鹽城市大豐中學(xué)、鹽城一中等六校2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

第22頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年度高一年級(jí)第一學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題滿分：150分時(shí)間：120分鐘本試卷由四部分組成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題;第三部分的第二、三、四、五小節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdidthemangotothevillage?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Bybike.2.Whatwasthemandoinglastnight?A.Hewasmakingacall.B.Hewasdoinghiswork.C.Hewasrepairinghiscomputer.3.Whywasthewomanwaitingforherroommate?A.Toreturnkeys.B.Togetintoherroom.C.Toborrowtextbooks.4.Wheredothespeakersagreetogo?A.Toatheater.B.Toamuseum.C.Toabeach.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Itishardtogettickets.B.Itischeapertobuyticketsonline.C.Itisnecessarytobuytheticketsatthedoor.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomanmostlikelytobe?A.Alibrarian.B.Asalesperson.C.Ateacher.7.Whatwillthemando?A.Gotothecitycenter.B.Checkthecomputeragain.C.Waitforthewoman’scall.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Fellowworkers.C.Brotherandsister.9.Whatisthemandrinking?A.Milk.B.Tea.C.Coffee.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whocouldthemanmostprobablybe?A.Asalesperson.B.Amarketingdirector.C.Acomputerrepairman.11.Whatwillhappentomorrow?A.Therewillbeameeting.B.Anewcomputerwillbebought.C.Somecustomerswillvisitthecompany.12.Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A.Givealecture.B.Attendameeting.C.Gotothesalesdepartment.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wherewillthewomangothisweekendiftheweatherisbad?A.Tothebeach.B.Toastore.C.Toalibrary.14.Whatwillthemandoifhefinisheshisreport?A.Seesomevideos.B.Workoutatthegym.C.Practicetheguitar.15.Whatwouldthewomandoifshehadlotsofmoney?A.BuyahugeTV.B.Liveonanisland.C.Openavideostore.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheirwishes?A.Realistic.B.Nice.C.Impractical.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whathadpeopletoldthespeakertodo?A.Eatsomethingbeforerunning.B.Gorunninginthepark.C.Watchoutforthieves.18.Whydidthespeakertaketheyoungmanbythearm?A.Tohelphimstandup.B.Togethismoneyback.C.Todemandanapology.19.Howdidtheyoungmanfeel?A.Angry.B.Surprised.C.Frightened.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisfunnyexperience.B.Hisbravebehavior.C.Hisfitnessplan.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AItisn’tnecessarytoknoweverythingbeforeheadingoutintothewilderness,butstudyingaqualityfirst-aidguidebookandfamiliarizingyourselfwiththenecessaryskillscanbeenoughtosavesomeone’slife.WildernessMedicine:BeyondFirstAidbyWilliamW.ForgeyThisbookdoesagreatjobofbreakingdownhowtoexamine,judge,andstabilizeyourpatientorsituation,managetheperson’sphysicalsymptoms(癥狀),andknowwhatquestionstoask.Itcoversawiderrangeofpossibleinjuriesandtreatmentoptionsthansomeotherwildernessfirst-aidbooks.Thisbookcosts$12.79andiseasytoreadandunderstand.Mountaineering:TheFreedomoftheHillsbyTheMountaineersInits9thedition,thebook,whichcosts$21.99,hasbecomeagoldstandardforanyoneplanningtospendsignificanttimeinthebackcountry.Writtenbyclimbersforclimbers,thisbookhaseverythingyouneedtoknowtostaysafer,frombasicfirstaidtostayingsafeinavalancheterrain(雪崩地形),andlearninghowtomoveforwardwithoutnetworking.Mountaineering:EssentialSkillsforHikersandClimbersbyAlunRichardsonThebook,whichcosts$13.59,notonlycontainsinformationaboutwildernessfirstaidbutalsoattemptstoteachyousafetyandsurvivalskillsfromhikingbasicstowinteradventures.Thisbookstandsoutbecauseofitsdetailedvisualdiagramsthatillustratetherightandwrongwaystoachievedifferenttechniques.MedicineforMountaineering&OtherWildernessActivitiesbyJamesWilkersonThebook,whichcosts$32.95,isagreatadditiontoyourcollectionifyou’vealreadyreadsomeoftheotherwildernessfirst-aidbooks,andmaybeeventakenacoursealreadybutarestillwantingtolearnmore.Manydoctorsandnurseslikethisbookbecausetheypracticebasicmedicaldiagnosis(診斷)regularly.1.WhatdoesWilliamW.Forgeyintroduceindetailinhisbook?A.Thewaysofcomfortinginjuredclimbers.B.Thestepstodetermineamedicalproblem.CTheadviceonkeepingawayfrompotentialdangers.D.Visualdiagramsshowingtreatmentoptions.2.Howmuchisthebookbasedonthereal-lifeclimbingexperiences?A.$21.99. B.$13.59. C.$12.79. D.$32.95.3.Whichbookespeciallysuitsclimberswithabackgroundinmedicine?A.WildernessMedicine:BeyondFirstAid.B.Mountaineering:TheFreedomoftheHills.C.Mountaineering:EssentialSkillsforHikersandClimbers.D.MedicineforMountaineering&OtherWildernessActivities.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了幾本高質(zhì)量的急救指南書(shū)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章WildernessMedicine:BeyondFirstAidbyWilliamW.Forgey部分的“Thisbookdoesagreatjobofbreakingdownhowtoexamine,judge,andstabilizeyourpatientorsituation,managetheperson’sphysicalsymptoms(癥狀),andknowwhatquestionstoask.Itcoversawiderrangeofpossibleinjuriesandtreatmentoptionsthansomeotherwildernessfirst-aidbooks.Thisbookcosts$12.79andiseasytoreadandunderstand.(這本書(shū)做了一個(gè)偉大的工作，打破如何檢查，判斷和穩(wěn)定你的病人或情況，管理人的身體癥狀，并知道什么問(wèn)題要問(wèn)。它涵蓋了比其他一些野外急救書(shū)籍更廣泛的可能的傷害和治療方案。)”可知WilliamW.Forgey在他的書(shū)中詳細(xì)介紹了一些預(yù)防可能的傷害和治療方案，即一些遠(yuǎn)離潛在危險(xiǎn)的建議。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Mountaineering:TheFreedomoftheHillsbyTheMountaineers部分“Inits9thedition,thebook,whichcosts$21.99,hasbecomeagoldstandardforanyoneplanningtospendsignificanttimeinthebackcountry.Writtenbyclimbersforclimbers,thisbookhaseverythingyouneedtoknowtostaysafer,frombasicfirstaidtostayingsafeinavalancheterrain(雪崩地形),andlearninghowtomoveforwardwithoutnetworking.(這本書(shū)的第九版售價(jià)21.99美元，已經(jīng)成為任何計(jì)劃在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)度過(guò)大量時(shí)間的人的黃金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這本書(shū)是登山者為登山者寫(xiě)的，書(shū)中有你需要知道的一切讓你更安全的知識(shí)，從基本的急救到在雪崩地帶保持安全，以及學(xué)習(xí)如何在沒(méi)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的情況下繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。)”可知Mountaineering:TheFreedomoftheHillsbyTheMountaineers是登山者依據(jù)個(gè)人的真實(shí)經(jīng)歷寫(xiě)的，其價(jià)格是21.99美元。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章MedicineforMountaineering&OtherWildernessActivitiesbyJamesWilkerson部分“Thebook,whichcosts$32.95,isagreatadditiontoyourcollectionifyou’vealreadyreadsomeoftheotherwildernessfirst-aidbooks,andmaybeeventakenacoursealreadybutarestillwantingtolearnmore.Manydoctorsandnurseslikethisbookbecausetheypracticebasicmedicaldiagnosis(診斷)regularly.(這本書(shū)售價(jià)32.95美元，如果你已經(jīng)讀過(guò)一些其他的荒野急救書(shū)籍，甚至可能已經(jīng)上過(guò)一門(mén)課程，但仍想學(xué)習(xí)更多，那么這本書(shū)是你收藏的一個(gè)很好的補(bǔ)充。許多醫(yī)生和護(hù)士喜歡這本書(shū)，因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)常練習(xí)基本的醫(yī)學(xué)診斷。)”可知MedicineforMountaineering&OtherWildernessActivitiesbyJamesWilkerson這本書(shū)對(duì)于有醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)的登山者來(lái)說(shuō)非常適合。故選D項(xiàng)。