新視野大學英語第三冊課文原文加翻譯

./新視野大學英語第三冊課文翻譯Unit1AMybrother,Jimmy,didnotgetenoughoxygenduringadifficultdelivery,leavinghimwithbraindamage,andtwoyearslaterIwasborn.Sincethen,myliferevolvedaroundmybrother’s.Accompanyingmygrowingupwasalways"gooutandplayandtakeyourbrotherwithyou".Icouldn’tgoanywherewithouthim,soIurgedtheneighborhoodkidstocometomyhouseforsomeout-of-controlkid-centeredfun我哥哥吉米出生時遇上難產(chǎn),因為缺氧導致大腦受損.兩年后,我出生了.從此以后,我的生活便圍繞我哥哥轉.伴隨我成長的,是"到外面去玩,把你哥哥也帶上."不帶上他,我是哪里也去不了的.因此,我慫恿鄰居的孩子到我家來,盡情地玩孩子們玩的游戲.MymothertaughtJimmypracticalthingslikehowtobrushhisteethorputonbelt.Myfather,asaint,simplyheldthehousetogetherwithhispatienceandunderstanding.IwasinchargeoutsidewhereIadministeredjusticebytrackingdowntheparentsofthekidswhopickedonmybrother,andtellingonthem.我母親教吉米學習日常自理,比如刷牙或系皮帶什么的.我父親宅心仁厚,他的耐心和理解使一家人心貼著心.我則負責外面的事,找到那些欺負我哥哥的孩子們的父母,告他們的狀,為我哥哥討回公道.MyfatherandJimmywereinseparable.Theyatebreakfasttogetherandonweekdaysdroveofftothenavyshippingcentereverymorningwheretheybothworked-Jimmyunloadedcolor-codedboxes.Atnightafterdinner,theywouldtalkandplaygameslateintotheevening.Theyevenwhistledthesametunes.父親和吉米形影不離.他們一道吃早飯,平時每天早上一道開車去海軍航運中心,他們都在那里工作,吉米在那搬卸標有彩色代號的箱子.晚飯后,他們一道交談,玩游戲,直到深夜.他們甚至用口哨吹相同的曲調(diào).Sowhenmyfatherdiedofaheartattackin1991,Jimmywasawreck,beneathhiscarefuldisguise.Hewassimplyindisbelief.Usuallyveryagreeable,henowquitspeakingaltogetherandnoamountofwordscouldpenetratethevacantexpressionheworeonhisface.Ihiredsomeonetolivewithhimanddrivehimtowork,butnomatterhowmuchItriedtomakethingsstaythesame,evenJimmygraspedthattheworldhe’dknownwasgone.OnedayIasked,"YoumissDad,don’tyou?"Hislipsquiveredandthenheasked,"Whatdoyouthink,Margaret?Hewasmybestfriend."Ourtearsbeganflow.所以,父親1991年因心臟病去世時,吉米幾乎崩潰了,盡管他盡量不表現(xiàn)出來.他就是不能相信父親去世這一事實.通常,他是一個令人愉快的人,現(xiàn)在卻一言不發(fā),無論說多少話都不能透過他木然的臉部表情了解他的心事.我雇了一個人和他住在一起,開車送他去上班.然而,不管我怎么努力地維持原狀,吉米還是認為他熟悉的世界已經(jīng)消失了.有一天,我問他："你是不是想念爸爸？"他的嘴唇顫抖了幾下,然后問我："你怎么看,瑪格麗特？他是我最好的朋友."接著,我倆都流下了眼淚.MymotherdiedoflungcancersixmonthslaterandIalonewaslefttolookafterJimmy.六個月后,母親因肺癌去世,剩下我一人來照顧吉米.Hedidn’tadjusttogoingtoworkwithoutmyfatherrightaway,sohecameandlivedwithmeinNewYorkCityforawhile.HewentwhereverIwentandseemedtoadjustprettywell.Still,Jimmylongedtoliveinmyparents’houseandworkathisoldjobandIpledgedtohelphimreturn.Eventually,Iwasabletoworkitout.Hehaslivedtherefor11yearsnowwithmanydifferentcaretakersandblossomedonhisown.Hehasbecomeessentialtotheneighborhood.Whenyouhaveanymailtobepickeduporyourdogneedswalking,heisyourman.吉米不能馬上適應去上班時沒有父親陪著,因此搬來紐約和我一起住了一段時間.我走到哪里他就跟到哪里,他好像適應得很好.但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里,繼續(xù)干他原來的工作.我答應把他送回去.此事最后做成了.如今,他在那里生活了11年,在許多人的照料下,同時依靠自己生活得有聲有色.他已成了鄰里間不可或缺的人物.如果你有郵件要收,或有狗要遛,他就是你所要的人.Mymotherwasright,ofcourse:Itwaspossibletohaveahomewithroomforbothhislimitationsandmyambitions.Infact,caringforsomeonewholovesasdeeplyandappreciatesmyeffortsasmuchasJimmydoeshasenrichedmylifemorethananythingelseevercouldhave.當然,母親的話沒錯：可以有一個家,既能容納他的缺陷又能裝下我的雄心.事實上,關照像吉米這樣一個深愛又感激我的人,更加豐富了我的生活,其他任何東西都不能與之相比.ThishithomeafewdaysaftertheSeptember11thdisasteronJimmy’s57thbirthday.IhadapartyforhiminmyhomeinNewYork,butnoneofourfamilycouldjoinusbecausetravelwasdifficultandtheywerestillreckoningwiththesheerterrorthedisasterhadbrought.Icalledonmyfaithfulfriendstohelpmakeitamerryandfestiveoccasion,ignoringthefactthatmostofthemwereemotionallydrainedandexhausted.Insteadofthecustomary"Nogifts,please",Ishouted,"Gifts!Please!"