作業(yè)13 主謂一致（原卷版）

第13練主謂一致概念主謂一致指謂語動(dòng)詞（包括系動(dòng)詞）在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語保持一致。在解題過程中既要考慮謂語動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用那種時(shí)態(tài)，又要考慮使用單復(fù)數(shù)的問題。主謂一致的定義個(gè)三大原則主謂一致是句子主語和謂語在“人稱”和“數(shù)”方面保持一致，一般遵循三個(gè)原則：語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。（一）語法一致原則主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定了謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。（1）以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語或從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。主語為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。①Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.（單數(shù)名詞作主語）②TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.（動(dòng)詞不定式作主語）③Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.（名詞性從句作主語）④Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago.（復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語）⑤Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.（動(dòng)名詞作主語）（2）當(dāng)主語后面跟有aswellas，asmuchas，nolessthan,alongwith，with,like，ratherthan，togetherwith，but，except，besides，including，inadditionto等引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)按主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)而定。例如：=1\*GB3①Theteacheraswellasthestudentswasexcited.老師和同學(xué)們都很興奮。=2\*GB3②IthinkTom,ratherthanyouwantstoplaybasketball.我認(rèn)為是湯姆而不是想去打籃球。（3）and,both...and...連接兩個(gè)不同的主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。=1\*GB3①M(fèi)ikeandSuearealwaysplayingcomputergames.邁克和休總是打電腦游戲。注意：如果and連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，表示同一人、同一物或同一概念，或表示不可分的整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。=1\*GB3①Thewriterandteacherisintroducinghisnewbook.這位教師兼作家正在推銷他的新書。（4）在定語從句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞that,who,which等作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。E.g.Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.在定語從句中,若先行詞為oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,其定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。若先行詞為theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。E.g.Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.(先行詞是friends)E.g.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.(所以先行詞是one)（5）“manya/morethanone＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。each,every,no所修飾的名詞作主語時(shí)，即使有and連接，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。①M(fèi)anyagoodstudenthasbeendestroyedbycomputergames.許多好學(xué)生都?xì)г诹穗娔X游戲上。（二）意義一致原則意義一致原則指不管主語的形式是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，主語的意義決定了謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。（1）集體名詞作主語時(shí)，若被看作一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；若被看作是構(gòu)成整體的一個(gè)個(gè)成員，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見的集體名詞有family,class,team,group,public,committee,government,audience等。=1\*GB3①Almosteveryfamilyinthecountryownsacar.這個(gè)國家?guī)缀跫壹叶加幸惠v汽車。=2\*GB3②Myfamilyarecrazyaboutsinging.我們一家人都酷愛唱歌。注意：形式為單數(shù)但意義為復(fù)數(shù)概念的police,people等集合名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。①Thepolicearetryingtheirbesttoprotectourcountry.警察正在盡自己最大努力保護(hù)我們的國家。（2）“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)/themajority＋of＋名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of后名詞的數(shù)以及其表示的意義；all,some,half,most,therest等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語實(shí)際表達(dá)的意義。①Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.地球上四分之三的地方被水覆蓋。②70percentofpeoplehaveknownaboutthetruth.百分之七十的人知道這個(gè)真相。（3）“the＋形容詞”表示一類人，在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。①Theyoungneedtocarefortheold.年輕人需要照顧老人。（4）Aquantityof后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。后接不可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。=1\*GB3①Alargequantityofcleanwateriswastedeveryday．.