BWhatimpressesyoumostwhenyouthinkbacktoyouryearsatuniversity?Forme,itismyfirstGreekphilosophyclassfromDr.DegenaaratStellenboschUniversity.Dr.DegenaarcameintothelectureroomonthefirstFridaymorningofthetermandaskedustowritedownourowndefinitionofthe“soul”.Herewasthe“teacher”askinguswhatwethought—itwasanalmostliterallymind-blowingexperience.Hewasnottellinguswhathethoughtbutaskingushowwesawsomething.Thefollowingdiscussionwasinteresting.Thatwasmyfirstexperienceofreallearninginaclassroom.Almost50yearshavepassedsincethatexperience.Oftheotherlecturerswho“taught”meduringthatyear.Irememberthey“taught”methehistoryofGreekphilosophy,butIrememberlittleofthathistoryandabsolutelynothingofthoselecturers.AndmostofwhatIrememberaboutGreekphilosophyiswhatIlearnedinDr.Degenaar’sclass,formyowninterest.ItookfurthercourseswithDr.Degenaarinthefollowingyears.Likethefirstclass,therewaslittle“l(fā)ecturing”atus,butfarmoreinvolvementofusallinaprocessofmutual(共同的)discoveryinwhichwelearnedalotabouteachotherandtheimportantissuesoftheday.Theexcitementofdiscoverystayswithme.Thenittookmealmostanother20yearstogetadeeperunderstandingofwhathadhappenedinthatlecturehall:experientiallearning.Traditionally,learnershavebeenseenas“emptycontainers”waitingtobe“filled”withlearninggiventhembytheteacher.Thelearneris,therefore,dependentontheteacherforwhattothinkandhowtothink.Compliance(遵從)isrewardedandsoindependentandoriginalthinkingisnotdeveloped.Incontrast,inexperientiallearning,thelearnerisencouragedtothinkforhimself/herselfnottorepeatthethoughtpatternsoftheteacher.Thelearninghappensnotbecauseofwhata“teacher”or“l(fā)ecturer”saysbutbecauseofwhatthelearnerdoes.Inthissense,Ithinkthisisthebestwaytolearnandeveryoneshouldtryitandlearnfromit.4.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofhisfirstGreekphilosophyclass?A.Boring. B.Amazing.C.Confusing. D.Challenging.5.WhydoestheauthorcompareDr.Degenaarandtheotherlecturers?A.ToproveDr.Degenaar’sdevotiontohiscareer.B.TostressDr.Degenaar’sgreatinfluenceonhim.C.TopointoutDr.Degenaar’spopularityamongstudents.D.Toshowtheauthor’sdeepinterestinGreekphilosophy.6.Howdoesexperientiallearningdifferfromtraditionallearning?A.Itcombinestheorywithpractice. B.Ithasnolimitonlearningplaces.C.Itencouragesindependentthinking. D.Itfocusesmoreontheresultoflearning.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroducehisrespectedteachers.B.Tosharehisfavoriteuniversitylesson.C.Toexplainthefactorsofexperientiallearning.D.Torecommendaneffectivelearningapproach.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇議論文。作者通過(guò)比較大學(xué)時(shí)代的教授希臘哲學(xué)課的Degenaar博士的體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)法和其他講師使用的“視學(xué)生為容器”的傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)法，指出：體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)法鼓勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)者思考，是最好的學(xué)習(xí)方式。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Dr.DegenaarcameintothelectureroomonthefirstFridaymorningofthetermandaskedustowritedownourowndefinitionofthe‘soul’.Herewasthe‘teacher’askinguswhatwethought—itwasanalmostliterallymind-blowingexperience.Hewasnottellinguswhathethoughtbutaskingushowwesawsomething.Thefollowingdiscussionwasinteresting.Thatwasmyfirstexperienceofreallearninginaclassroom.(Degenaar博士在本學(xué)期的第一個(gè)周五早上來(lái)到講堂，讓我們寫(xiě)下自己對(duì)‘靈魂’的定義。這是‘老師’問(wèn)我們的想法——這幾乎是一次令人興奮的經(jīng)歷。他不是在告訴我們他是怎么想的，而是在問(wèn)我們是怎么看的。接下來(lái)的討論很有趣。那是我第一次在課堂上真正的學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為他的第一堂希臘哲學(xué)課令人興奮，很有趣，是作者第一次在課堂上真正的學(xué)習(xí)，這是一堂令作者驚奇的課。