的辨析、句子結(jié)構(gòu)的考查等，但對(duì)文章故事情節(jié)發(fā)展線索的邏輯考查仍是重點(diǎn)。暗示與上下對(duì)應(yīng)的思維方法，是突破此類完形填空最關(guān)鍵的思維方式。 考生在做題時(shí)要有全局觀念，進(jìn)行連貫性思維，做題時(shí)要把每個(gè)空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來(lái)理解，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。難選之處前后通常多有暗示，這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。如：...hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyof___47___:agriculture,divingandmathematics.A.questionsB.subjectsC.mattersD.contents13.根據(jù)文章的感情色彩解題考生在第一遍通讀時(shí)，應(yīng)在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基礎(chǔ)上，著重尋找反映語(yǔ)境褒貶性的標(biāo)志性詞匯或句子，這些標(biāo)志性詞匯或句子往往對(duì)文章的語(yǔ)境褒貶性起著決定性的作用。如：IwassosurprisedthatIwas___47___(speechless).Mycousinmusthavemadeanefforttogethimselfintoshape.___48___(Asaresult),atthepointinourgamewhenI’dhavepredictedthescoretobeabout9to1inmyfavor,itwas___49___(instead)7to9andEdwas50(leading).14.綜合利用各種線索解題完形填空題主要考查短文閱讀理解的能力。因此考生必須閱讀全文，弄清句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，準(zhǔn)確理解全文。為了答好題，考生必須從字里行間尋找能夠利用的線索。如書寫和形態(tài)變化線索(graphicandmorphologicalclues)、詞匯線索(lexicalclues)、句法線索(syntacticalclues)、社會(huì)文化線索(socio-culturalclues)，并根據(jù)有關(guān)的線索進(jìn)行猜測(cè)，作出合理的判斷。如：Andtheclerkconfirmedthathisplanewasleavingatnineo’clockthreedaysfromthatday…Sincehewas___44___inthreedays,Andydidn’tloseanytime.A.movingB.returningC.stayingD.leaving舉例：(10·廣東)Everycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors..Doorsmanyhave21functionsandpurposeswhichleadto22differences.WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghadtwodifferent23andtheyhaddistiFnctfunctions.Youhavetopushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”to24thebuilding.Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethe25doorinsouthKorea.ForquiteafewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.Thewayofusingschoolbusdoorswasalso26tome.Iusedtotaketheschoolbustoclasses.Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,27whoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton28.InsouthKorea,wedonotneedtowaitforpeopletogetoff.Onemorning,Ihurriedtothebus,andwhenthebusdoorsopened,I29_triedtogetontheschoolbusthroughthefrontdoor.Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,Iwastotally30,andmyfacewentred.21.A.differentB.importantC.practicalD.unusual22.A.nationalB.embarrassingC.culturalD.amazing23.A.exitsB.entrancesC.signsD.doors24.A.enterB.leaveC.openD.close25.A.mainB.sameC.frontD.back26.A.annoyingB.hardC.satisfyingD.strange27.A.parentsB.studentsC.teachersD.drivers28.A.soonerB.laterC.fasterD.earlier29.A.politelyB.patientlyC.unconsciouslyD.slowly30.A.embarrassedB.annoyedC.unsatisfiedD.excited特殊句型解題法①主系表結(jié)構(gòu)解名詞和形容詞題主系表中，表語(yǔ)如果是n.主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)是等同關(guān)系。Sheisanurse.如果是adj，考察修飾關(guān)系。Theboxisuseful.theusefulbox【例1】全國(guó)三卷Whata__58__thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewassosweetandkindtodothis.A.pity B.blessing C.relief D.problem②賓補(bǔ)解形容詞題賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)中的adj.(看賓語(yǔ)和此adj之間的修飾關(guān)系)【例1】全國(guó)一卷Inhisintroduction,hemadeit

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thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.A.real B.perfectC.clear D.possible2019江蘇卷She

