【高一 拓展閱讀-生活和運(yùn)動(dòng)】Cheerleading the Most Dangerous Sport

Cheerleading:theMostDangerousSportWhenyouthinkofsportsinjuries,fullcontactsportslikefootballprobablycometomind.However,oneofthemostdangeroussportsintermsofseriousinjuryisnotfootball,soccer,orbasketball…it’scheerleading.Cheerleadinghasbecomesomuchmorethanshoutingencouragingphrasesfromthesidelines（邊線）.Modern-daycheerleadingfeaturesamazingfeatsofgymnasticsandflexibilityalongwithdanceandofcourse,stunts.abaskettosscansendacheerleaderflying20feetintheair,onlytolandinthearmsofherteammates,ifeverythinggoesright.It’snothardtoseehowcheerleadingcanbedangerous.Evenwithhumanpyramids,choreographed（事先編排的）gymnasticpassesandmore,somemightnotevenconsidercheerleadingatruesport；infacttheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation（NCAA）doesnotevenincludeitintheirlistofsponsoredsports.Butitdoesn’tchangethefactthatfrom1980to2013,cheerleadinginjuryrateswentupby440percent.Comparedtoothersports,theoverallnumberofinjuriesisactuallylow.Howevercheerleadinginjuriesareoftenmuchmoresevere,makingup50-66percentofcatastrophicinjuriesinfemaleathletes.Acatastrophicinjuryisdefinedasasevereinjurytothespine[includingthespinalcord（脊髓）]orbrainandmayalsoincludeskull（顱骨）orspinalfractures.Cheerleadinginjuriesaffectallareasofthebody.Thewrists,shoulders,ankles,head,andneckaremostcommonlyinjured.Sprainsaccountformorethanhalfofallcheerleadinginjuries.Whileanklesprainsaremostcommon,sprainscanalsooccurintheknees.wrists,neckandback.Backinjuriesarealsocommonincheerleading,largelyfromtumbling（翻騰運(yùn)動(dòng)）andstunts.Backinjuriescanbecausedbytwistingandrotatinginstuntsortumblingpassesandfromlifting,catching,orfallingduringstunts.Someofthecausesforcheerleadinginjuriesarelackoftraining（especiallywithstunts）,lackofconditioning（訓(xùn)練）andthatthereisnoprotectivegearforthesport.Thebestwaytoavoidinjuryistopreventitfromhappening.Likeanyothersport,propertrainingandconditioningcanhelppreventinjury.Firstandforemost,stretchingbeforepracticeandcompetitioncanloosenthemusclesandhelppreventstrains,sprainsandpulls.YogaorPilates（普拉提）canalsohelpcheerleadersimproveflexibility.Strengthtrainingcanalsohelppreparemusclesforliftingeitheryourbodyweightorateammateduringstunts.Specialattentionshouldbepaidtostrengtheningthebackandshouldersaswellasthecoremusclestohelpreducetheriskofinjury.ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion1.Whichisoneofthemostdangeroussportsintermsofseriousinjury?A.Football.B.Volleyball.C.Basketball.D.Cheerleading.2.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.NCAAhasincludedcheerleadingintheirlistofsponsoredsports.B.Theoverallnumberofinjuriesofcheerleadingisrelativelylow.CCheerleadinginjuriesaffectallareasofthebody.DCheerleadinginjuriesareoftenmoresevere.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacauseforcheerleadinginjuries?A.Thereisnoprotectivegearforthesport.B.Lackofconditioning.C.Lackoftraining.D.Badmood.4.Accordingtotheatticle,whichofthefollowingisNotawaytoavoidinjury?A.StrengthtrainingB.WearingprotectivegearC.PropertrainingandconditioningD.Stretchingbeforepracticeandcompetition5.Howmuchdidthecheerleadinginjuryrategoupfrom1980to2013?A.20percent.B.66percent.C.120percent.D.440percent.Vocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞injury n.傷害；損害；損傷；受傷處英harmdonetoaperson’sorananimal’sbodyforexampleinanaccident 記詞根記憶in（不）+jur（法律）+y（表行為）不法行為→傷害cheerleading n.當(dāng)啦啦隊(duì)隊(duì)員記詞根記憶cheer（歡呼）+lead（引導(dǎo)）+ing（表名詞）→引導(dǎo)歡呼→當(dāng)啦啦隊(duì)隊(duì)員phrase n.短語(yǔ)；詞組；慣用法 英agroupofwordsthathaveaparticularmeaningwhenusedtogetheramazing adj.令人吃驚的；令人驚奇/驚嘆的 英verysurprising,especiallyinawaythatyoulikeoradmiregymnastics n.體操；體操訓(xùn)練 搭agymnasticsdisplay一場(chǎng)體操表演pyramid n.金字塔 搭thePyramidsofEgypt埃及金字塔compare vt.比較 記詞根記憶com（共同）+par（平等）+e→平等地放在一起比較搭compare...to.…把…比作比喻成…compare...with...把…與…相比較define vt.解釋,給…下定義 英tosayorexplainwhatthemeaningofawordorphraseis記詞根記憶de（表加強(qiáng)）+fin（范圍）+e→確定…的范圍→給…下定義wrist n.手腕；腕關(guān)節(jié) 記與fist（拳頭）一起記ankle n.腳踝；踝關(guān)節(jié)competition n.比賽,競(jìng)賽英aneventinwhichpeoplecompetewitheachothertofindoutwhoisthebestatsth. 搭globaldesigncompetition全球設(shè)計(jì)比賽

Vocabulary進(jìn)階詞feat n.功績(jī)；壯舉記聯(lián)想記憶f+eat（吃）取得了功績(jī),好好吃一頓慶祝一下→功績(jī)flexibility n.彈性；柔性；靈活性 英theabilitytochangetosuitnewconditionsorsituations 記來(lái)自flexible（adj.靈活的）stunt vt.阻礙生長(zhǎng)；遏制n.特技表演；噱頭；愚蠢行為記聯(lián)想記憶stun（震驚）+t→電影里的特技表演讓人震驚→特技表演例Sorg’sillnesshadnotstuntedhiscreativity疾病沒(méi)有扼殺索格的創(chuàng)造力。overall adj.全面的；總體的英includingallthethingsorpeoplethatareinvolvedinaparticularsituationgenera 記組合詞over（從頭到尾）+all（所有的）→全面的catastrophic adj.悲慘的；災(zāi)難性的 英（ofanaturalevent）causingmanypeopletosufferspine n.脊椎,普柱；（動(dòng)植物的）刺,刺毛；書(shū)脊 記聯(lián)想記憶s+pine（松樹(shù)）像松樹(shù)一樣挺拔→脊柱 派spinal（adj.脊椎的）fracture n.斷裂,折斷；骨折v.（使）斷裂 英abreakinaboneorotherhardmaterial 記詞根記憶fact（打破）+ure（表名詞）→斷裂sprain n.\vt.扭傷 記聯(lián)想記憶sp+rain（雨）→雨天路滑,扭傷了腳→扭傷twist v.纏繞；扭曲,彎曲；扭動(dòng)n.捻；轉(zhuǎn)折記聯(lián)想記憶tw（看作two,兩個(gè)）+ist（表人）→兩個(gè)人扭打在一起→纏繞rotate v.（使）旋轉(zhuǎn)