2023年考研外語模擬試題及答案3

考研外語模擬試題及答案3

一、UseofEnglish

1>Everybodydances.Ifyouhave(1)swervedtoavoid

steppingonacrackinthesidewalk,youhavedanced.Ifyou

haveeverkneeledtopray,youhavedanced.Fortheseactions

havefiguredimportantly(2)thehistoryofdance.Dance

goes(3)tothebeginningsofcivilization一(4)the

tribe一wherenativesdancedtoget(5)theywanted.

Primitivedancewas(6)allpractical,notthesocial

dancingweknowtoday.Nativesapproacheddancewith(7)

seriousnessasawaytohelpthetribeinthecrucialprocess

(8)survival.Dancewasbelievedtobethe(9)direct

waytorepellocusts,to(10)raintofall,toinsurethat

amaleheirwouldbeborn,and(11)guaranteevictoryin

aforthcomingbattle.

Primitive(12)wasgenerallydonebymanypeoplemoving

inthesamemanneranddirection.(13)alldanceshad

leaders,solodances(14)rare.Muchusewasmadeof

(15)partofthebody.Andso(16)werethesetribal

dancesthat,ifanative(17)_____missasinglestep,hewould

beputtodeath(18)thespot.Fortunately,thesamerigid

(19)thatgovernedthelivesofthesepeopledonotapply

inthe(20)relaxedsettingsoftoday'sdiscotheques.

A.ever

B.never

C.before

D.after

2、(2)

A.about

B.for

C.in

D.around

3、(3)

A.forward

B.back

C.up

D.down

4、(4)

A.at

B.for

C.of

D.to

5、(5)

A.when

B.why

C.which

D.what

6、(6)

A.about

B.above

C.under

D.over

7、(7)

A.little

B.great

C.less

D.least

8、(8)

A.to

B.over

C.of

D.at

9、(9)

A.most

3

B.least

C.first

D.last

10、(10)

A.cause

B.happen

C.try

D.make

IK(H)

A.for

B.of

C.to

D.at

12、(12)

A.food

B.dance

C.spells

D.harvest

13、(13)

A.Since

B.Despite

C.Thus

工4

D.Although

14、(14)

A.are

B.was

C.were

D.is

15、(15)

A.only

B.every

C.some

D.all

16、(16)

A.comic

B.boring

C.solemn

D.tiring

17、(17)

A.would

B.should

C.might

D.could

18、(18)

5

A.in

B.at

C.on

D.around

19、(19)

A.sticks

B.messages

C.reviews

D.rules

20、(20)

A.less

B.more

C.least

D.most

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

Eventohiscontemporaries,Rochesterwasalegendaryfigure

Oneoftheyoungestandmosthandsomecourtiersoftherestored

CharlesII.Hewasthefavoriteofakingwhosewit,

lasciviousnessandseriousintellectualinterestsheshared.

Hewasbanishedfromcourtseveraltimes,butCharles's

pleasureinhisconversationalwaysresultedinhisrecall.His

authenticadventuresincludedtheattemptedabductionofan

heiress(whomhelatermarried),smashingaphallic-shaped

sundialintheroyalgardensduringadrunkencelebrity,and

aviolentquarrelwiththewatchatEpsominwhichoneofhis

companionswaskilled.

Quiteapartfromhisreputationasapoet,hewasfetedinthe

writingsofhisfriends,notablyinSirGeorgeEtherege，s

comedy,“TheManofMode”.Justbeforehediedin1680,atthe

ageof33,destroyedbyalcoholismandsyphilis,Rochester's

legendtookasurprisingturn.Afteraseriesofconversations

withanAnglicanrationalistdivine,GilbertBurner,the

skepticallibertinemadeadeath-bedconversionwhichwas

celebratedinthedevotionalliteratureofthesucceeding

century.

CharmingasitistheRochesterlegendhasalwaysbeena

distraction.Ithasresultedinmanyapocryphalstoriesand

uncertainattributions,anditcanstilldivertattentionfrom

thepoetry.ItisRochester'sachievementasapoetwhich

commandsourinterestandmakeshimsomethingmorethana

luridlycolorfulperiod,figure.Forallthebrevityofhis

career,Rochesterisacrucialfigureinthedevelopmentof

EnglishversesatireandfileHoratianepistle,astudentof

hiselderFrenchcontemporaryBoileau,andanimportant

exemplarforlaterpoetsasdifferentasAlexanderPopeandAnne

Finch,CountessofWinchi1sea.

