《跨境電子商務英語》期末試卷（A）卷

《跨境電子商務英語》試卷（A）

（2021-2022學年度第一學期****級****專業(yè)）

［閉卷，試卷共10頁，答題時間120分鐘］

學號姓名

專業(yè)班號系

（說明：請考生將答案寫在考試答題紙上并標明題號，否則不得分。）

I.Choosethebestchoicetocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.(1foreach,10pointsinall)

1.TheschooPsapproachshouldbetothatoftheparents.

A.complimentaryB.complementary

C.complexD.complicated

2.Ifthat'sthecase,thenyourtargetgroup.

A.confusewithB.takeonC.concentrateonD.pickup

3.Alackofqualificationcanbeamajortofindingagoodjobincross-border

e-commercearea.

A.reputationB.obstacleC.categoryD.domination

4.Theygenerallymakeanoutline,fillitoutwithparagraphs,spellcheck,thenprintand.

A.deleteB.summitC.maintainD.submit

5.Theprojectwillthecity'stelephonenetworktocoveronemillionusers.

A.expandB.expectC.expressD.example

6.Thestoryshouldactasawarningtootherbuyers.

A.prosperousB.protestC.prospectiveD.progressive

7.Allemployeeswhohadarecordoffiveyears'employmentwiththefirmwillgetan

extrabonus.

A.completeB.continuousC.optionalD.selective

8.Ourbusinessphilosophyis:excellentproducts,professionalteam,devotingspiritsand

services.

A.credibleB.collectiveC.complementaryD.complicated

9.Thenewtradeagreementshouldmorerapideconomicgrowth.

A.frustrateB.facilitateC.fascinateD.fatigue

10.ltwilltakeaweekforyourapplicationtobe.

A.processedB.progressedC.promotedD.prolonged

II.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordtakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.

(1.5foreach,15pointsinall)

transactionimplementsmoothlyachievereplaces

preferenceconcessionclaimstimulatepreserve

1.Thedesignersofourcompanydecidedtotheirdistinctidentities.

2.Underhisleadership,manyknottyproblemsweresolved.

3.Ifsreallyimpossibleforusmakeanybyallowingyouanycommission.

4.Theychargeafixedrateforeach.

5.Workerswhohavebeenunfairlydismissedmaycompensation.

6.America'spriorityisrightlytoitseconomy.

7.Onespeciesoftreeanotherasaforestages.

8.Thegovernmentpromisedtoanewsystemtocontrolfinancialloaninstitutions.

9.ThePentagonhassaiditwillgivetocompanieswithwhichitcandobusiness

electronically.

10.Theycouldnottheirtargetoflessthan3%inflation.

III.ReadingComprehension(2foreach,30pointsinall)

Directions:InthissectionthereareThreepassagesfollowedbyFifteenmultiplechoicequestions.For

eachmultiplechoicequestion,thereareFOURsuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethe

onethatyouthinkisthebestanswer

PassageOne

AlibabaGroupHoldingLtdsaidonMondayitissettingupadedicatedresearchtaskforceto

spearheadinnovativeandpotentiallyrevolutionarynewpathstogrowth,withthegoaloftransforming

thee-commercetradingplatformintoawell-roundedandtechnology-drivenpowerhouse.

Thegroupsaidthatthroughanewandindependentresearchanddevelopmentdepartmentdubbed

NASA,theinternetjuggernautissettingitssightsondevelopingcoretechnologiesthatwouldserve2

billionpeoplein20years.

FounderandChairmanJackMasaidtheR&Dinitiativeaccordswithabroaderplantoturn

Alibabaintowhathecalled"theworld'sfifthlargesteconomy1',creating100millionjobsandenabling

10millionenterprisestobecomeprofitableintwodecades.

“JustlikehowtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationfueledfundamentalprogressof

scienceandtechnologyandfacilitatedpeople'slives,neweconomiesmustbebuiltuponnew

technology-enabledinfrastructure,"saidMa,whowasspeakingatthecompany'sfirstinternal

technologyconferenceheldinitsheadquartersinHangzhoulastweek.

Ma,whosecommentswerereleasedinastatementbythecompanyonMonday,addedthat

Alibabaisreadytoshouldertheresponsibilityofmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs.

