Unit6 Starting out - Using language 詞匯精講課堂

詞匯課堂版本：新外研單元：必修二Unit6(Startingout—Usinglanguage)本單元詞匯梳理1.shark：音譯詞“鯊魚”2.scare：近義詞：frighten；派生詞：scary,scared(分詞形容詞)

詞塊：scare…away/off3.dueto=becauseof4.dive：一詞多義：基本義“向下沖”

隱喻：具體的“跳水”→抽象的“沖向；俯沖”

詞塊：diveinto,godiving；派生詞：diver5.target：隱喻：具體的“靶子（目標(biāo)）”→抽象的“目標(biāo)（靶子）”詞塊：setatarget,achieve/realiseone’starget,targetaudience

名詞動(dòng)詞化：betargetedat6.fortunately：fortunate+-ly；同義詞luckily，句子副詞詞族：fortune,fortunate,fortunately,unfortunate,unfortunately7.extinction：extinct(adj滅絕的)+-tion

詞塊：beindangerof/beontheedgeofextinction8.attitude：精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義“態(tài)度”詞塊：agood/bad/positive/negativeattitudetowards/tosth9.devote：由de-

(表示強(qiáng)調(diào))+-vote

(tovow說、發(fā)愿)構(gòu)成。詞源義是“發(fā)下宏愿”，引申為“致力于”“獻(xiàn)身于”。詞塊：devoteoneselfto,devote…to10.ocean：英式英語(yǔ)用sea，美式英語(yǔ)用ocean11.highlight：high+light，原為繪畫術(shù)語(yǔ)，即最明亮的部分，后引申為“做標(biāo)記、強(qiáng)調(diào)”12.cruelty：cruel(adj

殘忍的)+-y(名詞后綴)13.hunting：hunt(v

打獵)+-ing；

詞塊：gohunting詞族：hunt,hunter,hunting14.presentation：present+-ation；

詞塊：giveapresentation15.reserve：re-(back回)+-servare(protect保護(hù))

同根詞：observe(必修一U3)

詞塊：reservetherighttodosth,reservearoom,oilreserves,awildlifereserve

派生詞：reservation

(makeareservation)16.staff：精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義“全體職工”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)17.establish：近義詞：setup,open,found(found更強(qiáng)調(diào)注入資金)

詞塊：establishoneselfas

派生詞：established

(anestablishedcompany老牌公司)18.damage：精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義“損害；損壞”詞塊：cause/dodamageto19.flood：隱喻：具體的“洪水”→抽象的“大量/大批”名詞動(dòng)詞化（基本義“像洪水一樣涌入”）20.affect：基本義“影響”；熟詞生義：使感動(dòng)；使感染(疾病)21.supply：n詞塊：school/medicalsupplies,supplyanddemand,theelectricitysupply；v詞塊：supplysthtosb/supplysbwithsth22.restore：re-(back回)+store(儲(chǔ)存)→重新放回儲(chǔ)存→恢復(fù)、修復(fù)23.adopt：ad(to去)+opt(選擇)→選擇然后采用→采納→選擇后領(lǐng)走→收養(yǎng)

同根詞：option(必修一U3)；派生詞：adopted24.sustainable：sustain(v

維持)+-able→可持續(xù)的

詞塊：sustainabledevelopment25.bulb：詞塊：a60-wattbulb,energy-saving/energy-efficientbulbs26.renewable：re-+new+-able；詞塊：renewableenergy/resources27.carbon：詞塊：carbondioxide(CO2),low-carbonlifestyle28.greenhouse：green+house；詞塊：greenhouseeffect29.reusable：re+use+-able30.brochure：詞源：來自于法語(yǔ)broch(縫合)+-ure(名詞后綴)→縫合在一起的物品→冊(cè)子31.reduce：re-(back向后)+-duc(bring,lead帶)→帶回→減少詞塊：reducefrom…to,reduceby32.solar：詞塊：solarenergy/power33.release：詞源：re-+lease(loosen松開)，詞源義和基本義為“放開；松開”；詞塊：releaseamovie34.smog：拼綴法：smoke+

fog，原用以指?jìng)惗卦?jīng)被濃煙籠罩的情形35.fog：詞塊：heavy/thickfog；派生詞：foggy36.severe：一詞多義：基本義“嚴(yán)重的”(extremelybadorserious)