這一點,在9?11災難后幾天更顯真切.那天是吉米57歲生日.我在紐約自己的家里為他舉辦生日宴會,但是我們家的人都沒能來參加,因為交通困難,而且災難帶來的恐懼使他們依然心有余悸.我邀請了我的好友,請他們來幫忙把宴會弄得熱鬧些,增加點歡快氣氛,沒去理會他們多數(shù)人在情感上都有些疲憊這一事實.于是我一反常態(tài),沒說"請不要帶禮物",而是向他們喊"請帶禮物來".Myfriends-peopleJimmyhadcometoknowovertheyears-broughttheidealpresents:countrymusicCDs,asweatshirt,oneleatherbeltwith"J-I-M-M-Y"onit,aknittedwoolhatandacowboycostume.Theeveningleduptothegiftsandthenthechocolatecakefromhisfavoritebakery,andofcoursetheceremonywasn’tcompletewithoutthesinging.我的朋友──吉米認識他們多年了──帶來了中意的禮物：鄉(xiāng)村音樂CD、一件長袖運動衫、一條有"吉米"字樣的皮帶、一頂編織的羊毛帽,還有一套牛仔服.那天晚上,我們先是送禮物,然后是切從他喜歡的面包店里買來的巧克力蛋糕,當然還唱了"生日歌",否則宴會就不算完整了.AthousandtimesJimmyasked,"Isittimeforthecakeyet?"AfterdinnerandthegiftsJimmycouldnolongerberestrained.Heanxiouslywaitedforthecandlestobelitandthenblewthemoutwithonelongbreathaswellallsang"Happybirthday".Jimmywasn’tsatisfiedwithoureffort,though.Hejumpeduponthechairandstooderectpointingbothindexfingersintotheairtoconductusandyelled,"One…more…time!"Wesangwithalloftheenergyleftinoursoulsandwhenwewerefinishedheputbothhisthumbsupandshouted."Thatwassuper!"吉米一次次地問："該切蛋糕了吧？"等用完餐和送完禮物后,吉米再也控制不住了.他焦急地等著點上蠟燭,然后在我們"生日快樂"的歌聲中,一口長氣吹滅了蠟燭.戶然而吉米對我們的努力還是感到不滿足.他縱身跳到椅子上,直挺著身子,雙手食指朝天,一邊喊一邊指揮我們唱歌："再──來──次！"我們?nèi)σ愿暗爻?待我們唱完時,他翹起兩個拇指喊道："好極了！"Wehadwantedtolethimknowthatnomatterhowdifficultthingsgotintheworld,therewouldalwaysbepeoplewhocaredabouthim.Weendedupremindingourselvesinstead.ForJimmy,thelovewithwhichwesangwasawelcomebonus,butmostlyhehadjustwantedtoseeeveryoneelsehappyagain.本來我們想讓他知道,無論世上有多難的事情,總是有人來關心他.現(xiàn)在反倒是提醒了我們自己.對于吉米來說,我們唱歌時的愛心,是他心中額外的禮物,但是他原先更想看到的,是別人再次感到快樂.Justasmyfather’sdeathhadchangedJimmy’sworldovernight,September11thchangedourlives;theworldwe’dknownwasgone.But,aswesangforJimmyandheldeachtightafterwardprayingforpeacearoundtheworld,wewereremindedthattheconstantloveandsupportofourfriendsandfamilywouldgetusthroughwhateverlifemightpresent.ThesimplicitywithwhichJimmyhadreconciledeverythingforusshouldnothavebeensurprising.TherehadneverbeenlimitationstowhatJimmy’slovecouldaccomplish.有如父親的去世一夜之間改變了吉米的世界,9?11也改變了我們的生活；我們熟悉的世界不復存在了.但是,當我們?yōu)榧壮?相互緊擁,祈禱全球和平時,我們也意識到,朋友、家人間永恒的愛和支持可以讓我們克服生活中的任何困難.吉米以樸素的方式為我們協(xié)調(diào)了眼前的一切,他做到這一點并不令人吃驚.吉米的愛可以征服一切,這是任何東西都限制不了的.Unit2ASportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedforyearsthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.NowanewstudybyateamofPurdueUniversity運動醫(yī)學專家經(jīng)過多年的觀察,發(fā)現(xiàn)耐力運動員,特別是女性,經(jīng)常會缺鐵.普渡大學研究人員進行的一項新的研究表明：即使是適度的鍛煉,也可能會降低女性血液中的鐵含量."Wefoundthatwomenwhowerenormallyinactiveandthenstartedaprogramofmoderateexerciseshowedevidenceofironloss,"saysRoseanneM.Lyle,associateprofessoratPurdue.Herstudyof62formerlyinactivewomenwhobeganexercisingthreetimesaweekforsixmonthswaspublishedinthejournalMedicine&ScienceinSports&Exercise."我們發(fā)現(xiàn),那些通常不運動的女性一旦開始適度的鍛煉,就會出現(xiàn)鐵含量下降的跡象,"普渡大學羅斯安妮?M.萊爾副教授說.她對62名婦女進行了研究,并將研究結果發(fā)表在《體育運動醫(yī)學與科學》雜志上.這些婦女原先不怎么運動,后來開始了為期6個月、每周3次的鍛煉."Womenwhoconsumedadditionalmeatortookironsupplementswereabletobounceback,"shenotes."Butthenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels."萊爾指出："那些增食肉類食品或服用鐵質補劑的女性能夠恢復到健康狀態(tài).但突然參加鍛煉卻仍沿用舊食譜的人則顯示出鐵含量降低."Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomeningeneral,affectingoneinfourfemaleteenagersandoneinfivewomenaged18to45,respectively.Buttheratioisevengreateramongactivewomen,affectingupto80percentoffemaleenduranceathletes.Thismeans,Lylesays,that"toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein";.Womenofchild-bearingageareatgreatestrisk,sincetheirmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss.Plus,manyhealth-consciouswomenincreasetheirriskbyrejectingredmeat,whichcontainsthemosteasilyabsorbedformofiron.Andbecausewomenoftenrestricttheirdietinanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynotconsumeenoughiron-richfood,andareliabletoexperienceadeficiency.缺鐵在女性中是很常見的,每四個十幾歲的少女中有一人缺鐵,每五個18至45歲的女性中有一人缺鐵.而在積極鍛煉的婦女中這一比例更高,女耐力運動員中,缺鐵者比例則高達80%.萊爾說,這意味著"太多女性忽視了自己攝入的鐵含量".

育齡女性危險最大,因為月經(jīng)是鐵流失的重要原因之一.此外,許多保健意識太強的女性也很危險,因為她們拒絕食用牛肉或羊肉,而這些肉中含有的鐵最易被吸收.而且,由于女性常常為了控制體重而節(jié)食,從而未能攝取足夠的含鐵豐富的食物,結果可能導致缺鐵."Theaveragewomantakesinonlytwothirdsoftherecommendeddailyallowanceforiron,"notesanotherexpert."Forawomanwhoalreadyhasapoorironstatus,anyadditionalironlossfromexercisemaybeenoughtotipherovertheedgeintoamoreseriousdeficiency,"notestheexpert.

另一名專家指出,"普通女性每天攝入的鐵只是應攝入量的三分之二."

他指出,"對于那些已經(jīng)缺鐵的女性,任何因鍛煉而產(chǎn)生的更多鐵質流失都足以導致體內(nèi)缺鐵狀況的惡化."運動可能通過多種機制導致鐵流失.Exercisecanresultinironlossthroughavarietyofmechanisms.Someironislostinsweat,and,forunknownreasons,intenseenduranceexerciseissometimesassociatedwithbleedingofthedigestivesystem.Athletesinhigh-impactsportssuchasrunningmayalsoloseironthroughaphenomenonwheresmallbloodvesselsinthefeetleakblood.有些鐵隨汗液流失.另外,由于某些未知的原因,高強度的耐力運動有時會引起消化系統(tǒng)內(nèi)出血.運動員從事跑步之類高強度劇烈運動,也可能會因為足部血管失血的現(xiàn)象而使鐵質流失.Therearethreestagesofirondeficiency.Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.Fatigueandpoorperformancemaybegintoappearinthesecondstageofdeficiency,whennotenoughironispresenttoformthemoleculesofbloodproteinthattransportoxygentotheworkingmuscles.Inthethirdandfinalstage,peopleoftenfeelweak,tired,andoutofbreath—andexerciseperformanceisseverelycompromised.缺鐵分為三個階段：第一也即最常見的階段,是鐵質儲量不足.這一階段一般沒有癥狀.到了缺鐵的第二階段,就會出現(xiàn)疲倦和力不從心,此時體內(nèi)已沒有足夠的鐵來形成血蛋白分子,將氧輸至運動肌肉.在第三即最后階段,人常常感到虛弱、疲乏無力、喘不過氣,運動成績大打折扣."Peoplethinkthatifthey'renotatthethirdstage,nothingiswrong,butthat'snottrue,"saysJohnL.Beard,whohelpeddesignthePurduestudy."You'renotstage3untilyourironreservesgotozero,andifyouwaituntilthatpoint,you'reintrouble.""人們認為,只要不到第三階段就不會有什么問題.這種想法是不對的."幫助設計普渡大學研究的約翰?L.比爾德說."只有當你的鐵儲量為零時,你才會進入第三階段.而你若坐等到這個時候,你的麻煩就大了."However,mostpeoplewithlowironreservesdon'tknowtheyhaveadeficiency,becausetraditionalmethodsofcalculatingtheamountofironinblood<bycheckinglevelsofthebloodproteinthattransportsoxygen>arenotsufficient,Beardstates.Instead,it'simportanttochecklevelsofadifferentcompound,whichindicatestheamountofstorageofironintheblood.Whileactive,child-bearingagewomenaremostlikelytohavelowironstores,henotes,"Menarenotsafe,especiallyiftheydon'teatmeatandhaveahighlevelofphysicalactivity."<Anestimated15percentofmalelongdistancerunnershavelowironstores.>Beardandotherexpertssayit'sadvisableforpeopleinthesegroupstohaveayearlybloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.然而,比爾德指出,大多數(shù)鐵質儲量低的人并未意識到自己缺鐵,因為傳統(tǒng)的檢測血液中鐵含量的方法──檢驗血液中輸送氧氣的血蛋白的含量──是不夠的.其實,有必要檢查血液中另一種混合成分的含量,它可以顯示血液中的鐵含量.他還指出,雖然積極鍛煉的育齡婦女最有可能鐵含量低,"但男性也并非不缺鐵,尤其是在他們不吃肉類而又從事高強度的體力活動的情況下."

