選修7 Unit 21 課下主題訓(xùn)練 社會熱點(diǎn)問題

PAGE第10頁共10頁課下主題訓(xùn)練社會熱點(diǎn)問題課時(shí)練(一)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①harmful □ ②virus □③delicious □ ④appropriate □⑤balanced □ ⑥necessary □⑦nutrition □ ⑧disease □⑨energetic □ ⑩mental □?vitamin □ ?fresh □?maintain □ ?physician □?healthy □ ?cure □?suffer □ ?diagnosis □?lifestyle □ ?reduce □(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)physician，maintain，nutrition，necessary，appropriate，disease，virus，fresh，vitamin，delicious1．Thecarhasbeenwellmaintainedandisingoodcondition.2．However,intermsofnutrition,_fastfoodisfarfromsatisfactory.3．OnceyouhaveremovedthevirusitissafetoreconnecttotheInternet.4．Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidencethatsmokingcanleadtomanydiseases.5．Assoonasthefreshvegetablescomein,weputthemonsale.6．Thiscanclearlybeseenwhenwelookatpetfoods,whichoftencontainmorevitaminsthanhumanfood.7．Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.8．Appropriatearrangementswillbemadefortheirworkandlivelihood.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Stresscanbeextremelyharmful(harm)toyourhealth.Exercise,meanwhile,canreduceitsbadeffects.2．You'dbetterkeepabalanced(balance)dietforthebenefitofyourhealth.3．Weneedtobemoreenergetic(energy)inparticipatinginsocialactivities.4．Tobementally(mental)healthy,youneedtobuildupgoodrelationshipswitheachother.5．Physicallyactivechildrenaremorelikelytobecomeactiveandhealthy(health)adults.6．JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician(physics)．7．Peopleexposedtoradiationaremorelikelytosufferfromcertainformsofcancer,whichcan'tbe_cured(cure)atpresent.8．Thenumberofpeoplesufferingfromheartdiseasewillbe_reduced(reduce)iftheyarepersuadedtoeatmorefruitandvegetables.二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWhatdoyouhopetobedoingat80?Mostofusimagineaslowerpaceoflife.NotsoforBeateHowitt.Her80thyearhasmarkedthestartofanewcareertheoctogenarian(八十多歲的)grandmotherrecentlylandedherfirstmodellingcontract.“It'sthrilling，”saysBeate.“I'vealwaysdreamedofbeingamodel.Ofcourse,partofmewassurprisedthatanyonewantedtoseethisoldface.ButI'veneverthoughtofmyselfasgettingolder.Ialwaysliveinthemoment.Nowawholenewchapteroflifeisopeningup.”Inastrokeoffatethatprovesit's“nevertoolate”，BeatewasspottedwhileoutshoppinglastyearinOxford,whereshelives.Now,tenyearsafterretiringfromateachingcareer,shehasbeensignedbytheLondonagencyMOTModels.And,whilethisnew-foundsuccessmayhavearrivedlate,itistherealisationofalife-longambition:Beatefirstdreamedofworkingasamodelmorethan65yearsagowhenshewasateenager.“IwantedtobeamodelwhenIwasyoung，”shesays.“TheNewLookwasinfashionthenandmyiconwasBritishmodelBarbaraGoalen.IfollowedherworkandcutouteverythingIcouldfindaboutherinmagazinesandstuckitinabook.IlookedatpicturesofherwearingDioranddreamedofbeingpaidtowearbeautifulclotheslikeshewas.”Nearlysevendecadesonfromthosechildhoodaspirations(愿望),Beatenaturallyassumedthatdoorwasfirmlyclosed.Fewpeoplestartanewcareerintheirninthdecade,letaloneinfashionmodelling.“Ithappenedoutoftheblue，”saysBeate.“IwasshoppinginOxfordinOctober,lookingforapresentformyniece,andIfoundthiswonderfulshopfullofsilkscarves.WhenIwaspaying,themanageraskedifIwouldtakepartinacharityfashionshow.Iwasalittlenervous,butamrathervainandlovedtheideaofbeingonacatwalk.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Beate80多歲的時(shí)候偶然得到做模特的機(jī)會，實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己年輕的夢想。1．WhathappenedtoBeateHowittrecently?A．Shestartedacarefreelife.B．Sheabandonedteaching.C．Shetookearlyretirement.D．Sheachievedherchildhooddream.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，Beate80多歲的時(shí)候?qū)崿F(xiàn)了自己年幼時(shí)的夢想，成為了一名模特。2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBeateHowitt?A．Humorousanddevoted.B．Charmingbutstubborn.C．Consistentandambitious.D．