CephasGoldsworthy，s"TheSatyr"givesusthelegend.Although

therearenofootnotestosources,thebookshowssome

acquaintancewithmodemRochesterscholarshipandits

rejectionofspuriousversefromhiscanon一butonly

intermittently.AnecdotesconcerningRochesterandhiscrony

GeorgeVilliers,DukeofBuckingham,areretailedwithoutany

indicationthattheyhave,infact,beendiscredited;poemsno

longerattributedtoRochesterarecitedasiftheywere

authentic.Mr.Goldsworthyquotesliberallyfromthepoetry,

butrepeatedlyreadsitasstraightforwardautobiography.For

example,wearetoldthat“Mydearmistresshasaheart"is

addressedto.ElizabethBarry,anactress,whichisincautious

giventheuncertaindatingofthissong,andindeedofmostof

Rochester(spoems.Moregenerally,whileofcoursesomeofthe

satiresincludereferencestoactualpersons,asoftenasnot

in17th-centurylovepoetrytheemotionisgenuinebutthe

addresseeisfictitious.

AlesssimplisticwaytorelateRochester，spoetrytohislife

wou1dbetoreadtheformerasanexploitationofwhatitmeans

toliveaccordingtolibertinevalues.Inhisbestsatiresand

evensomeofthelyricshearticulatedananti-rational

nihilisticvisionscarcelyfoundelsewhereinEnglishverse.

Suchataskbelongstoacriticalbiography.Thereisno

mistakingMr.Goldsworthy,senthusiasmforhissubject,buthis

bookisessentiallybiographyasentertainment.

RochesterwasNOT.

A.atroublemaker

B.afictionallegendaryfigure

C.anexcellentSolomon

D.thefavoriteofCharlesII

2、

Rochesterdidn'thaveareputationof.

A.comedian

B.legend

C.libertine

D.poet

3、

Theword"nihilistic”(Para.5)means.

A.rational

B.practical

C.opposedmoralbeliefs

D.pro-government

4、

Rochester，slegendgaveothersasurprisingturnwhen.

A.hewasdying

B.hegotsyphilis

C.heappearedinananti-rationalstate

D.hechangedhislife-style

5、

RochesterwasNOT.

A.crucialinthedevelopmentofEnglishversesatire

B.acomedywriter

C.Boileau'sstudent

D.animportantmodelforlaterpoets

6、WhereisthesecondcentreofHollywoodfilmmakingin

EuropeafterLondon,Paris,orperhapsBerlin?TryPrague.Last

year,Hollywoodspentover$200monshootingmovies,

commercialsandpopvideosintheCzechcapital.Thisyear,all

thebigstudioswillbeintown.MGMhas"Hart'sWar"starring

BruceWillis;Disneyisshooting"BlackSheep"withAnthony

Hopkins;andFoxhasjustfinishedfilming"FromHell”,aJack

theRippersagastarringJohnnyDepp.

PraguerstakeTinseltownintheirstride.Oldladieslooked

onlyslightlyconfusedlastmonthwhenthecobbledstreetsof

MalaStrana,Prague'soldquarter,wereclearedofrealsnow

andsprayedwithamorecinematicallypleasingchemical

alternativeforUniversaTs“BourneIdentity”,a$50mthriller

starringMattDamon.Thefilm'sproducer,PatCrowley,reckons

adayfilminginPraguecostshim$100,000,against$250,000

inParis.Czechcrews,hesays,areprofessional,

English-speakingandnumerous.Theyarealsoabargain-40%

cheaperthansimilarcrewsinLondonorLosAngeles,pointsout

MatthewStillman,theBritishbossofStillking,aPrague-based

productionfirm.

Mr.StillmanfoundedStillkingin1993afterarrivinginPrague

with$500andatypewriter.Today,Hollywoodproducerscometo

thecompanyforcrews,catering,lightsandmuchmore.Itclaims

tohaveabouthalfofthelocalfilm-productionbusinessand

thisyearhopesforrevenuesofover$50m.

ThebiggestdrawtoPrague,however,isBarrandov一oneofthe

largestfilmstudiosinEurope,with11sound-stages,onsite

photolabsandtop-notchtechnicians.Itwasfoundedduring

Czechoslovakia'spre-warfirstrepublicbyMilosHavel,an

uncleofthepresentCzechpresident,VaclavHavel.TheNazis

expandeditasaproductioncentreforpropagandaflicks一the

sound-stagesarecourtesyofJosephGoebbels.Thencamethe

Communistswiththeirownpropagandaand,admittedly,afew

impressivehomegrowndirectorssuchasMilosForman,whobegan

Hollywood，smarchtoPraguebyfilming"Amadeus"there.