〔估計有15%的男性長跑運動員鐵含量低.比爾德和其他專家都說,對這些人而言,最好每年驗一次血,以測定血液中的鐵含量.Ifironlevelsarelow,talkwithaphysiciantoseeifthedeficiencyshouldbecorrectedbymodifyingyourdietorbytakingsupplements.Ingeneral,it'sbettertoundotheproblembyaddingmoreiron-richfoodstothediet,becauseironsupplementscanhaveseriousshortcomings.Supplementsmayproduceafeelingofwantingtothrowup,andmaybepoisonousinsomecases.Thebestsourcesofiron,andtheonlysourcesoftheformofironmostreadilyabsorbedbythebody,aremeat,chicken,andfish.Goodsourcesofotherformsofironincludedates,beans,andsomeleafygreenvegetables.如果鐵含量低,就要去看醫(yī)生,以確定是否該通過調(diào)整飲食或服用鐵質補劑來校正不足.一般說來,解決問題的最好方法是在食譜中增加含鐵豐富的食物,因為鐵質補劑可能存在嚴重缺陷."服用鐵質補劑可能使人想嘔吐,有時甚至還會引起中毒.最好的鐵來源,以及唯一最易為身體所吸收的鐵來源,是肉、雞和魚.其他較好的鐵質來源包括棗、豆類和一些多葉綠色蔬菜.""Selectbreadsandcerealswiththewords'iron-added'onthelabel,"writessportsdietexpertNancyClark."Thisaddedironsupplementsthesmallamountthatnaturallyoccursingrains.EatthesefoodswithplentifulVitaminC<forexample,drinkorangejuicewithcerealorputatomatoonasandwich>toenhancetheamountofironabsorbed."Clarkalsorecommendscookinginironpans,asfoodcanderiveironfromthepanduringthecookingprocess."Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times,"shewrites.Andpeoplewhoarelikelytohavelowironshouldavoiddrinkingcoffeeorteawithmeals,shesays,sincesubstancesinthesedrinkscaninterferewithironbeingabsorbedintothebody."選擇那些標有‘加鐵’字樣的面包和麥片,"運動營養(yǎng)專家南希?克拉克寫道,"這些增加的鐵質補充了谷物中自然含鐵量的不足.將這些食物與含有大量維生素C的食物一起食用──比如吃麥片時喝橘子汁,或在XX治內(nèi)夾上番茄──可以促進鐵質吸收."

克拉克還建議用鐵鍋烹食,因為烹調(diào)過程中食物能從鐵鍋中吸收鐵質.她寫道,"在鐵鍋內(nèi)烹煮了3個小時的番茄汁,其鐵含量大大提高,增加到原來的30倍左右."她說,鐵含量可能低的人,吃飯時應避免喝咖啡或飲茶,因為這些飲料中所含的物質會妨礙身體對鐵質的吸收."Activewomenneedtobealotmorecarefulabouttheirfoodchoices,"sumsupPurdue'sLyle."Ifyoupayattentiontowarningsignsbeforeironreservesaregone,youcanremedythedeficiencybeforeitreallybecomesaproblem.""運動女性應特別注意選擇飲食."普渡大學的萊爾總結說："如果你在鐵含量流失之前就注意到了警告信號,你就可以在它真正成為問題之前彌補鐵質的不足."Unit5AIhaveneverseenMrs.Clarkbefore,butIknowfromhermedicalchartandthereportIreceivedfromtheprecedingshiftthattonightshewilldie.我從未見過克拉克夫人,但看過她的醫(yī)療記錄和上一位值班醫(yī)生交給我的報告后,我知道她今晚會去世.Theonlylightinherroomiscomingfromapieceofmedicalequipment,whichisflashingitsredlightasifinwarning.AsIstandthere,thesmellhitsmynose,andIclosemyeyesasIrememberthesmellofdecayfrompastexperience.InmymouthIhaveasour,vinegartastecomingfromthepitofmystomach.Ireachforthelightswitch,andasitsilentlylightsthescene,Ireturntothebedtoobservethepatientwithanunemotional,medicaleye.她屋里唯一的光線來自一臺醫(yī)療設備,它閃著紅光,似乎在發(fā)出警告.我站在那里,一股怪味刺激著我的鼻子,我想起了過去聞到過的腐爛的氣味,我閉上了眼睛.我嘴里有一股從胃里返上來的酸味.我伸手去開燈.燈靜靜地照亮了整個病房,我走回病床邊,用無動于衷的、醫(yī)生的目光觀察著病人.Mrs.Clarkisdying.Sheliesmotionless:theheadseemsunusuallylargeonaskeletonbody;theskinisdarkyellowandhangslooselyaroundexaggeratedbonesthatnotevenablanketcanhide;therightarmliesstraightoutattheside,tapedcruellytoaboardtosecureaneedlesothatfluidmaydripin;theleftarmisacrossthesunkenchest,whichrisesandfallswiththeunevenbreaths.