Generousbutconservative.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可以推斷，盡管年歲已高，但Beate對自己的理想沒有放棄過，始終如一，并且有志向。3．Whatdoesthetextintendtoconvey?A．It'snevertoolatetostartover.B．Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Ittakesallsortstomakeaworld.解析：選A主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inastrokeoffatethatprovesit's‘nevertoolate’”及最后一段最后一句可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是想告訴我們：做自己喜歡的事情，什么時(shí)候都不晚。B(2021·太原質(zhì)檢)Manyofushavehadthisexperience:weliedowninabedotherthanourown,perhapsatafriend'shouseorinahotelroom,andfinditdifficultorimpossibletofallasleep.Isitbecausethebedisuncomfortable?Maybe,butperhapstherecanbeotherreasons.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,asignificantreasoniswhatthescientistscall“firstnighteffect”．Theybelievethatonesideofthebrainactsasa“nightwatch”towarnusaboutpotentialdangers.Itforcesustostayawakeonthefirstnightinanewenvironment.Forthestudy,35youngvolunteerswereaskedtosleepinasleeplabforseveraldays.Meanwhile,researcherswatchedtheirbrainactivities.Accordingtotheresearchers,ontheirfirstnight,theleftbrainsweremoreactivethantherightbrainsandpeoplehadahardtimesleeping.However,left-brainactivitydecreasedasdayswentby,fallingeventothepointofcompletecalm.Inthisprocess,theparticipantsgotanincreasinglybettersleepexperience.Thefindingssuggestthatthedifferentrhythmsofthesidesofthebrainaffectoursleep.Whenthetwosidesworkdifferently,thebalancebetweenthemisbroken.Thus,thebraincan'trelaxandissensitivetoanythingstrangeinthesurroundings,justasitisindaytime.“Atsomelevel,thebrainiscontinuingtoanalyzethings,eventhoughyouarenotawareoftheanalysis，”USprofessorJeromeSiegeltoldSmithsonianMagazine.“Ifsomethingunusualhappens—ifadooropensoryouhearakeyinalock—youcanbealert,eventhoughtheintensityofthestimulusisquitelow.”Moresurprisingly,thisphenomenonissimilartothewaysomeanimalssleep.Whales,dolphins,andmanybirdscansleepwithhalfoftheirbrainwhiletheotherhalfstaysawake,withitscorrespondingeyestayingopen.Theresearchersthinkthatitistheresultofevolution,andworkstoprotectusinpotentiallydangerousenvironments.Ifyouhaveeverhadwhatyouthinkis“firstnighteffect”，researcherssuggestthatyoubringyourownpilloworsleepinaroomsimilartoyourbedroomnexttimeyousleepawayfromhome.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了“第一晚效應(yīng)”對我們的影響及其產(chǎn)生的原因。4．WhatdidthenewstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfind?A．Acomfortablebedcouldhelppeoplesleepwellinanewenvironment.B．Mostpeoplecouldsleepwellinanewenvironmentafterthefirstnight.C．Brainactivitiesaffectedpeople'ssleepinanewenvironment.D．Therightbraindeterminedhowwellpeoplesleptinanewenvironment.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知，發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦活動影響人們在新環(huán)境中的睡眠。5．Whatwasfoundoutaboutthevolunteers?A．Theirleftbrainsweremoreactiveonthefirstnight.B．Theirrightbrainsbecamemoreactiveasdayswentby.C．Theirrightbrainskeptthemawakethewholenight.D．Theysleptbetterinthesleeplabthanathome.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)志愿者的左腦在第一個(gè)晚上更加活躍。6．Whatdotheresearchersthinkmakesthebrainsensitivetonewthings?A．Thebadsleepexperiencespeoplehavehad.B．Thetirednessthatpeoplesufferfromindaytime.C．Theimbalancebetweenthetwosidesofthebrain.D．Thestrangenessofthethingsthatpeoplecomeacross.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知，大腦兩側(cè)的不平衡使大腦對新事物敏感。7．Whatdotheresearchersthinkof“firstnighteffect”？A．Ithasevolvedasawaytoprotectus.B．It'sacharacteristicthatanimalsdon'thave.C．It'scompletelydifferentfromthewayanimalssleep.D．Ithelpspeopletogetusedtonewenvironmentsquickly.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，研究人員認(rèn)為“第一晚效應(yīng)”已經(jīng)演變成一種保護(hù)我們的方式。Ⅱ.語法填空Summerwassupposedtobefree__1__worriesforahighschoolgraduatelikeme.Nostudyingorhomeworktillcollege.IevenhadagoodjobsoIcouldgooffwithsomemoneyinmypocket.Butoneafternooneverythingchanged.