ButitispartlythankstoBarrandovthatPragueremainssome

waybehindLondonasafilmcentre.Thestudiohassufferedfrom

doubtfulmanagementandisalreadystretchedtocapacity("You

can,tevengetanofficethere”,moansoneproducer).Its

presentowner,alocalsteelcompany,iskeentosellbuttalks

withaCanadianinstitutionhavebeenthorny,notleastbecause

theCzechgovernmentholdsagoldenshare.ShouldtheCanadian

dealfallthrough,Stillkingsaysitwouldconsiderabidof

itsown.

WhichoneisNOTtrueaboutPrague?

A.It'sagatheringplaceforbigstudiostomakefilm-stars.

B.It'stheCzechcapital.

C.It'saverypopularplaceforHollywoodfilmmaking.

D.It'sanattractiveplaceforbothfilmmakersandthestars.

7、

PatCrowleyhaschosenPraguetobetheplaceforhisnewfilm

justbecause.

A.thisplaceiscoveredwithsnow,whichisWhattheyware

B.hetakescostsintoconsideration

C.MattDamonlovestheplace

D.ithasthecobbledstreets

8、

CzechFilmworkersareNOT.

A.skilled

B.abletospeakforeignlanguages

C.professional

D.goodatbargaining

9、

Stillkingisacompany.

A.providinginstrumentsandworkersforstudios

B.providingactors

C.involvedinfilm-making

D.gatheringmoneyfromlocalfilmstudios

10、

PragueremainsbehindLondonbecause.

A.thestudioleadergraspedallthecapitals

B.ofthebadstrategiesofsellingstudios

C.Canadianconsortiumcannotgetthegoldensharefromthe

government

D.ofinefficientmanagement

11、TheelephantsofThailandusednevertobeshortofwork

haulingtimber.Butmostofthecountry'sforestshavebeencut

down,andloggingisnowbannedtosavethefewthatareleft.

Thenumberofdomesticatedelephantsleftinthecountryisnow

only2,500orso,downfromabout100,000acenturyago.Though

beingthenationalanimalofThailandearnsanelephantplenty

ofrespect,thisdoesnotputgrassonthetable.Thaielephants

thesedaystaketouristsontreksorperform,incircuses,and

aresometimestobeseenbeggingforbananasonthestreetsof

Bangkok.

Someofthe46elephantslivingattheThaiElephant

ConservationCentre,aformergovernmentloggingcampnear

Lampang,havefoundanewlifeinmusic.TheThaiElephant

OrchestraisthecreationoftwoAmericans,RichardLair,who

hasworkedwithAsianelephantsfor23years,andDavidSoldier,

amusicianandneuroscientistwithatastefortheavant-garde.

Theyprovidedsixofthecenter'selephants,aged7to18,with

avarietyofpercussionandwindinstruments.Thosefamiliar

withThaiinstrumentswillrecognizetheslitdrums,thegong,

thebowbass,thexylophone-likerants,aswellasthethunder

sheet.Theonlydifferenceisthattheelephantversionsare

abitstronger.

Theelephantsaregivenacuetostartandthentheyprepare.

Theyclearlyhaveastrongsenseofrhythm.Theyflaptheirears

tothebeat,swishtheirtailsandgenerallyrockbackandforth.

Someaddtothemelodywiththeirowntrumpeting.Elephant

mood-musiccouldhaveacommercialfuture,Mr.Soldierbelieves.

HehasevenproducedaCDontheMulattalabel一itisavailable

atwww.mulatta.org一with13elephanttracks.Itisreal

elephantmusic,hesays,withonlythehumannoisesremovedby

soundengineers.Butisitmusic?BobHalliday,musiccritic

oftheBangkokPost,saysitis.Hecommendstheelephantsfor

being"socommunicative”.Anyonenotknowingthatitwas

elephantmusic,hesays,wouldassumethathumanswereplaying.

Someoftheelephantsinthebandhavealsotriedtheirhand

atpainting,tendingtofavortheabstractoverthe

representationalstyle.Theirbroad-strokeacrylicpaintings

lastyearhelpedraisesome$25,000atacharityauctionat

Christie，sinNewYork,andaLondongalleryhasalsotakensome

oftheirwork.Theseartsales,togetherwithprofitsfromthe

CD,arehelpingtokeepthecentregoing.AsecondCDisonthe

way.Itwillbelessclassical,morepop.

TheelephantsofThailandnowareshortoftheworktheyused

todobecause.

