天津外國語大學(xué)《801英語語言文學(xué)》（英語教育方向）歷年考研真題匯編

目錄

2014年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)（英語教育方向）考研真題

2013年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)（英語教育方向）考研真題

2012年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)（英語教育方向）考研真題

2011年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)（英語教育方向）考研真題

2010年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)（英語教育方向）考研真題

2009年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)（英語教育方向）考研真題

2008年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)（英語教育方向）考研真題

2007年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)（英語教育方向）考研真題

2014年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)

（英語教育方向）考研真題

I.Chinese-EnglishTranslation(40points)

Directions:Translatetheunderlinedthreeparagraphsinthefollowing

essayintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

母親井

陳延祿

兒時記憶越來越模糊，惟村中那口老井，仍歷歷在目，忘卻不了。

老井建于何時，已無從考證。父親說，井的年齡比爺爺還大。

這口老井建于村子正中，呈圓形，井深五六丈，用石磚砌成，井口

長滿了青苔。井臺上，用兩根呈十字的圓木交叉挺起一個木制的轆轤，

前面插上一根半弓形的把兒，一根長長的繩子拴著柳罐斗子直垂井底。

前來打水的人要雙腿叉開，前腿弓起，后腳蹬地，雙手握住轆轤把

做圓心搖動，任憑那井繩在轆轤上有規(guī)則地做圓圈纏繞。老井就吱吱嘎

嘎地呻吟，聲音低沉、古老、悠長，猶如病重老者的喘息聲。當(dāng)柳罐斗

子被提升到進(jìn)口時，就得騰出一只手抓住它的脊骨，倒到井沿的水桶

里。

打出的井水清冽純凈，有如泉水般的甘甜。它旱天不枯，雨天不

澇，像一位慈祥的老母親，無論春夏秋冬、風(fēng)雪雨霜，始終滋養(yǎng)著村里

的一輩又一輩。

每天人們都要在井邊見面，特別是收工以后和到傍晚的時候，擔(dān)水

的人特別多，吱吱扭扭的響聲，撲踏撲踏的腳步聲陸陸續(xù)續(xù)，井臺就成

為鄉(xiāng)親們溝通的最佳場所。打水的人們非常有秩序，壯的謙讓弱的，男

的謙讓女的，遇上力氣小的，就有力氣大的過來幫忙搖轤。更多的人在

等待的時候，放下肩上的挑子，一屁股兒坐在架在兩只桶上的扁擔(dān)上，

從褲兜里掏出紙和旱煙，用手捋著，就卷好一支煙，也順便友好地捏一

撮煙葉，遞給沒帶煙的人。于是人們一邊逍遙地吞云吐霧，一邊拉著家

常講著故事，開一些無傷大雅的玩笑，愜意的笑聲總在井邊蕩漾。一切

疲勞和煩惱在這里煙消云散。

此時的牛羊也在黃昏的夕照里慢悠悠地回來了，暢飲著井旁木槽里

清凈的水，姿態(tài)安適。

……

II.CriticalWriting(40points)

Directions:Readthefollowingpassageandwriteanessayonit.

ReformpoliciesissuedbyafewprovincesandmunicipalitiesinChina

ontheGaokao,ortheNationalCollegeEntranceExam,in2014,tendtostart

withtheEnglishtest,suchastheloweringoftheshareofEnglishscoresin

BeijingandthedeletionofthelisteningcomprehensionpartfromtheEnglish

examinShandong.Thephenomenonhastriggeredquiteadebateoverits

impactontheteachingofEnglishandChineseinChina,onGaokaoitself,on

China’seffortsforinternationalization,onfairnessandsomeotheraspects.

Participateinthedebatewithanessayofaround300wordswithatitle

ofyourownchoice,aclearlystatedviewpoint,anddetailedanalysisto

supportyourviewpoint.

SectionFive：英語教育方向部分(70分)

QuestionsinthissectionaresetforapplicantstotheMAprogramof

EnglishEducation.Directions:Pleaseanswerthefollowingquestionsin

EnglishandwriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

1.Supposethatyouhavebeenadmittedbyagraduateprogramofa

prestigiousuniversityandyouareinvitedtoaclassoffirst-year

undergraduateEnglishmajorstosharewiththemyoursuccessfulexperience

asanEnglishmajor.WhatdoyouthinkaretheTHREEmostimportant

pointsyouaregoingtohighlightandwhy?

2.SomestudentsarenotatallhappyduringthefouryearsintheEnglish

majorprogrambecausetheydonotlikeEnglishanditistheirparentswho

forcedthemtospecializeinEnglishafterhighschool.Asaprofessional

teacher,howwouldyoumotivatesuchstudents?

