高中英語人教版必修三教學(xué)案：Unit-4-Section-5-含答案

[技法指導(dǎo)]解決問題類說明文，就是針對某一問題提出具體的解決方法并進行適當(dāng)論述，給讀者提供知識，使之掌握解決問題的方法。此類作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)如下：第一部分：提出問題或闡述某件事情的重要性；第二部分：列舉說明處理某事的方式或解決某個問題的途徑；第三部分：針對提出的解決方法進行簡要評價，也可提出個人建議或選擇，并闡述理由。黃金表達常用的開頭語1．Oneofthebiggestproblemsfacingtheworldtodayisglobalwarming.世界所面臨的最大問題之一是全球變暖。2．Asweallknow,theglobalwatershortageisbecomingincreasinglyseveremainlyduetoglobalwarming.眾所周知，由于全球變暖，全球水資源短缺問題正變得日益嚴(yán)重。3．Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming.毫無疑問，地球正變得更加暖和，全球變暖正是人類活動所致。4．Inordertoavoidtrafficjams,Istronglysuggestsomeeffectivemeasuresbetaken.為避免交通擁堵，我強烈建議采取一些有效的措施。主體部分常用表達1．Inthefirstplace,Iwouldalsorecommendabalanceddiet.首先，我也會推薦均衡飲食。2．Weshouldworktogethertofightagainstpollutionandmakeourenvironmentsaferandmorecomfortabletolivein.我們應(yīng)該一起努力同污染作斗爭使我們的環(huán)境更安全更適宜居住。3．Thereisnodenyingthefactthatitisaseriousproblem;thegovernmentshouldtakestrongmeasurestodealwithit.無可否認，這是一個嚴(yán)重的問題，政府應(yīng)該采取有力措施來解決它。4．Themostimportantthingisthatpeopleshouldbemadeawareoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.最重要的是應(yīng)讓人們意識到保護環(huán)境的重要性。常用的結(jié)束語1．Ifwearemoreenvironmentallyfriendly,theearth'stemperaturemaynotrisetoomuch.如果我們多善待環(huán)境，地球溫度就可能不會上升那么快了。2．AsfarasI'mconcerned,it'severyone'sdutytoprotecttheenvironment.依我看來，保護環(huán)境是我們每個人的責(zé)任。3．It'shightimethatwedidsomethingaboutit.是我們該做些事情的時候了。[寫作規(guī)范][題目要求]假設(shè)你是李華，對探月感興趣，現(xiàn)在寫一篇短文，設(shè)想如何在假期到月球旅行，重點問題是如何克服吃飯和喝水的問題。要求：詞數(shù)100左右。[三步作文法]第一步：搜索單元詞匯1．重力gravity2．飄浮float3．阻止……做……prevent_..._from_...4．解決solve5．嘗試try/have_a_try6．遲早；終于in_time第二步：巧用單元語法和句型(一)根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1．如果我參觀月球，會有一個問題。IfIvisitedthemoon,there_would_be_a_problem.2．我可能要面對一個問題。Imightbe_facedwithaproblem.3．Whatcanbestdescribetheauthor'sfeelingsafterthefirstpractice?A．Mixed.B．Puzzled.C．Thankful.D．Regretful.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Isatrigid,tryingtocatchmybreath.Partofmewantedtogetoutandneverdriveagain...Ihadovercomeoneofmygreatestfears—losingcontrolofthecar.Ievenfeltalittleexcited”不難看出，第一次練習(xí)結(jié)束后，作者既害怕又因為自己克服了恐懼而感到激動，心情很復(fù)雜。4．Whatdoweknowabouttheclass?A．It'stiring.B．It'shelpful.C．It'sexpensive.D．It'sinteresting.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“therewassnowontheground,Ididn'teventhinkaboutcallinganotherparenttodrivemydaughtertoschool.‘Icandothis，’Itoldmyself.AndIdid.”可知，再次遇到下雪天的時候，作者自己開車送女兒去學(xué)校，這說明作者克服了自己的恐懼，課程很有用。Ⅱ.任務(wù)型閱讀Mostofusbelievethatweknowourselvesbetterthananyoneinthisworld.Butalotofpeoplearestillstrangerstothemselves.Why?1.________Ifyouareoneofthosewhowanttoknowyourselfbetter,thesestepswillguideyou.Takesometimetowritedownthingsthatyouknowverywellaboutyourself—yourinterests,likes,dislikes,preferences,hobbies,strengths,weaknesses,hopes,fears,dreamsandsoon.2.________Bycreatingalistofyourpersonalcharacteristicsthatyouarefamiliarwith,youarekeepingyourselfintouchwithyourself.Takepersonalityandpsychologicaltests.TheInternethasarichsourceoffreeonlinepersonalityandpsychologicalassessmentsandtests.3.