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whatimpressesyoumostwhenyouthinkbacktoyouryearsatuniversity?Forme,itismyfirstGreekphilosophyclassfromDr.DegenaaratStellenboschUniversity.(當(dāng)你回想起你的大學(xué)歲月時(shí)，什么給你印象最深？對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，這是我在斯泰倫博斯大學(xué)上的第一堂德格納爾博士的希臘哲學(xué)課。)”，以及第三段“Almost50yearshavepassedsincethatexperience.Oftheotherlecturerswho‘taught’meduringthatyear.Irememberthey‘taught’methehistoryofGreekphilosophy,butIrememberlittleofthathistoryandabsolutelynothingofthoselecturers.AndmostofwhatIrememberaboutGreekphilosophyiswhatIlearnedinDr.Degenaar’sclass,formyowninterest.(那次經(jīng)歷已經(jīng)過(guò)去近50年了。那一年里教過(guò)我的其他講師。我記得他們‘教’我希臘哲學(xué)史，但我對(duì)那段歷史記得很少，對(duì)那些講師更是一無(wú)所知。我對(duì)希臘哲學(xué)的大部分記憶都是我在Degenaar博士的課上學(xué)到的，出于我自己的興趣。)”可知，通過(guò)比較Degenaar博士和其他講師的課，作者只對(duì)Degenaar博士的課記憶深刻，強(qiáng)調(diào)了Degenaar博士對(duì)他的巨大影響。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Incontrast,inexperientiallearning,thelearnerisencouragedtothinkforhimself/herselfnottorepeatthethoughtpatternsoftheteacher.(相反，在體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)中，學(xué)習(xí)者被鼓勵(lì)獨(dú)立思考，而不是重復(fù)老師的思維模式。)”可知，體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)不同于傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)，這個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)方式鼓勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)者獨(dú)立思考，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Incontrast,inexperientiallearning,thelearnerisencouragedtothinkforhimself/herselfnottorepeatthethoughtpatternsoftheteacher.Thelearninghappensnotbecauseofwhata‘teacher’or‘lecturer’saysbutbecauseofwhatthelearnerdoes.Inthissense,Ithinkthisisthebestwaytolearnandeveryoneshouldtryitandlearnfromit.(相反，在體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)中，學(xué)習(xí)者被鼓勵(lì)獨(dú)立思考，而不是重復(fù)老師的思維模式。學(xué)習(xí)的發(fā)生不是因?yàn)椤蠋煛颉v師’說(shuō)了什么，而是因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)者做了什么。從這個(gè)意義上說(shuō)，我認(rèn)為這是最好的學(xué)習(xí)方式，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該嘗試并從中學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，作者通過(guò)比較Degenaar博士的體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)法和其他講師使用的傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)法，指出：體驗(yàn)式學(xué)習(xí)法鼓勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)者思考，是最好的學(xué)習(xí)方式，所以作者的寫(xiě)作目的是推薦一種有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法。故選D項(xiàng)。CSportsplayakeyroleinthephysicalandmentaldevelopmentofchildren.Althoughit’sgreattoseeachildsucceedinonesport,it’simportanttokeeptheiractivitiesinbalance.Participationinmultiplesportsenableschildrentoacquireaknowledgeofmanymovementskills.Inadditiontothis,herearesomeothergoodreasonswhykidsshouldbeencouragedtoplayseveralsortsofsports.Repetitivemovementscanoverstressgrowingbodieswhichlateroncanleadtoinjuries.Withmulti-sports,eachsportworksthebodyslightlydifferently.Thiswillleadtofeweroveruseinjuries.Also,kidswhooverspecializeinonesportmayenduplosinginterestandeventuallygiveup.Specializinginasportraisesexpectationsandmayputtoomuchpressureonyoungkids.Havingavarietyofexperienceswillkeepchildreninterestedandmotivated,andevenmakethemenjoysportswithoutanypressure.Multi-sportsalsoallowkidstoexperiencedifferentroles.Beingagoalkeeperinafootballteamisverydifferentfrombeingapointguardinbasketball.Beingexposedtobaseballdevelopsbetterhand-eyecoordination(協(xié)調(diào)).Soccerdevelopsbetterfootwork(步法).Volleyballdevelopsjumpingandhand-eyecoordination.Martialartsdevelopstrength,mobility,anddiscipline.Swimmingdevelopsfull-bodycoordinationandstrength.Thelistgoesonandon!Participationinmultiplesportsbroadensachild’sdevelopmentalsocial,andsituationalexperience.Itopensupopportunitiestobecomeabettercompetitorandapromisingathlete—flexibleandenergetic.ManysportssuperstarslikeStephenCurryachievedtheirstandingtodaybyplayingmultiplesports.Curryplayedbasketballbuthealsoplayedbaseball,football,soccer,andeverythingelseinasportsbuffet.WhatworkedforCurry,expertssay,couldworkformostofus.Besidesdevelopingawiderangeofsportsskills,moreimportantly,multi-sportsprovideopportunitiesforchildrentodiscovertheirliking.Withthehelpoftherightcoaches,sportsbecomefun,inspiringkids’interests.Soifyoucan’tdecidewhetheryourchildshouldfocusononesportortrysomedifferentsports,Ihopeyoucanmakeabetterdecisionnow.8.Whatwillhappentokidsiftheydoonesportrepeatedly?A.Theycanstaymorefocused.B.Theycansparemoretimetostudy.C.Theycanbeskilledatthesportearly.D.Theycanbemorelikelytogetinjured.9.What’simpliedaboutmulti-sportsinParagraph3?A.Theyinspirekids’sportingspirit.B.Theyhelpkidsdeveloptheirspecialtalents.C.Theyhavemuchhigherrequirementsforkids.D.Theyhelppromotekids’all-rounddevelopment.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Multi-sportshelpkidsfindtheirfavoritesports.B.Sportsskillsmakekidsmorepopularatschool.C.Parentsshouldlowertheirexpectationsforkids.D.Childrenshouldturntheirinterestsintoprofessions.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howsportsbenefitkids.B.Whatsportschildrenshouldtry.C.Whykidsshouldtrymulti-sports.D.Whymulti-sportsarepopulartoday.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章認(rèn)為應(yīng)該讓兒童參與多種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)檫@樣可以避免單一運(yùn)動(dòng)造成的損傷和無(wú)趣，幫助孩子培養(yǎng)多項(xiàng)身體能力并助力全面發(fā)展，并引導(dǎo)孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)自己真正的興趣所在?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Repetitivemovementscanoverstressgrowingbodieswhichlateroncanleadtoinjuries.（重復(fù)的動(dòng)作會(huì)給生長(zhǎng)中的身體造成過(guò)度壓力，隨后會(huì)導(dǎo)致受傷。）”可知，如果兒童重復(fù)進(jìn)行同樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致身體負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重，很可能會(huì)受傷。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Participationinmultiplesportsbroadensachild’sdevelopmentalsocial,andsituationalexperience.Itopensupopportunitiestobecomeabettercompetitorandapromisingathlete—flexibleandenergetic.（參與多種體育活動(dòng)可以拓寬兒童的社會(huì)發(fā)展和情境體驗(yàn)。它為成為一個(gè)更好的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者和一個(gè)有前途的運(yùn)動(dòng)員提供了機(jī)會(huì)——靈活而充滿活力。）”可知，參與多種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)讓兒童發(fā)展多種能力，有助于他們將來(lái)的發(fā)展。由此推知，多種運(yùn)動(dòng)有助于兒童的全面發(fā)展。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Besidesdevelopingawiderangeofsportsskills,moreimportantly,multi-sportsprovideopportunitiesforchildrentodiscovertheirliking.Withthehelpoftherightcoaches,sportsbecomefun,inspiringkids’interests.（除了發(fā)展廣泛的運(yùn)動(dòng)技能外，更重要的是，多種運(yùn)動(dòng)為孩子們提供了發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜好的機(jī)會(huì)。在合適教練的幫助下，運(yùn)動(dòng)變得有趣，激發(fā)孩子們的興趣。）”可知，參與多種運(yùn)動(dòng)可以激發(fā)孩子的興趣，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)自己最喜歡哪一種運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了讓兒童參與多種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處，包括避免單一運(yùn)動(dòng)造成的損傷和無(wú)趣，幫助孩子培養(yǎng)多項(xiàng)身體能力并助力全面發(fā)展，引導(dǎo)孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)自己真正的興趣所在。