《微專題小練習》英語 練習39　語法填空＋閱讀理解

練習39語法填空＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.語法填空2022·牡丹江一中月考186詞★★★☆☆Tianwen1,China'sfirst(independence)Marsmission,waslaunchedonJuly23atWenchangSpaceLaunchCenterinHainanProvince,thus(begin)thenation'splanetary(行星的)explorationprogram.Ifeverythinggoesaccordingschedule,the5-metric-tonspacecraft,consistingofanorbiter(軌道飛行器)andalandingcapsule,will(travel)morethan400millionkilometersbeforegetting(catch)inMars'gravitationalfield.Themission'smaingoalisfortherovertomakeasoftlandingonMartiansoiltomakescientificsurveys.Thespacecrafthasbeguntoconduct(experiment)withtheMarsEnergeticParticleAnalyzer,mounted(安置)ontheorbiter,whichhasalreadytransmitteddatabacktothegroundcontrol.Itisthefirstofthe13scientificdevicesontheprobeto(start)operationsandwillbelongest-workingdeviceduringthejourneytowardMars'gravitationalfield.OnJuly27,Tianwen1sentaphotobacktothegroundcontrolofEarthandthemoonthatwas(take)byitsopticalnavigationsensorwhenthecraftwasaboutmillionkilometersfromEarth.Thatphotoisthefirstimagefromthespacecrafthasbeenmadepublic.Ⅱ.閱讀理解A2022·全國甲卷說明文325詞★★★★☆Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Inserting,thecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對稱的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(線索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.1．Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A．Byfollowinginstructions.B．Byusingatool.C．Byturningtheboxaround.D．Byremovingthelid.2．Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelypleteaccordingtothetext?A．Usingakeytounlockadoor.B．Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C．Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D．Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.3．Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A．Howfartheyareabletosee.B．Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C．Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D．Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.4．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Cockatoos：QuickErrorCheckersB．Cockatoos：IndependentLearnersC．Cockatoos：CleverSignal-ReadersD．Cockatoos：SkilfulShape-SortersB2022·湖北七校聯(lián)考議論文325詞★★★☆☆Standinginmyoffice25yearsagowasanunknown,newlyrisingastronomerwithahalf-smileonherface.Shehadewithademandthatmyteamchangeourtestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantandin-demandscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedfor,andriskbreakingitdown.Alltocarryoutanexperimentthatwasbasicallyawasteoftimeandcouldn'tbedone—toprovethatamassiveblackholehidatthecenterofourMilkyWay.Myinitial“noway”graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutfirmdetermination.Itwasmyfirstencounterwithaforceofnature,AndreaGhez,oneofthreewinnersoftheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin2020.ThatdeterminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.For25yearsshehasfocusedalmostonlyonSagittariusA—thenameofourownlocalsupermassiveblackhole.AndAndreaisoneofthegreatpioneersinthissearchwithoutquestion.AndreadidherworkattheW．M.KeckObservatory'stwintelescopesonMaunakea,Hawaii.ShestartedusingtheveryfirstinstrumentlicensedonKeckObservatory'sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC).NIRCwasneverdesignedtodowhatAndreaneededbutshewasnottobedenied.Anditworked!Itwasextremelyhardandtime-consumingtomakesenseofthedata,butAndreapersisted.AsAndreawouldbetheveryfirsttoacknowledge,thisvictoryrepresentsthebinedeffortsofsomany.Butactuallyonepersonhadtheideafortheresearch.Onepersonhadthechutzpah(無所顧忌)toproposeitandonepersonhadthedeterminationandfocustomakeithappen,notdiscouragedbyallwhosaiditwasawasteoftime.ThatpersonisAndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeforPhysics.5．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofAndreaGhez'srequestatfirst?A．It'sdemanding.B．It'sinteresting.C．It'sacceptable.D．It'smeaningless.6．WhatdowelearnaboutAndreaGhez'sresearchfromParagraph2?A．Ittakesdecadesofefforts.B．Itdealswithpowerofnature.C．It'sapurelyindividualproject.D．It'saboutmeasurementofahole.7．Whichofthefollow