________Knowyourselfbetterbyunderstandingpeople'sperceptions(看法)aboutyou.4.________Sometimes,youthinkyouknowyourselfenough,butotherpeoplewhoseeyoufromtheirpointofviewcanofferyousomeinsights(洞察力)astohowyouactandgetunderstoodbyothers.Becareful,however,tobalanceallperceptionstocomeupwithanobjectiveviewaboutyourself.5．________It'salifetimeprocess.Everydayyouwillbegivennewinsightsaboutyourself.Writingajournalwillhelpyoukeeptrackofthesenewdiscoveries.Maintainingthathungerforknowingyourselfbetterwillmakeyoumoreself-aware,whichwillopenupnewopportunitiestoenrichyourlife.A．Keeponlearningwhoyouare.B．Byansweringthem,youwillunderstandmoreaboutyourself.C．Reflectonthesequalitiesandfindouthowtheyinfluenceyourlife.D．Youshouldhavetheconfidencethatyoucandowellinsomefields.E．Payattentiontowhatyourfamily,friendsandteacherssayaboutyou.F．Spendtimecomparingyourselfwithothers,andyou'llknowyourselfbetter.G．Noteveryoneiscourageousenoughtoreallyachieveabetterself-understanding.語篇解讀：本文是說明文。介紹如何更好地了解自己。1．解析：選G根據(jù)本空前“Butalotofpeoplearestillstrangerstothemselves.Why？”可知，該選項正好回答了為什么有很多人仍然不了解自己這一問題——并不是每個人都有足夠的勇氣真正地達到了較好的自我了解，故選G。2．解析：選C本選項中的“thesequalities”指代前一句所列舉出的個性特征，同時與后一句中的“yourpersonalcharacteristics”所指的是同一事物，故選C。3．解析：選B本選項中的them指代前一句中的“onlinepersonalityandpsychologicalassessmentsandtests.”本句意為：通過回答這些測試，你會更多地了解自己。故選B。4．解析：選E本選項承接上一句說明了如何通過別人對你的看法來更好地了解自己，即要留意身邊的人是怎樣評價你的，故選E。5．解析：選A根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容可以概括出本段的主旨，即要持續(xù)不斷地了解自己，故此處選A。Ⅲ.完形填空WhenIqbalMasihwasfouryearsold,hisdesperatelypoor,uneducatedparentssoldhimtoacarpetmakerfor$200.Forsixyears,Iqbalmadecarpetseveryday.Hedidnoteatwellandspent14hoursaday__1__overacarpetloom(織機).Asaresult,hewas__2__andhisbonesdidnotgrowcorrectly.The__3__intheairdamagedhislungs.WhenIqbalwas__4__，EhsanUllaKhan,founderoftheBondedLaborLiberationFront(BLLF),__5__Iqbal.KhanfoundedBLLFin1988to__6__childlaborinPakistan.Theorganizationhasfreedmorethan30，000childrenandrunsitsownschools.Iqbalwenttoschoolandtheneventually__7__theBLLFtoworkinsupportofPakistan'stwelvemillionchildlaborers.Although__8__andsmall,Iqbalwasbraveand__9__.AsaworkerwiththeBLLF,hespoketochildrenabouttheir__10__andworkedtofreeasmanyas3，000children.HealsotraveledtotheUnitedStatesandEuropeasaninternational__11__fortheBLLF.Onthese__12__hemadespeechesaskingforanendtobondedchildlabor.Healsoaskedpeoplenotto__13__Pakistanicarpetsbecausealmostallofthemweremadeby__14__．Iqbalbecameaninternational__15__.In1992,Pakistanicarpetexportsdroppedforthefirsttimeindecades.Exportsdecreasedfurtherin1993and1994.AlthoughIqbalwas__16__ayoungchild,hebecamethe__17__ofPakistan'scarpetmakers.OnApril16,1995,thecarpet__18__gottheirrevenge(報復(fù)).Iqbalwasshotand__19__whileridinghisbicyclewithafriend.Hiskillershavenotyetbeencaught.__20__，theworkofthisbraveyoungmancontinuesandtheoutrage(憤慨)againstchildlaborisgrowingallovertheworld.語篇解讀：本文是記敘文。文章講述了IqbalMasih做童工的經(jīng)歷和反對巴基斯坦雇用童工做地毯的故事。1．A.bendingB．walkingC．talkingD．sleeping解析：選A根據(jù)常識可知，織地毯時童工應(yīng)該是彎著腰的，再結(jié)合下文的“hisbonesdidnotgrowcorrectly”可推斷，Iqbal每天長時間“彎著腰(bending)”織地毯。2．A.strongB．prettyC．darkD．tiny解析：選D由上文的“Hedidnoteatwell”可推斷，Iqbal因為營養(yǎng)不良長得很“瘦小(tiny)”。