豐縣4英語(yǔ)閱讀理解查漏選練（4）及答案

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精江蘇省豐縣2014高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解查漏選練（4）及答案介紹說(shuō)明類閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。EducationisanexpensivepartofAmericanlife.Itssizeismatchedbyitsvariety.DifferencesinAmericanschoolscomparedwiththosefoundinthemajorityofothercountrieslieinthefactthateducationherehaslongbeenintendedforeveryone。Schoolsareexpectedtomeettheneedsofeverychild，regardlessofability，andalsotheneedsofsocietyitself。Thismeansthatpublicschoolsoffermorethanacademicsubjects。Itsurprisesmanypeoplewhentheycomeheretofindhighschoolsofferingsuchcoursesastyping,sewing,radiorepair，computerprogramminganddrivertraining,alongwithtraditionalacademicsubjectssuchasmathematics，history,andlanguages.Studentschoosetheircoursesdependingontheirinterests，futuregoals，andlevelofability。ThebasicgoalofAmericaneducationistodevelopeverychildtotheutmostofhisorherownpossibilities，andtogiveeachoneasenseofcommunity.Schoolshavetraditionallyplayedanimportantroleincreatingnationalunityand“Americanizing"themillionsofimmigrantswhohavepouredintothiscountryfrommanydifferentbackgroundsandorigins。Schoolsstillplayalargeroleinthecommunity，especiallyinthesmalltowns。Theteachingmayseemunfamiliartomany,notonlybecauseitisinformal,butalsobecausethereisnotmuchemphasisonlearningfacts。Instead,Americanstrytoteachtheirchildrentothinkforthemselvesandtodeveloptheirownintellectualandcreativeabilities.Studentsspendmuchtimelearninghowtousematerials，libraries,statistics,andcomputers。Americansbelievethatifchildrenaretaughttoreasonwellandtoresearchwell,theywillbeabletofindwhateverfactstheyneedthroughouttherestoftheirlives。Knowinghowtosolveproblemsisconsideredmoreimportantthantheaccumulation（積累）offacts.ThisisAmerica'sanswertothesearchingquestionthatthoughtfulparentsallovertheworldareaskingthemselvesinthefast-movingtime,“Howcanonepreparetoday’schildforatomorrowthatonecanneitherpredictnorunderstand？”1。Theunderlinedwords“reasonwell"probablymean______.A。persuadefirmlyB。listthereasonsclearlyC。thinklogicallyD。concludeimmediately2。Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______。A.allhigh—schoolstudentstakethesamecoursesB。everystudentmusttakepracticalabilitytrainingcoursesC。everypublicschooloffersthesameacademicsubjectsD.thesubjectseverystudenttakesmayvary3。Americanschoolsplacegreatemphasisonthelearners’______。A.knowledgeB.accumulationoffactsC.creativityD。abilitytoworkwithhands4.WhatmakesAmericaneducationdifferentfromothers?A。Thelargenumberofschools。B.Thevarietyofthecourses。C。Itsconsiderationforimmigrants。D.Thebasicgoalofeducation?！緟⒖即鸢浮?4.CDCD閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)?！旧钲谑?014高考英語(yǔ)綜合能力測(cè)試題（1）】ABackin2006，asmyfatherwasdealingwithadvanceddementia(癡呆），ourfamilyfacedaserioussetofchallenges。Inadditiontohishealthproblems，westruggledwiththelackoftransparencyinwhathishealthinsuranceplancovered，andwithsubstantialout—of-pocketcosts.Wewereoftenleftwithunexpectedbillsafterappointmentsandmedicalprocedureswithlittlerecourse（援助)。Attimes—itfeltasthoughthesystemwassetupagainstus。Onseveraloccasions,hisinsurancecompanyinterferedwithhistreatment，dictatingimportantdecisionsabouthiscareratherthanhisdoctors.Andtherewaslittlewecoulddoaboutit.Helpingmymomnavigatetheprocessprovedtobeafrustratingandexpensiveburdenonus.Throughoutitall,Iwouldoftenwonderhowmanyotherfamilieswereinthesameboatstrugglingwithrisinghealthcarecostsandtheworstinsuranceindustryabuses.Notlongaftermydadpassedaway，IfirstheardthenSenatorObamaspeakabouthisownmother’sstruggleswithhealthinsuranceandtheneedtopasshealthreform。