第一部分-必修二-Module-3

Module3Musiceq\a\vs4\al\co1(狂背單詞////////////////////////////////////////////)Ⅰ.單詞語境記憶1.warmapplausefromtheaudience來自觀眾的熱烈的掌聲2.acomplexprocess一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過程3.ageniusatstorytelling講故事的天才4.acatchysong一首動(dòng)人的歌曲5.beautifultune優(yōu)美的曲調(diào)6.aboywholikesclassical喜歡古典音樂的男孩7.apeasant’sson一位農(nóng)民的兒子8.akindprince和藹的王子9.thelatestalbum最新的專輯10.formaband組建樂隊(duì)Ⅱ.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換與派生記憶1.tourvt.巡回演出；旅行→n.旅游；巡回演出2.musiciann.音樂家→musicn.音樂→musicaladj.音樂的3.directorn.指揮；導(dǎo)演→directvt.指揮adj.直接的→directionn.方向4.losevt.失去；丟失→lossn.損失→lostadj.丟失的；迷失的5.talentn.天分；天賦；才華→talentedadj.有才能的6.recordvt.錄音→recordern.錄音機(jī)7.composevt.作曲；創(chuàng)作→composern.作曲家→compositionn.作文；作曲8.mixvt.使混合→mixturen.混合物→mixedadj.混合的9.influencevt.影響→influentialadj.有影響力的10.lecturern.(大學(xué)的)講師→lecturen.&vt.演講；報(bào)告11.conductorn.指揮→conductvt.指揮(樂隊(duì))12.Austrian.奧地利→Austrianadj.奧地利的『聯(lián)想記憶』1.“音樂”達(dá)人①performvt.演出；表演②performancen.演出；表演③classicaladj.古典的④composevt.&vi.作(曲)⑤composern.創(chuàng)作者⑥conductvt.指揮⑦conductorn.(樂隊(duì)等的)指揮⑧albumn.專輯2.－ician結(jié)尾名詞全接觸①musician音樂家②magician魔術(shù)師③electrician電工④technician技術(shù)員⑤physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生3.表達(dá)“愚蠢與聰明”的形容詞小結(jié)①gifted/talented有才能的；有才干的②stupid愚蠢的③silly傻的；愚蠢的④bright明亮的；聰明的⑤wise明智的；聰明的；博學(xué)的⑥brilliant杰出的；有才氣的⑦foolish傻的；愚蠢的⑧intelligent聰明的；智能的⑨smart聰明的；敏捷的eq\a\vs4\al\co1(狂背短語//////////////////////////////////////////////////////)『短語背誦』1.beknownas作為……而出名2.o...把……變成……3.ofalltime有史以來4.aswellas不僅……而且……；也5.godeaf變聾6.ifso如果這樣的話7.splitup分裂；分割8.noway沒門兒『詞塊積累』1.giveconcerts舉辦音樂會(huì)2.playtheviolin拉小提琴3.forthefirsttime第一次4.beimpressedwith留下深刻印象5.makeanoteof記錄6.haveatalentfor有……的天賦eq\a\vs4\al\co1(狂背佳句//////////////////////////////////////////////////////)1.Bythetimehewas14，Mozarthadcomposedmanypiecesfortheharpsichord，pianoandviolin，aswellasfororchestras.莫扎特到14歲的時(shí)候，不僅已經(jīng)譜寫了很多管弦樂曲，還譜寫了許多撥弦鍵琴曲、鋼琴曲和小提琴曲。2.Havingworkedtherefor30years，HaydnmovedtoLondon，wherehewasverysuccessful.在那里工作了30年后，海頓移居倫敦，并在那兒大獲成功。3.However，itwasHaydnwhoencouragedBeethoventomovetoVienna.然而，是海頓鼓勵(lì)貝多芬移居維也納的。4.Ashegrewolder，hebegantogodeaf.隨著年齡的增長，他的耳朵變聾了。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Theaudience(觀眾)allovertheworldwereimpressedwiththeopeningceremonyofthe30thOlympicGames.2.Hissonissocleverthateveryoneconsidershimtobeagenius(天才).3.ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchacomplex(復(fù)雜的)word—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.4.Thefamoussingerwasalwaystouring(巡回演出)indifferentcountries.5.Aftertheharvest，peasants(農(nóng)民)begantopreparethesoilforseed.6.Whensomeonecomposes(創(chuàng)作)apieceofmusic，he/shewritesit.7.Thesongissocatchy(動(dòng)人的)thatitmakesyoubounceroundthelivingroomortapyourfeet.8.Withhislastjumpheequaledtheworldrecord(記錄).9.Mixing(混合)yellowpaintwithbluepaint，you’llgetgreenpaint.10.Hehadlost(丟失)hisidentitycardandwasbeingquestionedbythepolice.Ⅱ.詞性變化練習(xí)1.Sheisoneofthemostinfluential(influence)figuresinlocalpolitics.2.Lilyhasagreatmusical(music)gift；shepromisestobeasuccessfulsinger.3.Hisworksareusuallyamixture(mix)ofChinesetraditionwithwesternstyle.4.Theloss(lose)ofglaciers(冰川)thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.5.MrSmithisoneofthemostpopularlecturersinouruniversity.Hewillgiveusalectureinthelecturehalltomorrowmorning.