Areasoffocuswouldinclude,butnotbeconfinedto,machinelearning,chips,theinternetof

things,operatingsystemsandbiometricidentification,Masaid.

Alibaba'sChiefTechnologyOfficerZhangJianfengsaid:nTodaywe'vereachedatippingpoint

whentechnologymakesarealdifference."

ThenewR&Dagencyintendstomoveawayfromtheoldbusinessmodel,underwhich

technologyfocusedonsupportingbusinessoperations.

Instead,AlibabasaiditwantedtoestablishapureholisticR&Dmechanismthatfurnishedthe

groupwithcutting-edgetechnologicalsolutionsthatwouldbeinthepipelineforthecomingoneortwo

decades.

Thecompanycurrentlyemploysmorethan20,000engineers,morethan500ofwhomhavePhDs.

Nineofits36partnersonthemanagementboardareexperiencedengineers.

Alibabahasbeenpushinghardonthetechnologyfront,fromusingfacialrecognitiontechnologies

indigitalpayments,adoptingartificialintelligencetohelpmitigatetrafficcongestionaroundHangzhou,

toleveragingbigdatainanti-piracycampaigns.

Amongthelatesteffortisapilotprogramrolledoutlastweekbythecompany'scloud-computing

armAlibabaCloudinpartnershipwithIntelCorp,underwhichthetwoagreedtobuildacloud-based

accelerationservicethatenablescloud-servicecustomerstohavevirtualaccesstoalargersetof

computerresourcesmoreeffectively.

ZhangMengmeng,aseniorresearcheratCounterpointTechnologyMarketResearch,saidthatas

Alibabagrowsitscorebusinessesintoacollaborativeecosystem,itwillneedtechnologyasthe

firepowertoenhanceitscomplementarycapabilities.

“It'savisionarymove.Alibabaisnolongercontentwithbeingrecognizedasanonlinetrading

platform/shesaid."Itneedsnewtechnologiestofulfillandbalanceitsmultiplerolesasavirtual

shoppingmall,acloudcomputingprovider,apaymenttool,andalogisticsnetwork."

China'sinternettriumvirateknownasBAT(forBaiduInc,AlibabaandTencentHoldingsLtd)are

allsparingnoeffortsintheirpushfortechnologicalbreakthroughs.SearchengineBaiduisdelvinginto

artificialintelligenceresearch,bychampioninganationallabfordeeplearning.

1.Meaningof'juggernaut“fromline2,paragraph2ofthepassageissimilarto.

A.companyB.workerC.giantD.employer

2.JackMabelievesthat.

A.Alibabaistheworld'sfifthlargesteconomy.

B.20yearslater2billionpeoplewillbeworkingdirectlyforAlibaba

C.technologyinnovationwillbringaboutneweconomies

D.NASAwilljoinhandswithAlibabatodevelopnewtechnologies

3.TheR&Dagency.

A.hastheaimthattechnologyfocusesonsupportingbusinessoperations

B.WillworkforAlibabaonlyinthecomingoneortwodecades

C.hasJackMaastheagencychief

D.willpossessthemostadvancedtechnologiesinthecomingyears

4.Accordingtothepassage,Alibabahasbeenapplyingnewtechnologiesintopracticalfields

excluding.

A.onlinepayment

B.publicsecurity

C.trafficmanagement

D.intellectualpropertyprotection

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

A.TechnologyisthekeyelementforAlibabatofosteritscompetitiveability.

B.BATareallspendingalotofmoneyandenergyfortechnologicalinnovations.

C.Alibabawillbeacomprehensivesystem.

D.Alibabaisnolongeranonlinetradingplatform.

PassageTwo

TheAmericaneconomyisinabefuddlingstate.Firmsareonasix-yearhiringspreethatshows

littlesignofabating;payrollsswelledbyanaverageof190,000amonthbetweenMayandJuly.

Competitionforworkersispushingupwages.ThemedianpayriseintheyeartoJulywas3.4%,

accordingtotheFederalReserveBankofAtlanta.Americansarespendingthatcash;inthesecond

quarter,consumptionperpersongrewatanannualpaceof5.5%,equalingitsfastestgrowthinadecade.

YetrealGDPisexpandingbyonly1.2%ayear.Theculpritseemstobebusinessinvestment,whichhas

fallenforthreeconsecutivequarters.Iffirmsarehiringandconsumersarespending,whyisinvestment

weak?

Therearethreepotentialexplanationsforthiswidespreadreluctancetoinvest.Thefirstisweak

demandforthefirms'goods.Thisexplainsexporters?restraint,givenlacklustreglobaldemandanda

priceydollar.Butitmakeslesssenseathome,withconsumerspendingstrong,andfirmshappytohire

andtoraisewages.

Thesecondistightercredit.SincetheFederalReserveraisedinterestratesinDecember,the

averageratebankschargefirmstoborrowisupbyabouthalfapercentagepoint.Afterfiveyearsof

looseningstandards,morebankshavetightenedthaneasedcreditstandardsforbusinesslendingin

2016,accordingtoaFedsurvey.InFebruary,financial-marketturmoilcausedcreditspreadsinbond

markets,thebestmeasureofcreditconditions,tosurge.

Yetitisunlikelythatslightlytightercredithassubstantiallycrimpedinvestment,becauseAmerican

firmsareflushwithcash.Attheendoflastyeartheyhad$1.7trilliononhand,enoughtopayfor

HillaryClinton'sinfrastructureplansixtimesover(thoughmuchofthiscashisheldoverseasfortax

reasons).Indeed,firmsareaccumulatingcashatthefastestratesinceJuly2011,accordingtothe

AssociationforFinanceProfessionals,anindustrygroup.

Thatleavesthethirdexplanation:thatinspiteofstrongspending,slowtrendgrowthisreducing

opportunitiesforprofitablelong-terminvestments.Onthisview,therecentdownturninbusiness

investmentwaslessofacyclicalblipthanasignofthingstocome.

Economiesgetbiggerwhentheyaddpeopleorgetmorefromtheirexistingworkforce.Americais

doinglessofboth.TheBureauofLabourStatisticsprojectsthatthelabourforcewillgrowbyan

averageof0.5%ayearfrom2014to2024,downfrom1.2%annuallyfrom1994to2004,becauseof

ageingbaby-boomersandlowfertility.Andproductivitygrowthhasstalled.From2005to2015,output

perhourworkedgrewbyonly1.3%ayear,downfromgrowthof3%ayearbetween1995to2005.In

theyeartothesecondquarterof2016,productivityactuallyfell,by0.4%.

Optimistsarguethatthisispartofalengthyhangoverfromtherecession,whichshouldsoonend.

Onecontributortoproductivityistheamountofcapital-forexample,machineryorcomputers-that

eachworkerhasattheirdisposal.Therecessionsentthisratiosoaringasfirmslaidoffworkersandleft

machinessittingidle.Whywouldfirmsinvestagainbeforetheyhadreplenishedtheirpayrolls?But

thisexplanationisbecominglessconvincing.Thecapital-to-workerratioreturnedtoitslong-runtrend

in2014(thelastyearforwhichdataareavailable).Itispasttimeforproductivitygrowthtohave

recovered;instead,itsinkingfurther.

Pessimiststhinktheproductivityproblemischronic.Technologicaladvances,theysay,are

ever-lessrevolutionary:Uberislessofanadvancethanthecaritself,thesmartphonehasnotchanged

officeworkthewaythePCdid.Nonsense,reply“techno-optimists"，whoforeseehugeadvancesin

machinelearningandrobotics.

Fornow,thedatasupportthepessimists.Thebestmeasureoftechnologicaladvanceistotalfactor

productivity,whichmeasuresoutputaftercontrollingforboththenumberofworkersandtheamountof

capital.In2015itgrewbyjust0.2%,comparedwithanaverageof1.1%inthetwodecadespriortothe

financialcrisis.

Businessesanticipatingslowerlong-termgrowthcannotbeexpectedtoinvestmuch.And

politicianscannoteasilyconjureuptechnologicalprogress.Buttheycanboostcompetition,simplify

taxesandregulation,andinvestininfrastructureandeducation,allofwhichwouldhelptoraise

Americanproductivity.

6.Whichevidencedidtheauthorusetoretort“tightercredit"asapotentialexplanationforthe

widespreadreluctancetoinvest?

A.Strongdomesticconsumerspending

B.Goodjobopportunitiesandwageraise

C.FastcashaccumulationrateofAmericanfirms

D.Reducedopportunitiesforinvestments

7.Whydopessimiststhinkthefallinproductivityischronic?