IknewthatIhadtobeapartofmakingthatchange。SincejoiningtheObamaAdministrationin2009，I’veworkedhardtohelpimplementtheAffordableCareAct。It'sanhonortocometoworkeverydayattheWhiteHousetohelpmakethislandmarklegislationarealityformillionsofhard-workingAmericanswhowillbenefitfromthesecurityandpeaceofmindofhavinghealthinsurance。26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthewriter’sfamilychallenges？A。Theproblemofpayment。B。Theproblemofwealthplan。C。Theproblemofunexpectedcosts.D。Theproblemofhealthinsuranceplan.27。What’sthewriter'sattitudetowardstheoldhealthinsurancesystem?A.Favorable.B。Disapproving。C.Doubtful。D.Unconcerned。28.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto"________".A。goingbyshipB.takingthesameboatC.inthesamegoodstateD。inthesamedifficultsituation29.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A.Thewriter'sfatherhasdied.B。Thewriter’smotherhasdied。C.Obama'smotherhasdied.D.TheAffordableCareActhasbeenpassed.30。HowlonghasthewriterworkedfortheAffordableCareAct?A.Twoyears. B。Threeyears。C.Fiveyears。 D.Sevenyears?！緟⒖即鸢浮?6—30BBDAC 一方面，美國(guó)醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)存在太多的浪費(fèi)；另一方面，仍有3500萬(wàn)美國(guó)人處于未參保狀態(tài)，他們?cè)诎嘿F的急診室花費(fèi)狀態(tài)下接受沒(méi)有保險(xiǎn)賠償?shù)闹委?從1990年起,攀升的成本已經(jīng)使個(gè)人、企業(yè)和政府無(wú)力承擔(dān),所以美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬提出《平價(jià)醫(yī)療法案》。26.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，未提及B項(xiàng)。27。B。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Attimesitfeltasthoughthesystemwassetupagainstus?？芍鸢?。28。D。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)句意可知?jiǎng)澗€短語(yǔ)意為“處于相同困境”。29。A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Notlongaftermydadpassedaway。.?？芍鸢?30.C。推理判斷題.根據(jù)第三段的SincejoiningtheObamaAdministrationin2009.。.可以推斷出答案。較難題目特訓(xùn):介紹說(shuō)明類閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Astudyhasshowedthatthebrainmakesdecisionsabout10secondsbeforeapersonrealizesit.Expertsinvolvedinthestudysaidthatlookingatbrainactivitywhilemakingadecision,theycouldpredictthechoicesthesubjectswouldmake,beforetheyrealizedthattheyhadmadeadecision.LeadresearcherJohn—DylanHaynes,aneuroscientist（神經(jīng)學(xué)家)attheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitiveandBrainSciencesinLeipzig,saidthatthenewfindingscalledintoquestionsfor“consciousness”ofdecisionsthatpeoplemake,andmightevenchallengeideasastohow“free"peoplearetomakeadecisionataparticularmoment。“Wethinkourdecisionsareconscious，butthesedatashowthatconsciousnessisjustthetipoftheiceberg,”Naturemagazinequoted(引用）himassaying。Thinkingtheresults“quitedramatic”，F(xiàn)rankTongofVanderbiltUniversityinNashville，Duringthestudy,thebrainsof14volunteerswereimagedastheyperformedadecision-makingtask。Thesubjectshadtwobuttonsbeforethem,eachtobeoperatedbyadifferenthand,whichtheycouldpresswhentheyfelttheurgeto.Theyweresimultaneously(同時(shí)地）shownastreamofletters,whichappearedonascreenathalf—secondintervals（間隔）.Thevolunteershadtorememberwhichletterwasshowingwhentheydecidedtopresstheirbutton.Uponanalysisofthedata,theresearchersrealizedthattheearliestsignaltheycouldcatchstartedsevensecondsbeforethevolunteersreportedhavingmadetheirdecision。