3.OneprofessorispopularamongherEnglishmajorstudents.When

askedherattitudetowardteachingmethods,shesaidthatmethodsarenot

importantcomparedwiththeteacher’sEnglishproficiencyandthatinher

teachingexperiencesheeitherisnotawareofwhatmethodsheisusingor

referstohowshehadbeentaughtasastudent.Whatisyourcommenton

suchattitudetowardteachingmethods?

4.Inoneresearchdesign,theresearcher,whowasteachingoralEnglish,

assignedstudentsintotwogroups.Inonegrouptask-basedapproachwas

adoptedwhileintheothertraditionalmethodwasemployed.Tenweekslater

thesameoraltestwasadministeredtothetwogroups.Itwasfoundthatthe

task-basedgroupsignificantlyoutperformedthetraditionalgroup.Whatdo

youthinkofsucharesearchfinding?Whatmighthavecontributedtothe

significantdifferenceoftestresultbetweenthetwogroups?

5.ProfessorWangisworkingwiththird-yearEnglishmajorsina

Chineseuniversity.Tohissurpriseabout1/5ofhisstudentsmakefrequent

mistakeswithEnglishpronunciation.Byhisstandardthird-yearEnglish

majorsmustbemistake-freewithpronunciation.Sowhatdoyouthinkare

possiblereasonsforthosestudents’pronunciationmistakes?What

suggestionsdoyouhaveforProfessorWangifheintendstohelpstudents

improvetheirpronunciation?

6.ItseemsthatclassroomEnglishteachinginChinesecontextisoften

textbook-orientedbecausethereisoftenoneortwodesignatedtextbooksfor

teacherstofollow.Howdoyoulikesuchscenario?Whataretheadvantages

anddisadvantagesforhavingatextbook?

7.SupposeyouareappointedthechairoftheundergraduateEnglish

majorprograminyouruniversity.Whatchangeswouldyouintroducetothe

existingcurriculum?Willyouexplainwhy?

2013年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)

（英語教育方向）考研真題

I.Chinese-EnglishSummaryTranslation(40points)

Directions:Writeasummaryofthefollowingessayinabout200

Englishwords.

作為文化事件的“于丹被轟”

肖鷹

作為一個被媒體和市場聯(lián)手打造的文化符號，“國學(xué)超女于丹”這兩

年來多少有些沉寂。然而，11月17日在北大百年大講堂舉辦的一場昆曲

商演上發(fā)生的于丹被觀眾轟下臺一事，又將于丹推到了公眾視線的焦點

上。

關(guān)于此事，已有現(xiàn)場視頻流傳于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，情形是簡單明白的：當(dāng)昆曲

節(jié)目表演結(jié)束，進(jìn)入謝幕時，以10位昆曲界著名藝術(shù)家佇立作背景，主

持人請于丹上臺講話，身著超短裙、黑色長絲襪和超高跟鞋的于丹在觀

眾喝倒彩聲中走上舞臺。當(dāng)于丹在接受臺上一位老藝術(shù)家獻(xiàn)花之后開始

講話說“我先代表大家……”時，有觀眾喊出“于丹下去”，并且得到其他

多位觀眾的呼應(yīng)，于丹只得放棄講話，退到后臺并悄然下臺。

我以為，這是一個文化利好事件，至少可概括出三點。

首先是對于丹教授的利好。

于丹現(xiàn)為北京師范大學(xué)藝術(shù)與傳媒學(xué)院副院長、教授，雖然出身于

文學(xué)碩士，但長期從事的是媒體策劃及相關(guān)教學(xué)，2007年在央視百家講

壇講《論語》成名后，就在國內(nèi)文化市場以“國學(xué)專家（大師）”的招牌

行市。于丹之所以能暴得大名，一方面來自于她以媒體中人的敏感捕捉

到了當(dāng)時受眾的普遍心理需要，并以簡潔明快的演講方式予以灌輸，另

一方面是，她由中國受眾最廣的媒體央視捧出。

以“國學(xué)”行市，于丹無論從知識層面，還是從精神層面，都有難以

彌補的局限。她聲稱自己四歲讀《論語》，但對《論語》的解說錯誤百

出，而講《莊子》更是臆斷妄議，基本文理不通。講點實在話，于丹講

國學(xué)，猶如沒有根底的票友在“曲苑雜壇”里充大師。

成名后的于丹，并沒有自我反省，或揚長避短，而是在與媒體與市

場的合謀中隨行就市，高調(diào)扮演文化市場的“國學(xué)符號”。市場將她作為

一個現(xiàn)成的招牌利用，而她自己則自甘做萬用的狗皮膏藥，任人招貼。

這次在北大被轟下舞臺，無疑是包括北大學(xué)生在內(nèi)的現(xiàn)場觀眾給了缺少

自制的于丹教授一個當(dāng)頭棒喝，重重地提醒她：自知、自明、自制、自

檢。如果于丹教授從中獲得教訓(xùn)，對于她未來的發(fā)展，將是有益的事

情。

其次是對北大優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)的利好。

北大的優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)是蔡元培先生掌校時培植的“兼容并包”?！凹嫒莶?/p>

