2024年中考英語指示代詞和反身代詞復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)題

一、指示代詞定義表示時(shí)間或空間上遠(yuǎn)近關(guān)系的代詞叫指示代詞。this這;指離說話人近的單數(shù)的人或物。that那；指離說話人遠(yuǎn)的單數(shù)的人或物。these這些；指離說話人近的復(fù)數(shù)人或物。those那些；指離說話人遠(yuǎn)的復(fù)數(shù)的人或物。指示代詞在句中都可以用the來替代。二、用法1.作主語Thisismypen,that’syours.2.作表語WhatIwantisthat.3.作賓語Youtakethis,Itakethat.4.作介詞賓語Don’tthinktoomuchofthat.5.作定語Thispenismine.Thosebooksarehers.三、特殊用法1.為了避免重復(fù)，用that,those代替前面提到過的名詞，但this,these不可這樣用。TheweatherinWuhanishotterthanthatofGuangzhou.ThemachinesmadeinShanghaiarebetterthanthosemadeinTokyo.2.this和that作狀語，表程度，相當(dāng)于too或so。Don’ttakeitthatmuch.3.在回答指示代詞作主語的一般疑問句時(shí)，答句要用it或they。Isthisyourpen?Yes,itis.Arethoseyourbooks?No,theyaren’t.4.向別人介紹某個(gè)人時(shí)用“Thisis...”,不能用“Thatis...”或“Heis...”等。ThisismyfriendTom.5.用語中用“Thisis...speaking.”代替“I’m...”，用“Isthat...”代替“Areyou...”ThisisTinaspeaking.我是蒂娜。IsthatTinaspeaking?你是蒂娜嗎？反身代詞的用法:作同位語和作賓語同位語就是對(duì)句子的某一成分進(jìn)一步解釋、補(bǔ)充或說明的句子成分，放在被補(bǔ)充、說明的詞語之后，且與被補(bǔ)充、說明的詞語的在語法上處于同等地位。比如：wehavetwoforeignteacher,aCanadianandanAmerican。我們有兩個(gè)外籍教師，一個(gè)是加拿大人，一個(gè)是美國人。（劃線部分就是twoforeignteacher的同位語）.反身代詞可以作主語或賓語的同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。注意：此時(shí)，因?yàn)榉瓷泶~是用來強(qiáng)調(diào)的，所以必須重讀。另外，反身代詞的位置比較靈活，可以放在被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語或賓語后，也可以放在句尾。來兩個(gè)例子:①Imyselffinishedmyhomework.=Ifinishedmyhomeworkmyself.我自己寫完了作業(yè)。②Ispoketothebossherself.我對(duì)老板本人講的。（2）作賓語反身代詞即可作動(dòng)詞賓語，也可做介詞賓語。注意：反身代詞的此種用法不起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，因此不重讀。①Tomtaughthimselftoswim.湯姆自學(xué)了游泳。（作動(dòng)詞賓語）②WeenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastSunday.（作動(dòng)詞賓語）我們上個(gè)星期天過得非常愉快。③Theoldmanoftentalkstohimself.（作介詞賓語）這位老爺爺經(jīng)常自言自語。2.強(qiáng)調(diào)用法反身代詞在強(qiáng)調(diào)用法中表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，即用來加強(qiáng)某個(gè)名詞或者代詞的語氣，可譯成“親自”、“本人”。此時(shí)，它在句中作同位語。即使去掉，也不影響句子的完整性。例如:(1)Youmustdoityourself.(你必須自己做)(2)Imyselfdidthehomeworklastnight。(昨晚是我自己做了家庭作業(yè))3.非強(qiáng)調(diào)用法這種用法通常表示反身代詞與句中的主語是同一人。它在句中作賓語，不能省略，否則該句是一個(gè)意義不完整的錯(cuò)句。例如:(1)Janeistooyoungtolookafterherself.(簡年紀(jì)太小，以至于不能照看自己)(2)IteachmyselfEnglish.(我自學(xué)英語)(3)Hedidn'thurthimself,thankgoodness.(他未傷了他自己，謝天謝地。)4.與by搭配當(dāng)反身代詞與by搭配時(shí)，意為:單獨(dú)地，沒有人幫助的。例如:(1)Wemustfinishitallbyourselves.(我們必須全靠自己去完成.)(2)Hecanswimallbyhimself.(他能獨(dú)自一個(gè)人游泳。)5.一些常用的固定搭配 teachoneselfsth/learnsth.byoneself自學(xué) enjoyoneself玩得高興;過得愉快 helponeselftosth.請(qǐng)自用…(隨便吃/喝些……)saytooneself自言自語dressoneslef自己穿衣loseoneselfin沉迷于.練習(xí)題一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Iwenttotherestaurantandboughtsomefoodfor________.A．I B．me C．myself2．Theparentsalwaysleavetheirsonaloneathome.Theythinkheisoldenoughtolookafter________.A．him B．his C．himself D．he3．Theriversinthecountrysidearecleanerthan_______inthecity.A．this B．that C．those4．________aremyparents,and________ismysister.A．That;those B．This;that C．These;that D．This;this5．—Doyouneedanyhelp?—No,thanks.Icanfinishit________.A．I B．me C．mine D．myself6．—WhohelpedTomcookthemeal?—Nobody.Hediditby________.A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself7．—Whoteaches________French?—Nobody.Iteach________.A．your;mine B．your;my C．you;myself D．you;me8．Xi’anis________oldcitywithalonghistory.A．soan B．sucha C．soa D．suchan9．________girlsareherfriends.A．They B．That C．This D．These10．—Whatarethese?—________pears.A．It’s B．They’re C．Theseare D．Itis11．________greatfunitistogohikingin__________weather!A．How,suchafine B．What,suchfine C．How,sofine二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空12．(That)aremyparents.13．—Are(this)yourbooks?—No,theyaren’t.They’reGina’s.三、多句選詞填空根據(jù)句意從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，使句子通順。（每空一詞）important

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harvest14．Mycousinistheinhisfamily.Heneedstoeatmore.15．DoctorZhang’stalktoldusmoreabouttheofsavingwildlife.16．Thefarmerswerebusywheatwhenwevisitedthefarm.17．Peterfelloffhisbikethismorning.,hedidn’thurthimselfatall.18．Akindoff