Giventhedelayofafewsecondsintheimaging,theyreckoned(估計(jì))thatthebrainactivitycouldhavebegunabouttensecondsbeforetheconsciousdecision.Theresearchersshowedthatthesignalswerepickedupfromaregion（區(qū)域）calledthefrontopolarcortex(腦額極皮層）,whichislocatedatthefrontofthebrain，immediatelybehindtheforehead。Whilewritingabouttheobservationsmadeduringtheresearchinhisstudyreport，Haynessaidthatthefrontopolarcortexmightbethebrainregionwheredecisionsarestarted.Healsoshowedthatthenextstepintheresearchwouldbetospeedupthedataanalysissoastoenablehisteamtopredictpeople'schoicesastheirbrainswouldmakethem。1.Thepassagetellsusthat______。A。weareawareofourwholeprocessofdecision—makingB.peopledon’tmakedecisionsuntiltheyrealizeitC.expertshavenowaytotellwhatdecisiononewillmakeD。thedecision—makingprocessstartsbeforeitismade2.Theunderlinedword“subjects”inPara。2probablyrefersto______.A.thetopicoftheexperts’researchpaperB.thescientificsubjectsthattheexpertswerestudyingC。thethingsthatexpertsdon’tknowclearlyD。thevolunteersthattheexpertsworkedonfortheirresearch3。Theunderlinedsentence“consciousnessisjustthetipoftheiceberg”inPara。4meansthat______.A.ourdecision—makingisconsciousB。thedatacontainsalotofinformationbesidesconsciousnessC。consciousnessisthemajorpartofthedataD.10secondsis“alifetime"intermsofbrainactivity4.Thefinalpurposeoftheresearch______.A。isnotstatedclearlyinthepassageB.isnotacknowledgedbyexpertsC.istoshowwheredecision-makingstartsD.istoanalyzethedatapickedup5。Thepassageimpliesthat______。A。theresearchhasbeencompletedB.theresearchwasconductedbytwoexpertsC。thedecision-makingprocesslastsonlyabout10secondsD。wemaypredictwhatdecisionspeoplewillmakeinthefuture【參考答案】25。DDBA較難題目特訓(xùn)：介紹說(shuō)明類閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Threeyearsago，thepresidentofHarvard,LawrenceH。Summers，gotintotroubleforquestioningwomen's“intrinsic(內(nèi)在的）aptitude(能力)"forscienceandengineering.Recently,astudypaidforbyAmerica’sNationalScienceFoundationhasfoundthatgirlsperformaswellasboysonstandardizedmathtests。Althoughboysinhighschoolperformedbetterthangirlsinmath20yearsago，theresearchersfoundthatisnolongerthecase.Thereason,theysaid，issimple：Girlsusedtotakefeweradvancedmathcoursesthanboys,butnowtheyaretakingjustasmany?！癗owthatenrollmentinadvancedmathcoursesisequalized,wedon’tseegenderdifferencesintestperformance，”saidMarciaC。LinnoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,aco-authorofthestudy?！癇utpeoplearesurprisedbythesefindings，whichsuggeststomethatthestereotypesarestillthere.”Theresearcherslookedattheaveragetestscoresofallstudents,theperformanceofthemostgiftedchildrenandtheabilitytosolvecomplexmathproblems.Theyfound,ineverycategory，thatgirlsdidaswellasboys。JanetHyde，aprofessorattheUniversityofWisconsin,Madison,wholedthestudy，saidthestereotypesaboutgirlsandmath，hadtakenatoll(造成傷害）。“Thestereotypethatboysdobetteratmathisstillheldwidelybyteachersandparents，”hydesaid.“Andteachersandparentsguidegirls，givingthemadviceaboutwhatcoursestotake,whatcareerstopursue。Istillhearanecdotesaboutguidancecounselors（顧問(wèn)）steering（指導(dǎo)）girlsawayfromengineering，tellingthemtheywon'tbeabletodothemath.”ThestudyalsoanalyzedthegendergaponthemathsectionoftheSAT。Sincemoregirlsthanboysgotocollege，about100，000moregirlsthanboystakethetest,includinglower-achievinggirlswhobringdownthegirls’averagescore.1.Whatmightbethereasontocarryoutthestudy?A。ToputHarvardB.Tofindoutifthere’sanygendergapinscience.C。Tohelpgirlstoearnequalsoci