包”，是在學(xué)術(shù)獨立、思想自由的前提下，允許差異，鼓勵多元，從而

創(chuàng)造豐富而有生氣的學(xué)術(shù)空間。因此，在元培先生治下，北大為風(fēng)格迥

異、觀點差異甚至立場沖突的胡適、魯迅、辜鴻銘、黃侃等學(xué)術(shù)大師提

供了自由空間?！凹嫒莶睙o疑是北大之成為世人心目中之北大的始

基。但“兼容并包”并非良莠不分、清濁不辨，更不是阿諛逢迎、同流合

污。相反，是有原則、有格調(diào)、有情操的。我們回顧北大歷史，就可看

到學(xué)術(shù)大師們?yōu)榱俗非笳胬砗屠硐攵煌讌f(xié)的斗爭。

中國的傳統(tǒng)精神中，儒家精神凝聚于“誠”，道家精神凝聚于“真”。

于丹的市場國學(xué)，除其基本知識缺陷外，更根本的是缺失真正學(xué)者必具

的“誠”和“真”。這兩三年來，公眾慢慢厭棄于丹，評價她最普遍的一個

字就“裝”。包括北大學(xué)生在內(nèi)的現(xiàn)場觀眾在于丹未開口前就抵制她，直

至把她轟下臺，根本原因還不是于丹以昆曲外行來扮演專家角色，而是

公開抵制這個“裝”的于丹。觀眾此舉，不是拒絕差異和多元，而是要抵

制于丹所代表的市場的虛偽和流俗對嚴(yán)肅文化的欺凌。

再次是對營造健康文化空間的利好。

一個健康的文化空間，應(yīng)多元并存，因此構(gòu)成文化的豐富多樣性。

一個健康的文化空間，在根本意義上，始終存在著高雅文化與通俗文化

的矛盾，而在市場經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下，必然存在著市場價值和文化價值的沖

突。從文化傳承和創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的意義上，保持經(jīng)典藝術(shù)的純正性、追求高

雅藝術(shù)品位，是以高雅文化為載體的文化建設(shè)的應(yīng)有之義。

昆曲藝術(shù)，雖然源于民間，但數(shù)百年間經(jīng)歷代文人、藝術(shù)家的創(chuàng)新

提練，已結(jié)晶為一種具有世界文化遺產(chǎn)意義的高雅藝術(shù)。作為高雅藝

術(shù)，昆曲具有它不容毀損玷污的格調(diào)、品位，因此演出和觀看，都具有

嚴(yán)格的儀式，堅守其格調(diào)、品位和儀式意義，從文化學(xué)的深層意義講，

就是堅守文化自身的內(nèi)在價值和純正性。于丹作為一個文化符號，代表

的是市場流行文化，她出席這次昆曲演出的著裝明顯輕佻而不合場景，

觀眾（戲迷）對她的抵制，實質(zhì)上是高雅藝術(shù)對流行文化所依憑的商業(yè)

權(quán)勢的抵制。正如許多網(wǎng)民指出的，無論這次昆曲的演出地北大，還是

當(dāng)晚現(xiàn)場，真正的昆曲研究專家，誠心真意熱愛昆曲藝術(shù)的學(xué)者多不勝

舉，為什么主辦方偏偏就要把一個高度市場化的“于丹”商標(biāo)貼在這場大

家薈萃的高雅藝術(shù)演出上呢？

根本原因是這些年來，市場經(jīng)濟(jì)快速擴(kuò)張，引導(dǎo)了流行文化的過度

發(fā)展，乃至于作為流行文化符號的若干明星同時成了高雅文化的代言

人，這實質(zhì)上是流行文化對高雅文化的侵蝕，而高雅文化流行化，是

2000年以來中國文化的普遍狀態(tài)。正是在這個狀態(tài)下，主辦方才將“于

丹”引用為這場高端昆曲專業(yè)演出的“總結(jié)性”符號?，F(xiàn)場觀眾抵制流行

文化的商業(yè)符號“于丹”，就是高雅文化重新對流行文化說“不”。

“于丹被轟”，作為一個文化事件，是開啟高雅文化自我重申的一個

契機(jī)。（作者系清華大學(xué)哲學(xué)系教授，原載《東方早報》2012年11月20

日）

II.CriticalWriting(40points)

Directions:Respondtothefollowingpassageinanessayof270to300

wordswithatitleofyourownchoice,aclearlystatedcentralargument,and

details/examplestosupporttheargument.Writeyouransweronthe

ANSWERSHEET.