37.infection：infect(v

傳染)+-tion38.lecture：詞塊：attend/gotoalecture,give/deliveralectureon/aboutsth

熟詞生義：教訓(xùn)(givesbalectureaboutsth=lecturesbaboutsth)39.permission：permit

(v

允許)+-sion

詞塊：ask(for)permission,withoutpermission,permissiontodosth40.slide：一詞多義：基本義“滑動(dòng)”；名詞“滑梯”

熟詞生義：幻燈片reserve重難點(diǎn)詞精講辨析義一詞多義releaseestablish一詞多義affectdamage,destroy,ruin精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義辨析義一詞多義辨析義精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義搭配義attitudedevote搭配義supply搭配義辨析義flood一詞多義名詞動(dòng)詞化reduce搭配義severe一詞多義attitudeAttitudeiseverything.態(tài)度決定一切。韋恩·戴爾（WayneW.Dyer），1940年5月10日出生于美國(guó)密歇根底特律，美國(guó)深受歡迎的自助導(dǎo)師，暢銷書作家與演講大師、世界級(jí)心理學(xué)大師、全球激勵(lì)與成長(zhǎng)之父，是自我實(shí)現(xiàn)領(lǐng)域的國(guó)際知名作家和演講家。他出版過37本暢銷書，制作了許多廣播節(jié)目和電視錄像，而且在數(shù)千個(gè)電視和廣播節(jié)目中做過嘉賓訪談。韋恩的影響力在美國(guó)乃至世界上都是不容忽視的，被無數(shù)喜歡他著作的讀者尊稱為“精神之父”。attitudeto/toward(s):Weshoulddevelopagoodattitudetolife.2008遼寧書面表達(dá)

姿勢(shì)：Hekneltinanattitudeofprayer.attituden[C]&[U]

態(tài)度；看法：have/take/adoptapositiveattitude

Everythingdependsonpeople’sattitude./Attitudeiseverything.2014江西書面表達(dá)改devote華特?迪士尼（WaltDisney，1901年12月5日—1966年12月15日），出生于美國(guó)伊利諾伊州芝加哥，美國(guó)著名的動(dòng)畫大師、企業(yè)家、導(dǎo)演、制片人、編劇、配音演員、卡通設(shè)計(jì)者、舉世聞名的迪士尼公司創(chuàng)始人。華特?迪士尼獲得了56個(gè)奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)提名和7個(gè)艾美獎(jiǎng)，是世界上獲得奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)最多的人。一個(gè)人應(yīng)該盡可能早地設(shè)定自己的目標(biāo)，并且傾其精力和才能實(shí)現(xiàn)它。devotevt

把……用于；致力于；獻(xiàn)身于：Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuildhomes.2016北京改Shedevoted

allherlifetomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren.devoteoneselfto

獻(xiàn)身于；致力于；專心于：Ifyouhaveajob,dodevoteyourselftoitandfinallyyou’llsucceed.2010四川devote詞源解讀devote由de-（表示強(qiáng)調(diào)）+-vote（tovow，說、發(fā)愿）構(gòu)成。詞源義是“發(fā)下宏愿”，基本義是“把……用于”?！驹~匯拓展】devoted

adj摯愛的；全心全意的；忠誠(chéng)的：Herson,to

whomshewassodevoted,wentabroadtenyearsago.devotionn

[U]獻(xiàn)身；忠誠(chéng)；熱愛；專心：devotiontodutyIrespectedhisdevotiontoteaching.belostinfocusonbeabsorbedinbeinvolvedinbeengagedin寫作同義異構(gòu)：除了devoteoneselfto你還能想到哪些表示“專注于/致力于做某事”的表達(dá)？concentrateonIhave________________（訂購(gòu)）anewcomputerontheNet.I’dliketo________________（預(yù)訂）atableforthreeforeighto’clock.bookorderedreserve

reservereserve詞源解讀reserve由re-“回（back）”和詞根-servare“保護(hù)（protect）”構(gòu)成。詞源義和基本義是“保留（tosetaside,withhold）”。同根詞：observe(必修一Unit3)

reservevt

保留；保存；儲(chǔ)備：Theseseatsarereservedforspecialguests.Ifyouorderafterthat,wereservetherighttoeitheracceptorrejectorderrequests.I’llreservemyjudgmentuntilIfindalltheevidence.