因此，C項(xiàng)“為什么兒童應(yīng)嘗試多種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)”符合文章大意。故選C項(xiàng)。DIntheanimalkingdom,killerwhales(虎鯨)aresocialstars:theytravelindifferentfamilygroups,careforgrandchildren,andevenimitatehumanspeech.Now,scientistsareaddingonemorebehaviortothelist:formingfastfriendships.Anewstudyshowskillerwhalescanrivalanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandmacaques(akindofmonkey),andevenhumanswhenitcomestothekindof“socialtouch”thatisasignofstrongfriendship.Someoceananimalsmaintainsocialstructures—includingmaledolphins(海豚)thatlearnthe“names”oftheirclosefriends.Butthereislittleproofaboutwildkillerwhales.That’swheredrone(無(wú)人機(jī))technologycamein.MichaelWeiss,abehavioralecologist,teamedupwithhisworkmatestolaunchdrones,flyingthem30to120metersaboveagroupofkillerwhales.Thatwashighenoughnottotroublethewhales,markingthefirsttimedroneshavebeenusedtostudyfriendlyphysicalcontactinwhales.Theresearchersrecordedover800examplesofphysicalcontactbetweenindividuals.Thoseincludedslipperyhugs,back-to-backandnose-to-nosetouchesbetweenpairsofwhales.Otherwhalesplayfullythrewyoungwhalesintotheair,lettingthemfallintothewater.Besides,thedronepicturesshowedclearpreferencesamongindividuals,usuallyforone“bestfriend”ofthesamesexandage.TakeJ49andJ51—twodistantlyrelatedyoungmalesaged9and6—forexample.“Everytimeyouseeagroupofwhales,thosetwoarerighttherecommunicatingwitheachother,”Weisssays.Theyoungledmostoftheseinteractions,ratherthantheolderfemalesormales.Oldermalesinparticularwerelessimportant.“Theyoungindividualsreallyseemtobetheglue(膠水)holdingthegroupstogether,Weisssays.Asindividualsage,thisgraduallossof“centrality”isknowninmanysocialmammals,includinghumans.Thatfindingis“especiallyappealing”tobiologicalanthropologistStaceyTecot,whodidn’tjoininthestudy.“Scientistshavelongobservedthissocialagingtrendinanimals,buttherearestillmanyunansweredquestions,”shesays.Thatcertainlyontheresearchers’radar.“We’realreadygatheringnewproofs,withmoreadvancedequipment,”saysWeiss.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rival”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Riseto. B.Beequalto.C.Benefitfrom. D.Dependon.13.WhatisnewaboutWeiss’research?A.Theresearchmethod. B.Thesizeoftheresearchteam.C.Thetargetoftheresearch. D.Thetimespentontheresearch.14.WhatdidWeissfindaboutJ49andJ51?A.Theyhavealong-lastingfriendship.B.Theircommunicationisdifficulttounderstand.C.Theircommunicatingwayschangefrequently.D.Theypreferplayingwithyoungfemalewhales.15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Moreresearcherswilltakepartinthestudy.B.Otherscientiststakeanegativeattitudetotheresearch.C.Researcherswillgetmoreproofstostudykillerwhales.D.Researcherswilluncoverthesocialagingtrendinanimalssoon.【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了行為生態(tài)學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)開(kāi)展了新的研究，發(fā)射無(wú)人機(jī)觀察虎鯨之間友好的身體接觸，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)虎鯨的社交能力中包括快速建立友誼。【12題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“Now,scientistsareaddingonemorebehaviortothelist:formingfastfriendships.Anewstudyshowskillerwhalescanrivalanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandmacaques(akindofmonkey),andevenhumanswhenitcomestothekindof“socialtouch”thatisasignofstrongfriendship.”（現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們又增加了一種行為：快速建立友誼。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，在“社交接觸”這一強(qiáng)烈友誼標(biāo)志上，虎鯨可以與黑猩猩和獼猴（一種猴子）等動(dòng)物rival，甚至可以與人類相媲美。）