IthasbeenobservedthatChineseteenagersphysicalfitnesshasbeenon

thedeclineinthepasttwodecades.Forfearofaccidentalemergencies,some

highschoolsanduniversitiesinHubei,ShanxiandGuangdongsuspendedor

evencancelled)middleandlongdistanceracesattheschoolsportsmeetinthe

fallof2012.

III.Thispartconsistsofsevensections.Answerthequestionssetforthe

programforwhichyouaremakingtheapplication.Writeyouranswersor

yourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(70points)

SectionD：英語教育方向部分(70分)

QuestionsinthissectionaresetforapplicantstotheMAprogramof

EnglishEducation.

Directions:PleaseanswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglishandwrite

youranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

1.BattleHymnoftheTigerMotherisabookbyAmyChuapublishedin

2011.Thecompletesubtitleofthebookis:“hisisastoryaboutamothertwo

daughters,andtwodogs.ThisissupposedtobeastoryofhowChinese

parentsarebetteratraisingkidsthanWesternones.Butinstead,it’sabouta

bitterclashofcultures,afleetingtasteofglory,andhowIwashumbledbya

thirteen-year-old.”

Whatdoyouthinkofa“tigermother”?

2.ProfessorWangChurningrecentlyproposedanewteachingmethod

wherestudentsaregivenunfinishedstoriestoreadandrequiredtowritean

endingforthembasedontheircomprehension.Whatdoyouthinkofthe

possiblestrengthsandweaknessesofsuchamethod?

3.Itisfoundthatsuccessfulforeignlanguagelearnerssharea

considerablenumberofcommonfeatures.Pleaseitemizethosefeatures

accordingtoresearchliteratureoryourpersonalinsights.

4.Inoneresearchdesign,theresearcheraimedtoinvestigateChinese

Englishmajors’willingnesstocommunicateinclass.Shewouldfirstwork

outaquestionnairebyherself.Thenshewouldask15ofherclassmatestodo

thequestionnaireforher.Afterthatshewouldanalyzetheanswersbasedon

hermathematicaltraininginthehighschool.Howdoyouliketheresearch

design?Why?

5.Linglingisahighschoolstudent.Sheoftensayssheisscaredof

makingmistakes.Shehasalwaysbeenthinkingthatshedoesn’twantto

speakEnglishifshefeelsshe’sgoingtoexperiencefailure.Whatdoyou

suggesttocopewiththeproblemofherdemotivatedattitudeifyouareher

Englishteacher?Why?

6.Inrecentyears,quitealotofparentshavesenttheirchildrento

preschoolEnglishclassesregardlessofthecost.Yourcousin,whohasafour-

year-olddaughter,decidestofollowothers.Yourrelativesallsupporther.Do

youhaveasayonthismatter?Ifyouholddifferentopinionsyoumayargue.

7.LiHuiisafirst-yearEnglishmajorinauniversity.Hesaysthatinhis

highschoolmostoftheinstructionsinEnglishclassesfocusedon

memorizingvocabularyanddiscussingthemainideaofeachparagraphand

thearticle.Thestudentswouldonlymemorizethecontentforthetest.What

doyouthinkheshoulddotoorienthimselfinEnglishlearningnow?Why?

2012年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)

（英語教育方向）考研真題

I.Chinese-EnglishTranslation(40points)

Directions:WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

24歲的龍口姑娘刁娜，前不久與丈夫在下班途中，看到一位女子被

撞倒在路中央。為也不讓傷者被二次碾軋，“不讓小悅悅悲劇重演”，刁

娜與丈夫毫不猶豫地下車救人，一邊撥打急救電話，一邊護(hù)在作者身前

疏導(dǎo)交通。漸漸地天色越來越暗，看著面前一輛輛汽車飛馳而來，刁娜

心里也是害怕的。她急中生智，讓丈夫去車?yán)锬镁九?。可就在這時，

意外發(fā)生了。

一輛小汽車超過一輛貨車，直開到刁娜跟前，刁娜被狠狠地撞倒在

地，右腿鉆心的疼，然后疼昏了過去……

刁娜的善舉感染了車禍中的肇事者、被救者，他們用友善、諒解和

誠信，續(xù)寫了一段關(guān)于良知、公德與責(zé)任的佳話……

在一個民族陷入集體的道德焦慮、道德追問之時，刁娜的義舉，各

方的人性善良，既是一抹亮色，也讓我們深思。

II.CriticalWriting(40points)

Directions:Respondtothefollowingpassageinanessayofnomore

than300wordswithatitleofyourownchoice,aclearlystatedcentral

argument,anddetails/examplestosupporttheargument.Writeyouranswer

ontheANSWERSHEET.

