計算機圖形學課件pipeline

SE-341Computer(SpringSE-341Computer(Spring?????ComputerGraphicsPhysicalImagingSystemGraphicsRenderingPipelineComputerComputerGraphicsInput:Input:ConsumerInput:Input:Image&Input:Input:Input:Input:SpecializedImage:arrayImage:arrayofPixel（像素）elementaryunitof??PixelPixelRepresentationThepixelhasonlytwoareaofthepixeliscolorofthepixelissetunderprogramFrame?Framebuffer(幀緩Frame?Framebuffer(幀緩沖區(qū))：abufferthatstorescontentsofanimagepixelbyResolution（分辨率）：thenumberofpixelspersquareinchonacomputer-generateddisplay???conversion)：光GraphicsProcessingUnits(abr.GPU,圖形處理器DisplayDisplay????RasterDisplayDevicesFlatPanelDisplayDevicesIMAXRasterDisplayDevices?RasterDisplayDevices?器）:Getthepixelsfromtheframebufferindividuallyandcorrespondinglocationonthescreenrate：刷Interlacedscannoninterlacedorprogressivescan：ColorColorCRTFlat-panel?Flat-panelFlat-panel?Flat-panel(light-(liquid-diodes)：發(fā)光二級管displays)：液晶Plasmapanels:等離子顯示lowsmallflickerNogeometric?Flat-panelFlat-panelMoreDisplay?MoreDisplay?printers（針式printers（噴墨–laserprinters（激光?3DIMAX??–IMAX??––雙鏡頭攝影機＋偏振片眼鏡：《食人魚》CGI（computer-generatedimagery）＋偏振片眼鏡：《阿凡??????ComputerGraphicsPhysicalImagingSystemGraphicsRenderingPipelinePhysicalImagingPhysicalImaging??ImagingImagingImagingImagingImagingimageImagingimageofImagingdigitalImagingdigitalsensorarray.ImagingImagingsampledImagingImagingdiscretereal-valuedDigitalColorDigitalColorGreyColorColorImageSynthetic??ImageSynthetic????PropertiesofLight,material:Todeterminetheoflightonthe?Lightis?Lightisapartofelectromagneticwave,itisa?It’visiblerange:betweenandSyntheticSyntheticcameraAdvantagesofSynthetic?AdvantagesofSynthetic???Object,Observerandlightiscompleteindependent2Dgraphicsisaspecialcaseof3DEasytoimplementby––Setthepropertiesoflight,cameraandTodeterminetheresultsofimageby?QuickhardwareissupportedDirect3Detc.isbasedonthis?????ComputerGraphicsPhysicalImagingSystemGraphicsRenderingPipelineBasicBasicGraphicsRenderingGraphicsRenderingRendering?AbstractmodelRendering?AbstractmodelsequenceofoperationstotransformgeometricmodelintodigitalimagegraphicshardwareUnderlyingAPImodelforprogramminggraphicshardware?––Direct?GeometryGeometrygeometryapplication-specificdatastructureforholdinggeometricinformationdependsonspecificneedsof–trianglesoup,points,meshwithconnectivityinformation,curvedsurfaceGeometricGeometricGeometricGeometricExplicitExplicitParametricParametricParametricParametricGeometricGeometricGeometricGeometric?modeling?modelingtransformation(模型變換mapallgeometricobjectsfromlocalcoordinatesystemintoworldcoordinatesviewingtransformation(視點變換mapallgeometryfromworldcoordinatesintocamera?ModelingModelingandViewingModelingModelingandViewingModelingandModelingandViewingcomputebrightnessbasedoncomputebrightnessbasedonpropertyofmaterialandlightcomputationisperformedper-ComplexComplexLightingandPerspectiveperspectivePerspectiveperspectiveProject3Dgeometryto2DimageplaneSimulatesacameraTransformfromeyespacetonormalizeddeviceremovalofpartsofremovalofpartsofthegeometrythatfalloutsidethevisiblescreenorwindowregionScan?scanConvertcontinuous2Dgeometry(lines,polygonsetc.)todiscreteRasterdisplay–discretegridofScan?scanConvertcontinuous2Dgeometry(lines,polygonsetc.)todiscreteRasterdisplay–discretegridofRasterizerRasterizerRelatedResolution:RelatedResolution:numberofrows&columnsinScreenSpace:Discrete2DCartesiancoordinatesystemofthescreenpixelstexture“gluingimagesontocolorofeveryfragmentisalteredbylookingupanewcolorvaluefromanimagetexture“gluingimagesontocolorofeveryfragmentisalteredbylookingupanewco