預(yù)訂(book)：reservearoom/ticketreserven

[C][常用復(fù)數(shù)]儲(chǔ)備：oil/goldreserves

[C](野生動(dòng)植物的)保護(hù)區(qū)：Thiscoastalareawasnamedanationalwildlifereservelastyear.【詞匯拓展】

[C]&[U]保留；異議：Iacceptyourstatementwithoutreservation(=completely).

[C](旅館房間、劇院座位等的)預(yù)訂：I’llcalltherestauranttomakeareservation.reservationn“保留”事物“保留”位置保留；保存；儲(chǔ)備預(yù)訂reserve語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖reserve保留基本義儲(chǔ)備(野生動(dòng)植物的)保護(hù)區(qū)nv創(chuàng)業(yè)start/setupabusinessestablish

abusinessestablishvt

建立；創(chuàng)立；設(shè)立(setup)：establishcontact/arelationshipwithThecompanywasestablishedin1980.【辨析】establish公司、機(jī)構(gòu)等（正式用語(yǔ)）setup

公司、機(jī)構(gòu)等（日常用語(yǔ)）found公司、機(jī)構(gòu)等（強(qiáng)調(diào)提供資金）open商店、餐館、旅館等（服務(wù)性質(zhì)）

確立；立足；得到認(rèn)可：By1909,PicassohadestablishedhimselfasapainterofgreattalentinParis.Bythe1920sthefilmindustrywaswellestablishedinHollywood,California.ThisnovelestablishedthereputationhestillenjoystodayasoneofAmerica’sgreatestwriters.?

establishedadj

已確立的；確定的：anestablishedfactanestablishedcompany分詞形容詞（表示動(dòng)作已完成），如advanced,developed,learned等巴勃羅·畢加索（PabloPicasso，1881-1973），西班牙畫家、雕塑家。是現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的創(chuàng)始人，西方現(xiàn)代派繪畫的主要代表，是當(dāng)代西方最有創(chuàng)造性和影響最深遠(yuǎn)的藝術(shù)家之一。其代表作有《夢(mèng)》(PortraitofD.M)，《和平鴿》(DoveofPeace)，《亞威農(nóng)少女》(Avignongirl)等。文化拓展文化拓展——Hollywood在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)之前以及之后的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，格里菲斯和卓別林等一些電影大師們?yōu)槊绹?guó)電影贏得了世界名譽(yù)，華爾街的大財(cái)團(tuán)插手電影業(yè)。好萊塢電影城由此迅速形成并興起，電影產(chǎn)業(yè)恰恰適應(yīng)了美國(guó)在這一時(shí)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展的需要，電影也進(jìn)一步納入經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制，成為謀取利潤(rùn)的一部分，資本的雄厚，影片產(chǎn)量的增多，保證了美國(guó)電影市場(chǎng)在世界上的傾銷。洛杉磯郊外的小村莊最終成為一個(gè)龐大的電影城，好萊塢也在無形中成為美國(guó)電影的代名詞。好萊塢（Hollywood）位于美國(guó)西海岸加利福尼亞州（StateofCalifornia）洛杉磯郊外，是一個(gè)依山傍水，景色宜人的地方。最早是由攝影師尋找外景地時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，大約在20世紀(jì)初，這里便吸引了許多拍攝者，而后是一些為了逃避專利公司控制的小公司和獨(dú)立制片商們紛紛涌來，逐漸形成了一個(gè)電影中心。辨析damage,destroy,ruindamage和destroy可謂是形影不離的好朋友，想表達(dá)“遭到破壞”到底用哪個(gè)詞才對(duì)呢？我們先來看一篇學(xué)生習(xí)作。?

[U]損害；損壞；損失harmorinjurycausedwhensthisbrokenorspoiled：

Hewashitbyacarandsufferedseriousbraindamage.

do/causedamagetoTheproblemisclear:manhasdonegreatdamagetohishomeovertheyears.

2008全國(guó)

[C][復(fù)數(shù)]

損害賠償金：Hewasorderedtopaydamagesof$30,000.damagen

■損害；損壞：(名詞動(dòng)化）Don’tdamageyourhealthforagoodfigure.側(cè)重“損”，可修復(fù)damagevt?