②Aquantityofbeerareconsumedinthecityeveryyear．（5）“anumberof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，“thenumberof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。①Anumberofnewhouseshavebeenbuiltthere．②Thenumberofthepeoplewhoknowthesecretisverylimited．（6）表示時(shí)間、距離、重量、金額等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。①Tenyearsisquitealongtime.②15milesseemslikealongwalktome.（三）就近一致原則就近一致原則指謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于離它最近的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)。（1）由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)．..,not...but...等連接的并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)常與最近的主語保持一致。①NotonlyIbutalsosheisenjoyingthefilm.不僅我而且她都在津津樂道地看電影（2）在therebe句型中，若有幾個(gè)并列成分作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)通常和最鄰近的主語保持一致。①Therearethreebooksandapenonthedesk.桌子上有三本書和一支鋼筆。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers________tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.A．gives B．hasgiven C．havegiven D．give2．Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand______aroundthatleveleversince.A．a(chǎn)reremaining B．haveremainedC．isremaining D．hasremained3．Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat______everyone.A．suit B．suited C．suits D．hassuited4．ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which________bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens’statusasaleadingnovelist.A．is B．a(chǎn)reC．was D．were5．Anumberofforeigners______towatchthe70thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePRConOct.1".A．Attracted B．haveattractedC．wasattracted D．wereattracted6．Peoplesituncomfortablyonplasticchairs,readingoldmagazines,_________havebeenreadhundredsoftimespreviously.A．a(chǎn)llofthem B．a(chǎn)llofwhich C．eachofthem D．eachofwhich7．Heisoneofthestudents______selectedtotakepartinthecontext.A．whoseis B．whichare C．a(chǎn)sis D．whoare8．canbedonebeendone.A．All;have B．Allthat;have C．All;has D．Allthat;has9．Manyahouse______inthepowerfulearthquakesofar,sothehomelesssurvivorshavetostayintentsforthetimebeing.A．wasdamaged B．weredamaged C．hasbeendamaged D．havebeendamaged10．Goodfoodalongwithbeautifulshoes______thepoorlittlegirlhopesfor.A．isthat B．a(chǎn)rethatC．a(chǎn)rewhat D．iswhat11．Addingtotheirhappiness,hesays,______somesimilaritiesbetweenthetwotestpapers.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．has D．have12．Inmyopinion,itisthepresentexaminationsystemratherthantheteachers,that________fortheheavyburdenontoday’sstudents.A．isblamed B．a(chǎn)retoblameC．istoblame D．a(chǎn)reblamed13．Thenumberofpeople,whohaveaccesstotheirowncars,______sharplyinthepastdecade.A．rose B．isrising C．haverisen D．hasrisen14．ZhongNanshan,aswellasthreeotheroutstandingmedicalworkers,__________thehighesthonorofourcountrylastmonth.A．a(chǎn)reawarded B．isawarded C．wereawarded D．wasawarded15．Morethanoneworker______dismissed.A．havebeenB．a(chǎn)reC．hasbeenD．has16．ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities________steadilysince1997.A．isrising B．a(chǎn)rerising C．hasbeenrising D．havebeenrising17．NowadaysthegrowthoffooddeliveryappsinChina______thecountrywithtakeoutcontainersandplasticA．havedrowned B．hasbeendrowned C．isdrowning D．a(chǎn)redrowned18．Afamousdancerandsinger________invitedtothepartyanditwasagreatsuccess.A．was B．were C．is D．a(chǎn)re19．TheGreens_____Chinaforfiveyears.A．hasbeeninB．havebeeninC．wenttoD．hasgoneto20．Alargeamountofsolarenergy________electricalenergysinceamountsofadvanceequipment________introduced.A．wasconvertedinto;were B．wereconvertedinto;wasC．havebeenconvertedinto;was D．hasbeenconvertedinto;were21．Tomistheonlyoneofthewitnesseswho___________thewholeaccident.A．hasreportedseeing B．havereportedtoseeC．hasreportedtosee D．havereportedseeing22．WearegoingtospendtheSpringfestivalinGuangzhou,_____mygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A．whichlive B．thatlives C．wherelive D．