3．A.soundB．fragranceC．dustD．water解析：選C由下文的“damagedhislungs”可推斷，空氣中的“塵埃(dust)”損害了Iqbal的肺。4．A.fourB．sixC．tenD．twelve解析：選C由第一段中的“WhenIqbalMasihwasfouryearsold,his...parentssoldhimtoacarpetmakerfor$200.Forsixyears,Iqbalmadecarpetseveryday”可推斷，Iqbal十歲時結(jié)束了童工生涯。5．A.metB．freedC．hurtD．hired解析：選B由下文的“Theorganizationhasfreedmorethan30，000children”及“Iqbalwenttoschool”可推斷，Khan使Iqbal獲得了“自由(freed)”。6．A.takeadvantageofB．fightagainstC．giveupD．turnto解析：選B由下文的“Theorganizationhasfreedmorethan30，000children”可推斷，Khan成立BLLF的目的是“反對(fightagainst)”巴基斯坦雇用童工。7．A.startedB．neededC．joinedD．forbade解析：選C由下文的“workinsupportofPakistan'stwelvemillionchildlaborers”可推斷，Iqbal“加入了(joined)”BLLF。8．A.sillyB．a(chǎn)ngryC．lazyD．sick解析：選D由第一段末的“Asaresult,hewas...theairdamagedhislungs”可推斷，Iqbal“身體不好(sick)”。9．A.smartB．richC．modestD．kind解析：選A下文提到Iqbal代表BLLF在美國和歐洲演講并成功解救了很多童工，他還倡議人們不要購買巴基斯坦的地毯。這說明他是一個“聰明的(smart)”孩子。10．A.rightsB．giftsC．jobsD．friends解析：選A上文提到Iqbal反對雇用童工，據(jù)此可推斷他應(yīng)該是向孩子們講他們的各項“權(quán)利(rights)”，如受教育的權(quán)利。11．A.businessmanB．gentlemanC．spokesmanD．policeman解析：選C由下文的“hemadespeeches”可推斷，Iqbal以BLLF的國際“發(fā)言人(spokesman)”的身份去了美國和歐洲。12．A.factsB．tripsC．boardsD．carpets解析：選B由上文的“HealsotraveledtotheUnitedStatesandEurope”可知應(yīng)選trips。13．A.showB．buyC．sellD．damage解析：選B由下文的“In1992,Pakistanicarpetexportsdropped”可推斷，Iqbal請求人們不要“購買(buy)”巴基斯坦地毯。14．A.machinesB．a(chǎn)dultsC．robotsD．children解析：選DIqbal反對雇用童工，并為此請求人們不要購買巴基斯坦地毯，因為幾乎所有的巴基斯坦地毯都是“兒童(children)”制作的。15．A.starB．writerC．heroD．teacher解析：選CIqbal反對雇用童工且工作效果顯著，據(jù)此可推斷，他成了國際“英雄(hero)”。16．A.stillB．evenC．a(chǎn)lreadyD．a(chǎn)lso解析：選A參見下題解析。17．A.supporterB．partnerC．leaderD．enemy解析：選D由上文Iqbal號召人們不要購買巴基斯坦地毯及下文的“gottheirrevenge”可推斷，Iqbal雖然“仍然(still)”是個孩子，但是因為觸犯了地毯制造商的利益而成了他們的“敵人(enemy)”。18．A.designersB．loversC．makersD．consumers解析：選C上文提到Iqbal成了地毯制造商的敵人，要報復(fù)他的應(yīng)該也是這些人。故選makers。19．A.punishedB．touchedC．firedD．killed解析：選D由下文“Hiskillers”可知，Iqbal被“殺害了(killed)”。20．A.InsteadB．HoweverC．ThereforeD．Otherwise解析：選B“殺死Iqbal的兇手沒有被抓到”和“反對童工的工作繼續(xù)進行，人們對雇用童工的行為更加憤慨”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選However。Ⅳ.語法填空M：MissDermott,doyouthink,withinafewyears,manypeoplecouldworkathomeinsteadof1.________(work)inoffices?W：Oh,yes.It'shappeningnow.Yousee,thecommunicationindustry2.________(make)muchprogressinthelasttenyears.M：Andhowdothesepeoplemanagetowork?Imean,3.________equipmentdotheyhaveathome?W：Well,4.________haveatelevisionset,acomputer,aprinter,andatelephonetokeepintouch5.________others.M：Oh,Isee.It'scertainthatthere'resomeadvantagesofbeingabletoworkathome.W：Yes.Peopledon'thavetospendalotoftime6.________(get)toandfromtheirworkplaces.Therushhours,aseveryoneknows,arethe7.________(bad)timeofadaytotravel,andmillionsofpeoplehavetogetupearly.M：Oh,Isee.W：Inthefuture,aBritishfirm,8.________baseisinLondon,mightemployclerksinBelfast,and9.________PariscompanycouldhavetheirsecretariesinSpain,10.________thentheyjustareabletouseatelephoneandacomputertofinishallthetasks.語篇解讀：未來可能會有很多人只需要在家辦公，不再需要在家和公司之間來回奔波。1．解析：working考查非謂語動詞。insteadofdoingsth.“而不是做某事”。2．解析：hasmade考查時態(tài)。inthelast...years常和現(xiàn)在完成時連用