毀壞；摧毀；毀掉todamagesthsobadlythatitcannolongerbeusedornolongerexists：Thebuildingwascompletelydestroyedbyfire.【溫故】

消滅；殺死：Thedogattackedachildandhadtobedestroyed.側(cè)重“毀”，無法修復(fù)destroy=de-(down)+struere(build)

破壞一棟建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)意味著毀掉這棟建筑destroyvt(必修一Unit6)“被雨水毀了的頭發(fā)”，用哪個(gè)詞呢？Therainruinedmyhair.頭發(fā)還在，只是“美好的發(fā)型”被毀了。在這里，理解英語(yǔ)釋義也很重要?！?/p>

destroy:

todamagesthsobadlythatitcannolongerbeusedornolongerexists◆

ruin:todamagesthsobadlythatitlosesallitsvalue,pleasure,etc.?

糟蹋；(完全地)毀壞

todamagesthsobadlythatitlosesallitsvalue,pleasure,etc.：Don’tletasmalldisagreementruinyourfriendship.

使破產(chǎn)

tomakesbloseallhis/hermoney：Ifshelosesthecourtcaseitwillruinher.n?

[U]毀滅；破產(chǎn)：theruinofcivilizationfinancialruin

[C][常用復(fù)數(shù)]廢墟；遺跡；殘余：theruinsofRomeruinvtinruins成廢墟；嚴(yán)重受損：Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.文化拓展意大利的古羅馬廢墟

(theruinsofRome)，位于斗獸場(chǎng)之旁，是昔日古羅馬帝國(guó)的中心，是現(xiàn)存世界最大面積的古羅馬廢墟。這座于公元72年由4萬名戰(zhàn)俘用8年時(shí)間建起來的巨大建筑，雖然毀壞嚴(yán)重，殘破不堪，卻是人類建筑史上的杰作。它的形狀很像今天的體育場(chǎng)，近50米高的外圍墻是用磚石砌成的三層石柱拱廊，周圍有80個(gè)出入口，里面的階梯式座位能同時(shí)容納5.5萬名觀眾。小結(jié)運(yùn)用精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義和英語(yǔ)釋義區(qū)分damage,destroy和ruin?！鬱amage的名詞和動(dòng)詞都側(cè)重“損”，表示可修復(fù)，常和badly、seriously等副詞搭配；◆

destroy側(cè)重“毀”，表示不可修復(fù)，不復(fù)存在，常和completely、entirely等副詞搭配；◆

ruin側(cè)重“毀壞”，使美好的事物失去用途或優(yōu)良特性，盡管此物仍然存在。頭發(fā)經(jīng)常燙、染，容易損傷（damage）頭發(fā)，需要做護(hù)理修復(fù)。燙壞、燙焦，頭發(fā)就毀（destroy）了，只能剪掉。做個(gè)美美的發(fā)型出門，遇到大雨，頭發(fā)還在，但發(fā)型被毀（ruin）了。flood■n?

[C]&[U]洪水；水災(zāi)：Theriverwasinflood.

Policehaveissuedfloodwarnings.

[C]大批；大量：floodsofrain

Asimpleclickcanbringusafloodofmusic,moviesandPCgames.2009江蘇■v?

vi&vt

(被)淹沒；(使)泛濫：Heavyrainfallsfloodedthevillage.

vi

(洪水般地)涌進(jìn)：Individuale-mailboxesaresometimesfloodedwithspame-mails.2010陜西改Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycamefloodingback.2009遼寧?flooded

adj洪水泛濫的?flooding

n[U]水災(zāi)；洪水泛濫同義異構(gòu)：pouraffect

影響toinfluencesb/sth：(基本義）Withthegovernment’said,those(whowere)affectedbytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.2009上海改affectvt

[常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)]

使感動(dòng)；打動(dòng)：Shewasdeeplyaffectedbythestory.=bemoved

使感染(疾病)

toattacksborapartofthebody;tomakesbbecomeill/sick：Diseasesaffectalmosteveryoneatsometimeduringtheirlives.affect

語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖影響affect基本義對(duì)精神的“影響”對(duì)身體的“影響”使感動(dòng)；打動(dòng)使感染(疾病)影響對(duì)人或物的“影響”詞語(yǔ)辨析affect/effect

affect（動(dòng)詞）=tohaveaninfluenceonsb/sth；影響某人/某事：Doestelevisionaffectchildren’sbehaviour?

effect（名詞）=result,influence；作用；影響：

Doestelevisionhaveaneffectonchildren’sbehaviour?

supply

watersupplygassupplyelectricitysupplysupply

■n

[C]供應(yīng)量；補(bǔ)給量：Therewasaplentifulsupplyofcheaplabour.Waterisinshortsupply.