A.theyaretrainedtotaketouristsontrek

B.theyaretrainedtoplaymusic

C.theforest-cuttingisillegal

D.thereisnotenoughtimberforthemtohaul

12、

Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheseelephantsis.

A.astonished

B.indescribable

C.supportive

D.appreciative

13、

ThetwoAmericancreatedtheOrchestrainorderto

A.earnmoney

B.protectelephants

C.enjoythemselves

D.noneoftheabove

14、

Trumpetinthethirdparagraphrefersto.

A.jump

B.growl

C.move

D.shake

15、

Theelephants,donotmakemoneyfrom.

A.gettingcharityfromvisitors

B.sellingtheirpaintings

C.sellingtheirownCDs

D.alltheirentertainmentwork

16、Women,accordingtoChairmanMao,holduphalfthe

sky一butinCaliforniasomearebetterrewardedforthiseffort

thanothers.AccordingtoanewstudyfromthePublicPolicy

InstituteofCalifornia,AsianwomenbornintheUnitedStates

outstripalltheirsistersintermsofearningpower.

TheaveragehourlywageforAmerican-bornAsianladiesin

2022(thelatestyearwithreliablefigures)was$19.30,with

American-bornwhitescomingnext.Onthebottomrungsofthe

laddercameLatinas:ifbornabroad,theyearnedamere$10.40

anhour(thoughthiswascomfortablyaboveCalifornia'sthen

$6.25minimumwage);ifborninAmerica,theymanaged$15,10

anhour.

Educationisthebiggestreasonfortheethnicdisparities.

Some55%ofCalifornia，sAmerican-bornAsianwomenhaveat

leastabachelor，sdegree,andanimpressive84%ofthemeither

havejobsorarelookingforthem.Bycontrast,only14%of

American-bornHispanicwomenhaveabachelor'sdegreeandonly

74%ofthemareinthelabourmarket.Meanwhile,Latinasborn

abroadareoftencondemnedtolow-payingjobsbyaneven

inefficienteducationorapoorknowledgeofEnglish.Muchthe

samecanbesaidofAsianwomenborninSouth-EastAsia,a

categorythatincludesrefugeesfromLaos,VietnamandCambodia.

Theinstitutecalculatesthattheyearnedanaverageof$15.80,

almost$1lessthanotherforeign-bornAsians.

ButeducationisnottheonlyfactorinplayforCalifornia，s

women.LargerfamiliesmakeitmoredifficultforLatinasto

goouttoworkinthefirstplace;blacksoftenlivetoofar

awaytocommutetowell-paidjobs;andjustasAsiansmay

benefitfromhighexpectations,soothergroupsmaysufferfrom

lowones.

Theinstitutemakesanattempt,heroicorpoliticallycorrect,

toadjustforsuchfactors,imagining,forexample,thata

foreign-bornLatinahasthesamefamilystructure,education

andplaceofresidenceastheaverageCalifornianwoman.That

bringstheaveragewageforforeign-bornLatinasuptoamore

respectable$15.20;yetAmerican-bornAsiansstillrulethe

roost.Butbeforethegoldengirlsgettoohappy,theinstitute

reckonsthatCalifornianwomenofallsortstendtoearnroughly

20%lessthantheirmenfolkdo.

Whatcanbeinferredfrom”…inCaliforniasomearebetter

rewardedforthiseffortthanothers”?

A.SomewomeninCaliforniaearnmorethanmen.

B.SomewomeninCaliforniaearnmorethanwomeninother

places.

C.SomewomeninCaliforniaearnmorethanotherpeople.

D.SomewomeninCaliforniaearnmorethanordinarypeople.

17、

WhichoneisnotthereasonwhyAmerican-bornAsianwomenare

paidbetterthanLatinas?

A.American-bornAsianwomenhavebettereducation.

B.Latinashavelargerfamiliestotakecareof.

C.American-bornAsianwomenaremoreintelligent.

D.Latinasalwayslivefarawayfromtheirworkplace.

18、

Inthefollowingstatements,whichOneistrueaboutLatina

bornabroad?

A.TheyaretreatedunfairlyinAmerica.

B.TheirsalaryislowerthantheminimumlevelinCalifornia.

C.TheycannotSpeakEnglishverywell.

D.Iftheycanhavethesameconditionsastheaverage

Californiawoman,theycanearnthesameamountasthe

American-bornAsianwomen.

19、

Whatdoesitmeanby"ruletheroost”(Lastparagraph)?

A.bedominant

B.havearest

C.beincharge

D.occupythehighestposition

20、

Whoare"thegoldengirls”?

A.Californiawomen.