克拉克夫人已奄奄一息了.她一動不動地躺著：骨瘦如柴的身體使她的頭顯得特別大；皮膚呈暗黃色,松松地裹在嶙峋的、連毛毯也遮掩不住的骨骼上；她的右臂平伸在床邊,被無情地用膠帶固定在一塊板上,以便能固定針頭使液體滴入；左臂橫放在深陷的胸部,胸口隨著不均勻的呼吸一起一伏.Ireachforthelong,thinfingersthatarelyingonthechest.Theyareicecold,andIquicklymovetothewristandfeelforthefaintpulse.Mrs.Clark'seyesopensomewhatasherheadturnstowardmeslightly.Ibendclosetoherandscarcelyhearasshewhispers,"Water."Takingaglassofwaterfromthetable,Iputmyfingerovertheendofthestrawandallowafewdropsofthecoolmoisturetoslideintohermouthandeaseherthirst.Shemakesnoattempttoswallow;thereisjustnotenoughstrength."More,"thedryvoicesays,andwerepeattheprocedure.Thistimeshedoesmanagetoswallowsomeliquidandweaklysays,"Thank,you."我伸手去觸摸她放在胸口的細長手指.冰涼冰涼的.我忙將手移到她的手腕,去感覺那微弱的脈搏.克拉克夫人將頭稍稍轉向我,微微地睜開眼.我俯過身去,勉強聽見她微弱的聲音："水."我從桌上拿起一杯水,用手指封著吸管的一端,滴了幾滴涼涼的水到她的嘴里,以緩解她的干渴.她沒有用力去吞咽,因為力氣不夠."還要,"那干澀的聲音說.于是我們又重復了一次.這次她終于咽了一些,并輕輕說了聲："謝謝,你."Sheistooweakforconversation,sowithoutasking,Igoaboutprovidingforherneeds.Pickingherupinmyarmslikeachild,Iturnheronherside.Naked,exceptforalighthospitalgown,sheissoverysmallandlightthatsheseemslikeavictimofsometerriblefamine.Iremovethelidfromajarofskincreamandputsomeonthepalmofmyhand.Carefully,toavoidinjuringher,Irubcreamintotheyellowskin,whichrollsfreelyoverthebones,feelingperfectlytheoutlineofeachboneintheback.Placingapillowbetweenherlegs,Inoticethatthesetooareicecold,andnotuntilIrunmyhandupoverherkneesdoIfeelanyofthelife-givingwarmthofblood.她虛弱得沒法交談,因此沒等她要求,我就開始做她所需要的.我像抱孩子似的把她抱起來,給她翻了個身.除了一件淺色的病號服,她什么也沒穿.她又小又輕,像遭受了嚴重饑荒一樣.我打開護膚霜的瓶蓋,揩了一些在手心.為了不傷著她,我小心翼翼地把護膚霜擦在她發(fā)黃的皮膚上.她的皮膚松松地在骨頭上滑動,背上每塊骨頭的輪廓都能清楚地摸到.當我把枕頭放在她兩腿之間時,發(fā)現(xiàn)它們也是冰涼的,直到把手移到她膝蓋以上的部位,我才感受到血液供給生命的熱度.WhenIamfinished,Ipullachairupbesidethebedtofaceherand,takingherfreehandbetweenmine,againnoticethelong,thinfingers.Graceful.Iwonderbrieflyifshehasanyfamily,andthenIseethatthereareneitherflowers,norpicturesofrainbowsandbutterfliesdrawnbychildren,norcards.Thereisnohintintheroomanywherethatthisisapersonwhoisloved.Asthoughsheisamindreader,Mrs.Clarkanswersmythoughtsandquietlytellsme,"Isent...myfamily...home...tonight...didn'twant...them...tosee..."Havingspentherlastounceofstrengthshecannotgoon,butIhaveunderstoodwhatshehasdone.Notknowingwhattosay,Isaynothing.Againsheseemstosensemythoughts,"You…stay…"而后,我挪了把椅子面朝她坐在床邊,握住她那只沒被固定的手,此時我又一次注意到她細長的手指.很優(yōu)雅.一時間,我突然想知道她是否有家庭,接著我發(fā)現(xiàn)病房里沒有花,沒有孩子們畫的彩虹和蝴蝶,也沒有卡片.房間中沒有任何跡象表明她是一個被人愛著的人.她似乎讀懂了我的心思,平靜地回答我說："今天…我讓…家里人…都…回家…不想…他們…看見"她耗盡了最后的那點力氣,再也說不下去了.但我已然明白她做了些什么.我不知道說什么好,所以什么也沒說.她好像又看穿了我的心思："你…留下…"Timeseemstostandstill.Inthetotalsilence,Ifeelmyownpulsequickenandhearmybreathingasitbeginstomatchhers,breathforunevenbreath.Oureyesmeetandsomehow,together,webecomeawarethatthisisaspecialmomentbetweentwohumanbeings.HerlongfingerscurleasilyaroundmyhandandInodmyheadslowly,smiling.Withoutwords,throughyellowedeyes,Ireceivemythankyouandhereyesslowlyclose.