可知，科學(xué)家們對(duì)于虎鯨的社交能力有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們具有很強(qiáng)的建立友誼的能力，可推知這種能力甚至達(dá)到可以和黑猩猩、獼猴，甚至人類的水平。rival意為“與……相匹敵”，與beequalto意思相近。與故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butthereislittleproofaboutwildkillerwhales.That’swheredrone(無(wú)人機(jī))technologycamein.MichaelWeiss,abehavioralecologist,teamedupwithhisworkmatestolaunchdrones,flyingthem30to120metersaboveagroupofkillerwhales.”（但是關(guān)于野生虎鯨的證據(jù)很少。這就是無(wú)人機(jī)技術(shù)的用武之地。行為生態(tài)學(xué)家MichaelWeiss和他的同事們一起發(fā)射無(wú)人機(jī)，讓它們?cè)谝蝗夯ⅥL上空30到120米的地方飛行。）可知，Weiss使用了無(wú)人機(jī)進(jìn)行研究，收集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，也就是他的研究方法是新穎的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“TakeJ49andJ51—twodistantlyrelatedyoungmalesaged9and6—forexample.“Everytimeyouseeagroupofwhales,thosetwoarerighttherecommunicatingwitheachother,”Weisssays.”（以J49和J51為例，它們是9歲和6歲的遠(yuǎn)親年輕雄性動(dòng)物。Weiss說(shuō)：“每當(dāng)你看到一群鯨魚(yú)時(shí)，它們就在那里相互交流。）可知，J49和J51之間聯(lián)系緊密，總是在交流，所以它們之間有長(zhǎng)久的友誼。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Scientistshavelongobservedthissocialagingtrendinanimals,buttherearestillmanyunansweredquestions,”shesays.Thatcertainlyontheresearchers’radar.“We’realreadygatheringnewproofs,withmoreadvancedequipment,”saysWeiss.”（她說(shuō):“科學(xué)家們長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直在觀察動(dòng)物的這種社會(huì)老齡化趨勢(shì)，但仍有許多未解之謎。”這當(dāng)然在研究人員的關(guān)注范圍內(nèi)。“我們已經(jīng)在用更先進(jìn)的設(shè)備收集新的證據(jù)，”Weiss說(shuō)。）可知，虎鯨群體中的社會(huì)老齡化趨勢(shì)有待進(jìn)一步研究，研究人員也正在用新的設(shè)備收集證據(jù)。由此推知，研究人員將會(huì)有更多的證據(jù)來(lái)研究虎鯨。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beingfitandhealthydoesn’tmeanyouhavetoworkoutforhoursadayandeatnothingbutchickenandvegetablesforeverymeal.____16____Thefollowingaresomeofthem.Youalwayscomplainyouaretoobusytogotothegymortoprepareahealthymeal.____17____Youshouldstarttoputyourhealthandfitnessinthefirstplacetoday.Youcanworkoutintheparkandcookyourfavouritefoodafterwork.Whatyoushoulddofirstisstopmakingexcusesallthetime.Youshouldwalkmoreinsteadofdrivingacarwhengoingout.Thekeytolifelongfitnessistosimplybemoreactiveandwalkmoreeveryday.Tryyourbesttowalkwheneverandwhereveryoucan—tothesuperstore,totheoffice,orgoforanafter-dinnerwalkwithyourfamily.____18____InsteadofalwaysgoingtothemoviesorwatchingTV,youshouldtakepartinactivitiesthatkeepyoumoving.Youcangoforabikeride,goonahike,orgotoplaysportswithyourfamilyandfriends,suchasping-pongandbasketball.____19____Notonlywillyougetmoving,butalsoyouwillhavefun.____20____Manypeopleunderestimatetheimportanceofagoodnight’srest,buthavingagoodresteachnightisimportantforyourhealth.Therefore,trytosleepseventoeighthoursanightonaregularbasis.A.Thelistisendless.B.Findwaystobeclosetonature.C.Enoughsleepisespeciallyimportant.D.Ofcourseit’snotalwayspossibletogotothegym.E.However,foryourhealth,youhavetomakeachange.F.Inshorttakeeverychancetowalkasmuchasyoucan.G.Actually,therearemanygoodhabitsthatwillhelpyoukeepinshape.【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹幾種可以保持身體健康的好習(xí)慣?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beingfitandhealthydoesn’tmeanyouhavetoworkoutforhoursadayandeatnothingbutchickenandvegetablesforeverymeal.(身體健康并不意味著你必須每天鍛煉幾個(gè)小時(shí)，每頓飯只吃雞肉和蔬菜。)”和下文“Thefollowingaresomeofthem.(以下是其中的一些。)”可知，文章接下來(lái)要介紹一些保持健康的方法。選項(xiàng)G“事實(shí)上，有很多好習(xí)慣可以幫助你保持健康。”和上下文意思一致。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youalwayscomplainyouaretoobusytogotothegymortoprepareahealthymeal.