Unit4 LESSON 詞匯精講課堂2

詞匯課堂Awordisamicrocosmofhumanconsciousness.—Vygotsky版本：新北師單元：選擇性必修二Unit4

(LESSON2)本單元詞匯梳理1.tensiontens(tostretch拉長)+-ion(名詞后綴)→將某物拉長，使其處于緊繃狀態(tài)→緊張?jiān)~塊：relievetension2.muscle詞源：英語單詞muscle來自拉丁語musculus(小老鼠)。古羅馬人覺得鼓起的肌肉很像一只跳躍的小老鼠。熟詞生義：體力；力氣3.physical詞塊：physicalandmentalhealth；派生詞：physically4.psychologicalpsychology:

psycho(soul,spirit心理、精神)

+-logy(thestudyof研究……的學(xué)科)

→心理學(xué)psychology(n

心理學(xué))+-ical(形容詞后綴)5.mood詞塊：inagood/badmood,be/feelinthe/nomoodforsth/todosth6.far-reachingfar+reach+-ing7.energiseenergy(活力)

+-ise(tomake使變得)→使充滿活力8.cellcell原義為“連在一起的小房間”，比如修道院中修道士或修女住的房間、監(jiān)獄里的房間、蜂巢中的蜂室。1665年，英國物理學(xué)家羅伯特?虎克在用自制顯微鏡觀察軟木切片時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有很多像蜂窩一樣的小室，他將其稱為cell（細(xì)胞）。實(shí)際上，他所看到的是死去的植物細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞壁，而第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)活細(xì)胞的科學(xué)家是安東?范?列文虎克。手機(jī)以前叫做cellularphone，縮寫為cellphone，這是因?yàn)橐苿?dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)是蜂窩式結(jié)構(gòu)的。不過現(xiàn)在通常叫做mobilephone（移動(dòng)電話）。9.immune詞塊：immunesystem10.infectionin-(in入)

+fect(todo做)

+-ion(名詞后綴)

→疾病成功進(jìn)入體內(nèi)→感染詞族：infect,

infected,

infection,infectious11.incorporatein-(in入)

+corpor(body整體)

+-ate(動(dòng)詞后綴)

→使成為一個(gè)整體→把……并入12.whisper擬聲詞，模仿嘶嘶聲詞塊：whispersthtosb,inawhisper,whisperaboutsth13.embarrassmentembarrass(v

使尷尬)+-ment(名詞后綴)詞塊：toone’sembarrassment14.accidentallyaccident+-al+-ly詞族：accident,

accidental,

accidentally15.expenseex-(out向外)+pens(topay支付)+-e(名詞后綴)→向外支付的費(fèi)用→費(fèi)用詞塊：atsb’sexpense,livingexpenses,attheexpenseof重難點(diǎn)詞精講whisper搭配義詞根詞綴expensemood搭配義辨析義搭配義mood情緒好/壞inagood/badmoodmood

n[C]

情緒；心情：inagood/badmood:Havingbeenpunishedbyhisteacher,hewasinaverybadmood.Lookingatgreen,growingthingscanputpeopleinto/inabettermood.2019全國改①be/feelinthe/nomoodforsth:Iwasinnomoodforajoke.②be/feelinthe/nomoodtodosth:I’mnotinthemoodtotalkaboutitnow.

［單數(shù)］氣氛；氛圍：There’snothinglikecandlelightforcreatingaromanticmood.

［語法］（動(dòng)詞的）語氣mood

意為“情緒”（thewaysbfeelsataparticulartime），指人某一時(shí)刻的情緒，通常和in搭配。LeaveDadaloneforawhile.He’sinaverybadmood.emotion意為“情感”（astrongfeelingsuchaslove,hate,anger,etc.），表示個(gè)體強(qiáng)烈的感情或情感，是情緒的外在表現(xiàn)形式。Theemotionwassointensethatshespentmostofthemovieintears.spirit