refused

tolivewithmalecranes,andevenhada

.reputation

forkillingsomeofthem,whichmadeit

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forhertobecomeamother.10.A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible③被動(dòng)句解動(dòng)詞題【例1】全國(guó)3卷Teresapostedaphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite__57__bythetouchingwords:＂Whatablessingthisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewassosweetandkindtodothis.＂A.confirmed B.simplified C.clarified D.accompanied答案檢查大法1、答案均分規(guī)律5A，5B，5C，5D作用：可以幫助我們最后檢查。如最后統(tǒng)計(jì)選項(xiàng)的個(gè)數(shù)，如果某個(gè)選項(xiàng)≥8個(gè)，肯定有答案錯(cuò)了。2、答案相連概率①相鄰兩個(gè)答案完全相同的概率較低，即出現(xiàn)AA，BB，CC，DD。（即使有，20個(gè)答案中一般不超過(guò)兩次，且不同，即第一次是AA，第二次絕對(duì)不可能是AA）。②相鄰三個(gè)答案完全相同的概率幾乎為0，即出現(xiàn)AAA，BBB，CCC，DDD。反義選項(xiàng)二選一江西卷“Iknowit's__40__foryou，”Mumsaidsoftly.“ButI'mjustworriedotherpeoplemightthinkwe'realittle…strange.Andthentheywouldmakefunofyou.”A.fair B.easy C.good D.hard全國(guó)卷Onwinterdays,Mr.Greenberg（giveaway）gloves.Duringtherestoftheyear,he27gloves.A.Borrows B.sells C.returns D.buys江蘇卷49onthemountain,mymostvaluablepossessionsweremy50withmyneighbors.A.Up B.Down C.Deep D.Along形似選項(xiàng)二選一全國(guó)一Itwas（impossible）forJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe's__50__waspullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice(峭壁).A.height B.weight C.strength D.equipment天津卷"Justthink,mylittlegirl,onlytendozenleftforeachofusandthenwe're24.”A.lost B.done C.gone D.touched同義選項(xiàng)二選一或全排除全國(guó)卷LarryworkswithTransportDrivers.Inc.Onemorningin2009.Larrywas__41__along165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis42.41.A.walking B.touring C．traveling D．rushing福建卷Hecouldhavegoneonregrettingit,__44__toomanyofusdo.A.as B．once C．if D．while高考真題2023年2月四省聯(lián)考閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Dr.SmithofNewYorkworksatacenterforchildrenwhocan’tlearnwell.Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfor____21____athisoffice.ThefathertoldDr.Smithabouthisson.“Mysonhas____22____inlearningandcan’tevenplaybaseball.Heisn’tdoingwellbecausehedoesn’ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim.Ihaveevenshoutedathim.Butnothing____23____.”AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he____24____hisfather.Heaskedthefathertositinfrontofa____25____andthengavehimapencilandapieceofpaper.Therewasa____26____onthepaper.Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand____27____thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.Thefathermadethesame____28____anyonemakes.Everytimehe____29____thepencil,itwentthewrongway.Thefather’sfacebecamered.Atthis____30____thedoctorshoutedathim,“Hurryup!Whyareyou____31____solong?Youcan’tdosuchan____32____thing!Youdon’tknowleftfromright!”These____33____madethefatherveryangry.“Nowyoucan____34____,can’tyou?”Thedoctorsaidtohim.“Yoursonhasfeltjustlikethatallthetime.Youscolded(訓(xùn)斥)himtoooften,sohedidn'ttryanymore.Hewasafraidofmakingmistakes.”____35____thefatherunderstoodeverything.Heputhisfacedown.Nowhefeltsosorry.21.A.testing B.acting C.teaching D.playing22.A.confidence B.interest C.experience D.difficulty23.A.returns B.helps C.appears D.remains24.A.waitedfor B.searchedfor C.believedin D.calledin25.A.mirror B.television C.painting D.desk26.A.face B.line C.number D.star27.A.remove B.follow C.cross D.cut28.A.decisions B.choices C.mistakes D.patterns29.A.touched B.dropped C.moved D.sharpened30.A.speed B.corner C.end D.point31.A.staying B.taking C.preparing D.writing32.A.easy B.important C.obvious D.exciting33.A.ideas B.words C.questions D.instructions34.A.relax B.leave C.understand D.promise35.A.Interestingly B.Absolutely C.Suddenly D.Unfortunately2023年1月浙江卷ThesunwasbeginningtosinkasIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.Iwasonmywayto____41____auniquehoneyharvest.Here,insouth-eastEthiopia,hand-carvedbeehives(蜂箱)areplacedinthe____42____.Reachingthemtogetthehoneyisdifficult—andoften____43____.I____44____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.Ziyadbeganpreparations.He____45____handfulsofdamptreeleaves,wrappedthemwithstring,and____46____thebunchtocreateatorch(火把).Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbegan____47____.Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovethe____48____higherupthetreetrunk.____49____,Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.Sittingonabranch,he_____50_____towardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly,Ziyadletoutasharpcry.Withinseconds,he’d_____51_____thetrunkandwasbackontheground.Itwastoo_____52_____tocollectthehoney.Acoolsummerhaddelayed_____53_____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).Theadultbeeswere_____54_____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.Hehadtowaitfortheright_____55_____togobackup.41.A.share B.collect C.celebrate D.witness42.A.courtyards B.fields C.treetops D.caves43A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless44.A.searched B.recognised C.followed D.invited45.A.gathered B.cleaned C.dropped D.checked46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated47.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing48.A.hives B.leaves C.rope D.honey49.A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately50A.backed B.dived C.shouted D.inched51.A.cutoff B.goneup C.sliddown D.heldonto52.A.high B.early C.fast D.close53.A.hatching B.training C.sowing D.trading54.A.curious B.hungry C.bored D.angry55.A.moment B.equipment C.person D.order2022年新高考1卷Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour___41___arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we___42___alongChalkCreek.Iwas___43___thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas___44___,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So___45___tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It___46___—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe___47___,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly___48___ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The___49___pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto_____50_____themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No_____51_____.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere_____52_____,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere_____53_____.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof_____54_____,wonderingwhatcampingfunand_____55_____wewillexperiencenext.41.A.ideas B.jokes C.memo