［復(fù)數(shù)］生活必需品；補(bǔ)給品：school/medical/reliefsupplies

[U]供應(yīng)；供給：supplyanddemand

cutofftheelectricitysupply

■vt

供給；供應(yīng)；提供：supplysthtosb/supplysbwithsth:Themediasupplieslotsofinformationtouseveryday.

辨析provide,offer,supply三者都有“供給、提供”的意思，但用法不同。provide指有遠(yuǎn)見，為應(yīng)付意外、緊急情況等作好充分準(zhǔn)備而“供給、提供”，常用providesthforsb或providesbwithsth結(jié)構(gòu)。?TheRedCrossprovidesfoodandshelterfordisastervictims.

?Theprojectisdesignedtoprovideyoungpeoplewithwork.

offer

側(cè)重表示“愿意給予”，常用offersbsth或offertodosth結(jié)構(gòu)。?Sheofferedmearewardforthereturnofherlostmobilephone.

?Heofferedtogoinsteadofme.

supply

通常指定期“供應(yīng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品，常用supplysbwithsth或supplysthtosb結(jié)構(gòu)。?Thebutchersuppliesuswithmeat.零浪費(fèi)5R

原則拒絕(refuse)你不需要的東西減少(reduce)需要的物品重復(fù)使用(reuse)現(xiàn)有的物品回收利用(recycle)無法使用的物品分解(rot)不可回收物品reducereducevt&vi縮減；減少：Thepricehasbeenreducedfrom$10to$8.Eatingjustonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingthisdiseaseby40%.2009陜西reduceto［常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)］使陷入（更壞的）境地；使淪落：Shewasreducedtotearsbytheircruelwords.Therelaymyhouse,reducedtoruins,smellyanddirty.【詞匯拓展】reductionn[C]&[U]縮減；減少：strategiesfornoisereductionre-(back向后)+-duc(bring,lead帶)→帶回

→

減少

同義異構(gòu)：cutreleaseMyPeopleMyHomeland（《我和我的家鄉(xiāng)》）wasreleased

on1October,2020.Themovie’sticketsalesaddedupto2billionyuanonSaturday,just10daysafteritsrelease.

放開；松開

tostopholdingsth(letgo)：Don’treleasetherope.

釋放；排放

toletsb/sthcomeoutofaplacewheretheyhavebeenkeptortrapped：releaseaprisonerThefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,makingtheairdirty.releasevtrelease由re-+lease(loosen松開)構(gòu)成，詞源義及基本義為“放開；松開（letgo）”。

首映（電影）；發(fā)行（CD、書等）；發(fā)布（新聞等）：releaseamovie/newversion

發(fā)泄；宣泄：Physicalexerciseisagoodwayofreleasingstress.

解雇release

n

[U]［可用單數(shù)］放走；釋放；排放；宣泄：areleasefromprisonthereleaseofhomingpigeons

[U]［可用單數(shù)］發(fā)行；發(fā)布：ThesoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.

[C]發(fā)行的影片等；發(fā)布的新聞等：thelatestrelease放開release（基本義）release

語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖放開某物的保密狀態(tài)為公眾所知放開某物放開被困的人或物放開；松開釋放；排放首映（電影）；發(fā)行（CD、書等）；發(fā)布（新聞等）放開情感發(fā)泄；宣泄將某人從職務(wù)或責(zé)任中放開解雇nv放走；釋放；排放；宣泄發(fā)行；發(fā)布發(fā)行的影片等；發(fā)布的新聞等放開release（基本義）severe

severeweather惡劣天氣severewinter寒冬severepain劇痛severe

adj

嚴(yán)重的extremelybadorserious：severedamage/aseveredrought

嚴(yán)厲的；苛刻的：beseverewithoneself

嚴(yán)峻的；激烈的：aseverewinterseverecompetition詞匯拓展?severelyadv嚴(yán)重地；嚴(yán)厲地：aseverelypollutedlakeAnyonebreakingthelawwillbeseverelypunished.問題、損害、疾病等“嚴(yán)重的”人對(duì)待事情的態(tài)度“嚴(yán)重的”環(huán)境或形勢(shì)等“嚴(yán)重的”嚴(yán)重的嚴(yán)厲的；苛刻的嚴(yán)峻的；激烈的severe語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖嚴(yán)重的severe基本義本單元金句匯總1.Everythingdependsonpeople’sattitude./Attitudeiseverything.2.Weshoulddevelopagoodattitudetolife.3.Shedevoted

allherlifetomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren.4.Ifyouhaveajob,dodevoteyourselftoitandfinallyyou’llsucceed.5.Theproblemisclear:manhasdonegreatdamagetohishomeovertheyears.6.Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycamefloodingback.隨堂檢測(cè)一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Ihadtochangemyattitudeabouttheirabilityandpotential.(2018天津) _______2.Happinessdoesn’tdependonanyexternalconditions.Itisgovernedbyourmentalattitude. _______3.Herhandswerefoldedinanattitudeofprayer. _______二、將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。1.態(tài)度決定一切。_______________________________________________________2.你應(yīng)該以積極的態(tài)度面對(duì)生活。(2009江西改)_______________________________________________________attitudeEverythingdependsonpeople’sattitude./Attitudeiseverything.Youshouldhave/take/holdapositiveattitudetowards/tolife.看法心態(tài)姿勢(shì)devote一、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Shedevotedherself

hercareer.2.Inreallifethestarofthefilmisa

(devote)husbandandfather.3.Her

(devote)tothejobleftherwithverylittlefreetime.二、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)，完成句子。1.IfIbecomeateacher,Iwill

(全身心地投入)givingthemabettereducation.2.Hehas

(將一生奉獻(xiàn)給)

worldpeace.

(2011陜西)3.Themeetingwill

(用于)healthandsafetyissues.4.He

(深愛著)

hisfamily.devotemyselftobedevotedtowasdevotedtodevotedhiswholelifetotodevoteddevotionreserve寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.IreservedaroominthenameofJones. ________2.Themanagementreservetherighttorefuseadmission.

________3.Thisareawasonceawildlifereservelastyear. ________4.Westillhavefoodreservesincaseofemergency. ________保護(hù)區(qū)保留權(quán)利預(yù)訂糧食儲(chǔ)備一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Ourgoalistoestablishanewresearchcentreinthenorth.__________2.He’dalreadybeguntoestablishareputationasajournalist.__________3.Hehasjustsetuphisownbusiness,butitwilltakehimawhiletogetestablished.__________二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，完成下列句子。1.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatan___________________(老牌公司)isbuyinganew-bornthreat(威脅).(2017江蘇)2.Adog’seatinghabitrequiresregulartrainingbefore_____________________(正確建立).(2019天津)(itis)properlyestablishedestablishedcompanyestablish建立確立聲譽(yù)站穩(wěn)腳跟1.Thebuswasbadly______________whenithitthewall.2.Thebuildingwascompletely______________byfire.3.Itpouredwithrainandmydressgot______________.

4.Thisillnessshas_____________mylife.5.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwas_____________

andtheyhadnothing.(2012山東)6.Thehomelessshelterwasentirely_____________

inthehugeearthquake.一、從方框中選擇合適的單詞填空。ruindamagedestroydamageddestroyedruinedruineddestroyeddestroyeddamage,destroy,ruin寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney-makingjobs.(2010福建) ___________2.Foodsuppliesintheflood-stricken

areaarerunningout.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’snoneleft.(2012重慶) ___________3.Theraincausedthestreetstofloodandthesubwaysystemalmostcametoastop.(2008山東) ___________4.Donationsbeganfloodingin

fromhundredsofpeople.(2017天津) ___________flood大量的/大批的洪水泛濫的地區(qū)被淹沒大量涌入一、根據(jù)句意選出affect的最佳釋義。__________1.Welchexaminedasickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlydiseasemainlyaffecting

children.(2016北京改)__________2.Withthegovernment’said,those

affected

bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.(2009上海改)__________3.Iwasdeeplyaffected

bythefilm.

影響

[常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)]使感動(dòng)；打動(dòng)

使感染(疾病)

affect二、選出適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。(affect,effect)1.Itriedtopersuadehim,butwithlittleorno____________.2.WhenIwas50,myweightproblembeganto____________meseriously.(2017天津改)effectaffect根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。1._____________(食品補(bǔ)給)intheflood-stricken