__2__(see)Mum'scarshininglikediamondsintheburningsun,Igotinandstartedit.Theneverythingwentblack.WhenIopenedmyeyes,Ifoundmyselflyinginbedinhospital,__3__(able)tomove.Iwas__4__(blame)fortheaccident.WitnesseshadseenmemakealeftturnonRoute37—rightintothepathofatruckgoing60milesperhour.I__5__(knock)unconscious.AboutaweekafterIleftthehospital,MumandIwenttoseehercar,__6__wascompletelydestroyed.“It'sjustacar，”Mumsaid.“What'simportant__7__(be)thatyou'reokay.Everyone'sokay.”Mother'swordsonlyaddedtomy__8__(guilty).Iheldbacktears.Aftertheaccident,thejudgehadmeattendacommunityclassonroadsafetyandwrite__9__essayabouthowIcouldimprovemydriving.Bothhelpedmealot.BythetimeIleftforcollege,IknewIwas__10__(full)preparedforthebigworldoutthere,becauseIwouldbemorecareful.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。高中畢業(yè)即將上大學(xué)的作者在經(jīng)歷了一場車禍后吸取了教訓(xùn)：做任何事情都要小心謹(jǐn)慎。1．of/from考查介詞。befreeof/from意為“不受……影響”。2．Seeing考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空作狀語；邏輯主語I與see之間是主動關(guān)系，故填動詞-ing形式。3．unable考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“不能移動”需用able的反義詞unable。4．toblame考查不定式。betoblame常用主動形式表示被動含義，意思是“應(yīng)受責(zé)備，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任”。5．wasknocked考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語I是謂語動詞動作knock的承受者，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；這里是描述過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。6．which考查關(guān)系代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空所在部分作定語，該空指代先行詞hercar,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，故填which。7．is考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。這里說的是一般性道理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語從句What'simportant是單數(shù)概念，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。8．guilt考查名詞。本空前有物主代詞my修飾，故用guilty的名詞形式guilt。9．a(chǎn)n考查冠詞。此處用不定冠詞an修飾可數(shù)名詞essay，表示“一篇”。10．fully考查副詞。空處在句中修飾謂語動詞，需用full的副詞形式。課時(shí)練(二)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①refresh □ ②infection □③painful □ ④fitness □⑤prescription □ ⑥r(nóng)ecovery □⑦digest □ ⑧obesity □⑨allergy □ ⑩precaution □?immunity □ ?circulation □?poisonous □ ?symptom □?physical □ ?depression □?stress □ ?anxiety □?positive □ ?emotion □(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Applyingforjobscanbealongandpainful(pain)process.2．Peopletendtocatchallkindsofinfections(infect)inwinter.3．Waysmustbefoundtopreventthepoisonous(poison)gasesfrompollutingtheair.4．IlikecatsbutunfortunatelyI'mallergic(allergy)tothem.5．Theoldcoinshavebeenwithdrawnfromcirculation(circulate)．6．Onlyinthiswaycanthechildrengrowupmentallyandphysically(physical)healthy.7．Thedoctorsaidherfatherwouldrecoversoonandwewishherfatherwouldmakeafullrecovery(recover)fromtheoperation.8．Duringthelastthreedecades,thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginphysicalfitness(fit)programmeshasincreasedsharply.Ⅱ.寫出下列句中加藍(lán)詞的漢語意思1．Itwouldbeawiseprecautiontolockallthedoors.預(yù)防2．IthinkI'lljustrefreshmyselfwithacupofteabeforeIgotomeetthechildren.恢復(fù)精神3．Thephysicianmadeaprescriptionagainstsea-sicknessforhim.處方4．Asweallknow,fatsarehardtodigest.消化5．Obesityisaproblemformanypeopleintheworldnowadays.肥胖6．Thisvaccinewillgiveyouimmunityfortwoyears.免疫7．Ifthesymptomscontinue,itisimportanttogotoyourdoctor.癥狀8．Whenwefeelanger,weburytheemotionandfeelguiltyinstead.情緒9．Ifyou'reworriedaboutyourhealth,shareyouranxietieswithyourdoctor.憂慮10．Shesufferedfromseveredepressionafterlosingherjob.抑郁二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Youmighthaveseenthosepopularvideosofindividualsorevenfamilieswhocanfitanentireyear'sworthoftrashintoatinyjar.Bytryingtoensurethateverythingpurchasedisrecycledorreused,followersofthezero-wastemovementsarestrugglingtoavoidcreatinganytrashthatwillendupinlandfills(垃圾清理場)．