(lecture)6.Therewasapoliceofficerdirectingthetraffic，sothelostdirectorcameuptohimtoaskhowtogettothelocaltheatre.Thepolicemanshowedhimthedirectionandheleft.(direct)7.Asacomposer，hehascomposedagreatdealofmusic.(compose)8.Thelittleboyshowedhisgreattalentsforpainting.Weallbelievedhewouldbecomeatalentedartist.(talent)Ⅲ.選詞填空haveatalentfor，aswellas，splitup，godeaf，ifso，o，makeanoteof，beimpressedwith1.Atpresent，peoplearechangingfarmlandintowastelandastheyhavecutsomanyforests.2.Thereweresomanypeopleintheroomthattheyhadtobesplit_upintoseveralgroups.3.Wewereallstronglyimpressed_withwhatourteacherhadsaidatthegraduationceremony.4.Weshouldmake_a_note_ofwhatourteachersaysinclass.5.John,as_well_ashiswifeandchildren，isgoingtovisitChinanextweek.6.Unfortunately，hewent_deafattheageof5becauseofanillness.7.Inaword，shoppingonlinecanbalancetheirtime，feelingsandwork.If_so,_onlineshoppingwillreplaceshoppinginstoresinthelongrun.8.Sallyhas_a_talent_for_creatingatmosphereforherstudentsthatallowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.Ⅳ.完成句子1.Having_worked_for_two_days，Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.工作了兩天，史蒂夫設(shè)法如期完成了他的報(bào)告。2.Bythetimewearrivedatthecinema，thefilmhad_already_started/begun.我們到達(dá)電影院時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)開始了。3.As_the_story_develops，thetruthaboutthestrangefigureisslowlydiscovered.隨著故事的發(fā)展，關(guān)于這個(gè)神秘人物的真實(shí)情況被慢慢揭開了。4.It_is_years_of_hard_work_thathasmadehimsuccessfultoday.正是多年艱苦的工作才造就了他今天的成功。核心要點(diǎn)突破1.influencevt.影響；感化n.影響(力)；勢力(1)influencesbtodosth影響某人去做某事haveaninfluenceon/upon對……有影響undertheinfluenceof...在……的影響下(2)influentialadj.有影響力的beinfluentialin(doing)sth對(做)某事頗有影響單句語法填空①Hebeginswritingpoetryundertheinfluenceofhisfriend，RobertFrost.②Inreality，differentstudentshavedifferentlearninghabits，whichIthinkareinfluential(influence)intheirlearningefficiencygreatly.[佳句背誦]Interestingly，thesameratingmayhavedifferentinfluencesondifferentconsumers.(2018·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))有趣的是，同樣的排名對不同的消費(fèi)者影響不同。2.losevt.失去；丟失；迷路；輸?shù)簦皇钩聊缬?；專心致志于?鐘表)慢(1)loseface/heart/weight丟面子/灰心/減肥loseone’sjob/balance/sight/temper失業(yè)/失衡/失明/發(fā)脾氣loseoneselfinsth/belostin...專心致志于某事(be)lostinthought/loseoneselfinthought陷入沉思(2)lostadj.失去的；丟失的；迷路的lossn.失去；喪失ataloss困惑；不知所措單句語法填空/句式升級(jí)①I’mataloss(lose)aboutwhatIcandotohelpthem.②Hewaslostinhisbooksanddidnotnoticemycoming.→Lost_inhisbooks，hedidnotnoticemycoming.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)→Losing_himself_inhisbooks，hedidnotnoticemycoming.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)[佳句背誦]Lookingback，IfeelIwouldn’tbeabletorideabikehadIlostheart.(福建高考書面表達(dá))回首往事，我覺得如果我灰心我就不會(huì)騎自行車了。3.mixv.使混合；使結(jié)合；相融合(1)mix...with/and...把……和……混合mixwithsb與某人交往mixup混合，摻和；混淆(2)mixedadj.混合的mixturen.混合；混合物單句語法填空①Withmixed(mix)feelingsonmind，shedoesn’tknowwhattodonext.②Thecityisamixture(mix)ofoldandnewbuildings.[佳句背誦]Dashan，whohasbeenlearningcrosstalk，theChinesecomedictradition，fordecades，wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand－uptradition.大山學(xué)習(xí)相聲——中國的傳統(tǒng)喜劇形式——數(shù)十年了，他想把中國相聲與西方的單口相聲融合起來。4.godeaf變聾goblind/mad/bad變瞎/變瘋/變壞，變質(zhì)gowrong/wild/blank/silent出毛病/變瘋狂/變茫然/一言不發(fā)gopale/red變得蒼白/發(fā)紅gohungry挨餓完成句子①M(fèi)eatsoongoes_badinhotweatherifitisn’tputinthefridge.天熱時(shí)，如果不把肉放在冰箱里，就容易變質(zhì)。②Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentonherwayhome，hermotherwent_pale.當(dāng)聽到她在回家的路上發(fā)生車禍的消息時(shí)，她母親臉色蒼白。[佳句背誦]Peoplewhoworkandliveinnoisyconditionsgodeafeasily.工作和居住在嘈雜環(huán)境中的人容易變聾。[名師指津]go常指由好變壞，由正常情況變?yōu)樘厥馇闆r，常接表示貶義的形容詞。5.makeanoteof記錄(1)make/takeanote/notes(of...)記下，記錄(……)takenoteof注意到comparenotes(withsb)(與某人)交換意見(2)benotedfor因……而聞名benotedas作為……而著稱單句語法填空①Hisparentstook(take)noteofhertalentsandhelpedhertobeasinger.②Thesetwoscientistsoftencomparenoteswitheachotherontheirresearchprojects.[佳句背誦]You’dbettermakeanoteofthekeypointsinclassinordertogooverthemafterclass.你最好在課堂上記下要點(diǎn)以便課后復(fù)習(xí)。6.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型However，itwasHaydnwhoencouragedBeethoventomovetoVienna.(教材原句)然而，正是海頓鼓勵(lì)貝多芬移居維也納的。(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本句型：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句：Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句：疑問詞(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？(4)not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...①ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousethatwesawLilyinthepassengerseat.(2018·天津高考)直到汽車停在我們的房子前時(shí)我們才看見莉莉坐在乘客座上。②WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolthatMrSmithgotangry?③Ididn’trealizethatshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.→It_was_not_until_she_took_off_her_dark_glasses_that_I_realized_that_she_was_a_famous_film_star.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)→Not_until_she_took_off_her_dark_glasses_did_I_realize_that_she_was_a_famous_film_star.(倒裝句)7.bythetime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句Bythetimehewas14，Mozarthadcomposedmanypiecesfortheharpsichord，pianoandviolin，aswellasfororchestras.(教材原句)莫扎特到十四歲的時(shí)候，不僅已經(jīng)譜寫了很多管弦樂曲，還譜寫了許多撥弦鍵琴曲、鋼琴曲和小提琴曲。(1)bythetime＋從句(一般過去時(shí))，主句時(shí)態(tài)為過去完成時(shí)。(2)bythetime＋從句(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))，主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來時(shí)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)。(3)bytheendof＋過去時(shí)間，句子時(shí)態(tài)為過去完成時(shí)。(4)bytheendof＋將來時(shí)間，句子時(shí)態(tài)為將來完成時(shí)。①Bythetimewearrivedatthestation，thetrainhadleft.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)離開了。②Bytheendofnextmonth，thebuildingwill_have_been_completed(complete).③Nextyearhewillbe18andhewillgraduatefromZhejiangUniversity.(用bythetime改寫)→By_the_time_he_is_18，he_will_have_graduated_from_Zhejiang_University.考綱詞匯專練Ⅰ.多義詞專練——寫出下列句中record的含義vt.錄音；記錄n.紀(jì)錄；唱片；檔案；履歷；經(jīng)歷1.Herecordedeverythingthathadhappenedduringhistravel.記錄2.Whenyoumakearecord，it’sdifferentfromaconcert，becauseyouleavesomethingthere.唱片3.AftertheyhadrecordedLetItBe，thebandsplitup.錄音Ⅱ.微閱讀——寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義1.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)復(fù)雜的2.Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld－famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington，D.C.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)旅游3.Gershwinagreedtocomposesomethingfortheconcertbeforeherealizedhehadjustafewweekstodoit.(山東高考)作曲Ⅲ.微完形——根據(jù)語境選出合適的詞語1.(廣東高考改編)Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecomeboredand_①_interestinlearning.However，thisconcernismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents，andsomeoftheseadultssimplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare_②_.Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass，butwhytheyfeelsogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.Studieshaveshownthattobeboredistobeanxious.Thegiftedchildwhoisboredisananxiouschild.①A.show B.loseC.keep D.mix②A.talented B.worriedC.learned D.interested答案①B②A2.Jane_①_whenshewasonlytwoyearsold.Andbythetimeshewasfive，shehadbeenbeinthesilentworldforthreeyears.ButshehadatalentfordancingandcouldmakeanoteofeverystepandmovementtheTVshowed.Herparentshad_②_feelingsofjoyandsorrowanddeterminedtosendhertoadanceschool.①A.wentwrong B.wentmadC.wentblind D.wentdeaf②A.mixed B.complexC.catchy D.influential答案①D②AⅠ.在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或所給單詞的正確形式——熱考常考1.Heislikelytobeoneofthemostinfluential(influence)figuresinthearea.2.Thoseadultsspentfourweekstouring(tour)aroundEurope.3.Thephonewasringingbutbythetimeshegotindoors，ithad_stopped(stop).4.Itisanexperiencethatthetalented(talent)manwilltreasureforthe_restofhislife.5.Iwas_impressed(impress)withthecastle，whichbelongedtotheoldcouple.6.Keeparecordofthemistakesyoumade—itwillhelpyouavoidmakingthesameoneslater.7.Shecouldn’tbearthethoughtofchildrengoinghungry(hunger)soshehurriedhometopreparelunch.8.Itwasnotuntilhegotseriouslyillthatheknewtheimportanceofhealth.9.Having_been_explained_(explain)manytimes，theproblemwasstilldifficulttounderstand.10.Influenced_(influence)bythegrowinginterestinnature，moreandmorepeopleenjoyoutdoorsports.Ⅱ.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空——不規(guī)則變化1.Lost(lose)inthought，hedidn’tnoticehehadalreadypassedbyhishome.2.Steve’sparentssplit(split)upwhenhewasfiveyearsold.3.Thecomposerwent(go)completelydeafinaterribleaccidentseveralyearsago.4.Don’tworry.Ihave_made(make)anoteofwhatneedstoberepaired.Ⅲ.根據(jù)語境選出加黑詞的正確含義——熟詞生義A.ismadeupofB.consistsinC.calmdown1.Hefeltheneededaplacewherehecouldcomposehimself.C2.Thebandiscomposedofmanymusiciansandsingers.AⅠ.閱讀理解AInthestoryofTheCrowandthePitcherfromAesop’sFables,athirstycrow(烏鴉)dropsstonesintoanarrowjartoraisethelowlevelofwaterinsidesohecantakeadrink.Nowscientistshaveevidencetobackupthatstory.Crowsactuallydounderstandhowtomakewaterdisplacement(排水量)worktotheiradvantage,experimentsshow.Theresultssuggestthatthebirdsare,atleastinsomeaspects,assmartasfirst－graders.Researchers,ledbySarahJelbertattheUniversityofCambridge,presentedsixcrowswithtubescontainingwater.Insidethetubes,awormorapieceofmeatonapieceofwoodwasfloating,justoutofreachofthecrow.Infrontofthetubes，theresearchersarrangedseveralrubbererasersthatwouldsink，andsomeplasticobjectsthatwouldfloat.Thecrowsfoundoutthattheycoulddroptheerasersintothetubesinordertoraisethewaterlevelandgettheirsnack.However,the__birds__handled__awkwardlyinexperimentsinwhichtheycouldchoosetodropobjectsineitherawidetubeoranarrowonetogetasnack,theresearcherssaid.Droppingobjectsintoanarrowtubewouldliftthewaterlevelbyagreateramountandputthetreatwithinreachafterjusttwodrops;whileittookaroundsevendropstoraisethesnacktothesamelevelinthewidetube.Thecrowsobviouslydidn’trealizethis,andmostofthemwentforthewidetubefirst.Previousstudiesshowedthatchimpsandhumanchildrencansolvesimilartasks.Ina2011study,chimpsandkidsfoundoutthattheycouldputwaterintoatubetoreachapeanutthatwasfloatinginasmallamountofwateratthebottom.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了科學(xué)家通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對烏鴉智商的研究。