2023人教版必修五Unit 1 great scientists grammar課時作業(yè)

Unit1greatscientistsgrammar課時作業(yè)

[.單項填空

IThepresidentanimportantreportatthemeeting.

A.talkedB.announced

C.deliveredD.said

2-Guesswhat!Ianoldfriendatthepartylastnight.

一I'msureyouhadawonderfultime.

A.cameupB.cameover

C.cameoutD.cameacross

3Evenaftertheteacherenteredtheclassroomshetalking.

A.carriedonB.carriedwith

C.carriedoutD.goeson

4Thenewlypublishedbookreferredtoonlyforbeginners.

A.intendedB.beintended

C.intendingD.isintended

5Youshouldn'tplaceyourstudyfootball.

A.closetoB.nextto

C.secondtoD.farfrom

n.單句改錯

IThewritertoldmethathemetastrangemanbyanychance.

2Thisisthemanwhomtheycamecrossinthepark.

3Thisisthescientistreferringtoatthemeeting.

41wonderwhetherthesedesksandchairsisintendedforSenior1students.

5Thepoorboydeliveredfromaprivatefactory.

Ill.完成句子

1我準備出國學習。

Iabroad.

2他昨天偶然遇到了他的摯友。

Hehisfriendyesterday.

3當你不相識這些詞時，你可以參考一下字典。

Whenyoudon'tknowthesewords,youcanthedictionary.

4他昨天在會上發(fā)表了講話。

Heatthemeetingyesterday.

5你應當接著你的新書。

Youshouldyournewbook.

IV.閱讀理解

Whydowomenearnlessthanmen?

Womenearnlessthanmen.Forexample,in1988thehourlywagesofwomenintheU.S.were

26%lessthanthoseofmen.Thegapbetweenmaleandfemaleincomesvarieswithage.Thegap

betweenthelaborincomesofyoungwomenandyoungmenismuchsmallerthanthatbetween

middle-agedwomenandmen.Itisalsoclearthatjobsinwhichwomenareconcentratedpayless.The

largerthenumberofworkersinanindustrywhoarewomen,thelowertheaveragewages.

Whydowomenearnlessthanmen?Arethedifferencesexplainedbythefactthatwomenare

lookeddownupon?Ifso,thegovernmenthastointervene（干預），toforcetheemployerstopay

equalwagestoequaljobs.However,thereisnoagreementamongeconomistsaboutthecausesofthe

gap.Oneviewarguesthatwomenontheaveragehavechosenlow-payingjobsinwhichworkers

enjoythefreedomofenteringandleavingthelaborforce,whichreducestheiryearsofexperience

relativetomen.Otherpeoplesaythegapcanalsobeexplainedbythedifferenceineducational

backgroundwhichisshowninthedifferenceinthemarginal（少量的）productbetweenmenand

women.

Muchofthegap,however,hasnotbeenfullyexplained.ltmightbetheresultofsomebias（偏

見）againstwomen.ltisthispartthathasproducedcallsforgovernmentaction.Whatwouldhappenif

thegovernmentdidintervenetoincreasethewagespaidtowomen?Onepossibilityisthatincomes

fbrwomenasagroupmightactuallydecline.Anincreaseinwagedecreasesthequantityoflabor

inputdemanded,resultingindecreasedemploymentastherateofhiringnewworkersdeclines.The

resultwillbeasurplus（過乘”）oflabor.Thosewhocanfindjobsmightbebetteroffwhilethosewho

hadjobsmightfindthemselvesoutofwork.

IThedifferenceinlaborincomesismostobviousbetween.

A.youngmenandyoungwomen

B.youngwomeninthesameindustry

C.middle-agedmenandmiddle-agedwomen

D.middle-agedwomeninthesameindustry

2Someeconomistsbelievewomenearnlessthanmenpartlybecause.

A.womenarelessexperiencedthanmen

B.womenareonlyprovidedwithlow-payingjobs

C.womenhavemuchfreedominselectingtheirjobs

D.therearemorethanenoughwomeninthelaborforce

3Whichofthefollowingcannotbeinferredfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Womenreceivelesseducationthanmen.

B.Womenarenotasproductiveasmen.

C.Levelsofeducationarecloselyrelatedtoproductivity.

D.Goodsproducedbywomenarenotasgoodasthosebymen.

4Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthatthegovernmentshoulddoforwomenworkers?

A.Toensureequalpayforwomen.

B.Toexplainwhywomenarepaidless.

C.Toforceemployerstohiremorewomen.

D.Nosolutionisclearlysuggested.

5Whatwouldhappenifwomen'swageswereraised?

A.Inputofcapitalwouldbeincreased.

B.Theunemploymentratewouldgoup.

C.Thosewhohavejobswouldbecomebetteroff.

D.Womenasagroupwouldearnmorethanbefore.

V.經(jīng)典重現(xiàn)

1（2023全國高考II）Progresssofarverygoodandwearesurethattheworkwillbe

finishedontime.

A.wasB.hadbeen

C.hasbeenD.willbe

2（2023全國高考I）一Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?

—Becauselargequantitiesofwater.

A.havepolluted

B.isbeingpolluted

C.hasbeenpolluted

D.havebeenpolluted

3（2023江西高考）Atpresent,oneoftheargumentsinfavorofthenewaiiportthatit

willbringalotofjobstothearea.