時間似乎停滯了.在一片寂靜中,我感覺自己的脈搏加快了,我聽到自己的呼吸開始伴隨著她那不均勻的呼吸一起一落.我們互相對視,不知怎么的,我們都意識到,這是兩個生命間的一個特殊時刻.她那細長的手指很輕易地就攏住了我的手,我微笑著慢慢點了點頭.無需任何語言,我從她發(fā)黃的眼睛中感受到了她對我的謝意,她慢慢閉上了眼睛.Someunknownintervaloftimepassesbeforehereyesopenagain,onlythistimethereisnoresponseinthem,justablankstare.Withoutwarning,hershallowbreathingstops,andwithinafewmoments,thefaintpulseisalsogone.Onesingletearflowsfromherlefteye,acrossthecheekanddownontothepillow.Ibegintocryquietly.Thereisaswellofemotionwithinmeforthisstrangerwhosoquicklycameintoandwentfrommylife.Hersufferingisdone,yetsoisthelife.Slowly,stillholdingherhand,IbecomeawarethatIdonotmindthisemotionalbattle,thatinfact,itwasaprivilegeshehasallowedme,andIwoulddoitagain,gladly.Mrs.Clarksparedherfamilyanepisodethatperhapstheywerenotequippedtohandleandinsteadshareditwithme.Shehadnotwantedtohaveherfamilyseeherdie,yetshedidnotwanttodiealone.Nooneshoulddiealone,andIamgladIwasthereforher.不知過了多長時間,她又睜開了雙眼,只是這一次目光里沒有任何反應,只有空洞的凝視.沒有一點先兆,她那細弱的呼吸停止了.很快,微弱的脈搏也消失了.一顆淚珠從她的左眼中流出,滑過臉頰,落在枕上.我開始輕聲哭泣.對這位迅速走進又走出我生活的陌生人,我心間涌起了一股感情.她的痛苦結束了,可她的生命也結束了.我依然握著她的手,漸漸地,我意識到我并不害怕這種感情之戰(zhàn),意識到這實際是她賜予我的特殊榮幸,而且我還樂意再來一次.克拉克夫人沒有讓她的家人目睹這一幕他們或許無力面對的人生插曲,卻與我分享了它.她不想讓家人看著她死去,然而她也不愿孤獨地離去.不應當有人孤獨離去的,我很高興能守候在她身邊.兩天后,我在報上讀到了克拉克夫人的消息.Twodayslater,IreadaboutMrs.Clarkinthenewspaper.Shewasthemotherofseven,grandmotherofeighteen,anactivememberofherchurch,aleaderofvolunteerassociationsinhercommunity,aconcertpianoplayer,andapianoteacherforoverthirtyyears.Yes,theywerelongandgracefulfingers.原來她是7個孩子的母親、18個孩子的祖母、教會里的活躍分子、社區(qū)志愿者協(xié)會的領導人、音樂會鋼琴演奏家、從教30余年的鋼琴教師.是啊,她的手指是那樣細長而優(yōu)雅.Unit7AWhenIwas19,IcaughtsightofthefutureandbasedmycareeronwhatIsaw.Iturnedouttohavebeenright."—BillGates"我19歲看到了未來,并將我的所見當作我事業(yè)的基點,結果證明我是對的."──比爾?蓋茨He'sthemostfamousbusinessmanandtherichestmanintheworld—worthanestimated$40billionin1997.他是當今世上最著名的商人、最有錢的富豪──1997年他的資產(chǎn)預計為400億美元.Withoutadoubt,BillGatesbelongsinthesameclassasThomasEdison,AlexanderGrahamBell,andothergreatmindswhochangedtheworld.毫無疑問,他與托馬斯?愛迪生、亞歷山大?格雷厄姆?貝爾以及其他改變世界的偉人屬于同一行列.Theself-described"hacker"hasdominatedthepersonalcomputingrevolutionandmodernizedthewholeworldintheprocess..這個自稱為"黑客"的人主導著個人計算機革命,并在這一過程中使整個世界現(xiàn)代化.Indeed,hisclassificationintoanyotherrankthanthiswouldseriouslyunderstatehisimpactontheworld的確,將他劃入任何其他行列,都可能大大淡化他對世界的影響.Gates'successstemsfromhispersonality:anunbelievableandattimesfrighteningblendofhigh-voltagebrilliance,driveandcompetitiveness.WhenthechairmanandCEOwalksthroughthecorridorsofMicrosoft,itislikeaswitchbeingturnedon;everythingandeveryonearoundhimischargedwith10,000voltsofelectricity.GatessetstheexampleandMicrosoftemployeesfollow.Theschedulehekeepsisonehintastowhatheexpectsfromhisemployees.It'snotunusualforthe"dean"ofthe"Microsoftcampus"toputin16-hourdays蓋茨的成功源自他的人格：他才華橫溢、沖勁十足、爭強好勝,這些加在一起令人難以置信,有時甚至令人畏懼.