主謂一致課件

主謂一致

要點(diǎn)精講主謂一致“一致”是指句子成分之間或詞語之間在性、數(shù)等方面應(yīng)保持一致?！爸髦^一致”是指謂語動(dòng)詞與主語必須在人稱、性、數(shù)上保持一致，即主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如are,were,have等，主語是單數(shù)，謂語要用單數(shù)形式，如：is,was,has,works等。在具體處理一致關(guān)系時(shí)可遵循以下三原則:語法一致、意義一致、就近一致。主謂一致1.

由and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，一個(gè)人的雙重身份或匹配出現(xiàn)的事物時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)，由and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

The

workerandwriter

isfromWuhan.(那個(gè)工人兼作家…)

Theworkerandthewriter

arefromBeijing.(那位工人和那位作家)主謂一致常見的由and連接的指一個(gè)概念的有：theneedleandthread針線

saltandwater鹽和水

thefolkandknife刀叉

ironandsteel鋼鐵timeandtide歲月(時(shí)間和潮水)

Breadandbutter

isadailyfoodintheWest.

BothCathyandherdaughterLinda

havegonefishinginCanada.

主謂一致2.everyoneof

oneof

eachof

eitherof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。

Eachofthestudents

hasabook.3.表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。

Twentyyears

haspassedsincehelefthishometown.主謂一致4.Every…and(every)…,

each…and(each)…,

no…and(no)…,

manya…and(manya)…連接兩個(gè)

單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。

Everydeskandeverychair

ismade

ofwood.

Manyaboyandgirl

hasmadethe

samemistake.

主謂一致5.集體名詞class,family,army,team,club,population,enemy,party,crowd,majority,crew,audience,public,government,group等作主語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個(gè)體成員用復(fù)數(shù)。

Hisfamily

isinHarbin.

Hisfamily

aremusiclovers.主謂一致

Thisclass

consistsof45students.Mr.

Greenteachesit．Thisclass

arealldiligent.Mr.Greenteachesthem.Theteam

isthebestintheleague．

這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。

Thefootballteam

arehavingbaths．

足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛琛?/p>

主謂一致1．Hisfamily_______asmallone．2．Hisfamily_______fatandshort． A.is,is B.are,are

C.is,are D.are,is此題應(yīng)選C。family是一個(gè)集合名詞，具有單數(shù)(側(cè)重指整體)和復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重指個(gè)體)兩種可能。主謂一致但是并不是所有的集合名詞都具有以上兩種用法：

1.

有的集合名詞總是用作單數(shù)(不可數(shù))：clothing衣服，poetry詩歌，baggage／luggage行李，furniture家俱，scenery景色等。2.

有的集合名詞總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義(但不用復(fù)數(shù)形式)：people人，police警察，cattle牲口等。主謂一致6.all,none,some,any等不定代詞作主語，根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定。Allarepresent.Allthefoodtastesgood.7.“half/most/enough/part/therest/thelast/lots/plenty/分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)

+of+名詞”作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞要和of之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。主謂一致Two-thirdsofthepeoplepresentare

againsttheplan.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthis

coveredbysea.Overtwentypercentofthecity

was

destroyedinthewar.Forty-fivepercentofthedoctors

were

woman.主謂一致8.由or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso

等連接的并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞常和靠近的作主語的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致——就近原則。

Notonlyhebutalso

I

aminvited.

Neithermyglovesnormyhatgoeswiththedress.9.由therebe引導(dǎo)的句子，當(dāng)主語不是

一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常與最近的主語

一致。主謂一致NotonlyIbutJaneandMary_____

tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.(89’)

A.isB.areC.amD.be析:由“or,either…or,neither…nor,not…but,notonly…butalso”連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞與靠近的主語保持一致。B主謂一致10.主語后跟“with/alongwith/togetherwith/including/but/except/like/among/aswellas/nomorethan/besides/ratherthan+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般和前面的主語保持一致。

Theteacher

withanumberofstudents

isintheclassroom.主謂一致Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift．A.isoffered

B.hasofferedC.areoffered

D.haveoffered主謂一致謂語應(yīng)該跟主語一致還是跟表語一致?WeChinese____ahard-workingpeople．A.isB.are

C.isbeingD.arebeing此題應(yīng)選B。這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通常說的是主謂一致（即謂語與主語保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語與表語一致），本題意為：我們中國人是一個(gè)勤勞的民族。主謂一致注意以下類似例子：Thesetwodictionaries

areapresentformybestfriendJim．Theplanets

weretheobjectofhisstudy．ThemostimportantthingIneedisbooks．Thecountry'sleadingexport

iswatches．Thebestpartofthemeal

isthecoffeeandcookies．主謂一致1.______youorhetheteacherof

English?2.Neithermysisternormymother

______presentatthemeeting.A.Are,wasB.Is,wereC.Are,areD.Is,isA主謂一致

Whenandwheretobuildthenew

factory______yet.(91’)

A.isnotdecided

B.arenotdecided

C.hasnotdecided

D.havenotdecided析:當(dāng)when和where加不定式指的是同一件事時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。A主謂一致I,notyou,______wrong.

NotIbuthe______beeninvited.

A.were,haveB.were,has

C.was,hasD.was,have有否定形式加入時(shí),動(dòng)詞看肯定形式。C主謂一致every并列使用時(shí)，動(dòng)詞取單數(shù)。Everyboyandeverygirl______

thateachdayandeachhourbrings

______duty.A.know,theirB.knows,theirC.knows,itsD.know,itsB主謂一致E-mail,aswellastelephones,____

animportantpartindaily

communication.(99上海2)A.isplaying B.haveplayedC.areplaying D.play主謂一致1.Oneortwodays____enoughtosee

thecity．A.isB.areC.amD.be2.NeithermywifenorImyself____able

topersuademydaughtertochange

hermind．A.isB.areC.amD.be主謂一致3.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary

____tiredofhavingoneexamination

afteranother．A.isB.areC.amD.be4.Nottheteacher,butthestudents

____lookingforwardtoseeingthe

film．A.isB.areC.amD.be主謂一致5.Awomanwithsomechildren______

soon． A.iscoming B.arecoming C.hascome D.havecome6.Nooneexceptmyparents____

anythingaboutthis。 A.know B.knows