A.isB.are

C.willbeD.was

4（2023山東高考）ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitiesrising

steadilysince2023.

A.isB.are

C.hasbeenD.havebeen

5（2023陜西高考）Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthis

summer.

A.isgoingtoB.aregoingto

C.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto

6（2023天津高考）Themealover,themanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomtotheir

discussion.

A.putawayB.takedown

C.lookoverD.carryon

VI.書面表達

依據(jù)提示用英語介紹20世紀杰出的女性之一：海倫?凱勒（HelenKeller）。

內(nèi)容要點如下：

1.海倫?凱勒1880年6月誕生于美國。她十九個月大時，由于生病變得又聾又盲。從今

她就生活在見不到天日、聽不到聲音的世界里。

2.七歲時，她的父母給她找了一名老師——MissSullivan。MissSullivan在教海倫的過程

中遇到了很多困難。由于海倫的堅毅意志和才智以及MissSullivan的技巧和耐性，她們克服

了全部的困難，并取得了勝利。

留意：

1）介紹須包括全部內(nèi)容要點，但不要逐條翻譯。

2）可以適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容連貫。

3）詞數(shù)：100左右。

參考詞匯：意志和才智willandintelligence；技巧和耐性skillandpatience

HelenKeller

參考答案

I.1解析：deliver在句中的含義是“發(fā)表（演講）”,后接speech、report等作賓語。talk的

含義是“交談”；announce的含義是“宣布"；say的含義是“說”，多強調(diào)內(nèi)容。

答案：C

2解析：comeup的含義是“提出"；comeover表示“過來";comeout的含義是“出版”,不

能用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。comeacross表示“偶然遇到”，依據(jù)句意可知答案為cameacross。

答案：D

3解析：carryon可接動名詞作賓語，表示“接著做某事"；carryout表示“執(zhí)行；實施"；go

on表示“接著”，此處時態(tài)不對。

答案：A

4解析：beintendedfor的含義是“為...而準備本句中的referredto（被提及）在句子中

作定語修飾booko

答案：D

5解析：詞組closeto的含義是“離...近”;nextto的含義是“與....相鄰；緊挨著“；second

to表示“次于"；farfrom表示“離...遠”。

答案：C

11.1答案：去掉any

2答案：cross—across

3答案：referring一referred

4答案：is—>are

5答案：在boy后加was

IIL1答案：intend(ed)studying/tostudy

2答案：cameacross

3答案：referto

4答案：deliveredaspeech

5答案：carryonwith

IV.1解析:細微環(huán)節(jié)考查題。由短文中的"Thegapbetweenthelaborincomesofyoung

womenandyoungmenismuchsmallerthanthatbetweenmiddle-agedwomenandmen”可知，在中

年男子和女子之間勞動酬勞的差距是很明顯的。

答案：C

2解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)考查題。由短文中的“Oneviewarguesthatwomenontheaverage...which

reducestheiryearsofexperiencerelativetomen.”可知，有些人認為女子掙錢比男子少的緣由是

女子的閱歷不如男子豐富。

答案：A

3解析：推理推斷題。由短文中的"Otherpeoplesaythegapcanalsobeexplained...inthe

marginalproductbetweenmenandwomen.”可知，所受教化的多少可能與產(chǎn)量(product)有關，沒

有提到與產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量有關，所以D項不對。

答案：D

4解析：推理推斷題。由短文的“Ifso,thegovernmenthastointervene(干預)，toforcethe

employerstopayequalwagestoequaljobs.”可知，假如人們真的卑視女性，那么政府就應當實

行措施，但文中并沒有提出詳細的措施。

答案：D

5解析：推理推斷題。由短文中的“Anincreaseinwagedecreasesthequantityoflaborinput

demanded,resultingindecreasedemploymentastherateofhiringnewworkersdeclines.“可知，工

資的增加會削減勞動力的需求，因此失業(yè)率會增加。

答案：B

V」解析：考查時態(tài)。句中狀語sofar要求謂語動詞用完成時；另外，依據(jù)and后并列分

句的一般現(xiàn)在時可知，答案應選C項，以做到前后整體時態(tài)一樣。

答案：C

2解析：“l(fā)argequantitiesof+名詞”在句子中作主語時，謂語部分的數(shù)的形式與quantities

一樣，用復數(shù)?！八驯晃廴尽坝帽粍诱Z態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時。故D項正確。

答案：D

3解析：本題考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一樣。依據(jù)時間狀語atpresent可知，本題要用一般現(xiàn)

在時。句子的主語(oneofthearguments)是單數(shù)，故用單數(shù)謂語。答案為A項。

答案：A

4解析：考查主謂一樣和動詞的時態(tài)。Ihenumberof...*1……的數(shù)量”，作主語時，謂語動

詞用單數(shù)，故B、D項錯。題干中的since2023"自2023年以來“，常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)連用，故

C項正確。

答案：C

5解析：考查動詞時態(tài)與主謂一樣。由togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,with,but.

besides,except,like,including等介詞連接的詞語與主語連用時，謂語動詞的數(shù)要與前面主

語的數(shù)一樣，故本題謂語動詞要與主語Dr.Smith一樣用單數(shù)，解除B、D項；依據(jù)時間狀語

thissummer,表安排性的將來，故時態(tài)是一般將來時，選A項。

答案：A

6解析：考查動詞短語的用法。詞組putaway的含義是“收好；放好"；take