YanXuetong,professorofpoliticalscienceanddeanoftheInstituteof

ModernInternationalRelationsatTsinghuaUniversity,arguesinAncient

ChineseThought,ModernChinesePower,that“moralitycanplayakeyrole

inshapinginternationalcompetitionbetweenpoliticalpowers—and

separatingthewinnersfromthelosers.”

III.Thispartconsistsofsevensections.Answerthequestionssetforthe

programforwhichyouaremakingtheapplication.Writeyouranswersor

yourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(70points)

SectionD:英語教育方向部分（70分）

QuestionsinthissectionaresetforapplicantstotheMAprogramof

EnglishEducation.

Directions:pleaseanswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglishandwrite

youranswersontheNASWERSHEET.

1MaryisanativespeakerofEnglishfromUS.Shehashadawork

contractwithauniversityinChinaandshewillarriveinthecitynextweek.

Theuniversityaskedyoutopickherupattheairportandgiveherorientation

aboutEnglishteachingonthetertiarylevelinChinesecontext.Sowhat

wouldyousaytoMaryaboutcollegeEnglishteaching?

2Usethreeexamplestoelaboratehowandwhymoderntechnologyis

employedtofacilitateforeignlanguageteaching.

3Onerecentresearchfindingreportsthatnon-Englishmajorsin

ChineseuniversitiesperformsignificantlybetterthanEnglishmajorsin

criticalthinking.Whatisyourattitudetowardssuchafinding?Howwould

youinterpretsuchafinding?

4DissatisfiedwiththerealityofChineseeducation,moreandmore

parentsdecidetosendtheirchildrenabroadforsecondaryeducation(middle

schoolsandhighschools).Theirmentalityisthatthelongerthechildstaysin

thetargetculture,thebetteritwouldbeforhisorheradaptationtotheculture

andfuturedevelopment.Howwouldyoucommentonthat?

5Pleasedesignthreereadingclassactivitiesforfirst-yearEnglish

majorsinalanguageinstitution.Allthestudentshadtakenthecollege

entranceexaminationandtheyarefromdifferentpartsofthecountry.Then

explainbrieflywhyyoubelievethoseactivitieswouldwork.

6Inthecourseofforeignlanguagelearning,itisonlynaturalthat

studentsmakevariousmistakes.Willyousummarizethreetypesofmistakes

mostfrequentlymadebyChineseEnglishlearnersandanalyzethepotential

causesforthem?

7Heavilyinfluencedbyhumanisticpsychology,someeducators

formulatetheso-calledopenclassroompracticewherestudent-centeredness

andrelaxedteacher-studentcontactareemphasized,whileschedulesand

conventionalroutinesaredeemphasized.Theschoolthenbecomesonethat

hasnoadministration,noreportcards,nocompetitiveexaminations.How

wouldyoucommentonthispractice?

2011年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)

（英語教育方向）考研真題

I.ChineseEnglishTranslation.(40points)

Directions:Translatetheunderlinedsentencesinthefollowingpassage

intoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

農(nóng)民工版《春天里》憑什么打動人？

“如果有一天／我老無所依／請把我留在／在那時光里,如果有一天

我悄然離去／請把我埋在／這春天里”。在這個寒流不斷侵襲的冬日,一

對農(nóng)民工兄弟用嘶啞和蒼涼的歌聲,給我們帶米別樣的“春天”。

兩位農(nóng)民工光著膀子在出租屋唱《春天里》的視頻,迅速紅遍網(wǎng)

絡(luò)。湖南省委書記周強說,“每看一次都感動得熱淚盈眶”。

沒有華麗的舞臺,沒有精心的包裝,打動人心的是夾雜著啤酒、香煙

和雄性荷爾蒙氣息的男人風(fēng)格,是涌動的不安和悲壯的歌詞,更是困境中

頑強的吶喊、艱難中無怨無悔的堅持。

像成千上萬涌入城市的草根一樣,這兩位農(nóng)民工兄弟為了夢想奮斗,

哪怕凄風(fēng)冷雨,哪怕路人白眼!他們用青春寫著“奮斗改變命運”的精神,

用汗水描繪中國人無怨無悔的心靈之歌。

II.CriticalWriting.(40points)

Directions:RespondtoONEofthefourtheseslistedinthefollowing

passageinanessayapproximately300wordswithatitleofyourownchoice,

aclearlystatedcentralargument,anddetails／examplestosupportthe

argument.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

“Televisionmakesyoustupid.