wholives23．Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren_____________skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.A．isgoing B．goC．goes D．a(chǎn)regoing24．Deletetheshortmessageatonce!Manyaman______bysuchtricksuptonow.A．a(chǎn)recheated B．ischeatedC．havebeencheated D．hasbeencheated25．Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____awinnerofscholarshipfivetimesuptonow.A．is B．a(chǎn)reC．havebeen D．hasbeen26．Ifeelitisyouaswellasyourwifethat______foryourson'sbadperformanceatschool.A．a(chǎn)retoblame B．istobeblamedC．a(chǎn)retobeblamed D．istoblame27．Iwonderwhyyoufailedsomanyofthequestions.Onlythefirstquestionwasdifficult,buttherest,Ithought,______veryeasy.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were28．Morethananewinventionlike3Dprinters________tomakereplacementheartsandbonepartsinthepastfewyears.A．isbeingused B．a(chǎn)rebeingused C．hasbeenused D．havebeenused29．Aftercompletingthetraining,I,togetherwithmyclassmates,____tothetownthatwasfarfromthecity.A．weresent B．wassent C．havebeensent D．hasbeensent30．Tom’sfatheraswellashismother________thathe______athome.A．suggest;stay B．suggests;staysC．suggest;stays D．suggests;stay二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子31．Butthecountry'seconomicdevelopmentovertheyears________(permit)thesporttospreadbeyondthewealthy.32．Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms_________________(produce)allovertheworld.33．Westofourvillage______(lie)ariverwhereIwouldgoswimmingwhenIwasachild.34．I'llfollowhimwhereverhe________(go)．35．Neithermyparentsnormyyoungersister_______(be)athometoday.36．Tenthousanddollars____________(spend)onthisprojectsothatwecanenjoyamorebeautifulcampus.37．Greatchanges_________(takeplace)inShanghaiinthelastfewyears.38．Hurryup!Thetrain____(leave).Wemaymissit!39．Itisthefirsttimethetechnique______(use)todocumenthowthebrainprocessesgrammarandproduceswords.40．NotonlyyouandIbutalsoPeter,thetopstudentinourschool,______（be）notabletosolvetheproblem.41．Look！Somepeople_______(lie)onthebeach，havingasunbath.42．Thereportersaidthatthecar__________(travel)easttowestwhenhesawit.43．Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat_______(suit)everyone.44．Planningsofarinadvance______(make)nosense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.45．Theteachersaidthattheearth______(go)roundthesun.46．Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents______（be）toattendthemeeting.47．Someexcellentteachers________(appoint)toteachChineseinaConfuciusInstituteinAfricasofar.48．Bicyclesareaverycommonformoftransportintheworld.There________(be)aboutonebillionbicyclesworldwide.49．Allworkandnoplay_______(make)Jackadullboy.50．Look!Here______(come)thebusheiswaitingfor.51．Hegraduatedfromuniversitylastyearand___________(work)inourcompanyeversince.52．Itisourresponsibilitytothenextgenerationtomakesurethatenvironmentalissues________(solve).53．Ourclass______________(consist)of23girlsand29boys.54．Healways_____________(behave)wellatschool,whichmakeshisparentsproud.55．Sofar,largeamountsofmoney________(spend)onthatbigproject.56．Morethantwo-thirdsofthestudents________(see)thefilmalready.57．SincetheInternetfounditswayintoordinarypeople'sfamilies,people'swayoflife_________(influence)greatly.58．Cholerawasadeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscausenoritscure________(understand).59．Sofarmorethanonefriend________(invite)tomybirthdaypartytobeheldtomorrow.60．Dr.Smith,aswellashiswifeanddaughters,_____(be)goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.61．EatingpearsaroundtheAwakeningofInsects________(be)awidely-practicedcustominChina.62．LaughterYoga________(create)inthemid-1990sasasocialexperiment.63．Thousandsofforeigners____________(attract)totheShanghaiWorldExpothedayitopened.64．I_________(run)outoftheclassroomwhenIbumpedintoagirlliterally.65．Inmyopinion,neithermyfriendnormyclassmates______（be）aspositiveas