當這位董事長兼首席執(zhí)行官走過微軟大樓的走廊時,他身邊的人和物就像被打開了電源,充了一萬伏電.蓋茨樹立了榜樣,微軟的員工緊隨其后.他的工作安排暗示著他對員工的期待.這位"微軟校園"的"校長"經(jīng)常每天工作16小時.Indeed,ifthere'sonethingthatdistinguishestheGatesstyle,itishistimemanagementskills.Conservationoftime,energy,andfocusarehishallmarks.Hemovesbetweenplayingtheroleofinternationalspokesmanfortheageoftechnologyandplanningbusinessstrategybackatheadquarters,gettingthemaximumamountofworkpossibleoutofeveryminute.Alwayspunctualandalwaysinhighgear,hetypicallyleavesonlythetiniestcracksinthedayforeating,talkingtofriendsorrecreation.ThejokearoundMicrosoftisthathisreceptionististhehardestworkingpersonintheworld.Infact,hehasseveralreceptionists.Heprobablyneedsonejusttoarrangehistravelplansandvisastoforeigncountries.的確,如果說蓋茨的風格與他人有別的話,那就是他把握時間的技能.節(jié)約時間、精力充沛和專心致志是他的突出特點.他一會兒充當技術時代的國際代言人,一會兒在微軟總部謀劃經(jīng)營策略,充分利用每一分鐘,最大限度的開展工作.他總是準時,總是處于高速運轉狀態(tài),他習慣利用白天的點滴空閑進餐、與朋友交談或娛樂.微軟人笑話他的接待員是天底下最勤奮的人.事實上,他有幾個接待員.他或許需要有人專門安排他的旅行計劃和去國外的簽證.Onthesubjectoftravel,hehasbecomeknownforsavingmoneyandtimeaswell.Onbusinesstrips,hefliescommercialwheneverpossibleandintheinterestoftime,henevercheckshisbaggage.Hishostsalsofindtheysavemoneywhenheisintown.Thereisnotimeinhisschedulefortourismofanykind,noexcursionsorsightseeingtripsareonhisagenda.It'sjustwork,work,work.說到旅行,他節(jié)約錢和時間也是出了名的.出差時,他盡可能坐普通民航飛機；為了節(jié)省時間,他從不托運行李.接待他的東道主也發(fā)現(xiàn),他住在城里時他們很省錢.他的時間表上沒有計劃旅游的時間,日程表上也沒有游覽或觀光計劃.有的只是工作,工作,工作.Anothertraitthatmakeshimsounusualishisincredible"multitasking"ability.Athisdesk,heworksontwocomputers,onewithmultipleframesthatsequencedatastreaminginfromtheInternet,andtheotherhandlingthehundredsofe-mailmessagesandlettershereceives.Hemayevenreviewdatawhileconductingameetingusingavideophone.另一個使他與眾不同的特質是他令人難以置信的"多任務操作"能力.他辦公時使用兩臺電腦,一臺開有多重窗口以編排從英特網(wǎng)上不斷接收的數(shù)據(jù),另一臺處理他接收的數(shù)以百計的電子郵件.甚至他在用可視電話主持會議時,還能審核數(shù)據(jù).Gatesrunshiscompanymainlythroughthreemethods:Hebatsoutahundredormoree-mailmessagesaday<andnight>;hemeetseverymonthorsowithhistopmanagementpanelofexpertsandadvisers;andmostimportantly,heholdstwoorthreesmallreviewmeetingsadaywithaprocessionofteamsworkingonthecompany'svariousproducts.Hedoesn'taddressanyonebynameorhandouttoomuchpraise,buthedoesgoroundthetableclockwiseandlistenscarefullytoeveryonewhohasanidea.Whenheisunclearaboutsomething,hequizzesandchallengeshisstaff."Educatemeonthat,"hemightsay,lookingtomakeclearavaguestatement.Everydecisionhemakesisbasedonhisknowledgeofitsmerits.Hedoesn'tneedtorelyonpersonalpolitics.蓋茨主要通過以下三種方法來經(jīng)營他的公司：他每天〔和每晚發(fā)出100封或更多電子郵件；他大約每月與由專家和顧問組成的高層管理委員會會晤一次；更重要的是,他每天召開兩三個小型碰頭會,接連與會的是研發(fā)公司各種產(chǎn)品的團隊.他不作指名道姓的個別談話,也不作太多的表揚,只作順時針方向的圓桌會談,仔細聽取每個人的意見.遇到不太明白的說法,他就詢問甚至質疑他的手下."請就此明示,"他會這么說,希望把不清楚的地方弄明白.他作出的每個決定,都是基于對其價值的了解.