Virtuallyallcurrenttheoriesofthemediumcomedowntothissimple

statement.Fourprincipletheoriescanbedistinguished.

Themanipulationthesispointstoanideologicaldimension.Itseesin

televisionaboveallaninstrumentofpoliticaldomination.Themediumis

understoodasaneutralvessel,whichpoursoutopinionsoverapublic

thoughtofaspassive.Seducedunsuspectingviewersarewonoverbythe

wirepullerswithoutactuallyrealizingwhatishappeningtothem.

Theimitationthesisarguesprimarilyinmoralterms,Accordingtoit

televisionconsumptionleadsabovealltomoraldangers.Anyonewhois

exposedtothemediumbecomeshabituatedtolibertinism,irresponsibility,

crimeandviolence.Theprivateconsequencesareblunted,callousand

obstinateindividuals；thepublicconsequencesarethelossofsocialvirtues

andgeneralmoraldecline.Thisformofcritiquedraws,asisobviousatfirst

glance,ontraditional,bourgeoissources.

Morerecentisthesimulationthesis.Accordingtoit,thevieweris

renderedincapableofdistinguishingbetweenrealityandfiction.Theprimary

realityisrenderedunrecognizableorreplacedbyasecondaryphantom-like

reality.

Alltheseconvergeinthestupefactionthesis.Accordingtoit,watching

television,notonlyunderminestheviewer’sabilitytocriticiseand

differentiate,alongwiththemoralandpoliticalfibreoftheirbeing,butalso

impairtheiroverallabilitytoperceive.Televisionproduces,therefore,anew

typeofhumanbeing,whocan,accordingtotaste,beimaginedasazombieor

mutant.

III.Thispartconsistsofsixsections.Answerthequestionsetforthe

programforwhichyouaremakingtheapplication.Writeyouransweror

yourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(70points)

SectionD英語教育方向部分(70分)

QuestionsinthissectionaresetforapplicantstotheMAprogramof

EnglishEducation.

Directions：Pleaseanswerthe、followingquestionsinEnglishand

writeyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

1.PleasewriteyourcommentonthedifferencesbetweenChinese

cultureandEnglishculture.

2.FifteenyearsoldChenCheninyourclasshasbeenteachers’

headache.Hewouldnotdopreviewbeforecomingforclasses,andskipped

afterclassassignmentsfromtimetotime.InyourEnglishclass,yousimply

can’thavehim—listen.ItseemsthatChenChenisanever-good-door.But，

yesterdayduringtheclassbreak，youpeepedChenChenlooksomethingup

inthedictionary!Veryfriendly,youmoveduptohimandaskedwhathewas

doing.andgotthereplythathewaslookingforawordbecausehewantedto

understandthewordsofanEnglishsong.Pleasewritetotelluswhatyouare

goingtodowithChenChenthenextandthereasons.

3.Yourschoolprincipalisinterestedinintegratingcomputer

technology’intoEnglisheducation，andthereforeassignedyoutoconduct

aninvestigationonthecomputerliteracy，ofyourcolleagues.Pleaseshare

withusyourplaninconductingtheinvestigationandhowyoushallobtain

theinformation.

4.“AdvancedEnglish”hasbeenofferedtoChinesecollegeEnglish

majorsformanyyears.Itisacoursewhereadvancedreadingcomprehension.

EnglishrhetoricandEnglishwritingtechniquesarehighlighted.Butstudents

todayaresometimescomplainingthatitisoutdatedanduninteresting.They

suggestthatsuchacoursebereplacedbycourseliketranslation，literature

orbusinessEnglish.Whatdoyouthink?

5.ZhangHua，aformertopstudentfromaforeignlanguageinstitutein

China，ispursuinghergraduatestudiesonsociologyinanAmerican

university.Shefeelsenormouspressurebecauseofthedifficultiestofollow

allthelecturesinEnglish.SheusedtobeverygoodatEnglishlisteningand

speakingbackintheChineseinstitution.Whatdoyouthinkishappeningto

ZhangHua?Andwhatsuggestionswouldyoumakefortheteachingof

EnglishlistenandspeakinginEnglishprogramsinChina?

6.SomeEnglishmajorsinthecollegearenotmotivatedtoworkhardat

theirEnglishproficiencyonthegroundthatEnglishwouldnothelpthemfind

agoodjobaftergraduation.Insteadtheyareinterestedinacquiringsome

knowledgeandskillsinbusiness，massmediaormanagement.Wheredo

youthinktherealproblemlies?Whatproposalswouldyouliketodevelop?