(你總是抱怨自己太忙了，沒(méi)有時(shí)間去健身房或準(zhǔn)備健康的飯菜。)”和下文“Youshouldstarttoputyourhealthandfitnessinthefirstplacetoday.Youcanworkoutintheparkandcookyourfavouritefoodafterwork.Whatyoushoulddofirstisstopmakingexcusesallthetime.(你今天應(yīng)該開(kāi)始把你的健康放在首位。你可以在公園鍛煉，下班后做你最喜歡的食物。你首先應(yīng)該做的是不要總是找借口。)”可知，為了健康，要做出改變。選項(xiàng)E“然而，為了你的健康，你必須做出改變。”和上下文意思一致。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Tryyourbesttowalkwheneverandwhereveryoucan—tothesuperstore,totheoffice,orgoforanafter-dinnerwalkwithyourfamily.(無(wú)論何時(shí)何地，盡你最大的努力去散步——去超市、辦公室，或者晚飯后和家人一起散步。)”可知，這里建議盡一切可能去散步。選項(xiàng)F“簡(jiǎn)言之，抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，盡可能多地走路。”和上文意思一致。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“InsteadofalwaysgoingtothemoviesorwatchingTV,youshouldtakepartinactivitiesthatkeepyoumoving.Youcangoforabikeride,goonahike,orgotoplaysportswithyourfamilyandfriends,suchasping-pongandbasketball.(與其總是去看電影或看電視，你應(yīng)該參加一些能讓你保持活力的活動(dòng)。你可以騎自行車，徒步旅行，或者和家人和朋友一起運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如乒乓球和籃球。)”可知，這里是在列舉一些鍛煉身體的活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A“清單是無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢隆９蔬xA。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Manypeopleunderestimatetheimportanceofagoodnight’srest,buthavingagoodresteachnightisimportantforyourhealth.Therefore,trytosleepseventoeighthoursanightonaregularbasis.(許多人低估了晚上好好休息的重要性，但每晚好好休息對(duì)你的健康很重要。因此，盡量有規(guī)律地每晚睡七到八個(gè)小時(shí)。)”可知，這一段強(qiáng)調(diào)睡眠的重要性。選項(xiàng)C“充足的睡眠尤為重要?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共四節(jié),滿分55分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Recently,IhavebeenpreparedforanupcominghikingadventureintheGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark.Tostartmy____21____,IwenttotheOceanCitywithmyhusband.It’safour-milewalkwithsomesmallhills.Itshouldhavebeeneasy.Butthatday,itwas____22____startingthewalk.IcouldtellthatIwasinworse____23____thanIhadbeeninformanyyears.Ifelttiredandweak.I____24____tomyhusbandthatthewalkwashorribleandhardformostofthefourmiles.Throughtalkingtohim,Ifoundmyhusbandwasalso____25____.Buthedidn’tmakeanycomplaintstome.That’swhenI____26____thatIwasmakingthewalkmoredifficultandpainfulthanitreallywas.My____27____thoughtsweremakingthehikebecomeharderthanitwas.Iwas____28____myownpositivity.Iwasensuringthateverystepwouldbehard____29____Iwastellingmyselfthatitwas.Whenweapproachedthefinalhill,Idecidedtothink_____30_____.ItoldmyselfhowamazinglyIwasdoingandhowstrongIwas.I_____31_____myselfintodoingsomethingdifficultinordertogetstronger.Itoldmyselfthatwhenitgetuncomfortable,itmeansIam_____32_____.Afterthatday,Icontinuedtotrain.Ifoundmyselfacceptingdiscomfortwheneverpossible,evenoutsidethegym.My_____33_____greweachtimeIfaceddiscomfortinsteadofturningawayfromitandchoosingcomfort.The_____34_____ofshiftingmyrelationshipwithdiscomforthavespreadfarbeyondfitness.Ihavenoticed_____35_____procrastination(拖延癥),increasedproductivity,andanoverallpositivefeelingofself-worth.21.A.learning B.thinking C.exploring D.training22.A.visual B.tough C.awkward D.horrible23.A.shape B.context C.taste D.occasion24.A.complained B.explained C.apologized D.announced25.A.attempting B.struggling C.exercising D.reflecting26.A.desired B.proposed C.recognized D.observed27.A.flexible B.practical C.frequent D.negative28.A.proving B.acquiring C.destroying D.challenging29.A.so B.though C.because D.unless30.A.extremely B.creatively C.carefully D.