意為“情緒”時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，（thewayyouarefeeling,forexamplewhetheryouarehappyorsad）。Itwasthelastdayoftermandeveryonewasinhighspirits.辨析：mood,emotion,spiritwhisper■vt&vi低聲講：JamesleanedovertowhispersomethingtoMichael.EventhoughitwasonlyOctober,mystudentswerealreadywhisperingaboutholidayplans.2009山東改You’llhavetowhisperorhe’llhearyou.■n[C]低語；私語；耳語：speakinawhisper要留意細(xì)小的開支。小洞沉大船。這句話是美國政治家、物理學(xué)家本杰明·富蘭克林的一句名言，相當(dāng)于中國的諺語“千里之堤潰于蟻穴”。他提醒我們不要忽視小的細(xì)節(jié)，也許就是這些被忽視的小細(xì)節(jié)會(huì)導(dǎo)致無法挽回的結(jié)果。sparenoexpense

cutdownonone’sexpenseliving/householdexpensescoverone’sdailyexpensesRunningacarisabigexpense.Idon’tthinkwecanaffordtheexpenses.expensen[U]&[C]支出；費(fèi)用；代價(jià)：詞源解讀：ex-（out向外）+pens（topay支付）+-e（名詞后綴）→向外支付的費(fèi)用→費(fèi)用atsb’sexpense由某人付費(fèi)/負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用；嘲笑某人:Ipublishedabookatmyownexpense.attheexpenseof以……為代價(jià):Hefinishedthejobattheexpenseofhishealth.本單元的詞根詞綴說出下列單詞的詞根詞綴的漢語釋義。1.Youcouldfeelthetensionintheroomaswewaitedforourexamresults.tension：tens（tostretch拉長）+-ion（名詞后綴）→將某物拉長，使其處于緊繃狀態(tài)→__________2.Humourhasapositive（正面的）psychologicaleffectwhenweareindifficulties.（2020江蘇）psychological：psycho（soul,spirit心理、精神）+-logy（thestudyof研究……的學(xué)科）+-ical（形容詞后綴）→__________3.Exerciseisaperfectwaytohelpyoufeelmoreenergised.energise：energy（活力）+-ise（tomake_________________）→使充滿活力緊張心理的/精神的使（……）/使變得4.Ifyoudon’tcleanthewoundproperlyyoucouldgetaninfection.infection：in-（in入）+fect（todo__________）+-ion（名詞后綴）→疾病成功做到進(jìn)入體內(nèi)→__________5.Manyofyoursuggestionshavebeenincorporatedintheplan.incorporate：in-（in入）+corpor（body整體）+-ate（動(dòng)詞后綴）→使成為一個(gè)整體→__________6.Toearnsomemoneytopaythedailyexpenses,Istartedworkinalocalcaféasawaiter.（2014上海）expense：ex-（out向外）+pens（topay__________）+-e（名詞后綴）→向外支付的費(fèi)用→__________支付做感染把……并入費(fèi)用本單元金句匯總1.Lookingatgreen,growingthingscanputpeopleinto/inabettermood.2019全國改2.I’mnotinthemoodtotalkaboutitnow.3.You’llhavetowhisperorhe’llhearyou.4.Hefinishedthejobattheexpenseofhishealth.隨堂檢測一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.I’mjustnotinthemoodforaparty

tonight.___________2.Don’ttalktoher.She’sinoneofhermoods.___________

3.Themoodofthemeetingwasextremelypessimistic.___________二、根據(jù)所給詞塊，將下列句子譯成英語。

1.下雨天總是讓大家感到心情壓抑。(putsbina...mood)_______________________________________________________2.考試成績不好，她沒有心情出去玩。(beinnomoodtodosth)_______________________________________________________沒心情參加聚會(huì)mood鬧情緒氣氛Rainydaysalwaysputeverybodyinadepressedmood.Sheis/wasinnomoodtogoout(toplay)becauseofherbad/poorexamresults.whisper一、根據(jù)漢語，寫出單詞的正確形式。1.You’llhaveto____________（低聲說）orhe’llhearyou.2.“Wherearewegoing?”heaskedina_____________（低語）.二、根據(jù)所給提示，將下列句子譯成英語。1.你們兩人在那邊低聲說些什么？(whisperabout)_____________________________________________________________2.當(dāng)緊張地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，我會(huì)低聲對(duì)自己說兩個(gè)簡單的字:“做自己”。(whisperto)（2019北京改）______________________________________________________whisperWhatareyoutwowhisperingaboutoverthere?whis