1．HowdidthecrowsgetthesnackinSarah’sexperiment?A．Bybreakingthetube.B．Bydroppinginerasers.C．Bystandingonthewood.D．Byremovingthewood.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thecrowsfoundout...gettheirsnack”可知，烏鴉能夠把橡皮擦扔到管里，使水位升高，然后吃到零食。所以選B項(xiàng)。]2．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thebirdshandledawkwardly”inParagraph4?A．Theywereunabletotelldifferentshapes.B．Theydroppedobjectsonlyintonarrowtubes.C．Theywerenotawareofthesnackatfirstsight.D．Theymostlyavoidedtheeasierwaytogetthesnack.答案D[推理判斷題。從第四段可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)中的烏鴉在面對粗細(xì)不同的管子時(shí)，雖然只需往細(xì)管里投兩次物體就可以夠到零食，而需往粗管里投大約七次物體才能夠到零食，但是烏鴉往往先去粗管那邊，而沒有選擇更容易獲得零食的細(xì)管。由此可推知，畫線部分是說它們通常沒有選擇更容易的方式以得到零食。]3．Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A．StoriesofAesop’sFables.B．Thedevelopmentofcrows.C．Crows’intelligence.D．Human－animalcommunication.答案C[主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Theresultssuggest...assmartasfirst－graders”以及下文中的實(shí)驗(yàn)可知，整篇文章都是圍繞烏鴉的智商問題來展開的。]BTheLeaningTowerofPisa(比薩斜塔)hasneverstoodstraight.Thebuilding’sleanhaspuzzledengineersforhundredsofyears.EngineersbeganbuildingthebelltowerinItalyin1173.Ittookmorethan200yearstofinish.Itwasbuiltonunexpectedlysoftgroundandthetowerbegantoleanbeforeitwasdone.Themistakehasmadethebuildingoneoftheworld’sstrangesights.Howcansomethingsounstablelastforhundredsofyears?Thetowerhassurvivedtwoworldwars,millionsofvisitors,andfourstrongearthquakes.EngineeringProfessorGeorgeMylonakiswantedtoknowwhy.Hestudiedthegroundbeneaththebuildingandlookedathowsoilaffectsthebuildingandhowwellitstandsup.Mylonakisandotherengineerscameupwithanansweraboutthetower.Theanswerhastodowiththesoftgroundunderthetower.Theengineersfoundotherimportantreasons,too.Thetowerisverytallandismadeofstonethatmakesitstiff.Itsheightandfirmnesscombinedwiththesoftnessofthefoundationsoilcausethevibrational(振動(dòng)的)characteristicsofthestructuretobeimprovedconsiderablyinsuchawaythatthetowerdoesnotresonate(共振)withearthquakegroundmotion.Soduringanearthquake,thetowerdoesnotshakeasmuchastheearthunderit.Still,Mylonakissaidthetowerhadalmostfallensinceitcontinuedtoleanmoreasthesoftgroundsettledunderit.Intheearly1990s,itwasinrealdangeroffallingandtheItaliangovernmentclosedthetowertovisitorsandstartedtosaveit.Crewsgraduallybegantotakeoutsmallamountsofsoilfromthehighnorthside.Withlesssoilunderit,thatsideofthetowersankslightly.Engineersalsofixedequipmentthatallowsthemtomakeadjustmentstothewaterpressurebeneaththetower,furthercontrollinghowmuchthetowerleans.Thebuildingstillleans.Itjustleansabitlessthanbefore.Mostimportantly,thetowerisnolongerindanger.JohnBurlandworkedontheprojecttosavethetower.Hesaiditishighlyunlikelythatthesoftgroundunderthetowerwillcauseittofallandonlyaverylargeearthquakewouldknockdownthetower.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。工程學(xué)教授GeorgeMylonakis通過研究探索了意大利比薩斜塔屹立不倒的可能原因。4．WhydidGeorgeMylonakisstudytheLeaningTowerofPisa?A．Tofindoutwhyitleans.B.Toexplorewhyitstillstands.C．Tocallonpeopletosaveit.D．Toresearchthesoftgroundunderit.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thetowerhassurvivedtwoworldwars...wantedtoknowwhy”可知，GeorgeMylonakis開展研究是想弄明白比薩斜塔為什么能歷經(jīng)歲月洗禮仍能屹立不倒，故選B。]5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stiff”inParagraph3referto?A．Shaky. B．Sinking.C．Solid. D．Splendid.答案C[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“Thetowerisverytallandismadeofstone”和其后的“Itsheightandfirmness”可推知，tall對應(yīng)height，madeofstone對應(yīng)firmness，故此處表示比薩斜塔由石頭筑成，這些石頭使得它很堅(jiān)固。故畫線詞與solid“堅(jiān)固的，牢固的”意思最為接近。]6．Whatmeasurewastakentosavethetowerintheearly1990s?A．Limitthenumberofvisitors.B．Removesoilfromtwosides.C．Monitortheamountofsoilwater.D．Makethetowerlowerinthenorth.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Crewsgraduallybegantotake...sankslightly”可知，工作人員逐漸從斜塔較高的北邊的下方挖出少量土壤，下方的土壤減少后，斜塔的北邊便會(huì)微微下沉，故斜塔的北邊會(huì)低一點(diǎn)。]7．WhatdoJohnBurland’swordssuggestinthelastparagraph?A．Thetowerissafeinmostcases.B．Thetowerstillleansindanger.C．Thetowermayfallduetothesoftground.D．Thetowerwillstandeveniflargeearthquakeshit.答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hesaiditishighlyunlikelythat...knockdownthetower”可知，JohnBurland認(rèn)為比薩斜塔塔下的松軟土壤導(dǎo)致它坍塌的可能性很小，只有發(fā)生非常嚴(yán)重的地震它才可能坍塌，故選A。]CTheAmazonbasinregionishometoabout2.5millioninsectspecies，tensofthousandsofplants，andsome2，000birdsandmammals.Todate，atleast40，000plantspecies，3，000fish，1，294birds，427mammals，428amphibians，and378reptileshavebeenscientificallyclassifiedintheregion.OneinfiveofallthebirdsintheworldliveintherainforestsoftheAmazon.Thewarmwetforestshavebeeninexistencefor55millionyears，andthrivedevenduringglacialperiods，allowingfortheevolutionofanunbelievablediversityofspecies.Radiocarbondating(放射性碳年代測定)hasrevealedtreesof10centimeterdiametertobemorethan300yearsold，andsometreesover1，000yearsold，indicatingthatuntouchedforestscanexperienceunbelievablelongevity.ThefirsthumaninhabitantsarethoughttohavesettledintheAmazonregionabout11，200yearsago.Europeanexplorersarrivedinthe16thcentury，bringingdiseaseswhichtraveledfasterthantheexplorersthemselves，killingperhapsasmanyas90%oftheindigenousinhabitants(土著居民)．Bythelate17thcenturytheAmazonbasinwascontrolledbyPortugueseandSpanishexplorers.TheAmazonrainforesthasbeendescribedasthelungsofourplanetbecauseofitsimportantroleinrecyclingcarbondioxideintooxygen.Butduetodeforestation(采伐森林)，rainforestsnowcoverlessthan5%oftheEarth’slandsurface，andexpertsbelievethatthisisabigcontributortoglobalclimatechange.Severedeforestationbeganinthe20thcentury，with587，000squarekilometerslostuptotheyear2000.Mostdeforestedlandisusedforgrasslandtoraisefarmanimalsandagriculture.Theadditionoftransportrouteshasledtoincreasedsettlementanddeforestation，andatthepresentrate，scientistsestimatethattheAmazonrainforestwillbereducedby40%intwodecades.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了亞馬遜河流域生物的多樣性，以及亞馬遜雨林出現(xiàn)的問題。8．WhyarethefiguresmentionedinParagraph1?A．Toprovetheforestuntouched.B．Toclassifyspeciesscientifically.C．Toshowthediversityofspecies.D．ToattractmoreattentiontoAmazon.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段通過列舉物種種類的數(shù)字，說明了物種的多樣性。故選C。]9．WhydidmostindigenousinhabitantsintheAmazonregiondie?A．Europeanexplorersbroughtdiseasesthere.B．Portugueseexplorerstreatedthembadly.C．Alotoftreeswerecutdownandburned.D．TheygotkilledbySpanishexplorers.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Europeanexplorersarrived...theindigenousinhabitants.”可知，大多數(shù)土著居民死亡的原因是歐洲探險(xiǎn)家給這里帶來了疾病。故選A。]10．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheAmazonrainforest?A．Ithasthelargestnumberofspecies.B．Itcoversover5%ofSouthAmerica.C．Itisbecominglarge