B.American-bornAsianwomen.

C.foreign-bornAsianwomen.

D.American-bornLatinas.

21、PartB(10points)

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.For

Questions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist(A、

B、C、D、E>F^G...)tofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.

Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthe

gaps.(10points)

Itishardlynecessarytopointoutthatweliveinaworldof

increasingindustrialization.Whi1ethisprocessenablesusto

raiseourstandardoflivingatanever-acceleratingrate,it

alsoleadstoacorrespondinggrowthofinterdependencebetween

thedifferentregionsoftheworld.

(41).

What,then,istobedone?Althoughitisdifficulttoknowwhere

tobegintodealwithsuchalargesubject,thefirststepis

perhapstoconsiderthemaineconomicdifficultiesan

underdevelopedoremergingregionhastoface.

(42).Anumberofquitecommonoccurrencesaretherefore

sufficienttocauseimmediateandseriousinterferencewith

thisexportproduction:unfavorableweatherconditions,plant

oranimalepidemics,theexhaustionofsoilfertilityor

mineraldeposits,thedevelopmentofsubstituteproductsinthe

industrializedregions,etc.Thesensitivityoftheeconomyis

greatlyintensifiedincaseswhereexportsareconfinedonly

tooneortwoproducts-"monocultures"astheyaresometimes

called.

(43).Thisalsoappliestothemanufacturedgoods

requiredtoprovidetheirpopulationswiththe''necessitiesof

life”.Thiseconomicstructuremakesitdifficultforthemto

avoidbeingpoliticallydependentonthecountrieswhichabsorb

theirexportsandprovidetheiressentialimports.

Since,undermodernconditions,arapidriseinpopulationis

aphenomenoncloselyassociatedwithunderdevelopment.This

causealonecansubjecttheeconomytosevereandcontinuous

stress.

(44).Inthefirstplace,tosetupmodernindustries

necessitatescapitalonalargescale,whichonly

industrializedregionsareabletoprovide;secondly,theylack

thenecessarytrainedmanpower;thirdly,their

industries一whenestablished—areusuallynotefficient

enoughtocompetewithforeignimports,andanyrestrictionon

theseimportsislikelytoleadtocounter-actionagainsttheir

ownexports.

Fromanotherpointofview,itisnecessarytobearinmindthat

thereareinvariablypolitical,educational,socialand

psychologicalobstacleswhichtendtointerfereseriouslywith

anymeasurestakentodealwiththeeconomicdifficulties

outlinedabove.(45).

Toconclude,itseemsclearthatifwearetosucceedinsolving

themanyinter-relatedproblemsofunderdevelopment,onlythe

fullestandmostintelligentuseoftheresourcesofall

branchesofsciencewillenableustodoso.(555words)

Notes:

beorientated..,toward被引導(dǎo)到.....monoculture單一作物耕

作。

A.Forexample,theeconomiesofsuchcountriesareorientated

primarilytowardtheproductionofrawmaterials,i.e.

agriculturalandmineralproducts;thesearethenexportedto

theindustrializedcountries.

B.Giventheseconditions,itiseasytoseethatanypermanent

economicorpoliticalinstabilityinoneareaisboundtohave

anincreasinglyseriouseffectupontherestoftheworld.Since

themainsourceofsuchinstabilityisunderdevelopment,itis

clearthatthisnowconstitutesaproblemofinternational

dimensions.

C.Asfaras''necessitiesoflife"areconcerned,theyrepresent

aconceptwhich:iscontinuallybeingenlargedthroughthemass

mediaofcommunicationsuchasnewspapers,films,theradioand

advertising.

D.Althoughitisobviousthatindustrializationisthekeyto

development,itisusuallyverydifficultforemerging

countriestocarryoutplansofthisnature.

E.Beingunder-industrialized,thesecountriesarelargely

dependentonimportstosupplytheequipmentnee

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen

translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

TheteachingofEnglishasasecondlanguage(ESL)inschools

hashadahistoryofconflictingarguments,interesting

innovationsandsomeverypositivemethodologicalchanges.To

understandthepresentsituation,itisnecessarytoconsider

thepastandthewidereducationalcontextwhichhasahearing

onit.

Untilquiterecently,approachestoESLworkhavebeenstrongly

influencedbymethodsdevelopedtoteachEnglishasaforeign

languagetoolderlearners.Thesemethodsplacedmuchemphasis

ondrills,exercisesandremedialprogramsthatfocuson

languageinabstraction.(46)Theprescriptivenatureofsuch

methodsandthedemandstheymadeontheteacher'stime

develope