A.Hightechdoesn'tmakebetterchanges.

B.Itispartoftheeconomicrecession.

C.Productivitygrowthhasstalled.

D.Productivityactuallyfellby0.4%.

8.ThefollowingareallwaysforpoliticianstoraiseAmericanproductivityEXCEPT.

A.boostingcompetition

B.Simplifyingtaxesandregulation

C.Investingininfrastructureandeducation

D.Conjuringuptechnologicalprogress

9.Howdotheoptimistsexplainthefallinproductivity?

A.Itwillnotend.

B.Itispartofalengthyhangoverfromtherecession.

C.Theamountofcapitaltoeachworkerhasnothingtodowithit.

D.Thefirmsreplenishedtheirpayrolls.

10.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthethreepotentialexplanationsfbrthewidespreadreluctance

toinvest?

A.Theauthoragreeswiththefirstone.

B.Theauthoragreeswiththesecondone.

C.Theauthoragreeswiththethirdone.

D.Noneoftheabove.

PassageThree

Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutives

withknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.Americans,however,

havenotbeenwelltrainedineitherareaand,consequently,havenotenjoyedthesamelevelofsuccess

innegotiationinaninternationalarenaashavetheirforeigncounteiparts.

Negotiatingistheprocessofcommunicatingbackandforthforthepurposeofreachingan

agreement.Itinvolvespersuasionandcompromise,butinordertoparticipateineitherone,the

negotiatorsmustunderstandthewaysinwhichpeoplearepersuadedandhowcompromiseisreached

withinthecultureofthenegotiation.

Inmanyinternationalbusinessnegotiationsabroad,Americansareperceivedaswealthyand

impersonal.ItoftenappearstotheforeignnegotiatorthattheAmericanrepresentsalarge

multi-million-dollarcorporationthatcanaffordtopaythepricewithoutbargainingfurther.The

Americannegotiator'srolebecomesthatofanimpersonalsupplierofinfbnnationandcash.

InstudiesofAmericannegotiatorsabroad,severaltraitshavebeenidentifiedthatmayserveto

confirmthisstereotypicalperception,whileunderminingthenegotiator\position.Twotraitsin

particularthatcausecross-culturalmisunderstandingaredirectnessandimpatienceonthepartofthe

Americannegotiator.Furthermore,Americannegotiatorsofteninsistonrealizingshort-termgoals.

Foreignnegotiators,ontheotherhand,mayvaluetherelationshipestablishedbetweennegotiatorsand

maybewillingtoinvesttimeinitfbrlong-termbenefits.Inordertosolidifytherelationship,theymay

optforindirectinteractionswithoutregardforthetimeinvolvedingettingtoknowtheothernegotiator.

Clearly,perceptionsanddifferencesinvaluesaffecttheoutcomesofnegotiationsandthesuccess

ofnegotiators.ForAmericanstoplayamoreeffectiveroleininternationalbusinessnegotiations,they

mustputforthmoreefforttoimprovecross-culturalunderstanding.

11.Whatkindofmanagerisneededinpresentinternationalbusinessandforeigninvestment?

A.Themanwhorepresentsalargemulti-million-dollarcorporation.

B.Themanwithknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.

C.Themanwhoiswealthyandimpersonal.

D.Themanwhocannegotiatewithhisforeigncounterparts.

12.Accordingtothepassage,internationalbusinessnegotiationinvolves.

A.short-termgoals

B.long-termbenefits

C.informationandcash

D.persuasionandcompromise

13.Intheforeignnegotiators9eyestheirAmericancounterpartsare.

A.impersonalsuppliersofinformationandcash

B.skillfulinnegotiation

C.goodatestablishingrelationshipbetweennegotiators

D.indirectandimpatient

14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A.Foreignnegotiatorsarewillingtoinvesttimeinrelationshipbetweennegotiators.

B.Americannegotiator'sdirectnessandimpatiencecausecross-culturalmisunderstanding.

C.Americanshasplayedamoreeffectiveroleininternationalbusinessnegotiations.

D.ForeignnegotiatorsthinkthatAmericancanaffordtopaythepricewithoutbargaining

15.Whatisthetopicofthispassage?

A.ThedifferencesbetweenAmericannegotiatorsandforeignnegotiators

B.Negotiationskills

C.Internationalbusinessandcross-culturalcommunication

D.Cross-cul