7.“Languageteachingprofessionisverymuchlikethefashionindustry.

WhenAudiolingualismwasbelievedtobetrendy,everylanguageteacher

wastryingtocatchthebandwagon.Andsomeyearslaterwhen

communicativelanguageteaching(CLT)becamefashionable，allthe

teachersareteachingwithCLT.”Howwouldyoucommentonsucha

remark?

2010年天津外國語大學(xué)801英語語言文學(xué)

（英語教育方向）考研真題

I.Chinese-EnglishTranslation(40points)

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.Writeyour

translationontheANSWERSHEET.

“中國航天之父”錢學(xué)森和中國“歐洲古典藝術(shù)歌曲權(quán)威”蔣英的結(jié)合

堪稱科學(xué)和藝術(shù)的完美聯(lián)姻。

因為父輩為世交，錢學(xué)森和蔣英自幼青梅竹馬，都受到很好的家庭

教育。1947年，他們在上海喜結(jié)良緣，而他們的結(jié)婚“信物”一一黑色三

角鋼琴，也一直伴隨他們。

回國后40多年里，每當(dāng)蔣英登臺演出或指揮學(xué)生畢業(yè)演出時，她總

要請錢學(xué)森去聽、去評論。

談到文藝對科學(xué)思維的啟示和開拓時，錢學(xué)森說：“在我對一件工

作遇到困難而百思不得其解的時候，往往是蔣英的歌聲使我豁然開朗，

得到啟示?！?/p>

每當(dāng)聽到蔣英的歌聲時，錢學(xué)森總是自豪地說：我是多么有福氣

??！

1991年10月16日，錢老在人民大會堂“國家杰出貢獻(xiàn)科學(xué)家”授獎儀

式上即興演講時說：“44年來，蔣英給我介紹了音樂藝術(shù)，這些藝術(shù)里

所包含的詩情畫意和對人生的深刻的理解，使我豐富了對世界的認(rèn)識，

學(xué)會了藝術(shù)的廣闊思維方法?；蛘哒f，正因為我受到這些藝術(shù)方面的熏

陶，所以我才能夠避免死心眼，避免機(jī)械唯物論，想問題能夠更寬一

點、活一點?！?/p>

II.EnglishWriting(40points)

In“FiveThingstheU.S.CanLearnfromChina”,anessaypublishedin

TimeonNovember15,2009,BillPowellmakesafewobservationsand

speculationsaboutChinaandChineseculture.Herearetwoofthem.

“AsChinaslowlydevelopsabetter-fundedandmorereliablesocial-

securitysystemforretirees—whichithasbegun—theeconomicnecessityof

generationslivingtogetherwilldiminishabit.Butnoonebelievesthatas

Chinagetsricher,theculturalnormwillshifttoosignificantly.”

“China,likemanyotherEastAsiancountries,isasocietythathas

esteemedpersonalfinancialprudenceforcenturies.Thereisnochancethat

willchangeanytimesoon,evenifthegovernmentcreatesabettersocial

safetynetandsuccessfullyencouragesgreaterconsumerspending.”

CommentoneitherONEofthetwostatementsinanessayof

approximately400wordswithatitleofyourownchoice,aclearlystated

centralargument,anddetails/examplestosupporttheargument.Writeyour

answerontheANSWERSHEET.

III.Thispartconsistsofsixsections.Answerthequestionssetforthe

programforwhichyouaremakingtheapplication.Writeyouranswersor

yourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(70points)

SectionD：英語教育方向部分(70分)

QuestionsinthissectionaresetforapplicantstotheMAprogramof

EnglishEducation.

Directions:Pleaseansweranysixofthefollowingeightquestionsin

EnglishandwriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(Wordlimit:150-

180wordsforyouranswertoeachofthesixquestionsyouchoose.)

Scenario1

Teachingshouldnotbecomparedtofillingabottlewithwaterbutrather

tohelpingaflowertogrowinitsownway.Asanygoodteacherknows,the

methodsofinstructionandrangesofmaterialcoveredareofsmall

importanceascomparedwiththesuccessinarousingthenaturalcuriosityof

thestudentsinexploringontheirownanyorganismneedsarichand

stimulatingenvironmentinorderforitsnaturalcapacitiestoemerge.Again,

togobacktotheimageofteachingbeinglikeallowingaflowertogrowwell,

ifyoudon’tgivetheflowerwaterit’snotgoingtogrowtobeflower.It’snot

learningfromthewatertobeaflower—ifitwasatree,itwouldusethesame

watertogrowtobetree.Ithinkmuchofthesamekindofthinghappens,in

humandevelopment,includingthedevelopmentoflanguageandthoughts.