他不需要依賴個人權術.WhenBillGateswasinthesixthgrade,hisparentssenthimtoseeapsychologist.Afterayearofsessionsandtests,thepsychologistreachedhisconclusion."You'regoingtolose,"hetoldGates'motherMary."Youhadbetterjustadjusttoitbecausethere'snousetryingtobeathim."Inthe22yearssincehedroppedoutofHarvardtoconquertheworldofcomputeroperatingsystemsandapplicationsoftware,hehasbeendeadlyforcompetitorstryingtoclawtheirwayintothemarket.比爾?蓋茨讀六年級時,他父母送他去看心理醫(yī)生.一年后,經(jīng)過多次看醫(yī)生和檢查,醫(yī)生有了結論."您管不了他的,"他對蓋茨的母親瑪麗說."最好接受現(xiàn)實,打他是不管用的."自從蓋茨從哈佛退學轉去攻克計算機操作系統(tǒng)和應用軟件,22年來他一直是那些企圖擠進這個市場的競爭對手的死敵.Inearly1975,attheageof19,whileatHarvardUniversity,heandPaulAllenwroteaninterpreterfortheprogramminglanguageusedbyMITSAltair,thefirstcommerciallyavailablepersonalcomputer.Itwastheirintenserelationship—Gatestheworkaholiccodewriterandcompetitor,Allenthedreamyvisionary—thatlaidthefirstbrickinthefoundationofMicrosoft.In1976,GatesbeganlicensingMicrosoft'ssoftwareproductsdirectlytocomputermanufacturers,whichdramaticallyincreasedMicrosoft'sprofits.AlthoughMITSsoonfolded,Microsofthadalreadyattractednewcustomersincluding,atthetime,smallhardwarefirmslikeApple,CommodoreandTandy.1976年,蓋茨開始許可計算機生產(chǎn)商直接配銷微軟軟件產(chǎn)品,這大大增加了微軟的利潤.盡管MITS很快就關閉了,微軟卻已吸引住了新的顧客,還包括當時一些小硬件公司,如蘋果公司,柯摩多爾公司和坦迪公司.In1980,IBMinvitedMicrosofttowriteaseriesofprogramminglanguagesforitsnewpersonalcomputer,theIBMPC.GatesofferedthatMicrosoftcouldalsoproducetheoperatingsystems<MS-DOS>.TheIBMPCandMSDOSwerbundledtogetherandannouncedtothepublicinAugust1981.Throughoutthe1980sMicrosoftmovedsteadilyupwardandbythe1990sMS-DOShadbeenexportedaroundtheworldandhadbecomethedominantsoftwareplatform.By1995,roughly85percentoftheworld'spersonalcomputerswereusingaMicrosoftoperatingsystem.1980年,IBM〔美國國際商用機器公司邀請微軟為其新產(chǎn)品即IBM個人電腦〔IBMPC編寫一整套程序設計語言.蓋茨提議微軟也可以生產(chǎn)操作系統(tǒng)〔即微軟磁盤操作系統(tǒng),MS-DOS.于是IMBPC和MS-DOS便捆綁在一起,并于1981年8月面世.整個20世紀80年代,微軟穩(wěn)定發(fā)展.到了90年代,MS-DOS已出口到世界各地,成了獨霸全球的軟件平臺.到1995年,全世界大約85%的個人電腦使用微軟操作系統(tǒng).TodaytheMicrosoftcampusisa"home"fornewideasandproductsthatcurrentlynumberover200.Ithasmushroomed<tonearly18,000employeesand$6billioninprofits.By1992,atleast3,400ofMicrosoft'semployeeshadbecomemillionairesfromtheirstocks.如今,"微軟校園"成了新思想和新產(chǎn)品的"家園",產(chǎn)品數(shù)量目前超過200種.其雇員迅速增加到將近18,000人,利潤達到60億美元.到1992年,至少有3,400名微軟雇員因持有微軟股份而成為百萬富翁.GateshopestostillberunningMicrosoftforanother10years,hesays,andthenpromisestofocusintenselyonhisfamilyandgivinghismoneyaway,butthatwon'tbethelastyouhearofhim.Almosteveryoneinthedevelopedworldhasusedorisusingaproductthatheownsapieceof,fromsurfingwebsitesonMicrosoftExplorertowatchingmoviesbroughttousbythedistributorDreamWorksSKG.Onecanonlywonderwhathewilldointhenearfuture.蓋茨說,他希望再經(jīng)營微軟十年,并許諾之后會將主要精力放在家庭和捐贈自己的錢財上.但是這不會是你聽到他的最后的故事.在發(fā)達國家,幾乎人人都已使用或正在使用含有他的部件的產(chǎn)品.人們借用微軟瀏覽器上網(wǎng),觀看夢工廠帶來的影片.人們唯獨不知道的是,不久的將來他還會干什么.Unit8AAtfirstitwasjustplainsurprising.Wordthatscientistssucceededincloninganadultmammal—anachievementlongthoughtimpossible—caughttheimaginationofeveryone.Thelaboratorypro