Butreducedwasteisn'ttheonlyresultofbeingmindfulofyourconsumption—itcreatesacleanerworldandlife.Themainruleofazero-wastelifestyleiscreatingaslittletrashaspossible.Andhowdoweproducetrash？Throughourpurchases.Whetherit'sacutecuporthenewestphone,we'reconstantlybombedbymessagestobuy,buy,buy.Everytimeyoufeeltheurgetobuysomething,justwait.Chancesareifyouwaitanddon'tgiveintoyourfearofmissingout,you'llrealizeyoudon'tactuallyneedorevenwantwhateveryouwereabouttobuy.Fewerpurchasesmeanmoremoneyinthebank,morefinancialsecurity,andtheopportunitytogoonthatlong-desiredvacationortakethatclassyou'vebeendreamingabout.Twentyyearsfromnow,youwon'trememberarandompairofshoesorwhyyouneededanewersmartwatch,butyouwillrememberafamilyroadtrip,theartistthattaughtyouhowtopaint,andthefriendsyoumadeinthatcreativewritingclass.Azero-wastelifestylecanalsoincreaseindependenceandawareness.It'sfarmoredifficulttoimpulsively(沖動地)buyaT-shirtfromafastfashionchainwhenyouknowthatthey'remanufacturedinunsafefactories,whereworkers'wageskeepthembelowthepovertyline.Atthesametime,buyingsomethinghandcraftedconnectsyoutothepersonwhomadeit,sinceit'saproductbornofpassionandskill.Puttingexperiencesandpeoplebeforepossessionswillshift(轉(zhuǎn)移)yourfocusfromownershiptorelationships.Beingmorecarefulwiththeitemsyouownsothatyoucanusethemforlongeralsoteachesyouhowtobemoremindfulofothersandtheirneeds.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了零浪費(fèi)的生活方式，這種方式不僅省錢，更重要的是讓我們從關(guān)注物質(zhì)到追求精神滿足。1．Whatshouldwedowhenwefeeltheurgetobuysomething?A．Saveenoughmoneyforit.B．Overcomeourfearofmissingout.C．Waittoseewhetherwereallyneedit.D．Trytogetsomethingmorefashionable.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知，當(dāng)我們有買什么東西的沖動時(shí)，作者建議我們要“等待”，考慮我們是否真的需要這個(gè)東西。2．Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodo?A．Trydifferentcareers.B．Purchaseless,liverich.C．Makefriendswithanartist.D．Buythelatestelectronics.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，作者建議我們少買東西，去追求高品質(zhì)的精神生活。3．Whyshouldwebuysomethinghandcraftedaccordingtotheauthor?A．It'smoremeaningful.B．It'sworthalotofmoney.C．Itcangiveyouagoodmemory.D．Itcanhelppeopleoutofpoverty.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，作者建議我們?nèi)ベI手工做的東西，原因是手工做的東西可以讓我們跟制作者產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系，并且這些東西承載了藝術(shù)家的感情與技藝，會更有意義。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheharmofimpulsivepurchasesB．TheimportanceofrecyclingC．Livingazero-wastelifestyleD．Learningtospendwisely解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹零浪費(fèi)的生活方式及其意義。故C項(xiàng)適合作本文標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Youmayhaveheardoftheword“pub”．Itisshortforpublichouse.Therearearound60,000pubsintheU．K.Oneoftheoldestpubs,YeOldeFightingCocksinSt.Albans,Hertfordshire,islocatedinabuildingthatdatesbacktotheeleventhcentury.__1__Peopletalk,eat,drink,meettheirfriendsandrelaxthere.Pubsoftenhavetwobars,oneusuallyquieterthantheother,andmanyhaveagardenwherepeoplecansitinsummer.Childrencangointopubgardenswiththeirparents.Groupsoffriendsnormallybuy“rounds”ofdrinks.__2__Itissometimesdifficulttogetservedwhenpubsarebusy:Thebarstaffwillusuallyservethosewhohavebeenwaitingthelongestatthebarfirst.Mostpubsofferacompleterangeofbeers,localandimported,withGerman,BelgianandFrenchbeersbeingindemand.__3__Asamatteroffact,pubssellsoftdrinks,too.Thelegalagetopurchasealcoholis18intheUK.Peopleaged16and17,withthelicense'spermission,mayhaveonlyoneglassofwineduringameal.__4__Itisillegaltosellalcoholtosomeonewhoalreadyappearsdrunk.Afourteen-year-oldmayenterapubunaccompaniedbyanadultifheordersameal.Childrenmayenterapubwiththeirparentsuntil9p．m.,whichletsfamiliesenjoyreasonablypricedpubmealstogether.__5__CustomsinBritishpubsdifferfromthoseinAmericanbars.InmostpubsintheU．K.,youmustgotothebartoorderdrinksandfoodandpayf