Whatdoesthisparagraphsignifyinrelatingteachingtohelpingaflowerto

grow?Whyistheprocessofteachingcompatiblewiththedevelopmentof

languageandthought?

Scenario2

Oneofthegreatthinkersarguesthathappinessmeansthestateof

minimalrepression,asenseofsecurityandfreedom.Childrenwillonly

achievehappinessiftheyarefree.Inpositivetermsitconsistsofaninner

feelingofwell-being,asenseofbalance,afeelingofbeingcontentedwith

life.Thesecanonlyexistwhenonefeelsfree.Conventionaleducationmakes

themistakeofexaltingtheintellectovertheemotionswiththeresultthat

childrenmayknowalotoffactsbutlackinnercontentmentandfulfillment.

Healsomaintainsiftheemotionsarepermittedtobereallyfree,theintellect

willlookafteritself.Howdoyoucritiquehisideaofhappiness?Inwhat

sensedoyouthinkhestronglyattacksthemistakeconventionaleducation

made?

Scenario3

YouhavelearnedEnglishforabout10yearsorso.Nowyoucantellus

howtolearnEnglishasaforeignlanguagewithyourreallytrying.Please

stateanytwoofthefollowingpoints:(a)thelanguagelearningstrategiesan

EFLstudentshouldemploy;(b)thedictionariesthatshouldaccompanyan

EFLlearnerandhowtomakegooduseofthem;(c)howtolearnthenew

wordsinatext.

Scenario4

XiaoMin,a20-year-oldgirl,whousedtobeanoutstandingseniorhigh

schoolstudentatoneofthekeyschoolsofherhometowninChina,hasbeen

oftenanxiousaboutherOralEnglishCourseandthemid-termorfinal

examinationsofallEnglishcoursessinceshewasadmittedasanEnglish

majorintoametropolitanForeignStudiesUniversity.Sheisnolongeramong

thetopstudents.Willyoupleasemakesomecommentsonher“test-

anxiety”?

Scenario5

InoneoftheclassesforLanguageandCultureonauniversitycampus

oftheUnitedStates,whereinternationalstudentsmadeup20%,everyonein

thisclasswasassignedatasktostudyanyoftheforeignlanguageavailable

andworkouttheirgrammaticalsystemsbydoingindependentresearch.The

preconditionwasthattheyweretopickupaFOREIGNlanguagecompletely

newtothem.Nooneissupposedtostudythesamelanguageasanyoneelse.

Eachwasrequiredtowritedowntheforeignlanguagetheyweregoingto

workon,togetherwithhisorhersignatureonthepreparedsheetofpaper.

Everyonewastryingtosignasquicklyastheycouldlikeanearlierbirdthat

thatcatchestheworm.Thoughthelastoneoftheclasswasnotaslucky,she

madeaveryspecialdecisiontostudyoneoftheAmericanIndianlanguages:

Ojibwei.Whydoyouthinkshewasconfidentintakingsuchachallenge

sinceOjibweiissuchadyinglanguagethatonlyasmallnumberofpeople

speakit?Onwhatbasisdoyouthinkitpossibleforherandalltheothersin

thisclasstofulfilltheirtasksasdesiredbytheinstructor?

Scenario6

Educationistswhoemphasizechildren’sinnatecognitiveendowmentare

oftenassociatedwitha“child-centered”approachtoeducation,a“handsoff”

policyofallowingthechild’sunderstandingnaturallytoblossom.Plato,who

valueshumanbeing’sinnateendowment,elaboratesthateducationisto

“cleanandreigniteamentalorganwhicheveryonehasbyusingtheSocratic

Methodofquestionandanswer,aninstructionalapproachtokeepreminding

thechildrenofandrecollectingthingstheyhavealreadyandinnatelyknown.

InwhatsensedoyouthinkPlato’sSocraticMethodcorrespondstothe

“child-centered”approach?Whatshouldchildren’sinnatecognitive

endowmentgohandinhandwithchild-centeredapproach?Pleasestateyour

pointofviewbasedonyourunderstandingandpersonalexperience.

Scenario7

YouareateacherofEnglishinChinesecontextwhereallyourstudents

arelearningEnglishasaforeignlanguage.Thestudentsarefirst-yearnon-

Englishmajorsatauniversity.Recentlyyounoticethatmostofthemareso

comfortablewithEnglish-Chinesedictionaries.Youareafraidthatitmay

bringaboutsomepossiblenegativeconsequencesforyourstudents,soyou

believethatsomethin