《高中英語語言知識課件》

高中英語語言知識課件歡迎來到《高中英語語言知識課件》！通過這個課件，我將分享英語語言知識的重要內(nèi)容，幫助大家更好地理解和應用英語。PartsofSpeechNounsNamesofpeople,places,things,orideas.PronounsWordsthatreplacenouns.AdjectivesWordsthatdescribenouns.VerbsWordsthatshowactionsorstatesofbeing.AdverbsWordsthatmodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.PrepositionsWordsthatshowrelationshipsbetweennounsorpronounstootherwords.ConjunctionsWordsthatconnectwords,phrases,orclauses.InterjectionsWordsthatexpressstrongemotionsorsuddenreactions.TensesPresentTenseDescribesactionshappeningnoworongoingsituations.PastTenseDescribesactionsthathavealreadyhappened.FutureTenseDescribesactionsthatwillhappeninthefuture.ModalVerbs1CanAbility,permission,orpossibility.2CouldPastability,permission,orpossibility.3MayPermission,possibility,oruncertainty.4MightProbability,possibility,orpermission.5MustObligation,strongnecessity,ordeduction.6ShallSuggestionorfutureevents(onlyfor"I"and"we").7ShouldAdvice,recommendation,orobligation.8WillFutureeventsorwillingness.ActiveandPassiveVoice1ActiveVoiceThesubjectperformstheaction.2PassiveVoiceThesubjectreceivestheaction.3Example:Active:Theteacherexplainsthelesson.Passive:Thelessonisexplainedbytheteacher.DirectandIndirectSpeechDirectSpeechTheexactwordsspokenorwrittenbysomeone.IndirectSpeechReportingsomeone'swordswithoutusingtheirexactwords.SentenceStructureSimpleSentencesContainoneindependentclause.CompoundSentencesContaintwoormoreindependentclausesjoinedbyaconjunction.ComplexSentencesContainanindependentclauseandoneormoredependentclauses.Subject-VerbAgreementSubject-VerbAgreementSubjectsandverbsmustagreeinnumber.TheUseofArticles1A(不定冠詞)Usedbeforecountablenounsthatarenon-specific.2An(不定冠詞)Usedbeforecountablenounsthatbeginwithavowelsound.3The(定冠詞)Usedbeforecountableoruncountablenounsthatarespecific.TheUseofQuantifiersSomeUsedwithcountableanduncountablenounstoshowanunspecifiedquantity.AnyUsedwithcountableanduncountablenounsinquestionsornegativesentencestodenoteabsenceofquantity.ManyUsedwithcountablenounstodenotealargequantity.FewUsedwithcountablenounstodenoteasmallquantity.LittleUsedwithuncountablenounstodenoteasmallquantity.MuchUsedwithuncountablenounstodenotealargequantity.TheUseofModalAuxiliariesinRequestsandOffers1CanUsedtomakerequests.2CouldUsedtomakemorepoliterequests.3MayUsedtomakepoliterequestsoroffers.4WouldUsedtomakeformalrequestsoroffers.HomophonesandHomonymsHomophonesWordsthatsoundthesamebuthavedifferentmeaningsandspellings.HomonymsWordsthatsoundthesameandhavethesamespellingbuthavedifferentmeanings.IdiomsandProverbs1IdiomsGroupsofwordswithameaningdifferentfromtheliteralmeaning.2ProverbsShortsayingsthatofferadviceorexpressacommontruth.3Example:Idiom:"Breakaleg"(meaning:goodluck)Proverb:"All'swellthatendswell"(meaning:asuccessfuloutcomejustifiesanypreviousmisfortunes)FigurativeLanguageMetaphorsFiguresofspeechthatcomparetwothingswithoutusing"like"or"as".SimilesFiguresofspeechthatcomparetwothingsusing"like"or"as".HyperboleExaggeratedstatementsorclaimsnotmeanttobetakenliterally.PersonificationAttributinghumanqualitiestonon-humanobjectsorcreatures.SyntaxandSemanticsSyntaxreferstothearrangementofwordsandphrasestocreatewell-formedsentencesinalanguage.Semanticsdealswiththemeaningofwords,phrases,andsen